5707:
38:
1669:
5701:
1110:
6606:
5482:
763:
1091:
151:
3289:
1693:
1384:
1222:
5492:
2093:
1004:). Mandatory use for all public records began in 1794, but was suspended six months later by the same 1795 legislation that first established the metric system. In spite of this, a few localities continued to use decimal time for six years for civil status records, until 1800, after Napoleon's Coup of 18 Brumaire.
1163:
hours were longer than winter daytime hours, each being one twelfth of the time between sunrise and sunset. These variable-length hours were variously known as temporal, unequal, or seasonal hours and were in use until the appearance of the mechanical clock, which furthered the adoption of equal length hours.
1547:
each. (Another seven stars were noted by the
Egyptians during the twilight and predawn periods, although they were not important for the hour divisions.) The original decans used by the Egyptians would have fallen noticeably out of their proper places over a span of several centuries. By the time of
1117:
Many different ways of counting the hours have been used. Because sunrise, sunset, and, to a lesser extent, noon, are the conspicuous points in the day, starting to count at these times was, for most people in most early societies, much easier than starting at midnight. However, with accurate clocks
1240:
bell (or at the end of dusk, i.e., half an hour after sunset, depending on local custom and geographical latitude). The hours were numbered from 1 to 24. For example, in Lugano, the sun rose in
December during the 14th hour and noon was during the 19th hour; in June the sun rose during the 7th hour
1602:
travelled. Protective deities were assigned to each and were used as the names of the hours. As the protectors and resurrectors of the sun, the goddesses of the night hours were considered to hold power over all lifespans and thus became part of
Egyptian funerary rituals. Two fire-spitting cobras
1104:
the outer radius of the dial. This animation depicts the motion of the shadow from 3 a.m. to 9 p.m. on mid-summer's day, when the Sun is at its highest declination (roughly 23.5°). Sunrise and sunset occur at 3 a.m. and 9 p.m. respectively on that day at geographical latitudes
1162:
Sunrise marked the beginning of the first hour, the middle of the day was at the end of the sixth hour and sunset at the end of the twelfth hour. This meant that the duration of hours varied with the season. In the
Northern hemisphere, particularly in the more northerly latitudes, summer daytime
569:
The ancient Greeks kept time differently than is done today. Instead of dividing the time between one midnight and the next into 24 equal hours, they divided the time from sunrise to sunset into 12 "seasonal hours" (their actual duration depending on season), and the time from sunset to the next
523:
Fifteen and thirty minutes past the hour is expressed as "a quarter past" or "after" and "half past", respectively, from their fraction of the hour. Fifteen minutes before the hour may be expressed as "a quarter to", "of", "till", or "before" the hour. (9:45 may be read "nine forty-five" or "a
1144:"Babylonian hours" divide the day and night into 24 equal hours, reckoned from the time of sunrise. They are so named from the false belief of ancient authors that the Babylonians divided the day into 24 parts, beginning at sunrise. In fact, they divided the day into 12 parts (called
2057:
as part of a fourth of the day. The first hour of the first half of daytime was 7 am; 1 pm the first hour of the latter half of daytime; 7 pm the first hour of the first half of nighttime; and 1 am the first hour of the latter half of nighttime. This system existed in the
1140:
In ancient and medieval cultures, the counting of hours generally started with sunrise. Before the widespread use of artificial light, societies were more concerned with the division between night and day, and daily routines often began when light was sufficient.
648:
or nocturnal watches or guards of the soldiers. The night from six o'clock in the evening to six o'clock in the morning was divided into four watches or vigils of three hours each, the first, the second, the third, and the fourth vigil.
1364:, counting the hours starts at midnight, and hours are numbered from 0 to 23. Solar noon is always close to 12:00, again differing according to the equation of time. At the equinoxes sunrise is around 06:00, and sunset around 18:00.
555:, shorter in the summer than in the winter. Subsequently the day was divided into intervals as well, which eventually became more important than the nightly intervals. These subdivisions of a day spread to Greece, and later to Rome.
550:
before the sunrise, and the appearance of 12 constellations across the night sky, to which the
Egyptians assigned some significance. Influenced by this, the Egyptians divided the night into 12 equal intervals. These were
810:
to describe one minute or second of arc, respectively. In present terms, the
Babylonian degree of time was thus four minutes long, the "minute" of time was thus four seconds long and the "second" 1/15 of a second.
939:. The irregularities of this time system were so minor that most clocks reckoning such hours did not need adjustment. However, scientific measurements eventually became precise enough to note the effect of
5605:
1572:
to determine the hours. These were filled to the brim at sunset and the hour determined by comparing the water level against one of its 12 gauges, one for each month of the year. During the
1094:
Top view of an equatorial sundial. The hour lines are spaced equally about the circle, and the shadow of the gnomon (a thin cylindrical rod) rotates uniformly. The height of the gnomon is
1178:) in a variety of texts. The Talmudic hour is one twelfth of time elapsed from sunrise to sunset, day hours therefore being longer than night hours in the summer; in winter they reverse.
5528:
1305:
For many centuries, up to 1925, astronomers counted the hours and days from noon, because it was the easiest solar event to measure accurately. An advantage of this method (used in the
1297:) is to be performed between just after sunset and the end of twilight. Until 1968 Saudi Arabia used the system of counting 24 equal hours with the first hour starting at sunset.
1241:
and noon was in the 15th hour. Sunset was always at the end of the 24th hour. The clocks in church towers struck only from 1 to 12, thus only during night or early morning hours.
640:
wrote of the practice of
Morning and Evening Prayer, and of the prayers at the third, sixth and ninth hours. In the early church, during the night before every feast, a
1791:
difference between the solstices evenly throughout the year, one every nine days. During the night, time was more commonly reckoned during the night by the "watches"
905:
began to be used to show hours of daylight or nighttime, their period needed to be changed every morning and evening (for example, by changing the length of their
3494:
3266:
3478:
1540:
between years.) Each night, the rising of eleven of these decans were noted, separating the night into 12 divisions whose middle terms would have lasted about 40
1394:
5521:
1046:
In modern life, the ubiquity of clocks and other timekeeping devices means that segmentation of days according to their hours is commonplace. Most forms of
6581:
520:("military time") are expressed as "hundred" or "hundred hours". (1000 is read "ten hundred" or "ten hundred hours"; 10 pm would be "twenty-two hundred".)
1255:
The system of
Italian hours can be seen on a number of clocks in Europe, where the dial is numbered from 1 to 24 in either Roman or Arabic numerals. The
1252:
by the 14th century and lasted until the mid-18th century; it was officially abolished in 1755, or in some regions customary until the mid-19th century.
3262:
1118:
and modern astronomical equipment (and the telegraph or similar means to transfer a time signal in a split-second), this issue is much less relevant.
570:
sunrise again in 12 "seasonal hours". Initially, only the day was divided into 12 seasonal hours and the night into three or four night watches.
6059:
470:
5514:
5091:
4927:
1583:
marked with ten equal divisions. The morning and evening periods when the sundials failed to note time were observed as the first and last hours.
1450:
4556:
4497:
4417:
3173:
6028:
4098:
6630:
3225:
1953:
era, but the sections that would have covered them are missing from their official histories; they first appear in official use in the
6297:
909:). The use of 24 hours for the entire day meant hours varied much less and the clocks needed to be adjusted only a few times a month.
5779:
4349:
4268:
4245:
4220:
4026:
3378:
2270:
1423:
1023:(UTC), used as the basis of most civil time, has lasted 3,601 seconds 27 times since 1972 in order to keep it within 0.9 seconds of
4360:
1244:
This manner of counting hours had the advantage that everyone could easily know how much time they had to finish their day's work
6487:
1074:
cover the times of day when commuting slows down due to congestion or alcoholic drinks being available at discounted prices. The
599:
in Athens during the first century BCE. This structure tracked a 24-hour day using both sundials and mechanical hour indicators.
62:
2909:
2886:
2884:
2866:
2846:
2836:
2818:
2807:
2802:
2781:
2773:
2768:
2750:
2742:
2737:
2716:
2714:
2706:
2701:
2675:
2670:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2614:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2583:
2579:
2574:
2552:
2547:
2529:
2521:
2516:
5041:
4696:
3299:
2838:
2804:
2770:
2739:
2703:
2672:
2639:
2603:
2576:
2549:
2518:
1663:
2936:, "A water clock holds the water in a copper pot and notes the marks by a rule. There are 100 marks which represent the day".
1536:"), one for each of the ten-day "weeks" of their civil calendar. (12 sets of alternate "triangle decans" were used for the 5
6591:
5852:
4920:
2912:
2911:
2891:
2889:
2848:
2843:
2841:
2815:
2812:
2809:
2784:
2778:
2775:
2747:
2744:
2719:
2711:
2708:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2652:
2650:
2644:
2617:
2608:
2580:
2556:
2553:
2526:
2524:
1938:
1373:
302:
57:
2619:
272:
of the day as measured from noon to noon; the minor seasonal variations of this unit were eventually smoothed by making it
6306:
6033:
898:
ordered their reformation for the
Catholic Church in 1963, though they continue to be observed in the Orthodox churches.
624:
three times a day; this practice found its way into the canonical hours as well. By the second and third centuries, such
5003:
2225:
3710:
5988:
5968:
5914:
5799:
5635:
5294:
4489:
1586:
The
Egyptian hours were closely connected both with the priesthood of the gods and with their divine services. By the
4295:
1309:
system, in which a new Julian Day begins at noon) is that the date doesn't change during a single night's observing.
5206:
5655:
5640:
5578:
5557:
4646:
4626:
3193:
1537:
1020:
959:
305:
of time defined as 3,600 atomic seconds. However, on rare occasions an hour may incorporate a positive or negative
3546:
1576:, another system of decans was used, made up of 24 stars over the course of the year and 12 within any one night.
5809:
5620:
5357:
5086:
4636:
4549:
4177:
3138:
2346:
2306:
1892:
1813:
1776:
1736:
463:
6545:
5056:
4231:
2015:
has been credited to the example set by the rough number of lunar cycles in a solar year, although the 12-year
771:
4006:
290:
in the Earth's rotation, the hour was finally separated from the Earth's rotation and defined in terms of the
37:
3578:"Nach langem stillen Stauen trennten wir uns, da es fernher 7 schlug, nach unserer Uhr 12 Uhr Mitternacht." (
6586:
6069:
5847:
5749:
5665:
5660:
5312:
4963:
1517:
1499:
376:
4445:
3579:
6635:
6290:
4666:
4291:
1858:
1494:
lids—variously known as "diagonal calendars" or "star clocks"—attest that there were exactly 12 of these.
3711:"Why is a minute divided into 60 seconds, an hour into 60 minutes, yet there are only 24 hours in a day?"
