239:
408:
849:
897:
44:
883:
655:
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342:
565:
tasks, such as washing machines and refrigerators, although nowadays, these could be considered brown goods, some of these being connected to the
Internet. Some such appliances were traditionally finished with genuine or imitation wood, hence the name. This has become rare but the name has stuck,
293:
In
America during the 1980s, the industry shipped $ 1.5 billion worth of goods each year and employed over 14,000 workers, with revenues doubling between 1982 and 1990 to $ 3.3 billion. Throughout this period, companies merged and acquired one another to reduce research and production costs and
870:
their parts for reuse. The main types of appliances that are recycled are T.V.s, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, and computers. It involves disassembly, removal of hazardous components and destruction of the equipment to recover materials, generally by shredding, sorting and
824:
can go into a delayed start mode, or vice versa. Or, a washing machine and clothes dryer could share information about load characteristics (gentle/normal, light/full), and synchronize their finish times so the wet laundry does not have to wait before being put in the dryer.
249:
While many appliances have existed for centuries, the self-contained electric or gas powered appliances are a uniquely
American innovation that emerged in the early twentieth century. The development of these appliances is tied to the disappearance of full-time
152:
defines "home appliance" as: "devices or machines, usually electrical, that are in your home and which you use to do jobs such as cleaning or cooking". The broad usage allows for nearly any device intended for domestic use to be a home appliance, including
715:
A survey conducted in 2020 of more than thirteen thousand people in the UK revealed how long appliance owners had their appliances before needing to replace them due to a fault, deteriorating performance, or the age of the appliance.
1485:
238:
819:
There is a trend of networking home appliances together, and combining their controls and key functions. For instance, energy distribution could be managed more evenly so that when a washing machine is on, an
312:
In the 1990s, the appliance industry was very consolidated, with over 90% of the products being sold by just five companies. For example, in 1991, dishwasher manufacturing market share was split between
176:
The development of self-contained electric and gas-powered appliances, an
American innovation, emerged in the early 20th century. This evolution is linked to the decline of full-time domestic
1718:
836:, automation, communication with other home appliances, and more functionality enabling connected cooking. Internet-connected home appliances were especially prevalent during recent
1495:
415:
Small appliances are typically small household electrical machines, also very useful and easily carried and installed. Yet another category is used in the kitchen, including:
573:, which sell both entertainment, communication, and home office devices and kitchen appliances such as refrigerators. The highest selling consumer electronics products are
146:
The domestic application attached to home appliance is tied to the definition of appliance as "an instrument or device designed for a particular use or function".
226:, often referred to as brown goods, include items like TVs and computers. There is a growing trend towards home automation and internet-connected appliances.
407:
306:
201:
1754:
254:
and the desire to reduce the time-consuming activities in pursuit of more recreational time. In the early 1900s, electric and gas appliances included
275:
355:
Major appliances, also known as white goods, comprise major household appliances and may include: air conditioners, dishwashers, clothes dryers,
1655:
1319:
1188:
1074:
1368:
204:
of 1987 mandated a 25% reduction in energy consumption every five years. By the 1990s, five companies dominated over 90% of the market.
1266:
302:
1678:
566:
even for goods that are unlikely ever to have had a wooden case (e.g. camcorders). In the 2010s, this distinction is absent in large
1362:
1303:
702:
960:
676:
680:
1564:
1454:
1873:
1747:
1518:
1455:"Getting Smarter All the Time: The Appliance Landscape Continues to Evolve with the Rise of Internet-Connected Devices"
2017:
665:
1569:
1324:
1111:
570:
148:
684:
669:
309:
of 1987, which required manufacturers to reduce the energy consumption of the appliances by 25% every five years.
1106:
541:) equipment intended for everyday use, typically in private homes. Consumer electronics include devices used for
2217:
1740:
1665:
837:
1423:
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and wood-veneer finishes typical on 1950s and 1960s radio and TV receivers, and in contrast to "white goods".
