320:, they are less costly to buy, operate, and maintain than mainframe systems and thus meet the computing needs of many organizations. Midrange systems were relatively popular as powerful network servers to help manage large Internet Web sites, but more oriented for corporate intranets and extranets, and other networks. Today, midrange systems include servers used in industrial process-control and manufacturing plants and play major roles in computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). They can also take the form of powerful technical workstations for computer-aided design (CAD) and other computation and graphics-intensive applications. Midrange system are also used as front-end servers to assist mainframe computers in telecommunications processing and network management.
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The earliest midrange computers were single-user business calculation machines. Virtualization, a typical feature of mainframes since 1972 (partially from 1965), was ported to midrange systems only in 1977; multi-user support was added to midrange systems in 1976 compared to 1972 for mainframes (but
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The main similarity of midrange computers and mainframes is that they are both oriented for decimal-precision computing and high volume input and output (I/O), but most midrange computers have a reduced and specially designed internal architecture, with limited compatibility with mainframes. A
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low-end mainframe can be more affordable and less powerful than a high-end midrange system, but a midrange system is still a "replacement solution" with another service process, different OS and internal architecture.
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to recognize that they usually "serve" end users at their "client" computers. During the 1990s and 2000s, in some non-critical cases both lines were replaced by
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scientific computing, and midrange computers are oriented towards decimal business-oriented computing - but without a clear distinction border between classes.
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The latest midrange systems are primarily mid-class multi-user local network servers that can handle the large-scale processing of many
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was introduced under that name in 1988, renamed eServer iSeries in 2000, and subsequently became the IBM System i in 2006. It runs the
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that's still significantly earlier than the limited release of x86 virtualization (1985/87) or multi-user support (1983)).
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IBM favored the term "midrange computer" for their comparable, but more business-oriented systems.
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190:) widely used in science and research as well as for business - and referred to as
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466:"1969 IBM System/3 promotional ad - midrange, minicomputer, Computer History, RPG"
223:(introduced in 1975) was a 16-bit single-user system also known as the IBM 5320.
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is the purpose for which they are used - supers/minis are oriented towards
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Class of computer systems that fall in between mainframes and minicomputers
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600:"Channel Surfing: IBM Brings One Voice to Server Group Reseller Channel"
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Electronic technology, corporate strategy, and world transformation
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229:(1977) was intended to be a successor to both the 3 and the 32.
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Digital
Dialogue - Employee Newsletter of Digital Research Inc
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This class of machine emerged in the 1960s, with models from
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The difference between similar-size midrange computers and
235:(1979) was the first midrange system to have an integrated
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The S/38 (without case), the S/36, and the S/34 systems
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316:. Although not as powerful and reliable as full-size
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IBM System/3, a midrange computer introduced in 1969
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57:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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272:were introduced in April 2008, a convergence of
1596:Criminal Reduction Utilising Statistical History
579:"now referred to as small or midsize servers."
567:"PC Magazine, Definition of: midrange computer"
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406:. Westport, Conn.: Quorum Books. p.
217:(1969) was the first IBM midrange system.
117:Learn how and when to remove this message
440:Engineering and Technology History Wiki
390:
531:"PC-Mode bridges CP/M and PC DOS"
1731:Center for The Business of Government
336:online transaction processing servers
237:relational database management system
7:
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55:adding citations to reliable sources
25:
1400:PC business acquisition by Lenovo
511:. 23 January 2003. Archived from
470:Computer History Archives Project
323:Since the end of 1980s, when the
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2418:
2409:
2408:
2098:Sabre airline reservation system
1944:Thomas J. Watson Research Center
1326:
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476:from the original on 2021-12-14.
436:"Rise and Fall of Minicomputers"
31:
1611:Information Management Software
548:from the original on 2017-01-04
42:needs additional citations for
2364:International chess tournament
2144:Globally integrated enterprise
2134:Commercial Processing Workload
1:
2103:Scanning tunneling microscope
347:General purpose architectures
164:Digital Equipment Corporation
151:systems that fell in between
398:Estabrooks, Maurice (1995).
1971:Canada Head Office Building
1961:Cambridge Scientific Center
1853:Science Research Associates
1621:Mainframe operating systems
488:"IBM System/3 announcement"
2513:
2032:Virtual Universe Community
1753:International subsidiaries
1673:Service Automation Manager
1076:Personal digital assistant
2404:
1321:
604:Enterprise System Journal
2058:Automated teller machine
2012:The Great Mind Challenge
1395:Mergers and acquisitions
349:(currently x86 or ARM).