3019:
3005:
644:
was kept. The word "Vigils", at first applied to the Night Office, comes from a Latin source, namely the
546:
was, and still is, an important annual event, crucial for agriculture. It was accompanied by the rise of
6222:
5127:
5072:
5026:
5011:
4656:
4405:
4393:
3428:
3304:
3013:
1873:
823:
629:
611:
588:
333:
20:
1209:
was measured with a bowl with a hole placed in still water. Time taken for this graduated bowl was one
658:
were originally personifications of seasonal aspects of nature, not of the time of day. The list of 12
1668:
6049:
5963:
5789:
5650:
5378:
5347:
4796:
4691:
4542:
3440:
3402:
2477:
2386:
2322:
2165:
1529:
1330:
1185:
was used to indicate an hour. The time was measured based on the length of the shadow at day time. A
1132:
sometimes show the hour length and count using some of these older definitions and counting methods.
803:
584:
543:
2487:, strangely, he abandoned that style, perhaps under influence of contemporary trends at end of 19th
1321:, counting the hours starts at midnight and restarts at noon. Hours are numbered 12, 1, 2, ..., 11.
806:, where the corresponding terms denoted the time required for the Sun's apparent motion through the
6571:
6259:
6054:
5909:
5774:
5726:
5595:
5252:
4711:
4671:
4303:. Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization. Vol. 26. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
2230:
2113:
2087:
2074:
and is uncommon there now. The Thai system remains in informal use in the form codified in 1901 by
2050:
2032:
1591:
1036:
456:
287:
178:
3582:, am 10. Dezember 1826 aus Rom nach einem nächtlichen Besuch des Kolosseums vier Tage zuvor). In:
2062:, deriving its current phrasing from the practice of publicly announcing the daytime hours with a
6234:
6008:
5932:
5862:
5201:
5179:
5046:
4870:
4841:
4776:
4769:
3600:
3456:
2969:
2201:
2169:
2075:
1705:
1129:
940:
607:
596:
574:
459:
3114:
3112:
1256:
2255:, the amount of work performed by the average worker in one hour, used in productivity analysis
1498:
writes that it is "certain" this duodecimal division of the night followed the adoption of the
6609:
6495:
6283:
6082:
5947:
5764:
5282:
5161:
5061:
4914:
4817:
4721:
4493:
4413:
4345:
4264:
4241:
4216:
4161:
4110:
4022:
3583:
3509:"Non-SI Units Accepted for Use with the SI, and Units Based on Fundamental Constants (contd.)"
3508:
3488:
3374:
3353:
3197:
3169:
2444:
2341:
2178:
2059:
1756:
1442:
1283:
1019:
1900. Its hours are a secondary unit computed as precisely 3,600 seconds. However, an hour of
955:
932:
211:
5495:
4072:
3163:
927:
The minor irregularities of the apparent solar day were smoothed by measuring time using the
6227:
5973:
5952:
5904:
5867:
5680:
5400:
5388:
5216:
5184:
5016:
4885:
4801:
4791:
4706:
4372:
4206:
4014:
3686:
3448:
3410:
2483:
2356:
2310:
2274:
2182:
2149:
2071:
1989:
1918:
1794:
1717:
1495:
1334:
1090:
1058:
labour, involve compensation based upon measured or expected hours worked. The fight for an
621:
4139:
3671:
3644:
3626:
6362:
5958:
5937:
5769:
5741:
5462:
5327:
5304:
5272:
5224:
5211:
5174:
5156:
4786:
4781:
2207:
1525:
1063:
967:
891:
859:
839:
827:
819:
779:
757:
603:
4428:
1032:
3444:
3406:
1996:, with the first half noted as its "starting" and the second as "completed" or "proper"
6515:
6447:
6254:
6013:
6003:
5942:
5899:
5731:
5721:
5690:
5590:
5562:
5405:
5395:
5194:
5066:
5036:
5021:
4806:
4764:
4759:
4631:
4511:
4215:. Memoirs of the APS. Vol. 214. Philadelphia, PA: American Philosophical Society.
2401:
2284:
2280:
2258:
2217:
2191:
2020:
1950:
1922:
1843:
1760:
1350:
1342:
1109:
1059:
1028:
928:
831:
663:
625:
344:
318:
283:
2293:, a measure of working time used in various regulations, such as those distinguishing
1078:
for the greatest distance travelled by a cyclist within the span of an hour is one of
6624:
6576:
6500:
6437:
6427:
6141:
6092:
6077:
6023:
5794:
5630:
5625:
5541:
5485:
5435:
5383:
5317:
5289:
5277:
5267:
5257:
5139:
4983:
4909:
4858:
4811:
4726:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4609:
4283:
4237:
3460:
3293:
3189:
2932:
2481:
midnight is announced by the bell striking six times, not 12. But in his last opera,
2298:
2294:
2290:
2264:
2246:
2236:
1962:
1711:
1648:
1550:
1471:
1456:
1361:
1318:
1286:) hours (also called small clock or civic hours) began as early as the 16th century.
1279:
1171:
1157:
1008:
922:
552:
517:
502:
410:
298:
241:
166:
1236:
time", "Italian hours", or "old Czech time", the first hour started with the sunset
419:
6520:
6477:
6462:
6417:
6397:
6314:
6239:
6126:
6121:
6116:
6103:
5842:
5457:
5451:
5117:
5051:
4973:
4904:
4853:
4701:
4641:
3512:
3474:
2396:
2327:
2302:
2117:
1985:
1977:
1954:
1942:
1524:
in each of its years. The coffin diagrams show that the Egyptians took note of the
1513:
963:
918:
762:
4257:
4018:
368:
150:
5506:
4339:
4210:
2949:, but this was much later than their lunar calendar and initially named after it.
830:. During daylight, these followed the pattern set by the three-hour bells of the
6392:
6347:
6249:
6244:
5889:
5872:
5804:
5784:
5670:
5552:
5467:
5445:
5352:
5337:
5132:
5112:
5102:
5031:
4988:
4968:
4897:
4716:
4618:
4263:. Very Short Introductions. Vol. 133. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
2421:
2391:
2242:
2221:
2197:
2174:
1958:
1946:
1888:
1809:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1768:
1764:
1732:
1697:
1692:
1599:
1587:
1573:
1569:
1306:
1079:
1075:
835:
309:, effectively making it appear to last 3,599 or 3,601 seconds, in order to keep
306:
3452:
1623:
from their role protecting the dead through these gates. The Egyptian word for
6264:
6217:
6201:
6087:
5993:
5814:
5675:
5645:
5583:
5362:
5262:
5169:
5144:
4947:
4731:
3371:
Scandalous Error: Calendar Reform and Calendrical Astronomy in Medieval Europe
2946:
2381:
2213:
2011:
As with the Egyptian night and daytime hours, the division of the day into 12
2000:. In modern China, these are instead simply numbered and described as "little
1966:
1755:
running from midnight to midnight. The system is said to have been used since
1651:
1624:
1487:
1322:
1167:
1071:
1051:
1047:
895:
791:
637:
592:
380:
361:
4529:
1035:. The addition of these seconds accommodates the very gradual slowing of the
998:
6457:
6372:
6161:
5998:
5882:
5857:
5837:
5754:
5706:
5700:
5685:
5425:
5342:
4978:
4890:
4865:
4846:
4736:
4376:
4194:
3349:
2471:
2350:
2168:(ACH), a measure of the replacements of air within a defined space used for
2137:
1468:
1405:
1326:
1221:
1121:
1067:
787:
767:
4524:
3018:, London: N. Trübner & Co. for the Early English Text Society, p.
6337:
6196:
6176:
6018:
5924:
5824:
5615:
5610:
4993:
4754:
4746:
4604:
4594:
2376:
2252:
2046:
2038:
1245:
1055:
936:
887:
807:
249:
154:
112:
1921:
and sometimes also known by the name of the corresponding animal of the
6525:
6510:
6452:
6382:
6377:
6327:
6191:
6181:
6111:
5983:
5894:
5759:
5332:
5322:
5244:
5235:
5220:
5122:
5107:
4952:
4875:
4584:
3244:
2488:
2109:
2092:
2016:
1837:
1701:
1685:
1673:
1580:
1338:
1294:
1290:
1272:
1268:
1237:
1125:
906:
867:
815:
616:
485:
229:
3414:
3212:
from Homer downwards, the Greeks divided the night into three watches.
2239:(kWh), a measure of energy commonly used as an electrical billing unit
1879:
1864:
1800:
1723:
972:
501:
is typically expressed in English in terms of hours. Whole hours on a
6540:
6442:
6352:
6332:
6322:
6186:
6136:
6131:
5430:
4589:
4359:
Sōma, Mitsuru; Kinaki Kawabata; Kiyotaka Tanikawa (25 October 2004).
3319:
2440:
1902:
1833:
1823:
1746:
1647:
include one or three stars, with the later solar hours including the
1612:
1604:
1565:
1544:
1533:
1491:
1446:
1264:
1012:
879:
875:
799:
795:
775:
667:
633:
547:
477:
448:
291:
245:
200:
141:
122:
4309:
4011:
Alexandrea ad Aegyptvm: The legacy of multiculturalismo in antiquity
4386:
Observations and Predications of Eclipse Times by Early Astronomers
3292: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
3199:
A Lexicon Abridged from Liddell & Scott's Greek-English Lexicon
2976:, Paris: International Bureau of Weights and Measures, October 1948
1325:
is always close to 12 noon (ignoring artificial adjustments due to
6555:
6550:
6535:
6412:
6407:
6402:
6387:
6342:
6166:
5978:
5877:
5832:
5440:
5189:
4880:
4836:
4828:
2466:
2462:
2370:
2105:
2097:
2091:
1691:
1667:
1608:
1521:
1260:
1249:
1233:
1220:
1113:
Planispheric astrolabe designed for the latitude of Varese (Italy)
1108:
1089:
1040:
944:
902:
883:
847:
761:
654:
641:
564:
399:
225:
149:
2008:
is now used to count quarter-hours, rather than a separate unit.
1603:
were said to guard the gates of each hour of the underworld, and
6472:
6467:
6171:
6156:
5600:
5537:
4579:
4565:
3964:
3962:
3960:
3935:
3933:
3893:
3891:
3889:
3887:
2448:
2067:
2063:
2054:
2042:
1981:
1579:
The later division of the day into 12 hours was accomplished by
1226:
948:
855:
490:
452:
437:
429:
348:
182:
72:
43:
6279:
5510:
4538:
4344:. Kolkata, IN: Government of India Central Publication Branch.
3874:
3872:
3870:
2152:
followed a similar system but called their sixtieth of a day a
1937:
am but was reckoned as starting at midnight by the time of the
392:
384:
6505:
6432:
6422:
6151:
4325:
Rogers, J.H. (1998). "Origins of the ancient constellations".