2037:
1042:
2158:
2148:
828:
Additionally, some manufacturers of home appliances are quickly beginning to place hardware that enables
200:. By the 1980s, the appliance industry was booming, leading to mergers and antitrust legislation. The US
2153:
1982:
1905:
295:
1605:
534:
520:
287:
223:
154:
1180:
Antique
Electric Waffle Irons 1900-1960: A History of the Appliance Industry in 20th Century America
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and desire to reduce household chores, allowing for more leisure time. Early appliances included
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2012:
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1352:
1299:
1184:
888:
856:: mounds of trashed appliances with a few smashed automobiles mixed in, waiting to be scrapped
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638:
500:
376:
140:
1644:"The Application Research of Small Home Appliance Product Based on Computer Aided Ergonomics"
2096:
1930:
1910:
1885:
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Proceedings of the 2012 International
Conference of Modern Computer Science and Applications
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2007:
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211:
207:
181:
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210:, often called white goods, include items like refrigerators and washing machines, while
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606:
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69:
192:. The industry saw significant growth post-World War II, with the introduction of
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1296:
History of Modern Design: Graphics and
Products Since the Industrial Revolution
17:
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1997:
1987:
1970:
1965:
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1819:
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882:
878:
594:
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397:
322:
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1650:. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer. pp. 522–528.
1486:"Home appliance makers connect with open source 'Internet of things' project"
1992:
1950:
1782:
634:
602:
590:
330:
227:
128:
1215:
222:. Product design shifted in the 1960s, embracing new materials and colors.
274:
in 1903 gave a small initial boost to the home appliance industry. In the
2091:
2002:
1925:
1395:
937:
829:
618:
65:
2138:
2064:
1977:
1802:
1679:"New computerized home appliance to assist with caring for the elderly"
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488:
456:
360:
243:
215:
177:
166:
132:
103:
91:
1596:
Buekens, A.; Yang, J. (2014). "Recycling of WEEE plastics: A review".
866:
Appliance recycling consists of dismantling waste home appliances and
2022:
1727:
582:
416:
326:
263:
95:
341:
43:
1424:"How long should you expect your large kitchen appliances to last?"
1732:
867:
847:
610:
406:
396:
340:
237:
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of home appliances involves dismantling and recovering materials.
158:
2074:
1523:
1519:"Appliance Science: The Internet of Toasters (and other things)"
821:
626:
586:
1736:
1565:"Appliances of the Future Will Be Able to 'Talk' over Internet"
1545:
Hitchcox, Alan (February 2015). "The
Internet of uncertainty".
1400:
648:
1261:
1259:
495:
and embraced technological advances in the fabrication of
290:
was reflected by a rise in miscellaneous home appliances.
511:. Home appliances were sold as space-saving ensembles.
1267:"Best Small Appliances — Small Appliance Reviews"
557:
by producers and sellers, to distinguish them from "
270:. The invention of Earl Richardson's small electric
2184:
1770:
1598:
The
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management
83:
75:
61:
53:
36:
286:were part of a shift for convenience. Increasing
1216:"Efficient Appliances Save Energy -- and Money"
1068:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1060:
1664:Kriske, Rob; Kriske, Mary (July/August 1984).
1748:
832:connectivity in home appliances to allow for
8:
1448:
1446:
1164:Encyclopedia of American Industries Volume 1
852:New Orleans, Louisiana, United States after
553:. In British English, they are often called
683:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1755:
1741:
1733:
1075:"Tips to ensure safety of home appliances"
913: – Usage of applied science in houses
718:
307:National Appliance Energy Conservation Act
202:National Appliance Energy Conservation Act
42:
703:Learn how and when to remove this message
411:The small appliance department at a store
379:. White goods were typically painted or
1717:) is being considered for deletion. See
1351:McDermott, Catherine (30 October 2007).
1210:
1208:
1206:
1204:
1202:
1200:
952:
929:
722:
48:Home appliances may be used in kitchens
1453:Michelle, Bangert (1 September 2014).
919: – Building automation for a home
33:
1158:
1156:
1154:
7:
1073:Bulletin, Manila (9 November 2014).
1043:"Definition of household appliances"
730:Shortest average estimated lifespan
681:adding citations to reliable sources
294:eliminate competitors, resulting in
276:Post–World War II economic expansion
1517:Baguley, Richard; McDonald, Colin.
1218:. Natural Resources Defense Council
727:Longest average estimated lifespan
383:white, and many of them still are.
367:, water heaters, washing machines,
1371:from the original on 18 April 2016
1183:. Trafford Publishing. p. 1.
577:. Examples are: home electronics,
303:United States Department of Energy
25:
1721:to help reach a consensus. ›
1573:. 15 January 2015. Archived from
1484:Essers, Loek (10 December 2013).
