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building in 1955 construction was put on hold, then continued, but under a much slower rate. The design came under repeated waves of criticisms in light of
Khrushchev's decree on the highest Republic level. As a result, with the carcass of the structure already rising, the architects were commissioned to alter the design in the most obscure ways possible. First came the rich foundation "grote" then the colonnade enriched entrance, replaced by a glazed lobby. In external decoration none of the small sculptures or bas-reliefs survived. Yet even at that the assault did not stop. The politicians, going against all principles, attacked the whole top of the building, not only the spire, but the crowning five floor pedestal that the spire sat on, effectively halving the final height.
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Khrushchev issued a decree, that initiated what became later known as the "struggle with decorative extras". In short it meant that rich exquisite features such as colonnades, sculptures, pilasters and other central features of
Stalinist Architecture were not to be used. Although this was primarily addressed at housing, nonetheless, its impact found itself into projects that were already developed and in construction.
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republic and the union to develop a new project for a complete reconstruction of the central city. Most of them had provisions to place a new tall building on the place of the original
Ginzburg house. The 1937 opinion of Alexander Dovzhenko about the Ginzburg house that all likewise constructions of Kyiv should be based on its geographical relief, was echoed in almost every project.
635:, during one of his visits to Kiev asked what happened to the finale of "Moskva" and after seeing that this is how the "struggle with decorative extras" is being conducted, with pity said that unique constructions are not affected by that decree and only housing property, and what happened here was just like in the old saying "make a fool pray and instead he breaks his forehead".
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powerless against the direct intervention of politics into architecture. I remember that night, when the member of the
Ukrainian government I.Senin called me and, with extreme sadness in his voice, told about the government session that just closed. Nothing could be done, the building must be cut by five floors. Later I was told that
409:. However, for the construction, some of Pechersk's residents had to be resettled (in all 1,180 households were demolished). Some of the resettling was directed towards the remaining Linden forest, which was deforested by the order of the governor. This area formed nowadays' most expensive city neighbourhoods:
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Indeed, in 1884, the mansion of
Instituska 16 was bought by a military engineer, Colonel M. Fabritsius. He ordered architect A. Gekker to create a project for a new house, but being not satisfied, he self-planned an original in pseudo-Mauritanian style mansion (destroyed in 1941). In 1886, Fabritsius
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professor of medicine F. Mering. To gain additional profits, Mering allowed part of the park to be converted for the use of workshops and storage. When Mering died in 1895, it was possible to divide the estate into several quarters, due to the formation of the estate's service driveways. One of these
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In particular it was this argument that was repeated from Kyiv's architects that came throughout the 1960s and 1970s, who, in unison, stressed that the building should be completed in stand alone fashion, maybe not
Stalinist, but at least in its form, it should be done so to become a visual image of
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In the early 1950s the remaining rubble of the
Ginzburg house was removed, along with the old foundation, on the edge of the plateau, and the empty space was slowly prepared for the future high rise hotel. Construction of the building finalized by the architects A.Doborvolsky, V.Priymak, A.Miletsky,
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Eventually, the military fortification was pulled down, and as the 18th century drew to a close, development of the picturesque area quickly began turning the
Ivanovo road into Ivanovskaya Street (renamed in the 1820s to Bigechevskaya when an estate of General Bigechev was constructed on it). At the
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which was thrice as big was finished in only four years 1949-1953, i.e. almost twice as fast. The new building, originally meant to be an elite hotel, much like the
Ginzburg house before it became an eyesore. Moreover, the transition from Stalinist Architecture was so rapid, that by the time of its
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For central Kyiv this had a full impact on the final stage of its reconstruction. The original project of
Dobrovolsky was abandoned, which upon the late 1950s was mostly complete, with the exception of the northeastern side of the Kalinin square. Construction was stopped, and the square, for almost
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Not a single of the original projects, despite that that many were submitted in the long three-phase part was realized. The competition dragged on for several years and eventually the organisers gave the development of the general reconstruction project of central Kyiv to the first workshop of the
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Another author of the project B.Priymak too said that "the hotel had to have a powerful strength show the picturesque natural landscape of Kiev, towering high above the Kreschatik. Realisation of the projected design would have allowed to enrich the composition of the main square of the capital".
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But only three years later, both mansions on Instituska 16 and 18 are transferred to the famous Kyivan contractor L. Ginzburg. Thus he becomes an owner of almost 34 square kilometres (13 sq mi) of land between the Mykolaevska (modern Horodetska) and Institute streets. In 1901, under the
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However, none of the impacts of the "struggle" were as visual as the final fate of the Hotel Moskva itself. In 1954 construction began on the empty space on top of the flattened remnants of the offspur following the clean-up of the Ginzburg house rubble in the late 1940s. Yet for a medium-sized
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After Kyiv's liberation, during the cleanup of the streets and squares of the city from the ruins the remaining part of the Ginzburg house were pulled down. Symbolically on the 22nd of June, 1944 the City Council called for a competition for architects from Kyiv as well as other places from the
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Like all of central Kyiv, the Ginzburg house was to have the same fate as the rest of the buildings when after the Red Army's abandoning of the city remote explosives were employed to detonate and blow up the central city. Ginzburg house was not totally destroyed but remained as a ruined shell.