4201:. University of Michigan. 20 September 2014. version 1.1.
3431:; Louay J. Fatoohi (May 1994). "The Babylonian Unit of Time".
2187:
1832:
of the guard, which were reckoned as a fifth of the time from
1787:, the Chinese measured their day schematically, adding the 20-
1377:
1105:
near 57.5°, roughly the latitude of Aberdeen or Sitka, Alaska.
1024:
966:
between 1794 and 1800. Under its provisions, the French hour (
814:
In medieval Europe, the Roman hours continued to be marked on
314:
310:
196:
3393:
Correll, Malcolm (November 1977). "Early Time Measurements".
1961:. Variations of all these units were subsequently adopted by
1590:, each hour was conceived as a specific region of the sky or
578:
577:
the night was also divided into 12 hours. The day-and-night (
447:
was originally a vaguer word for any span of time, including
417:
4209:(1995). "Volume II: Calendars, clocks, and astronomy".
2491:
when he composed it, and the midnight bell strikes 12 times.
6275:
3520:, Paris: International Bureau of Weights and Measures, 2014
3243:
Liddell, Henry George; Scott, Robert; Jones, Henry Stuart.
1595:
1015:, defined since 1952 in terms of the Earth's rotation in AD
207:). There are 60 minutes in an hour, and 24 hours in a day.
204:
5606:
International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service
3920:
3918:
3734:
3732:
3730:
986:
of the day and divided formally into 100 decimal minutes (
4310:"The Taiping Jing and the A.D. 102 clepsydra reform"
3845:
3843:
2144:
of about the same duration, each divided in turn into 60
1520:
presumably long predated this and also would have had 12
662:
representing the 12 hours of the day is recorded only in
2210:(hph), a measure of energy used in the railroad industry
2204:'s contracted instructional time per week for a semester
1854:
but also began to divide the day into 12 "double hours"
1639:", as it were "one of the hours". The earliest forms of
1213:. Kings usually had an officer in charge of this clock.
4534:
3529:
3527:
1976:
supposedly began to be divided into 24 hours under the
1401:
4486:
History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders
4144:. Delhi, India: Ajanta Publications. pp. 119–122.
2501:
1641:
1629:
1617:
1461:
317:, the latter of which is based on measurements of the
2070:. It was abolished in Laos and Cambodia during their
4157:
3951:
3358:. Translated by Sachau, C. Edward. pp. 147–149.
2901:
2876:
2858:
2828:
2794:
2760:
2729:
2693:
2662:
2629:
2593:
2566:
2539:
2508:
1278:
Its replacement by the more practical division into
513:. (10 am and 10 pm are both read as "ten o'clock".)
468:
6564:
6486:
6361:
6313:
6210:
6101:
6068:
6042:
5923:
5823:
5740:
5714:
5571:
5418:
5371:
5303:
5243:
5233:
5155:
5082:
5002:
4943:
4827:
4745:
4655:
4617:
4603:
4572:
4007:"A Timeless Legacy: the Calendars of Ancient Egypt"
2053:. This reckons each of a day's 24 hours apart from
1293:
day begins at sunset. The first prayer of the day (
1263:in Prague are famous examples. It was also used in
129:
108:
86:
78:
68:
56:
51:
30:
4471:. Singapore: Tien Wah Press / Thames & Hudson.
4256:
3308:. Vol. 10. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
2461:There is a trace of that system, for instance, in
337:
4365:Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
4013:. Porto: Edições Afrontamento. pp. 283–301.
3202:(20 ed.). Harper & Brothers. p. 469
2330:or deciday, a French Revolutionary unit lasting 2
1988:. In that work, the hours were known by the same
1337:by as much as fifteen minutes either way. At the
4469:The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt
4439:] (in Thai). Bangkok, TH: Prae Pitaya Press.
3878:
3618:
3616:
3614:
3566:
3373:, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 126,
2945:The late classical Indians also began to reckon
2049:, the traditional system of noting hours is the
886:precede these irregularly in the morning hours;
157:to 1 a.m. on a 24-hour clock with a digital face
4327:Journal of the British Astronomical Association
4230:Dershowitz, Nachum; Edward M. Reingold (2008).
4199:The Baxter-Sagart reconstruction of Old Chinese
1945:. These apparently began to be used during the
1349:, before noon), and sunset around 6 p.m. (
890:follows them irregularly before sleep; and the
46:) to 1 on a 12-hour clock with an analogue face
4462:. London, UK: Wells, Gardner, Darton & Co.
4388:. Amsterdam, NL: Kluwer Academic Publications.
4259:The History of Time: A Very Short Introduction
3992:
3980:
3968:
3939:
3897:
3267:National Institute of Standards and Technology
2373:, the deified hours of ancient Greece and Rome
951:, which gradually lengthens the Earth's days.
818:but the more important units of time were the
583:) was probably first divided into 24 hours by
6291:
5522:
4550:
3588:Carl Oesterley – Briefe aus Italien 1826-1828
3165:The History and Practice of Ancient Astronomy
1877:
1862:
1798:
1721:
8:
4429:"ทุ่ม-โมง-นาฬิกา [Thum-Mong-Nalika]"
4400:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
4084:
3137:Andrewes, William J. H. (February 1, 2006).
2249:per hour, used for maritime and aerial speed
2224:passing through a certain point used in the
1696:A reconstruction of another kind of Chinese
996:
988:
199:and defined contemporarily as exactly 3,600
6582:Historical definitions of the SI base units
4187:Baxter, William H.; Laurent Sagart (2014).
4109:, 29 July 1901, p. 206, archived from
3636:
3634:
3601:"Saudi Aramco World : Dinner At When?"
1467:at some time before the compilation of the
1148:or "double hours") or into 60 equal parts.
403:
6298:
6284:
6276:
5529:
5515:
5507:
5240:
4614:
4557:
4543:
4535:
4361:"Units of Time in Ancient China and Japan"
3849:
3493:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2905:
2880:
2862:
2832:
2798:
2764:
2733:
2697:
2666:
2633:
2597:
2570:
2543:
2512:
1980:, although they are first attested in the
1205:(snap of a finger or instant) per minute.
505:are expressed using the contracted phrase
286:. Since this unit was not constant due to
210:The hour was initially established in the
36:
27:
3738:
2450:...Þos laste on ure habbeþ i-travailed...
1424:Learn how and when to remove this message
1181:The Indic day began at sunrise. The term
63:Non-SI units accepted for use with the SI
6060:International Commission on Stratigraphy
4410:Historical Supernovae and their Remnants
4398:Historical Eclipses and Earth's Rotation
4153:
4151:
3924:
3909:
3514:The International System of Units (SI),
2023:and Babylonian reckoning of the zodiac.
1368:History of timekeeping in other cultures
1027:, which is based on measurements of the
1011:bases its measurements of time upon the
4412:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
3682:
3667:
3640:
3622:
3168:. Oxford University Press. p. 95.
2961:
2413:
1451:History of timekeeping devices in Egypt
1395:not related to the topic of the article
674:were added to the original set of ten:
4341:The Siddhantas and the Indian Calendar
4191:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
4182:. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
4068:
4056:
3861:
3697:
3655:
3533:
3486:
2273:(p/h/d), a measure of the capacity of
2190:-hour, a measure of power used in the
2124:). This was variously divided into 30
354:, first attested in the 13th century.
4530:Accurate time vs. PC Clock Difference
3834:
3822:
3810:
3798:
3786:
3774:
3762:
3750:
3590:. Frankfurt am Main 2013, S. 33.
2424:added to UTC have all been additions.
2216:, a measure of the angle between the
1490:), diagrams of stars inside Egyptian
931:, using the Sun's movement along the
7:
5491:
3433:Journal for the History of Astronomy
3336:
2974:Resolutions of the CGPM: 9th Meeting
2194:and for air conditioners and heaters
2140:was later similarly divided into 60
2019:orbital cycle was more important to
1779:. It was measured with sundials and
1627:, used as a synonym for priest, was
1615:) were also sometimes referenced as
4255:Holford-Strevens, Leofranc (2005).
3547:"Different Classification of Hours"
1512:BC on the basis of analyses of the
3480:Constitution on the Sacred Liturgy
960:general decimalisation of measures
778:, with larger crosses marking the
14:
5780:Discrete time and continuous time
4484:Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996).
4308:Petersen, Jens Østergård (1992).
4189:Old Chinese: A New Reconstruction
3355:The Chronology of Ancient Nations
3302:". In Herbermann, Charles (ed.).
2271:passengers per hour per direction
1912:
1714:divided its day into 100 "marks"
994:) and informally into 10 tenths (
693:(morning hour of music and study)
620:recommends disciples to pray the
90:
6605:
6604:
5705:
5699:
5490:
5481:
5480:
3287:
1382:
1248:. It was already widely used in
1166:This is also the system used in
16:Unit of time equal to 60 minutes
4427:Thongprasert, Chamnong (1985).
3369:Nothaft, C. Philipp E. (2018),
3118:
3093:
3067:
3049:
3031:
2986:
2947:years based on the Jovian cycle
2261:(m/h), a measure of slow speeds
2233:(km/h), a measure of land speed
2066:and the nighttime hours with a
1965:and the other countries of the
1684:illustrating his clocktower at
1664:Traditional Chinese timekeeping
1341:sunrise is around 6 a.m. (
670:. The first and twelfth of the
6592:System of units of measurement
5853:History of timekeeping devices
4508:Astronomy before the Telescope
4467:Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003).
4297:The Calendars of Ancient Egypt
4240:: Cambridge University Press.
4005:Canhão, Telo Ferreira (2013).
2301:employment and those limiting
2267:(mph), a measure of land speed
1459:began dividing the night into
1374:History of timekeeping devices
1333:), differing according to the
1225:Sundial with Italian hours in
834:, which were succeeded by the
717:(libations poured after lunch)
591:oversaw the construction of a
375:. The Anglo-Norman term was a
1:
4179:The Oxford English Dictionary
4019:10.14195/978-989-26-0966-9_20
3226:"15 Mode of Calculating Time"
3004:Morris, Richard, ed. (1872),
2930:According to the 2nd-century
2434:
1555:
1503:
1404:or discuss this issue on the
838:of local churches. They rang
794:, divided the hour into 60
786:Medieval astronomers such as
4170:General and cited references
4141:Mensuration in Ancient India
4138:Srinivasan, Saradha (1979).
3139:"A Chronicle Of Timekeeping"
2226:equatorial coordinate system
1941:, compiled during the early
1759:, credited to the legendary
5800:Gravitational time dilation
5636:Barycentric Coordinate Time
5295:Geological history of Earth
4490:University of Chicago Press
4286:: Harvard University Press.