1391:"Compact disc hits 25th birthday"
895:
881:
653:
499:. A choice in color, as well as
127:, is a machine which assists in
57:Food and beverages, health care
1298:. Laurence King. p. 336.
345:Swedish washing machine, 1950s
1:
965:Lexico Dictionaries | English
1244:. Data monitor, Static.scrib
305:reviews compliance with the
242:Early 20th century electric
2018:Instant hot water dispenser
1547:Hydraulics & Pneumatics
1461:. BNP Media. Archived from
571:consumer electronics stores
2234:
1357:. Routledge. p. 234.
1325:Collins English Dictionary
1138:Collins English Dictionary
1112:Collins English Dictionary
859:
812:
806:
518:
503:, could be offered to the
390:
348:
149:Collins English Dictionary
29:Machine for household uses
1618:10.1007/s10163-014-0241-2
838:Consumer Electronics Show
729:
726:
723:
41:
1719:templates for discussion
1354:Design: The Key Concepts
1177:George, William (2003).
991:"appliance (definition)"
525:Consumer electronics or
402:Small kitchen appliances
214:encompass items such as
115:, also referred to as a
2038:Laundry-folding machine
1666:"Home Appliance Repair"
479:for appliances such as
317:with 40% market share,
1294:David Raizman (2003).
1166:. Gale Research. 1994.
857:
561:" which are meant for
412:
404:
346:
278:, the domestic use of
246:
1906:Electric water boiler
961:"Household Appliance"
851:
501:fashionable accessory
410:
400:
344:
296:antitrust legislation
241:
188:, refrigerators, and
1674:. Accessed May 2015.
1577:on 24 September 2015
1465:on 24 September 2015
1045:. Collins Dictionary
677:improve this section
521:Consumer electronics
515:Consumer electronics
288:discretionary income
224:Consumer electronics
155:consumer electronics
2197:Appliance recycling
1921:Electric toothbrush
1610:2014JMCWM..16..415B
911:Domestic technology
862:Appliance recycling
720:
623:video game consoles
507:without increasing
125:household appliance
2053:Robotic lawn mower
1936:Evaporative cooler
1498:on 24 October 2018
1332:on 8 December 2014
858:
815:Internet of things
719:
639:answering machines
493:Streamline Moderne
491:shifted away from
413:
405:
347:
247:
131:functions such as
121:electric appliance
117:domestic appliance
2205:
2204:
1825:Coffee percolator
1808:Immersion blender
1671:Mother Earth News
1657:978-3-642-33030-8
1190:978-1-55395-632-7
936:"Brown" from the
889:Technology portal
854:Hurricane Katrina
800:
799:
713:
712:
705:
489:electric toasters
475:In the 1960s the
377:induction cookers
363:, refrigerators,
262:, refrigerators,
252:domestic servants
141:food preservation
109:
108:
16:(Redirected from
2225:
2013:Induction cooker
1983:Garbage disposer
1931:Espresso machine
1886:Electric blanket
1757:
1750:
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1684:Rockdale Citizen
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1514:
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1494:. Archived from
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1475:
1474:
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1459:Appliance Design
1450:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1419:
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1410:
1408:
1403:. 17 August 2007
1387:
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1339:
1337:
1328:. Archived from
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1284:
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1272:Consumer Reports
1263:
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1083:. Archived from
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1008:
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978:
976:
971:on 1 August 2020
967:. Archived from
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886:
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721:
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697:
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527:home electronics
481:washing machines
445:electric kettles
387:Small appliances
369:trash compactors
337:Major appliances
315:General Electric
256:washing machines
212:small appliances
208:Major appliances
182:washing machines
171:air conditioners
46:
34:
21:
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2201:
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2176:Washing machine
2171:Water dispenser
2097:Pressure cooker
2080:Convection oven
2008:Ice cream maker
1916:Electric shaver
1911:Electric heater
1896:Electric kettle
1778:Air conditioner
1766:
1764:Home appliances
1761:
1722:
1703:
1690:
1688:
1677:
1658:
1642:Du, Z. (2012).