243:addressing, and ran the
2017:Linux Technology Center
1313:Wireless sensor network
2342:Dynamic infrastructure
2307:Big Blue sports teams
2113:Universal Product Code
1086:Portable data terminal
205:
134:
2474:Vacuum tube computers
2358:IBM and the Holocaust
2323:Common Public License
2208:Louis V. Gerstner Jr.
1991:Academy of Technology
1446:Power microprocessors
1269:Information appliance
1091:Portable media player
1034:Handheld game console
314:business applications
239:(DBMS). The S/38 had
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132:
18:IBM midrange computer
2088:Magnetic stripe card
2037:World Community Grid
1913:Toronto Software Lab
1569:Carbon Design System
1524:Cell microprocessors
1044:Mobile data terminal
1024:Electronic organizer
696:Intelligent terminal
515:on January 27, 2008.
379:List of IBM products
209:IBM midrange systems
51:improve this article
2352:GUIDE International
2214:Samuel J. Palmisano
2073:Electronic keypunch
1897:One Atlantic Center
1867:Weather Underground
1863:The Weather Company
325:client–server model
318:mainframe computers
153:mainframe computers
66:"Midrange computer"
2454:Personal computers
2444:Midrange computers
2434:Navigational boxes
2327:IBM Public License
2302:A Boy and His Atom
2260:Michelle J. Howard
2202:John Fellows Akers
2184:T. Vincent Learson
1891:1250 René-Lévesque
1631:Planning Analytics
1301:Computer-on-module
1159:Digital wristwatch
961:Mobile workstation
731:Video game console
691:Internet appliance
434:(9 January 2015).
206:
147:, were a class of
141:Midrange computers
135:
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2449:Operating systems
2311:American football
2280:Joseph R. Swedish
2275:Martha E. Pollack
2178:Thomas Watson Jr.
2139:Customer engineer
2063:Cynefin framework
1949:Hakozaki Facility
1908:Rome Software Lab
1876:
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1658:Rational Software
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1539:Personal Computer
1534:Midrange computer
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1289:Rugged smartphone
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875:Small form factor
701:Interactive kiosk
364:Superminicomputer
330:workgroup servers
270:IBM Power Systems
266:operating system.
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16:(Redirected from
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2172:Thomas J. Watson
2093:Relational model
2042:Think conference
1923:330 North Wabash
1843:Microelectronics
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1641:Quantum Platform
1586:Cognos Analytics
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1164:Calculator watch
1147:Activity tracker
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442:. Archived from
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145:midrange systems
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2108:Financial swaps
2083:Hard disk drive
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1954:Yamato Facility
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1668:Tivoli Software
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716:Smart speaker
714:
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686:Diskless node
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384:
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375:
374:Microcomputer
372:
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359:IBM mainframe
357:
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338:
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331:
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299:minicomputers
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192:minicomputers
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78:
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71:
68: –
67:
63:
62:Find sources:
56:
52:
46:
45:
40:This article
38:
34:
29:
28:
19:
2373:
2356:
2337:Deep Thought
2300:
2228:(since 2020)
2196:John R. Opel
2154:Think slogan
1995:Deep Thunder
1801:Kaleida Labs
1796:AIM alliance
1533:
1481:Q System Two
1476:Q System One
1296:Single-board
1203:
1181:Smartglasses
1124:Programmable
1049:Mobile phone
902:Blade server
741:Microconsole
736:Home console
603:
594:
585:
575:
561:
550:. Retrieved
538:
534:
521:
513:the original
508:
499:
482:
469:
460:
448:. Retrieved
444:the original
439:
432:Bell, Gordon
426:
401:
393:
369:Minicomputer
341:
335:
328:
322:
311:
307:
292:
288:
278:IBM System p
274:IBM System i
196:
172:Data General
161:
144:
140:
139:
113:
104:
94:
87:
80:
73:
61:
49:Please help
44:verification
41:
2469:Typewriters
2375:Mathematica
2316:Rugby union
2255:Alex Gorsky
2222:(2012–2020)
2216:(2002–2011)
2210:(1993–2002)
2204:(1985–1993)
2198:(1981–1985)
2192:(1973–1981)
2186:(1971–1973)
2180:(1956–1971)
2174:(1914–1956)
2122:Terminology
2078:Floppy disk
2022:SkillsBuild
1985:Initiatives
1966:IBM Hursley
1940:Facilities
1591:Connections
1461:FlashSystem
1039:Handheld PC
971:Subnotebook
949:Convertible
810:Workstation
803:Home server
726:Thin client
706:Rich client
342:web servers
285:Positioning
2464:System/370
2459:System/360
2250:David Farr
2149:e-business
2051:Inventions
2000:Develothon
1881:Facilities
1741:Promontory
1736:Consulting
1186:Smart ring
1174:Sportwatch
1169:Smartwatch
1152:Smart band
1129:Scientific
1111:Calculator
1071:Palmtop PC
1064:Smartphone
1001:Detachable
826:All-in-one
776:Industrial
673:Appliances
552:2017-01-03
450:28 January
417:0899309690
385:References
295:superminis
77:newspapers
2332:Deep Blue
2238:directors
1697:WebSphere
1636:PureQuery
1544:Selectric
1519:Blue Gene
1434:Mainframe
1308:Smartdust
1243:Minisuper
1238:Mainframe
1217:Supermini
981:Smartbook
956:Cloudbook
858:Pizza box
752:Computers
711:Simulator
254:System/36
233:System/38
227:System/34
221:System/32
107:July 2021
2491:Category
2414:Category
2381:IBM Plex
2236:Board of
2129:Big Blue
1929:Honolulu
1838:Merative
1823:EduQuest
1806:Taligent
1775:Research
1712:entities
1710:Business
1651:OpenQASM
1579:Cloudant
1549:ThinkPad
1472:Quantum
1420:Hardware
1412:Products
1332:Category
1204:Midrange
1139:Wearable
1119:Graphing
1096:Siftable
1029:E-reader
1016:Handheld
966:Notebook
907:Blade PC
890:Stick PC
870:Portable
853:Deskside
836:Tabletop
781:Personal
721:Smart TV
543:Archived
541:(1): 3.
529:(1984).
474:Archived
353:See also
215:System/3
170:lines),
149:computer
2424:Commons
2391:ScicomP
1934:Seattle
1887:Towers
1833:Lexmark
1828:Kyndryl
1770:Red Hat
1719:Current
1690:Granite
1685:Watsonx
1601:Fortran
1529:PowerPC
1456:Storage
1427:Current
1390:History
1382:History
1059:Feature
1006:Phablet
976:Netbook
880:Mini PC
848:Desktop
841:Surface
819:By size
649:classes
188:HP 3000
184:HP 2100
178:), and
91:scholar
2396:Unions
2007:Fellow
1818:Cognos
1791:AdStar
1784:Former
1748:Kenexa
1726:Apptio
1680:Watson
1646:Qiskit
1512:Former
1501:Condor
1491:Osprey
1466:DS8000
1330:
1284:Rugged
1257:Others
1081:Pocket
1054:Camera
993:Tablet
944:2-in-1
936:Laptop
927:Mobile
798:Server
793:Public
766:Gaming
759:By use
665:Static
414:
264:OS/400
260:AS/400
241:48-bit
93:
86:
79:
72:
64:
2294:Other
1765:Press
1758:India
1574:Cloud
1562:Other
1496:Heron
1486:Eagle
1439:IBM Z
1248:Super
1226:Large
863:Tower
831:Panel
657:Micro
546:(PDF)
491:(PDF)
143:, or
98:JSTOR
84:books
2439:FOSS
2164:CEOs
2068:DRAM
1663:SPSS
1606:ILOG
1279:Nano
1233:Grid
1212:Mini
897:Rack
885:Plug
771:Home
647:and
452:2017
412:ISBN
333:and
276:and
186:and
176:NOVA
155:and
70:news
1374:IBM
245:CPF
194:.
168:PDP
53:by
2493::
602:.
584:.
537:.
533:.
507:.
468:.
438:.
410:.
408:53
159:.
2325:/
1869:)
1865:(
1366:e
1359:t
1352:v
637:e
630:t
623:v
606:.
588:.
569:.
555:.
539:3
493:.
454:.
420:.
297:/
280:.
250:.
182:(
174:(
166:(
120:)
114:(
109:)
105:(
95:·
88:·
81:·
74:·
47:.
20:)
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