4158:Dershowitz & al. (2008)
3952:Stephenson & al. (2002)
2359:, a proposed unit lasting 1
2287:used for engines' fuel flow
2200:, a measure of an academic
1763:, but is first attested in
1066:around the world. Informal
705:(morning hour of ablutions)
6652:
6631:Orders of magnitude (time)
5656:Geocentric Coordinate Time
5641:Barycentric Dynamical Time
5579:Coordinated Universal Time
4647:Orders of magnitude (time)
4506:Christopher Walker (ed.),
4447:Middle Egyptian Dictionary
4408:; Green, David A. (2002).
4320:. Copenhagen, DK: 122–158.
3453:10.1177/002182869402500203
2085:
2030:
1661:
1440:
1371:
1155:
1021:Coordinated Universal Time
916:
755:
699:(morning hour of exercise)
579:
562:
469:
418:
18:
6600:
5810:Time-translation symmetry
5697:
5621:International Atomic Time
5548:
5476:
5358:Time translation symmetry
4458:Wall, J. Charles (1912).
4371:(5). Tokyo, JP: 887–904.
4278:Landes, David S. (1983).
3298:Cabrol, Fernand (1911). "
3178:– via Google Books.
3015:An Old English Miscellany
2128:of 48 minutes each or 60
1878:
1863:
1799:
1722:
292:atomic or physical second
214:as a variable measure of
185:historically reckoned as
104:
35:
6546:minute and second of arc
4233:Calendrical Calculations
4212:Ancient Egyptian Science
2507:is written variously as
2136:of 24 minutes each. The
2100:of the Greeks and Romans
1275:until the 17th century.
1246:without artificial light
1197:per day, 60 minutes per
332:is a development of the
6587:2019 revision of the SI
6070:Astronomical chronology
6043:Archaeology and geology
5750:Absolute space and time
5666:IERS Reference Meridian
5661:International Date Line
5572:International standards
5313:Absolute space and time
4964:Astronomical chronology
4338:Sewell, Robert (1924).
4292:Parker, Richard Anthony
4097:"ประกาศใช้ทุ่มโมงยาม",
3879:Baxter & al. (2014)
3605:archive.aramcoworld.com
3567:Holford-Strevens (2005)
3265:. A Walk Through Time.
3249:A Greek-English Lexicon
2502:
2449:
1672:A Chinese diagram from
1642:
1630:
1618:
1500:Egyptian civil calendar
1462:
1170:and frequently called "
962:was enacted, including
587:. The Greek astronomer
438:
430:
393:
385:
349:
338:
5363:Time reversal symmetry
4667:Italian six-hour clock
4406:Stephenson, F. Richard
4394:Stephenson, F. Richard
4195:"parts available here"
3483:, Vatican City, §89(d)
3006:"Old Kentish Sermons (
2101:
1929:originally ran from 11
1708:
1689:
1354:
1346:
1313:Counting from midnight
1229:
1114:
1106:
997:
989:
971:
935:rather than along the
783:
404:
313:within 0.9 seconds of
158:
6029:Weekday determination
5915:Sundial markup schema
5128:Time and fate deities
5073:The Unreality of Time
5012:A series and B series
4384:Steele, J.M. (2000).
4377:10.1093/pasj/56.5.887
3993:Sōma & al. (2004)
3981:Sōma & al. (2004)
3969:Sōma & al. (2004)
3940:Sōma & al. (2004)
3898:Sōma & al. (2004)
3429:F. Richard Stephenson
3305:Catholic Encyclopedia
3190:Liddell, Henry George
3162:Evans, James (1998).
2275:public transportation
2095:
1695:
1671:
1441:Further information:
1393:may contain material
1372:Further information:
1224:
1112:
1093:
1082:'s greatest honours.
765:
729:(eating and pleasure)
630:Clement of Alexandria
612:Second Temple Judaism
589:Andronicus of Cyrrhus
563:Further information:
542:In ancient Egypt the
398:, which derived from
153:
21:Hour (disambiguation)
6488:Other accepted units
6050:Chronological dating
5790:Theory of relativity
5651:Daylight saving time
5379:Chronological dating
5348:Theory of relativity
4692:Daylight saving time
4512:British Museum Press
4444:Vygus, Mark (2015),
2478:Un ballo in maschera
2387:Liturgy of the Hours
2291:work or working hour
2283:(PPH), a measure of
2166:air changes per hour
1564:BC), the priests at
1402:improve this section
1331:daylight saving time
1217:Counting from sunset
804:Babylonian astronomy
802:; this derives from
766:A 7th-century Saxon
606:were inherited into
585:Hipparchus of Nicaea
544:flooding of the Nile
524:quarter till ten".)
288:long term variations
19:For other uses, see
6572:Conversion of units
6260:Time value of money
6055:Geologic time scale
5910:History of sundials
5775:Cosmological decade
5727:Greenwich Mean Time
5558:Orders of magnitude
4672:Thai six-hour clock
4460:Porches & Fonts
4087:, pp. 229–237.
4085:Thongprasert (1985)
3715:Scientific American
3477:(4 December 1963),
3445:1994JHA....25...99S
3407:1977PhTea..15..476C
3395:The Physics Teacher
3143:Scientific American
2420:Since 1972, the 27
2245:(kn), a measure of
2231:kilometres per hour
2177:(Ah), a measure of
2088:Hindu units of time
2033:Thai six-hour clock
2021:traditional Chinese
1773:2nd-century history
1259:in Venice, and the
1130:astronomical clocks
457:Proto-Indo-European
173:; also abbreviated
99:... is equal to ...
52:General information
6365:with special names
6235:Mental chronometry
5863:Marine chronometer
5715:Obsolete standards
5202:Rosy retrospection
5180:Mental chronometry
5004:Philosophy of time
4280:Revolution in Time
4044:Taoism and Science
2170:indoor air quality
2102:
2076:King Chulalongkorn
1949:that preceded the
1709:
1690:
1301:Counting from noon
1230:
1189:translated to 2.5
1136:Counting from dawn
1115:
1107:
941:tidal deceleration
784:
735:(start of evening)
608:early Christianity
597:Tower of the Winds
575:Hellenistic period
159:
137:
131:
118:
110:
6618:
6617:
6496:astronomical unit
6273:
6272:
6083:Nuclear timescale
5765:Continuous signal
5504:
5503:
5414:
5413:
5389:Circadian rhythms
5207:Tense–aspect–mood
5062:Temporal finitism
4939:
4938:
4915:Grandfather clock
4499:978-0-226-15510-4
4419:978-0-19-850766-6
4207:Clagett, Marshall
3954:, pp. 15–16.
3850:Stephenson (1997)
3584:Herrmann Zschoche
3549:. Math.nus.edu.sg
3415:10.1119/1.2339739
3230:Histories, Book 9
3175:978-0-19-509539-5
3076:, & o'clock,
2920:
2919:
2916:
2915:
2899:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2874:
2873:
2870:
2869:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2851:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2792:
2791:
2788:
2787:
2758:
2757:
2754:
2753:
2727:
2726:
2723:
2722:
2691:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2660:
2659:
2656:
2655:
2627:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2591:
2590:
2587:
2586:
2564:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2537:
2536:
2533:
2532:
2445:Sexagesima Sunday
2408:Explanatory notes
2342:Equinoctial hours
2179:electrical charge
2122:nakṣatra ahorātra
2072:French occupation
2060:Ayutthaya Kingdom
1905:
1891:
1876:
1861:
1846:continued to use
1826:
1812:
1749:
1735:
1682:Xinyi Xiangfa Yao
1502:, usually placed
1457:ancient Egyptians
1443:Egyptian calendar
1434:
1433:
1426:
956:French Revolution
933:celestial equator
509:, from the older
427:Like Old English
260:equinoctial hours
212:ancient Near East
148:
147:
87:Conversions
6643:
6608:
6607:
6300:
6293:
6286:
6277:
5974:Dominical letter
5905:Equation of time
5868:Marine sandglass
5709:
5703:
5681:Terrestrial Time
5538:Time measurement
5531:
5524:
5517:
5508:
5494:
5493:
5484:
5483:
5401:Glottochronology
5241:
5157:Human experience
5017:B-theory of time
4615:
4559:
4552:
4545:
4536:
4525:World time zones
4503:
4472:
4463:
4453:
4452:
4440:
4423:
4401:
4389:
4380:
4355:
4334:
4321:
4304:
4302:
4287:
4274:
4262:
4251:
4226:
4202:
4192:
4183:
4164:
4155:
4146:
4145:
4135:
4129:
4128:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4115:
4108:
4094:
4088:
4082:
4076:
4066:
4060:
4059:, pp. 9–28.
4054:
4048:
4047:
4042:Zai, J. (2015),
4039:
4033:
4032:
4002:
3996:
3990:
3984:
3978:
3972:
3966:
3955:
3949:
3943:
3937:
3928:
3922:
3913:
3907:
3901:
3895:
3882:
3876:
3865:
3859:
3853:
3847:
3838:
3832:
3826:
3820:
3814:
3808:
3802:
3796:
3790:
3784:
3778:
3772:
3766:
3760:
3754:
3748:
3742:
3739:Wilkinson (2003)
3736:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3721:
3707:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3680:
3674:
3665:
3659:
3658:, pp. 30–2.