1641:
1638:
1636:Further reading
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1080:Manila Bulletin
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1024:
1022:Merriam Webster
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996:Merriam-Webster
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988:
984:
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917:Home automation
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809:Home automation
805:
803:Home automation
735:Washing machine
709:
698:
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674:
658:
647:
599:digital cameras
579:radio receivers
523:
517:
509:production cost
473:
463:, toasters and
441:food processors
429:coffee grinders
421:electric mixers
395:
393:Small appliance
389:
373:microwave ovens
357:drying cabinets
353:
351:Major appliance
339:
268:sewing machines
236:
190:sewing machines
49:
30:
23:
22:
18:Home Appliances
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1941:Food processor
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1901:Electric knife
1898:
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1891:Electric drill
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1869:Domestic robot
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1706:
1702:
1701:External links
1699:
1698:
1697:
1687:. 8 April 2015
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1604:(3): 415–434.
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860:Main article:
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834:remote control
807:Main article:
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547:communications
519:Main article:
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477:product design
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471:Product design
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391:Main article:
388:
385:
365:kitchen stoves
349:Main article:
338:
335:
333:with just 2%.
284:clothes dryers
235:
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198:clothes dryers
113:home appliance
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2033:Kitchen stove
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2014:
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1830:Clothes dryer
1828:
1826:
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1818:
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1815:Bread machine
1813:
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1491:Computerworld
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1364:9781134361809
1360:
1356:
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1347:
1344:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1320:"brown goods"
1315:
1312:
1307:
1305:9781856693486
1301:
1297:
1290:
1287:
1275:. 29 May 2014
1274:
1273:
1268:
1262:
1260:
1256:
1243:
1242:www.icfdc.com
1239:
1238:"White Goods"
1233:
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1139:
1135:
1134:"brown goods"
1129:
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1114:
1113:
1108:
1107:"white goods"
1102:
1099:
1087:on 5 May 2015
1086:
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795:
792:
789:
788:
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781:
778:
777:
773:
770:
768:Built-in oven
767:
766:
762:
759:
756:
755:
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748:
745:
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740:
737:
734:
733:
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686:
682:
678:
672:
671:
667:
662:This section
660:
656:
651:
650:
644:
642:
640:
636:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
612:
608:
607:still cameras
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:compact discs
572:
569:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
543:entertainment
540:
536:
532:
528:
522:
514:
512:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
490:
486:
485:refrigerators
482:
478:
470:
468:
466:
465:exhaust hoods
462:
458:
454:
453:coffee makers
450:
446:
442:
438:
437:herb grinders
434:
430:
426:
425:meat grinders
422:
418:
409:
403:
399:
394:
386:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
352:
343:
336:
334:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
310:
308:
304:
299:
297:
291:
289:
285:
281:
277:
273:
269:
265:
261:
260:water heaters
257:
253:
245:
240:
233:
231:
229:
225:
221:
220:coffee makers
217:
213:
209:
205:
203:
199:
195:
191:
187:
186:water heaters
183:
179:
174:
172:
168:
164:
163:refrigerators
160:
156:
151:
150:
144:
142:
138:
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
114:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
86:
82:
79:In some cases
78:
74:
71:
70:laundry rooms
67:
64:
60:
56:
52:
45:
40:
35:
32:
27:
19:
2102:Refrigerator
2048:Riding mower
2028:Kitchen hood
1852:Dehumidifier
1842:Clothes iron
1793:Air purifier
1763:
1712:
1689:. Retrieved
1682:
1669:
1647:
1601:
1597:
1591:
1579:. Retrieved
1575:the original
1568:
1559:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1528:. Retrieved
1522:
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1496:the original
1489:
1479:
1467:. Retrieved
1463:the original
1458:
1433:. Retrieved
1427:
1417:
1405:. Retrieved
1394:
1385:
1373:. Retrieved
1353:
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1330:the original
1323:
1314:
1295:
1289:
1277:. Retrieved
1270:
1246:. Retrieved
1241:
1232:
1220:. Retrieved
1179:
1172:
1163:
1141:. Retrieved
1137:
1128:
1116:. Retrieved
1110:
1101:
1089:. Retrieved
1085:the original
1078:
1047:. Retrieved
1037:
1025:. Retrieved
1021:
1012:
1000:. Retrieved
994:
985:
973:. Retrieved
969:the original
964:
955:
932:
865:
827:
818:
746:Tumble dryer
714:
699:
693:October 2022
690:
675:Please help
663:
615:alarm clocks
563:housekeeping
554:
526:
524:
474:
461:rice cookers
449:waffle irons
414:
354:
329:with 7% and
311:
300:
292:
272:clothes iron
248:
206:
175:
147:
145:
124:
120:
116:
112:
110:
88:Refrigerator
31:
26:
2166:Waffle iron
2129:Slow cooker
2119:Rice cooker
2060:Leaf blower
1847:Coffeemaker
1788:Air ioniser
1707:‹ The
1570:The Mercury
1018:"Appliance"
631:home cinema
595:DVD players
559:white goods
555:brown goods
505:mass market
497:sheet metal
433:deep fryers
280:dishwashers
194:dishwashers
157:as well as
62:Application
2043:Lawn mower
1998:Humidifier
1988:Hair dryer
1966:Fan heater
1881:Deep fryer
1874:comparison
1857:Dishwasher
1820:Bug zapper
1407:15 October
1375:5 December
1336:5 December
1143:5 December
1118:5 December
948:References
813:See also:
757:Dishwasher
724:Appliance
645:Life spans
635:telephones
603:camcorders
551:recreation
531:electronic
325:with 20%,
323:Electrolux
321:with 31%,
1993:Hair iron
1956:bladeless
1783:Air fryer
1626:108437684
871:grading.