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programme in full swing the Soviet State re-prioritised its main objectives. One of the biggest problems was construction of housing, which despite being ten years since the end of the war, was much too slow with millions of people still living in communal flats. Faced with the dilemma in 1955
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Nonetheless, even in such conditions we tried to maximise our artistic individuality, made many attempts to use traditional motifs of the past. I think that the architectural practice of those times was saved by the high level of professionality of the people designing it. However this proved
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building with the central part towering over the two wings and topped with a decorative spire and a red star. A massive neo-classic foundation would serve as an entrance, and from the top, a viewing platform would be installed so that visitors can see the whole of Kyiv.
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The area of the location where the modern building sits is significant to the history of Kyiv and its geography. Historically, when Kyiv still had military fortification walls surrounding the city which ran along the modern Khreschatyk street and in the area of the
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This object was born out of sorrows and hardships, with more than twenty individual projects that were developed, each one in turn passing the government in face of never-ending criticism. It is not surprising that the silhouette of the building reminds of the
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project of architect Shleif, a six-story building was constructed on Mykolaevska-9 and built into the new mansion complex. The building still stands today, though badly damaged in 1941, it has lost some of its original decor following post-war restorations.
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Kyiv rather than an eyesore. However even, when in the 1980s the Kalinin (then renamed October Revolution) square finally did obtain the full symmetric look that was originally projected, the reconstruction of Moskva deemed too complex to carry out then.
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As a result, the hotel, with its mutilated design that should have, with respect to the original decree, accelerated and rationalised its rate of construction, was opened only in 1961, seven years after construction began. The massive
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A.Kosenko and V.Sazansky began in 1954. By this point, construction was also underway in the rebuilding of the Khreschatyk and the, renamed in 1946, Kalinin Square opposite the offspur. The original hotel was to be based much on
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However the offspur itself did not receive a lot of development due to the lack of space, and as a result, some of the Linden trees still existed for a long time afterwards. In particular, Ukrainian poet
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on Instutska 14, in the early 1840s. It is probable that sometime later, this house was either demolished or rebuilt before being replaced by a different building that survived to the period of
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driveways became the modern Olhinska street, which effectively placed the offspur in the geographical layout that survives today, with the Olhinska street cutting off the offspur in the south.
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and included A.Dobrovolsky, A.Malinovsky, V.Elizarova, B.Priymaka, A.Zavarova amongst many others. However, in 1949 Dobrovolsky took the position of the head after Vlasov moved to Moscow.
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433:"My flat was directly across from the institute, not on the Kreshchatik, but on a hill. I offered it to Sofia Samoilovna and myself settled in architect Beretti's house."
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two decades looked very odd with the asymmetry formed from the rich Stalinist buildings on the north and the old pre-war, and pre-revolution constructions opposite.
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In 2001, it was renamed Ukrayina, in honour of the 10th anniversary of the independence of Ukraine. The hotel became a vantage point for journalists covering the
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The remaining parts of the offspur, south of the Olhinska street did not receive a lot of development, as it was reserved in 1830 by the Governor of the
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square. The layout of the roads leading to the gate can still be observed at the five small streets coming out of the northern part of the square.
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opening, the architectural changes of the 1960s, inspired by the Space Age and new technology made it simply archaic. Dobrovolsky later wrote:
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also received its share of development, and the Linden tree forest was transformed into a park with a lake (in the modern location of the
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Overlooking the Pechersk Gate from the south was an offspur of the Pechersk plateau with two roads on both sides linking the
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461:"...25-ho Zhovtnya street (Insititutska) №14: A small wooden house in three floors height, externally decorated with yellow
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which would continue for almost twenty years. The construction would later be abandoned due to political instability in the
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Thus the modern hotel building dates to 1948 when a joint group of architects headed by the chief Architect of Kyiv
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as the Ivanovo road and the other (modern Horodetska) lead to a large market that was to the south. A beautiful
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the following year. In 2024, the hotel was privatized after being sold at auction to businessman
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square); all of this was inside the grounds of a massive estate that was bought in 1862 by
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wood covered the surrounding hills forming a picturesque view from the city walls.
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783:"State sells iconic Kyiv hotel to Ukrainian businessman for double starting price"
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with old Kyiv. One of which, modern Institutska Street, was known since days of
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The flat that Shevchenko describes was in a one-floor wooden house with a
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473:) is barely standing and inside is a hall with interesting pilasters."
16:"Hotel Ukrayina" redirects here. For the hotel in Moscow, Russia, see
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that were built during that time. The finalised project featured an
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Information about hotel at the State Management of Affairs website
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Reconstruction of central Kyiv (One of the 22 rejected projects).