3653:
3647:
3638:
3629:
3620:
3609:
3608:
3597:
3591:
3576:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3554:
3543:
3537:
3531:
3522:
3521:
3505:
3499:
3498:
3492:
3484:
3471:
3465:
3464:
3425:
3419:
3418:
3390:
3384:
3383:
3366:
3360:
3359:
3346:
3340:
3334:
3328:
3327:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3291:
3290:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3276:
3274:
3269:. 12 August 2009
3259:
3253:
3252:
3240:
3234:
3233:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3209:
3207:
3186:
3180:
3179:
3159:
3153:
3152:
3150:
3149:
3134:
3128:
3116:
3107:
3091:
3085:
3065:
3059:
3047:
3041:
3029:
3023:
3022:
3001:
2995:
2984:
2978:
2977:
2966:
2950:
2943:
2937:
2928:
2922:
2906:
2902:
2881:
2877:
2863:
2859:
2833:
2829:
2799:
2795:
2765:
2761:
2734:
2730:
2698:
2694:
2667:
2663:
2634:
2630:
2598:
2594:
2571:
2567:
2544:
2540:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2492:
2459:
2453:
2452:
2439:
2436:
2431:
2425:
2418:
2366:
2362:
2357:Hexadecimal hour
2337:
2333:
2311:hours of service
2183:electrochemistry
2160:Derived measures
1990:earthly branches
1936:
1932:
1919:earthly branches
1917:named after the
1916:
1914:
1910:
1901:
1899:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1882:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1867:
1857:
1831:
1822:
1820:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1757:remote antiquity
1754:
1745:
1743:
1731:
1729:
1727:
1726:
1679:
1645:
1633:
1621:
1607:and the rearing
1563:
1560:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1526:heliacal risings
1511:
1508:
1505:
1485:
1481:
1477:
1465:
1429:
1422:
1418:
1415:
1409:
1386:
1385:
1378:
1335:equation of time
1103:
1102:
1098:
1064:labour movements
1018:
1002:
992:
985:
984:
980:
901:When mechanical
873:
865:
853:
845:
770:on the porch at
614:. By AD 60, the
582:
581:
474:
473:
441:
433:
423:
422:
407:
396:
388:
352:
341:
281:
280:
276:
271:
270:
266:
236:, also known as
223:
222:
218:
194:
193:
189:
144:
138:
132:
125:
119:
111:
40:
28:
6651:
6650:
6646:
6645:
6644:
6642:
6641:
6640:
6621:
6620:
6619:
6614:
6596:
6577:Metric prefixes
6560:
6482:
6364:
6357:
6309:
6304:
6274:
6269:
6206:
6097:
6064:
6038:
5919:
5819:
5770:Coordinate time
5742:Time in physics
5736:
5710:
5704:
5695:
5567:
5544:
5535:
5505:
5500:
5472:
5463:Time immemorial
5410:
5367:
5328:Coordinate time
5299:
5253:Geological time
5229:
5212:Time management
5175:Generation time
5159:
5151:
5096:
5078:
4998:
4957:
4935:
4823:
4741:
4658:
4651:
4607:
4599:
4568:
4563:
4521:
4500:
4483:
4480:
4478:Further reading
4475:
4466:
4457:
4450:
4443:
4426:
4420:
4404:
4392:
4383:
4358:
4352:
4337:
4324:
4314:Acta Orientalia
4307:
4300:
4290:
4277:
4271:
4254:
4248:
4229:
4223:
4205:
4193:
4186:
4176:
4172:
4167:
4156:
4149:
4137:
4136:
4132:
4126:
4119:
4117:
4113:
4106:
4100:Royal Gazette,
4096:
4095:
4091:
4083:
4079:
4067:
4063:
4055:
4051:
4041:
4040:
4036:
4029:
4004:
4003:
3999:
3991:
3987:
3979:
3975:
3967:
3958:
3950:
3946:
3938:
3931:
3925:Petersen (1992)
3923:
3916:
3910:Petersen (1992)
3908:
3904:
3896:
3885:
3877:
3868:
3860:
3856:
3848:
3841:
3837:, p. 1240.
3833:
3829:
3825:, p. 1239.
3821:
3817:
3813:, p. 1235.
3809:
3805:
3797:
3793:
3785:
3781:
3773:
3769:
3761:
3757:
3749:
3745:
3737:
3728:
3719:
3717:
3709:
3708:
3704:
3696:
3692:
3681:
3677:
3666:
3662:
3654:
3650:
3639:
3632:
3621:
3612:
3599:
3598:
3594:
3577:
3573:
3565:
3561:
3552:
3550:
3545:
3544:
3540:
3532:
3525:
3507:
3506:
3502:
3485:
3473:
3472:
3468:
3427:
3426:
3422:
3392:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3368:
3367:
3363:
3348:
3347:
3343:
3335:
3331:
3318:
3317:
3313:
3297:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3272:
3270:
3261:
3260:
3256:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3223:
3222:
3218:
3205:
3203:
3188:
3187:
3183:
3176:
3161:
3160:
3156:
3147:
3145:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3117:
3110:
3092:
3088:
3066:
3062:
3048:
3044:
3030:
3026:
3003:
3002:
2998:
2985:
2981:
2968:
2967:
2963:
2959:
2954:
2953:
2944:
2940:
2929:
2925:
2910:
2890:
2885:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2808:
2803:
2774:
2769:
2743:
2738:
2715:
2707:
2702:
2676:
2671:
2651:
2643:
2638:
2618:
2607:
2602:
2575:
2548:
2525:
2517:
2499:
2495:
2460:
2456:
2437:
2432:
2428:
2419:
2415:
2410:
2364:
2360:
2335:
2331:
2319:
2208:horsepower-hour
2162:
2090:
2084:
2035:
2029:
1939:History of Song
1934:
1930:
1911:
1900:
1886:
1871:
1855:
1821:
1807:
1792:
1744:
1730:
1715:
1677:
1666:
1660:
1561:
1558:
1549:
1541:
1538:epagomenal days
1532:(now known as "
1528:of 36 stars or
1509:
1506:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1453:
1439:
1430:
1419:
1413:
1410:
1399:
1387:
1383:
1376:
1370:
1357:, after noon).
1315:
1303:
1257:St Mark's Clock
1219:
1193:. There are 60
1160:
1154:
1138:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1016:
990:minute décimale
982:
978:
977:
925:
917:Main articles:
915:
892:midnight office
871:
863:
851:
843:
828:Catholic Church
820:canonical hours
780:canonical hours
760:
758:Canonical hours
754:
604:canonical hours
567:
561:
540:
535:
530:
390:, a variant of
327:
301:, hours are an
278:
274:
273:
268:
264:
263:
220:
216:
215:
191:
187:
186:
139:
136:
130:
120:
117:
109:
47:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
6649:
6647:
6639:
6638:
6633:
6623:
6622:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6612:
6601:
6598:
6597:
6595:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6568:
6566:
6562:
6561:
6559:
6558:
6553:
6548:
6543:
6538:
6533:
6528:
6523:
6518:
6513:
6508:
6503:
6498:
6492:
6490:
6484:
6483:
6481:
6480:
6475:
6470:
6465:
6460:
6455:
6450:
6445:
6440:
6435:
6430:
6425:
6420:
6415:
6410:
6405:
6400:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6383:degree Celsius
6380:
6375:
6369:
6367:
6363:Derived units
6359:
6358:
6356:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6335:
6330:
6325:
6319:
6317:
6311:
6310:
6305:
6303:
6302:
6295:
6288:
6280:
6271:
6270:
6268:
6267:
6262:
6257:
6255:Time metrology
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6231:
6230:
6220:
6214:
6212:
6211:Related topics
6208:
6207:
6205:
6204:
6199:
6194:
6189:
6184:
6179:
6174:
6169:
6164:
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6124:
6119:
6114:
6108:
6106:
6099:
6098:
6096:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6074:
6072:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6046:
6044:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6036:
6031:
6026:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6006:
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5961:
5956:
5950:
5945:
5940:
5935:
5929:
5927:
5921:
5920:
5918:
5917:
5912:
5907:
5902:
5900:Dialing scales
5897:
5892:
5887:
5886:
5885:
5875:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5829:
5827:
5821:
5820:
5818:
5817:
5812:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5787:
5782:
5777:
5772:
5767:
5762:
5757:
5752:
5746:
5744:
5738:
5737:
5735:
5734:
5732:Prime meridian
5729:
5724:
5722:Ephemeris time
5718:
5716:
5712:
5711:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5693:
5691:180th meridian
5688:
5683:
5678:
5673:
5668:
5663:
5658:
5653:
5648:
5643:
5638:
5633:
5628:
5623:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5603:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5587:
5586:
5575:
5573:
5569:
5568:
5566:
5565:
5560:
5555:
5549:
5546:
5545:
5536:
5534:
5533:
5526:
5519:
5511:
5502:
5501:
5499:
5498:
5488:
5477:
5474:
5473:
5471:
5470:
5465:
5460:
5455:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5433:
5428:
5422:
5420:
5416:
5415:
5412:
5411:
5409:
5408:
5406:Time geography
5403:
5398:
5396:Clock reaction
5393:
5392:
5391:
5381:
5375:
5373:
5369:
5368:
5366:
5365:
5360:
5355:
5350:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5309:
5307:
5301:
5300:
5298:
5297:
5292:
5287:
5286:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5249:
5247:
5238:
5231:
5230:
5228:
5227:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5198:
5197:
5195:time signature
5192:
5182:
5177:
5172:
5166:
5164:
5153:
5152:
5150:
5149:
5148:
5147:
5137:
5136:
5135:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5099:
5097:
5095:
5094:
5089:
5083:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5069:
5067:Temporal parts
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5039:
5037:Eternal return
5034:
5029:
5024:
5022:Chronocentrism
5019:
5014:
5008:
5006:
5000:
4999:
4997:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4960:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4937:
4936:
4934:
4933:
4932:
4931:
4917:
4912:
4907:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4888:
4878:
4873:
4868:
4863:
4862:
4861:
4851:
4850:
4849:
4833:
4831:
4825:
4824:
4822:
4821:
4814:
4809:
4807:Hindu Panchang
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4767:
4762:
4751:
4749:
4743:
4742:
4740:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4663:
4661:
4653:
4652:
4650:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4623:
4621:
4612:
4601:
4600:
4598:
4597:
4592:
4587:
4582:
4576:
4574:
4570:
4569:
4564:
4562:
4561:
4554:
4547:
4539:
4533:
4532:
4527:
4520:
4519:External links
4517:
4516:
4515:
4504:
4498:
4479:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4464:
4455:
4441:
4424:
4418:
4402:
4390:
4381:
4356:
4350:
4335:
4322:
4305:
4288:
4275:
4269:
4252:
4246:
4227:
4221:
4203:
4184:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4165:
4147:
4130:
4116:on 9 June 2012
4089:
4077:
4061:
4049:
4034:
4027:
3997:
3995:, p. 896.
3985:
3983:, p. 904.
3973:
3971:, p. 888.
3956:
3944:
3942:, p. 889.
3929:
3927:, p. 125.
3914:
3912:, p. 129.
3902:
3900:, p. 887.
3883:
3866:
3854:
3839:
3827:
3815:
3803:
3801:, p. 412.
3791:
3789:, p. 410.
3779:
3777:, p. 409.
3767:
3765:, p. 408.
3755:
3753:, p. 400.
3743:
3726:
3702:
3690:
3683:Clagett (1995)
3675:
3668:Clagett (1995)
3660:
3648:
3641:Clagett (1995)
3630:
3623:Clagett (1995)
3610:
3592:
3580:Carl Oesterley
3571:
3559:
3538:
3523:
3500:
3466:
3420:
3401:(8): 476–479.