868:scrapping
844:Recycling
796:18 years
785:14 years
774:23 years
763:13 years
752:17 years
741:13 years
664:does not
619:computers
331:Thermador
319:Whirlpool
228:Recycling
129:household
100:microwave
2212:Category
2185:See also
2092:Pie iron
2003:Icemaker
1926:Epilator
1709:template
1396:BBC News
1369:Archived
975:25 April
938:bakelite
875:See also
840:events.
830:Internet
793:29 years
782:24 years
771:29 years
760:22 years
749:24 years
738:21 years
457:blenders
381:enameled
361:freezers
216:toasters
178:servants
167:toasters
137:cleaning
84:Examples
66:Kitchens
54:Industry
2159:robotic
2149:central
2139:Toaster
2065:Lighter
1978:Freezer
1961:ceiling
1803:Blender
1711:below (
1606:Bibcode
1553:(2): 8.
1435:27 June
1049:24 July
1027:24 July
685:removed
670:sources
583:TV sets
568:big box
539:digital
417:juicers
264:kettles
244:toaster
234:History
133:cooking
104:blender
92:toaster
2154:manual
2023:Juicer
1971:window
1728:Curlie
1714:Curlie
1654:
1624:
1429:Which?
1361:
1302:
1187:
790:Fridge
611:clocks
535:analog
487:, and
375:, and
327:Maytag
282:, and
159:stoves
96:kettle
76:Wheels
2112:smart
2070:Mixer
1951:attic
1835:combo
1771:Types
1691:5 May
1622:S2CID
1581:5 May
1530:5 May
1502:5 May
1469:5 May
1279:5 May
1248:6 May
1222:4 May
1091:5 May
1002:4 May
924:Notes
123:or a
119:, an
2075:Oven
1693:2015
1652:ISBN
1583:2015
1532:2015
1524:CNET
1504:2015
1471:2015
1437:2021
1409:2019
1377:2014
1359:ISBN
1338:2014
1300:ISBN
1281:2015
1250:2015
1224:2015
1185:ISBN
1145:2014
1120:2014
1093:2015
1051:2013
1029:2013
1004:2015
977:2020
822:oven
668:any
666:cite
637:and
629:and
627:HiFi
593:and
587:VCRs
549:and
529:are
301:The
266:and
218:and
196:and
169:and
139:and
68:and
1946:Fan
1726:at
1614:doi
1401:BBC
679:by
537:or
143:.
2214::
1681:.
1668:.
1646:.
1620:.
1612:.
1602:16
1600:.
1567:.
1551:68
1549:.
1521:.
1488:.
1457:.
1445:^
1426:.
1399:.
1393:.
1367:.
1322:.
1269:.
1258:^
1240:.
1199:^
1153:^
1136:.
1109:.
1077:.
1059:^
1020:.
993:.
963:.
641:.
633:,
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621:,
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609:,
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591:CD
589:,
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581:,
545:,
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459:,
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258:,
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165:,
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1439:.
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1340:.
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1283:.
1252:.
1226:.
1193:.
1147:.
1122:.
1095:.
1053:.
1031:.
1006:.
979:.
706:)
700:(
695:)
691:(
687:.
673:.
533:(
20:)
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