652:, well away from the unique evisceration fangs for which the genus is named. Hognose have never been formally documented using their saliva to kill prey, rather they kill by sawing and impaling prey, biting prey from the side rather than at the head to facilitate this process. Although it is possible that some day one or more species may provide data that alter the current classification of mildly toxic saliva to actual venom, the absence of any injection mechanism and indeed adaptations counter to venom injection will most likely always leave them difficult to classify. Hognose are perhaps best described as a transitional species with toxic saliva that is only produced during feeding, failing to fall into either of the classic recognisable categories of venomous or non venomous. Although their saliva is not likely to cause serious injury to humans in small amounts, should the toxic feeding saliva make its way into a cut in large enough amounts over an extended period of time the resulting
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20:
542:, sometimes accompanied by small droplets of blood. If they are rolled upright while in this state, they will often roll back as if insisting they really are dead. It has been observed that the snake, while appearing to be dead, will still watch the threat that caused the death pose. The snake will 'resurrect' sooner if the threat is looking away from it than if the threat is looking at the snake.
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trade, and are now commonly bred in captivity, but can be some of the more expensive hognose snakes available. Some states, such as the state of
Colorado, have strict laws on keeping the western hognose snake. It is considered a native species to Colorado, so it is protected by law. The law states
660:. Such occurrences are rare however as they are uninclined to bite, instead striking with mouth closed or playing dead. For these reasons they have been popular pets for more than 100 years despite the irritation experienced should they mistake their keeper's hand for food.
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Hognose snakes have mildly toxic venomous saliva and are frequently mistaken for the slightly more dangerous rear fanged snakes which possess grooved teeth and saliva intended for dispatching prey. Hognose saliva fails to meet the definition of a
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is also commonly found, but their dietary requirements can be a challenge for some keepers, and there is anecdotal evidence to suggest that feeding them a diet of exclusively rodents contributes to liver problems and a shortened life span.
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are diurnal active foragers that typically consume their prey live without any constriction or body pinning, primarily relying on only their jaws to subdue their prey.
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species are imported regularly from
Madagascar, but they are not often bred in captivity and get much larger, so they can pose a set of different challenges for care.
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that an individual can keep no more than four native snakes, and forbids the shipping, selling, and breeding of them in the state of
Colorado.
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because they have no injection system and do not have behaviours typically seen in venomous animals. Indeed, the teeth of the hognose are
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399:, which aids in digging in sandy soils by using a sweeping, side to side motion. They also like to burrow in masses of
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702:
Burghardt, G.M.; Greene, H.W. (1988). "Predator simulation and duration of death feigning in neonate hognose snakes".
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495:, "puff adder" is a common name inconsistent with established usage. "Puff adder" is the accepted common name of
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such as "puff adder", "blowing adder", "flathead", "spreadhead", "spreading adder" or "hissing adder". Note: For
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When threatened, hognose snakes will hiss, flatten their necks and raise their heads off the ground like
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They are rather timid snakes and commonly hide from predators by burrowing down into leaves, sand, etc.
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colored snake with dark speckling on it. There are also many different morphs when bred in captivity.
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Website for color mutations with pictures, breeders, and advice for the care of hognose snakes
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is often considered to be the easiest to care for, and captive-bred stock is easily found.
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in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a different genus.
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species often roll onto their backs and play dead, going so far as to emit a foul
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The hognose snakes' most distinguishing characteristic is their upturned snout/
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745:(1 ed.). Simon & Schuster Children's Publishing. p.
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A Field Guide to
Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar 3rd edition
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Species account from the Iowa
Reptile and Amphibian Field Guide
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Species account from the Iowa
Reptile and Amphibian Field Guide
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tend to be sandy colored with black and white markings, while
72:, which occur mainly in the United States and northern Mexico
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Hognose snakes are extremely variable in color and pattern.
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The
European Molecular Biology Laboratory Reptile Database
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thehognosesnake.co.uk
Hognose snakes are really important.
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bites are very rare. This behaviour has earned them local
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501:, an unrelated, dangerously venomous African species of
373:(A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A. Duméril, 1854)
778:"Hognose.com: Eastern Hognose Species Description"
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573:For most hognose snake species, the bulk of their
305:(A.M.C. Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A Duméril, 1854)
512:If this threat display fails to deter a would-be
407:species are known to dig up the eggs of lizards.