3385:
3379:
3361:
3341:
3329:
3311:
3280:
3263:"Early Clocks"
3254:
3235:
3216:
3181:
3174:
3154:
3129:
3108:
3086:
3060:
3042:
3024:
2996:
2979:
2970:"Resolution 7"
2960:
2958:
2955:
2952:
2951:
2938:
2923:
2918:
2917:
2914:
2913:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2892:
2887:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2867:
2854:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2819:
2816:
2813:
2810:
2805:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2771:
2756:
2755:
2752:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2740:
2725:
2724:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2709:
2704:
2689:
2688:
2685:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2673:
2658:
2657:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2645:
2640:
2625:
2624:
2621:
2620:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2604:
2589:
2588:
2585:
2584:
2581:
2577:
2562:
2561:
2558:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2535:
2534:
2531:
2530:
2527:
2522:
2519:
2493:
2454:
2426:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2405:
2404:
2402:Temporal hours
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2374:
2368:
2354:
2353:in photography
2344:
2339:
2325:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2313:
2288:
2285:mass flow rate
2281:pound per hour
2278:
2268:
2262:
2259:metre per hour
2256:
2250:
2247:nautical miles
2240:
2234:
2228:
2218:meridian plane
2211:
2205:
2195:
2192:power industry
2185:
2172:
2161:
2158:
2086:Main article:
2083:
2080:
2051:six-hour clock
2031:Main article:
2028:
2027:Southeast Asia
2025:
2004:". The modern
1951:Three Kingdoms
1923:Chinese zodiac
1844:Imperial China
1761:Yellow Emperor
1662:Main article:
1659:
1656:
1635:, "one of the
1594:through which
1530:constellations
1518:lunar calendar
1438:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1390:
1388:
1381:
1369:
1366:
1360:In the modern
1317:In the modern
1314:
1311:
1302:
1299:
1232:In so-called "
1218:
1215:
1156:Main article:
1153:
1150:
1137:
1134:
1087:
1086:Counting hours
1084:
1062:was a part of
1060:eight-hour day
1029:mean solar day
1025:universal time
929:mean solar day
914:
911:
894:follows that.
756:Main article:
753:
750:
749:
748:
742:
736:
730:
724:
718:
712:
706:
700:
694:
688:
682:
664:Late Antiquity
626:Church Fathers
560:
559:Ancient Greece
557:
553:seasonal hours
539:
536:
534:
531:
529:
526:
345:Middle English
326:
323:
319:mean solar day
297:In the modern
284:mean solar day
262:were taken as
238:temporal hours
234:seasonal hours
146:
145:
134:
127:
126:
115:
106:
105:
102:
101:
96:
89:
88:
84:
83:
80:
76:
75:
70:
66:
65:
60:
54:
53:
49:
48:
41:
33:
32:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6648:
6637:
6636:Units of time
6634:
6632:
6629:
6628:
6626:
6611:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6569:
6567:
6563:
6557:
6554:
6552:
6549:
6547:
6544:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6529:
6527:
6524:
6522:
6519:
6517:
6516:degree of arc
6514:
6512:
6509:
6507:
6504:
6502:
6499:
6497:
6494:
6493:
6491:
6489:
6485:
6479:
6476:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6464:
6461:
6459:
6456:
6454:
6451:
6449:
6446:
6444:
6441:
6439:
6436:
6434:
6431:
6429:
6426:
6424:
6421:
6419:
6416:
6414:
6411:
6409:
6406:
6404:
6401:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6366:
6360:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6334:
6331:
6329:
6326:
6324:
6321:
6320:
6318:
6316:
6312:
6308:
6301:
6296:
6294:
6289:
6287:
6282:
6281:
6278:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6229:
6226:
6225:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6209:
6203:
6200:
6198:
6195:
6193:
6190:
6188:
6185:
6183:
6180:
6178:
6175:
6173:
6170:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6109:
6107:
6105:
6104:units of time
6100:
6094:
6093:Sidereal time
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6078:Galactic year
6076:
6075:
6073:
6071:
6067:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6047:
6045:
6041:
6035:
6034:Weekday names
6032:
6030:
6027:
6025:
6024:Tropical year
6022:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5989:Intercalation
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5965:
5962:
5960:
5957:
5955:(lunar Hijri)
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5930:
5928:
5926:
5922:
5916:
5913:
5911:
5908:
5906:
5903:
5901:
5898:
5896:
5893:
5891:
5888:
5884:
5881:
5880:
5879:
5876:
5874:
5871:
5869:
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5830:
5828:
5826:
5822:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5795:Time dilation
5793:
5791:
5788:
5786:
5783:
5781:
5778:
5776:
5773:
5771:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5761:
5758:
5756:
5753:
5751:
5748:
5747:
5745:
5743:
5739:
5733:
5730:
5728:
5725:
5723:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5713:
5708:
5702:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5662:
5659:
5657:
5654:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5634:
5632:
5631:24-hour clock
5629:
5627:
5626:12-hour clock
5624:
5622:
5619:
5617:
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5604:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5585:
5582:
5581:
5580:
5577:
5576:
5574:
5570:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5547:
5543:
5539:
5532:
5527:
5525:
5520:
5518:
5513:
5512:
5509:
5497:
5489:
5487:
5479:
5478:
5475:
5469:
5466:
5464:
5461:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5453:
5449:
5447:
5444:
5442:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5417:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5390:
5387:
5386:
5385:
5384:Chronobiology
5382:
5380:
5377:
5376:
5374:
5370:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5318:Arrow of time
5316:
5314:
5311:
5310:
5308:
5306:
5302:
5296:
5293:
5291:
5290:Geochronology
5288:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5255:
5254:
5251:
5250:
5248:
5246:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5232:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5187:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5171:
5168:
5167:
5165:
5163:
5158:
5154:
5146:
5143:
5142:
5141:
5140:Wheel of time
5138:
5134:
5131:
5130:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5093:
5090:
5088:
5085:
5084:
5081:
5075:
5074:
5070:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5038:
5035:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5001:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4984:Periodization
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4961:
4959:
4954:
4951:
4949:
4946:
4945:
4942:
4930:
4929:
4925:
4924:
4923:
4922:
4918:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4910:Digital clock
4908:
4906:
4903:
4899:
4896:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4883:
4882:
4879:
4877:
4874:
4872:
4869:
4867:
4864:
4860:
4857:
4856:
4855:
4852:
4848:
4845:
4844:
4843:
4840:
4839:
4838:
4835:
4834:
4832:
4830:
4826:
4820:
4819:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4771:
4768:
4766:
4763:
4761:
4758:
4757:
4756:
4753:
4752:
4750:
4748:
4744:
4738:
4735:
4733:
4730:
4728:
4725:
4723:
4720:
4718:
4715:
4713:
4710:
4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
4695:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4687:Relative hour
4685:
4683:
4682:24-hour clock
4680:
4678:
4677:12-hour clock
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4645:
4643:
4640:
4638:
4635:
4633:
4630:
4628:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4620:
4616:
4613:
4611:
4606:
4602:
4596:
4593:
4591:
4588:
4586:
4583:
4581:
4578:
4577:
4575:
4571:
4567:
4560:
4555:
4553:
4548:
4546:
4541:
4540:
4537:
4531:
4528:
4526:
4523:
4522:
4518:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4495:
4491:
4487:
4482:
4481:
4477:
4470:
4465:
4461:
4456:
4449:
4448:
4442:
4438:
4437:Thai Unlocked
4434:
4430:
4425:
4421:
4415:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4382:
4378:
4374:
4370:
4366:
4362:
4357:
4353:
4351:9788120603646
4347:
4343:
4342:
4336:
4333:. London, UK.
4332:
4328:
4323:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4306:
4299:
4298:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4284:Cambridge, MA
4281:
4276:
4272:
4270:9780192804990
4266:
4261:
4260:
4253:
4249:
4247:9780521885409
4243:
4239:
4238:Cambridge, UK
4235:
4234:
4228:
4224:
4222:9780871692146
4218:
4214:
4213:
4208:
4204:
4200:
4196:
4190:
4185:
4181:
4180:
4175:
4174:
4169:
4163:
4159:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4134:
4131:
4112:
4105:
4104:
4101:
4093:
4090:
4086:
4081:
4078:
4074:
4070:
4069:Sewell (1924)
4065:
4062:
4058:
4057:Rogers (1998)
4053:
4050:
4045:
4038:
4035:
4030:
4028:9789892609669
4024:
4020:
4016:
4012:
4008:
4001:
3998:
3994:
3989:
3986:
3982:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3948:
3945:
3941:
3936:
3934:
3930:
3926:
3921:
3919:
3915:
3911:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3894:
3892:
3890:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3875:
3873:
3871:
3867:
3863:
3862:Steele (2000)
3858:
3855:
3851:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3831:
3828:
3824:
3819:
3816:
3812:
3807:
3804:
3800:
3795:
3792:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3776:
3771:
3768:
3764:
3759:
3756:
3752:
3747:
3744:
3741:, p. 83.
3740:
3735:
3733:
3731:
3727:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3703:
3700:, p. 40.
3699:
3698:Parker (1950)
3694:
3691:
3688:
3684:
3679:
3676:
3673:
3669:
3664:
3661:
3657:
3656:Parker (1950)
3652:
3649:
3646:
3642:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3628:
3624:
3619:
3617:
3615:
3611:
3606:
3602:
3596:
3593:
3589:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3572:
3568:
3563:
3560:
3548:
3542:
3539:
3536:, p. 76.
3535:
3534:Landes (1983)
3530:
3528:
3524:
3519:
3518:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3501:
3496:
3490:
3482:
3481:
3476:
3470:
3467:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3450:
3446:
3442:
3439:(2): 99–110.
3438:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3421:
3416:
3412:
3408:
3404:
3400:
3396:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3380:9780198799559
3376:
3372:
3365:
3362:
3357:
3356:
3351:
3345:
3342:
3339:, p. 67.