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Science-practical center of prophylactic and clinical medicine
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How on the spot of "Kievan Paris" they built a "Moscow"
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53:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
613:high rises that were erected at the time in Moscow
1165:Central Administration of sanatoriums and resorts
578:firmly secured his position in Moscow. With the
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401:Levashov, who ordered the construction of a new
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753:p.44; first published in Kiev, 1988 by the
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309:, is a four-star hotel located in central
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113:Learn how and when to remove this message
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481:View from the Linden park back towards
1311:Science-production center "Prioritety"
1070:Administrative Buildings Management (
624:Hotel Moscow upon completion in 1961.
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1290:Cultural center of Ukraine in Moscow
1248:"Sanatorium of Semashko" ("Ukraine")
1072:Presidential Administration Building
51:adding citations to reliable sources
732:State Management of Affairs website
673:for Hr 2.5 billion ($ 60 million).
485:, latter half of the 19th century.
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1360:Hotel buildings completed in 1961
1308:Zhytomyr alcoholic beverage plant
378:same time, the other side of the
1355:Hotels built in the Soviet Union
1340:Buildings and structures in Kyiv
1242:Sanitary-epidemiological station
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510:World War II and reconstruction
38:needs additional citations for
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1108:National Art Palace "Ukrayina
505:The destroyed Ginzburg House.
449:which was built by architect
342:Gate, now located in today's
1147:Hall of Official Delegations
1302:Construction Administration
1055:State Management of Affairs
327:State Management of Affairs
224:State Management of Affairs
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1365:Hotels established in 1961
1093:House of the Weeping Widow
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1317:Azov-Sivash National Park
1196:Crystal Palace Sanatorium
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587:Politics and architecture
538:Another rejected project.
531:institute "Kievprojekt".
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283:www.ukraine-hotel.kiev.ua
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196:50.4485417°N 30.5272083°E
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1314:Crimean Natural Preserve
967:National Musical Academy
876:Central Department Store
1205:Koncha-Zaspa Sanatorium
1159:Resorts and sanatoriums
767:Hotel Ukraine's History
602:Moscow State University
417:translation of Lindens
301:), also referred to as
243:Design and construction
164:4 vulytsia Instytutska,
713:List of hotels in Kyiv
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657:Hotel Ukraine at night
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552:Moscow's seven sisters
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373:Berreti's House, 1850.
201:50.4485417; 30.5272083
1320:Bilo-ozerske Forestry
1098:Expocenter of Ukraine
1064:and other real estate
1008:Parliamentary Library
982:Trade Unions Building
667:Revolution of Dignity
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18:Hotel Ukraina, Moscow
1370:Maidan Nezalezhnosti
1222:Medical institutions
1088:House with Chimaeras
1062:Official residencies
921:Bessarabskyi Quarter
901:Maidan Nezalezhnosti
787:The Kyiv Independent
451:Alexander V. Beretti
344:Maidan Nezalezhnosti
47:improve this article
1375:Pecherskyi District
1116:Residence Synyohora
947:Central Post Office
916:Bessarabskyi Market
865:Khreshchatyk Street
789:. 18 September 2024
570:After the death of
192: /
146:General information
1211:"Pushcha-Vodytsia"
1193:Morshyn Sanatorium
1180:Alushta Sanatorium
1112:Residence Zalissya
952:City Duma building
896:Bessarabska Square
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737:2012-10-11 at the
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649:Post-independence
633:Nikita Khrushchev
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313:, the capital of
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230:Technical details
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821:—Interesny Kiev
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1305:Ukrinvestbud
1263:Hotel Dnipro
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936:Arena Centre
881:Kyiv Passage
823:(in Russian)
793:19 September
791:. Retrieved
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45:Please help
40:verification
37:
384:Ivan Franko
355:Kievan Rus'
235:Floor count
199: /
174:Coordinates
1334:Categories
1245:Apothecary
1202:"Svitanok"
1171:"Pivdenny"
1077:Mezhyhirya
962:Lach Gates
755:Mystetstvo
719:References
663:Euromaidan
413:(from the
73:newspapers
1287:"Komunar"
1232:Feofaniya
931:Metrohrad
749:V. Zmyr,
447:Mezzanine
415:Ukrainian
295:Ukrainian
1190:"Raduha"
735:Archived
677:See also
556:I shaped
351:Pechersk
340:Pechersk
151:Location
419:"Липки"
380:offspur
315:Ukraine
277:Website
269:Parking
212:Opening
161:Address
155:Ukraine
87:scholar
1214:"Psou"
1125:Travel
957:Globus
359:Linden
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1185:Artek
463:ochre
411:Lypky
399:Knyaz
220:Owner
94:JSTOR
80:books
795:2024
471:№ 14
467:№ 16
311:Kyiv
215:1961
167:Kyiv
66:news
421:).
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