644:and strong without grooves and the mildly toxic
658:problematic in at least one species, H. Nasicus
589:is an exception, and specializes in feeding on
681:. Köln: M. Vences & F. Glaw Verlags GbR.
8:
481:. They sometimes feign strikes, but actual
622:species are fairly new to the commercial
509:flatten its neck in any threat display.
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42:with upturned snouts, classified in two
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601:Hognose snakes are frequently found in
105:species are known for their habit of
16:Common name for several snake species
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677:Glaw, Frank; Vences, Miguel (2007).
654:swelling and localized tissue damage
473:Juvenile hognose snake playing dead
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38:for several unrelated species of
109:: playing dead when threatened.
534:(in liquid form) and let their
80:, the hognose snakes native to
554:Leioheterodon madagascariensis
552:Malagasy giant hognose snake (
298:South American hognose snake,
250:Leioheterodon madagascariensis
247:Malagasy giant hognose snake,
143:Western/Plains hognose snake,
1:
716:10.1016/S0003-3472(88)80127-1
710:(November–December): 842–44.
59:They include the following
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505:, which incidentally does
741:Snakes and other Reptiles
326:Lystrophis matogrossensis
355:Tricolor hognose snake,
232:Speckled hognose snake,
192:Southern hognose snake,
167:Heterodon nasicus gloydi
178:Eastern hognose snake,
129:Mexican hognose snake,
23:Eastern hognose snake (
557:
474:
369:Lystrophis semicinctus
366:Ringed hognose snake,
273:Leioheterodon modestus
270:Blonde hognose snake,
217:
212:Plains hognose snake (
28:
829:Eastern hognose snake
822:Western hognose snake
737:Elting, Mary (1987).
646:duvernoy's secretions
611:Heterodon platirhinos
587:Heterodon platirhinos
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309:Jan's hognose snake,
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181:Heterodon platirhinos
25:Heterodon platirhinos
22:
648:are produced by the
448:Leiohetereodon geayi
343:Lystrophis nattereri
312:Lystrophis histricus
301:Lystrophis dorbignyi
235:Leioheterodon geayi
132:Heterodon kennerlyi
99:The North American
856:Snake common names
558:
538:hang out of their
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385:binomial authority
358:Lystrophis pulcher
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29:
688:978-3-929449-03-7
607:Heterodon nasicus
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412:Heterodon nasicus
214:Heterodon nasicus
146:Heterodon nasicus
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835:World of Hognose
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780:. Archived from
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704:Animal Behaviour
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54:pseudoxyrhophiid
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498:Bitis arietans
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420:H. platirhinos
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784:on 2007-03-25
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32:Hognose snake
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786:. Retrieved
782:the original
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760:. Retrieved
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422:varies from
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416:H. kennerlyi
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811:Hognose.com
530:from their
391:Description
362:(Jan, 1863)
36:common name
845:Categories
788:2007-03-09
664:References
620:Lystrophis
440:melanistic
291:Lystrophis
107:thanatosis
88:Lystrophis
82:Madagascar
851:Colubrids
762:8 January
567:Heterodon
519:Heterodon
493:Heterodon
484:Heterodon
380:Nota bene
186:Latreille
137:Kennicott
122:Heterodon
102:Heterodon
69:Heterodon
724:54259559
631:Toxicity
514:predator
458:Behavior
331:Scrocchi
241:Mocquard
201:Linnaeus
52:and one
50:families
44:colubrid
656:can be
624:reptile
583:lizards
579:rodents
536:tongues
432:oranges
351:, 1867)
320:, 1863)
281:, 1863)
279:GĂĽnther
266:, 1854)
243:, 1905)
203:, 1766)
162:Gloyd's
113:Species
753:
722:
685:
642:smooth
532:cloaca
479:cobras
442:(i.e.
436:browns
428:greens
337:, 1993
333:&
262:&
260:Bibron
188:, 1801
174:, 1952
172:Edgren
157:, 1852
155:Girard
153:&
139:, 1860
91:, the
61:genera
40:snakes
720:S2CID
638:venom
591:toads
540:mouth
503:viper
444:black
438:, to
401:humus
287:Genus
221:Genus
151:Baird
118:Genus
47:snake
34:is a
764:2019
751:ISBN
683:ISBN
581:and
575:diet
561:Diet
526:and
524:musk
424:reds
414:and
383:: A
335:Cruz
712:doi
507:not
452:tan
318:Jan
63::
847::
749:.
718:.
708:36
706:.
605:.
585:.
516:,
434:,
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