3338:
3333:
3330:
3325:
3321:
3315:
3312:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3295:
3294:public domain
3284:
3281:
3268:
3264:
3258:
3255:
3250:
3246:
3239:
3236:
3231:
3227:
3220:
3217:
3213:
3201:
3200:
3195:
3194:Scott, Robert
3191:
3185:
3182:
3177:
3171:
3167:
3166:
3158:
3155:
3144:
3140:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3121:
3115:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3097:
3096:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3070:
3064:
3061:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3046:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3028:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3016:
3011:
3009:
3000:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2989:
2983:
2980:
2975:
2971:
2965:
2962:
2956:
2948:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2934:
2933:Shuowen Jiezi
2927:
2924:
2908:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2888:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2878:
2865:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2800:
2797:
2796:
2783:
2780:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2762:
2749:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2718:
2713:
2710:
2705:
2700:
2699:
2696:
2695:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2669:
2668:
2665:
2664:
2649:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2599:
2596:
2595:
2582:
2578:
2573:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2555:
2551:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2541:
2528:
2523:
2520:
2515:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2490:
2486:
2485:
2480:
2479:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2451:
2446:
2442:
2430:
2427:
2423:
2417:
2414:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2372:
2369:
2358:
2355:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2329:
2326:
2324:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2307:working hours
2304:
2303:truck drivers
2300:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2272:
2269:
2266:
2265:mile per hour
2263:
2260:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2248:
2244:
2241:
2238:
2237:kilowatt-hour
2235:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2209:
2206:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2116:based on the
2115:
2114:units of time
2111:
2107:
2099:
2098:deified Hours
2094:
2089:
2081:
2079:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2056:
2052:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2024:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2009:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1970:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1956:
1952:
1948:
1944:
1940:
1928:
1924:
1920:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1866:
1860:
1853:
1849:
1845:
1841:
1839:
1835:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1815:
1811:
1802:
1796:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1748:
1741:
1738:
1734:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1712:Ancient China
1707:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1687:
1683:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1657:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1649:determinative
1646:
1644:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1626:
1622:
1620:
1614:
1610:
1606:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1584:
1582:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1552:
1551:Amenhotep III
1546:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1473:
1472:Pyramid Texts
1470:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1452:
1448:
1444:
1436:
1428:
1425:
1417:
1407:
1403:
1397:
1396:
1391:This section
1389:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1367:
1365:
1363:
1362:24-hour clock
1358:
1356:
1355:post meridiem
1352:
1348:
1347:ante meridiem
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1319:12-hour clock
1312:
1310:
1308:
1300:
1298:
1296:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1239:
1235:
1228:
1223:
1216:
1214:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1179:
1177:
1176:Sha'a Zemanit
1173:
1172:Talmudic hour
1169:
1164:
1159:
1158:Unequal hours
1152:Unequal hours
1151:
1149:
1147:
1142:
1135:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1111:
1092:
1085:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1073:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1057:
1053:
1049:
1044:
1042:
1038:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1014:
1010:
1009:metric system
1005:
1003:
1001:
1000:
993:
991:
975:
974:
969:
965:
961:
957:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
924:
923:Metric system
920:
912:
910:
908:
904:
899:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
869:
861:
857:
849:
841:
837:
833:
832:Roman markets
829:
825:
821:
817:
812:
809:
805:
801:
798:, each of 60
797:
793:
789:
781:
777:
773:
769:
764:
759:
751:
746:
743:
740:
737:
734:
731:
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
713:
710:
707:
704:
701:
698:
695:
692:
689:
686:
683:
681:(first light)
680:
677:
676:
675:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
656:
650:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
627:
623:
622:Lord's Prayer
619:
618:
613:
609:
605:
600:
598:
594:
590:
586:
576:
571:
566:
558:
556:
554:
549:
545:
538:Ancient Egypt
537:
532:
527:
525:
521:
519:
518:24-hour clock
514:
512:
508:
504:
503:12-hour clock
500:
495:
493:
492:
487:
483:
479:
475:
472:
465:
464:reconstructed
461:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
440:
434:
432:
425:
421:
415:
412:
408:
406:
401:
397:
395:
389:
387:
382:
378:
374:
370:
367:
364:, 'time' and
363:
360:
357:It displaced
355:
353:
351:
346:
342:
340:
335:
331:
324:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
303:accepted unit
300:
299:metric system
295:
293:
289:
285:
261:
257:
253:
251:
247:
243:
242:unequal hours
239:
235:
231:
227:
213:
208:
206:
202:
198:
184:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
156:
152:
143:
135:
128:
124:
116:
114:
107:
103:
100:
97:
95:
91:
85:
81:
77:
74:
71:
67:
64:
61:
59:
55:
50:
45:
42:Midnight (or
39:
34:
29:
26:
22:
6530:
6521:electronvolt
6240:Decimal time
6146:
5969:Astronomical
5848:Complication
5843:Atomic clock
5458:Time capsule
5452:Tempus fugit
5450:
5372:Other fields
5071:
5052:Perdurantism
4974:Calendar era
4926:
4919:
4905:Cuckoo clock
4842:astronomical
4816:
4642:Unit of time
4573:Key concepts
4507:
4485:
4468:
4459:
4446:
4436:
4433:ภาษาไทยไขขาน
4432:
4409:
4397:
4385:
4368:
4364:
4340:
4330:
4326:
4317:
4313:
4296:
4279:
4258:
4232:
4211:
4198:
4188:
4178:
4140:
4133:
4118:, retrieved
4111:the original
4103:
4099:
4092:
4080:
4064:
4052:
4046:, Ultravisum
4043:
4037:
4010:
4000:
3988:
3976:
3947:
3905:
3857:
3835:Vygus (2015)
3830:
3823:Vygus (2015)
3818:
3811:Vygus (2015)
3806:
3799:Vygus (2015)
3794:
3787:Vygus (2015)
3782:
3775:Vygus (2015)
3770:
3763:Vygus (2015)
3758:
3751:Vygus (2015)
3746:
3718:. Retrieved
3714:
3705:
3693:
3678:
3663:
3651:
3604:
3595:
3587:
3574:
3562:
3551:. Retrieved
3541:
3517:
3513:
3503:
3479:
3475:Paul VI
3469:
3436:
3432:
3423:
3398:
3394:
3388:
3370:
3364:
3354:
3344:
3332:
3323:
3314:
3303:
3283:
3271:. Retrieved
3257:
3248:
3238:
3229:
3219:
3211:
3204:. Retrieved
3198:
3184:
3164:
3157:
3146:. Retrieved
3142:
3132:
3124:
3119:
3103:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3081:
3077:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3037:
3032:
3027:
3014:
3007:
2999:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2973:
2964:
2941:
2931:
2926:
2500:
2496:
2482:
2476:
2470:
2457:
2429:
2422:leap seconds
2416:
2397:Six-hour day
2328:Decimal hour
2153:
2145:
2141:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2118:sidereal day
2103:
2036:
2012:
2010:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1993:
1986:Book of Yuan
1973:
1971:
1926:
1925:. The first
1906:
1895:
1851:
1847:
1842:
1827:
1816:
1788:
1781:water clocks
1769:water clocks
1750:
1739:
1710:
1681:
1640:
1636:
1628:
1616:
1585:
1578:
1570:water clocks
1514:Sothic cycle
1460:
1454:
1420:
1411:
1400:Please help
1392:
1359:
1316:
1304:
1288:
1280:twice twelve
1277:
1254:
1243:
1231:
1210:
1206:
1202:
1198:
1194:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1180:
1175:
1165:
1161:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1120:
1116:
1045:
1033:0° longitude
1006:
995:
987:
964:decimal time
953:
926:
919:Decimal time
900:
813:
785:
744:
738:
732:
726:
720:
714:
708:
702:
696:
690:
684:
678:
671:
659:
653:
651:
645:
615:
601:
572:
568:
541:
522:
515:
511:of the clock
510:
506:
498:
496:
489:
481:
467:
444:
436:
428:
426:
413:
402:
391:
383:
373:span of time
372:
365:
358:
356:
347:
336:
334:Anglo-Norman
329:
328:
296:
259:
255:
254:
244:, varied by
237:
233:
209:
174:
170:
162:
160:
133:Non-SI units
98:
93:
69:Unit of
25:
6250:System time
6245:Metric time
5964:Solar Hijri
5890:Water clock
5873:Radio clock
5805:Time domain
5785:Proper time
5671:Leap second
5553:Chronometry
5468:Time travel
5446:System time
5353:Time domain
5338:Proper time
5162:use of time
5133:Father Time
5113:Immortality
5103:Ages of Man
5032:Endurantism
4989:Regnal year
4969:Big History
4898:water-based
4797:Solar Hijri
4707:Hexadecimal
4657:Measurement
4619:Chronometry
4605:Measurement
3337:Wall (1912)
3123:, quarter,
3098:, hundred,
2438: 1250
2392:Metric time
2347:Golden Hour
2222:hour circle
2198:credit hour
2175:ampere hour
2096:Two of the
1959:Book of Sui
1947:Eastern Han
1785:Eastern Han
1783:. Into the
1771:and in the
1654:for "sun".
1600:solar barge
1588:New Kingdom
1574:New Kingdom
1568:were using
1559: 1350
1507: 2800
1482:BC. By 2150
1474:in the 24th
1307:Julian Date
1284:equinoctial
1076:hour record
1072:happy hours
954:During the
870:at either 6
772:Bishopstone
752:Middle Ages
747:(night sky)
595:called the
516:Hours on a
499:time of day
480:"), making
307:leap second
256:Equal hours
82:h, hr
58:Unit system
6625:Categories
6315:Base units
6265:Timekeeper
6218:Chronology
6202:Millennium
6088:Precession
5994:Julian day
5815:T-symmetry
5676:Solar time
5646:Civil time
5170:Chronemics
5145:Kalachakra
5057:Presentism
5042:Eternalism
4948:Chronology
4886:mechanical
4837:Main types
4755:Main types
4510:. London:
4160:, p.
4071:, p.
3720:2022-01-24
3685:, p.
3670:, p.
3643:, p.
3625:, p.
3553:2018-09-20
3324:Dionysiaca
3273:13 October
3224:Polybius.
3148:2024-08-20
3054:, stound,
2382:Julian day
2214:hour angle
1967:Sinosphere
1706:Drum Tower
1652:hieroglyph
1625:astronomer
1592:underworld
1488:Dynasty IX
1414:April 2020
1327:time zones
1323:Solar noon
1168:Jewish law
1122:Astrolabes
1068:rush hours
1050:, whether
1048:employment
896:Vatican II
862:at about 3
850:at about 9
842:at about 6
792:Sacrobosco
697:Gymnastike
638:Tertullian
593:horologion
580:νυχθήμερον
484:distantly
381:Old French
121:3600
6458:steradian
6373:becquerel
6162:Fortnight
6009:Lunisolar
5999:Leap year
5933:Gregorian
5883:stopwatch
5858:Hourglass
5838:Astrarium
5755:Spacetime
5686:Time zone
5563:Metrology
5542:standards
5426:Leap year
5343:Spacetime
5217:Yesterday
5118:Dreamtime
5092:Mythology
4979:Deep time
4891:stopwatch
4866:hourglass
4847:astrarium
4777:Gregorian
4770:Lunisolar
4747:Calendars
4737:Time zone
4610:standards
4127:(in Thai)
3586:(Hrsg.):
3461:117951139
3352:(1879) .
3350:Al-Biruni
3326:. 41.263.
3251:. Α.ΙΙ.2.
3196:(1883) .
3072:, clock,
2957:Citations
2472:Rigoletto
2469:where in
2433:From the
2351:Blue Hour
2299:full-time
2150:Sinhalese
2138:solar day
2126:muhūrta-s
2112:employed
1698:clepsydra
1658:East Asia
1469:Dynasty V
1406:talk page
1339:equinoxes
913:Modernity
858:at noon,
788:al-Biruni
768:tide dial
709:Mesembria
687:(sunrise)
533:Antiquity
462:has been
377:borrowing
325:Etymology
92:1 h
6610:Category
6565:See also
6338:kilogram
6307:SI units
6223:Duration
6197:Saeculum
6177:Olympiad
6019:Solstice
5948:Holocene
5925:Calendar
5825:Horology
5616:ISO 8601
5611:ISO 31-1
5486:Category
5234:Time in
5225:Tomorrow
5087:Religion
5027:Duration
4994:Timeline
4928:Timeline
4727:Sidereal
4595:Eternity
4396:(1997).
4294:(1950).
3489:citation
3206:12 April
3036:, tide,
3010:MS 471)"
2991:, hour,
2484:Falstaff
2377:Horology
2317:See also
2253:man-hour
2220:and the
2181:used in
2142:ghaṭikás
2047:Cambodia
2039:Thailand
1775:of that
1581:sundials
1516:, but a
1126:sundials
1056:salaried
1037:rotation
937:ecliptic
888:compline
866:pm, and
824:Orthodox
816:sundials
808:ecliptic
741:(sunset)
733:Hesperis
723:(prayer)
646:Vigiliae
476:("year,
250:latitude
155:Midnight
140:60
113:SI units
6526:hectare
6511:decibel
6453:sievert
6448:siemens
6378:coulomb
6328:candela
6192:Century
6182:Lustrum
6112:Instant
5984:Equinox
5953:Islamic
5895:Sundial
5760:Chronon
5496:Commons
5419:Related
5333:Instant
5323:Chronon
5305:Physics
5245:Geology
5236:science
5108:Destiny
4953:History
4921:History
4876:sundial
4859:quantum
4802:Chinese
4792:Islamic
4702:Decimal
4697:Chinese
4659:systems
4585:Present
4514:, 1996.
4120:8 March
3516:8th ed.
3441:Bibcode
3403:Bibcode
3296::
2489:century
2277:systems
2148:. The
2146:vinadis
2110:Puranas
1992:as the
1972:The 12
1933:pm to 1
1915:"time")
1838:sunrise
1795:Chinese
1777:dynasty
1718:Chinese
1702:Beijing
1686:Kaifeng
1674:Su Song
1545:minutes
1496:Clagett
1478:century
1295:maghrib
1291:Islamic
1273:Bohemia
1269:Silesia
1238:Angelus
1234:Italian
1201:and 60
1099:⁄
1080:cycling
1039:of the
981:⁄
947:by the
943:of the
907:pendula
868:vespers
822:of the
800:seconds
796:minutes
691:Mousike
685:Anatole
617:Didache
573:By the
528:History
507:o'clock
486:cognate
449:seasons
282:of the
277:⁄
267:⁄
232:. Such
230:daytime
224:of the
219:⁄
201:seconds
190:⁄
177:) is a
6541:minute
6501:dalton
6443:radian
6438:pascal
6428:newton
6353:second
6333:kelvin
6323:ampere
6187:Decade
6142:Moment
6137:Minute
6132:Second
6102:Other
5959:Julian
5938:Hebrew
5584:offset
5436:Moment
5431:Memory
5283:period
4871:marine
4854:atomic
4829:Clocks
4787:Hebrew
4782:Julian
4717:Metric
4590:Future
4496:
4416:
4348:
4267:
4244:
4219:
4102:No. 17
4025:
3459:
3377:
3320:Nonnus
3300:Matins
3172:
2900:, and
2475:or in
2467:operas
2441:sermon
2365:
2361:
2349:&
2336:
2332:
2202:course
2134:nadī-s
2130:dandas
2045:, and
2017:Jovian
1935:
1931:
1834:sunset
1678:
1613:uraeus
1605:Wadjet
1566:Karnak
1562:
1542:
1534:decans
1522:months
1510:
1492:coffin
1484:
1480:
1476:
1449:, and
1447:Decans
1271:, and
1265:Poland
1203:kshana
1128:, and
1017:
1013:second
999:décime
976:) was
968:French
903:clocks
880:Matins
876:sunset
874:pm or
872:
864:
852:
844:
776:Sussex
745:Arktos
715:Sponde
711:(noon)
703:Nymphe
668:Nonnus
636:, and
634:Origen
548:Sirius
478:summer
471:*yeh₁-
455:. Its
366:stound
246:season
167:symbol
94:in ...
79:Symbol
6556:tonne
6551:neper
6536:litre
6478:weber
6463:tesla
6418:lumen
6413:katal
6408:joule
6403:hertz
6398:henry
6388:farad
6343:metre
6228:music
6167:Month
6127:Jiffy
6122:Shake
6117:Flick
6014:Solar
6004:Lunar
5979:Epact
5943:Hindu
5878:Watch
5833:Clock
5441:Space
5273:epoch
5263:chron
5221:Today
5190:tempo
5185:Music
5047:Event
4881:watch
4765:Lunar
4760:Solar
4732:Solar
4722:Roman
4712:Hindu
4451:(PDF)
4435:[
4301:(PDF)
4114:(PDF)
4107:(PDF)
3457:S2CID
3245:"ὥρα"
3080:(and
2503:Wnwty
2463:Verdi
2371:Horae
2323:Danna
2295:part-
2106:Vedas
2082:India
1984:-era
1963:Japan
1957:-era
1767:-era
1680:1092
1676:'s AD
1631:wnwty
1609:cobra
1437:Egypt
1351:Latin
1343:Latin
1261:Orloj
1250:Italy
1146:kaspu
1041:Earth
973:heure
945:Earth
884:lauds
860:nones
848:terce
840:prime
836:bells
739:Dysis
721:Elete
672:Horae
666:, by
660:Horae
655:Horae
642:vigil
610:from
565:Horae
488:with
453:years
439:stund
411:Greek
400:Latin
369:stund
339:houre
226:night
195:of a
6531:hour
6473:watt
6468:volt
6393:gray
6348:mole
6172:Year
6157:Week
6147:Hour
5601:DUT1
5540:and
5160:and
5123:Kāla
4818:List
4812:Maya
4608:and
4580:Past
4566:Time
4494:ISBN
4414:ISBN
4346:ISBN
4265:ISBN
4242:ISBN
4217:ISBN
4122:2017
4023:ISBN
3672:50–1
3495:link
3375:ISBN
3275:2022
3208:2021
3170:ISBN
3104:adj.
3102:and
3078:adv.
3008:Laud
2443:for
2363:h 30
2334:h 24
2297:and
2243:knot
2154:peya
2108:and
2104:The
2068:drum
2064:gong
2055:noon
2043:Laos
1982:Ming
1978:Tang
1955:Tang
1943:Yuan
1913:lit.
1852:geng
1850:and
1828:gēng
1740:kʰək
1643:wnwt
1637:wnwt
1619:wnwt
1486:BC (
1463:wnwt
1455:The
1329:and
1289:The
1227:Asti
1187:hora
1183:hora
1070:and
1052:wage
1007:The
958:, a
949:Moon
921:and
882:and
856:sext
854:am,
846:am,
826:and
790:and
727:Akte
679:Auge
652:The
602:The
497:The
491:year
482:hour
460:root
451:and
445:hṓrā
435:and
414:hṓrā
409:and
405:hōra
359:tide
343:and
330:Hour
248:and
183:time
179:unit
163:hour
73:time
44:noon
31:hour
6506:day
6433:ohm
6423:lux
6152:Day
5278:era
5268:eon
5258:age
4637:TAI
4627:UTC
4373:doi
4331:108
4162:207
4073:xii
4015:doi
3687:218
3449:doi
3411:doi
3120:OED
3095:OED
3074:n.¹
3069:OED
3056:n.¹
3051:OED
3033:OED
2988:OED
2465:'s
2367:min
2338:min
2309:or
2188:BTU
2132:or
2037:In
2013:shi
2002:shi
1998:shi
1994:shi
1974:shi
1927:shi
1907:shí
1836:to
1817:kæŋ
1765:Han
1704:'s
1700:in
1598:'s
1174:" (
1054:or
1031:at
774:in
628:as
466:as
431:tīd
424:).
420:ὥρα
394:ore
386:ure
379:of
362:tīd
350:ure
315:UT1
311:UTC
258:or
240:or
228:or
197:day
181:of
161:An
142:min
6627::
5596:ΔT
5591:UT
5223:–
5219:–
4632:UT
4492:.
4488:.
4431:.
4369:56
4367:.
4363:.
4329:.
4318:53
4316:.
4312:.
4282:.
4236:.
4197:.
4150:^
4125:.
4021:.
4009:.
3959:^
3932:^
3917:^
3886:^
3869:^
3842:^
3729:^
3713:.
3645:50
3633:^
3627:49
3613:^
3603:.
3526:^
3511:,
3491:}}
3487:{{
3455:.
3447:.
3437:25
3435:.
3409:.
3399:15
3397:.
3322:.
3247:.
3228:.
3210:.
3192:;
3141:.
3111:^
3100:n.
3084:).
3082:n.
3020:34
3012:,
2993:n.
2972:,
2875:,
2857:,
2827:,
2793:,
2759:,
2728:,
2692:,
2661:,
2628:,
2592:,
2565:,
2538:,
2447::
2435:c.
2305:'
2156:.
2078:.
2041:,
2006:ke
1969:.
1896:də
1889:oc
1848:ke
1840:.
1810:oc
1797::
1789:ke
1751:kè
1733:oc
1720::
1596:Ra
1556:c.
1504:c.
1445:,
1353::
1345::
1267:,
1211:pe
1207:Pe
1199:pe
1195:pe
1191:pe
1124:,
1101:12
1043:.
983:10
970::
878:.
632:,
494:.
443:,
371:,
321:.
294:.
279:24
269:24
252:.
221:12
205:SI
192:24
175:hr
169::
6299:e
6292:t
6285:v
5530:e
5523:t
5516:v
4558:e
4551:t
4544:v
4502:.
4454:.
4422:.
4379:.
4375::
4354:.
4273:.
4250:.
4225:.
4075:.
4031:.
4017::
3881:.
3864:.
3852:.
3723:.
3607:.
3569:.
3556:.
3497:)
3463:.
3451::
3443::
3417:.
3413::
3405::
3277:.
3232:.
3151:.
3127:.
3125:n
3106:.
3058:.
3040:.
3038:n
2921:.
2120:(
1909:,
1903:p
1898:,
1893:*
1884:,
1880:时
1874:s
1869:,
1865:時
1859:t
1856:(
1830:)
1824:p
1819:,
1814:*
1805:,
1801:更
1793:(
1753:)
1747:p
1742:,
1737:*
1728:,
1724:刻
1716:(
1688:.
1611:(
1554:(
1427:)
1421:(
1416:)
1412:(
1408:.
1398:.
1282:(
1097:5
979:1
782:.
416:(
275:1
265:1
217:1
203:(
188:1
171:h
165:(
123:s
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
