List of DOS commands

2643: 2530: 2448: 2216: 2139: 2075: 1969: 1925: 1728: 1544: 1356: 1069: 927: 769: 513: 4521: 4532: 2347:, and for DR-DOS, PC/MS-DOS 6 and above, in CONFIG.SYS. This command is processed by the command processor. Thus, its output can be redirected to create a zero-byte file. REM is useful in logged sessions or screen-captures. One might add comments by way of labels, usually starting with double-colon (::). These are not processed by the command processor. 1685:, since use of expanded memory required a reserved 64KiB region in upper memory. The first restart inserted the SIZER.EXE program which gauged the memory needed by each TSR or Driver. MemMaker would then calculate the optimal Driver and TSR placement in upper memory and modify the AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS accordingly, and reboot the second time. 693:

their cumulative size, and the free space (in bytes) remaining on the disk. The command is one of the few commands that exist from the first versions of DOS. The command can display files in subdirectories. The resulting directory listing can be sorted by various criteria and filenames can be displayed in a chosen format.

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Enables or disables the feature to determine if files have been correctly written to disk (You can enable the verify command by typing "verify on" on Command Prompt and pressing enter. To display the current VERIFY setting, type VERIFY without a parameter. To turn off the feature, type "verify off").

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The command interpreter for DOS runs when no application programs are running. When an application exits, if the transient portion of the command interpreter in memory was overwritten, DOS will reload it from disk. Some commands are internal—built into COMMAND.COM; others are external commands stored

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The SELECT command formats a disk and installs country-specific information and keyboard codes. It was initially only available with IBM PC DOS. The version included with PC DOS 3.0 and 3.1 is hard-coded to transfer the operating system from A: to B:, while from PC DOS 3.2 onward you can specify the

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The DIR command displays the contents of a directory. The contents comprise the disk's volume label and serial number; one directory or filename per line, including the filename extension, the file size in bytes, and the date and time the file was last modified; and the total number of files listed,

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Attrib changes or views the attributes of one or more files. It defaults to display the attributes of all files in the current directory. The file attributes available include read-only, archive, system, and hidden attributes. The command has the capability to process whole folders and subfolders of

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Deletes a directory along with all of the files and subdirectories that it contains. Normally, it will ask for confirmation of the potentially dangerous action. Since the RD (RMDIR) command can not delete a directory if the directory is not empty (except in Windows NT & 10), the DELTREE command

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External commands were too large to keep in the command processor, or were less frequently used. Such utility programs would be stored on disk and loaded just like regular application programs but were distributed with the operating system. Copies of these utility command programs had to be on an

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parameter. Additionally, command line switches, or other parameter strings, can be supplied on the command line. Spaces and symbols such as a "/" or a "-" may be used to allow the command processor to parse the command line into filenames, file specifications, and other options.

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IF is a conditional statement, that allows branching of the program execution. It evaluates the specified condition, and only if it is true, then it executes the remainder of the command line. Otherwise, it skips the remainder of the line and continues with next command line.

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are provided for common tasks such as listing files on a disk or moving files. Some commands are built into the command interpreter; others exist as external commands on disk. Over multiple generations, commands were added for additional functions. In

1865:"is much better and faster than the old BACKUP command used in earlier versions of DOS, but it does lack some of the advanced features found in backup software packages that are sold separately. There is another offering, named MWBACKUP, that is 128:

Sets the path to be searched for data files or displays the current search path. The APPEND command is similar to the PATH command that tells DOS where to search for program files (files with a .COM, . EXE, or .BAT file name extension).

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The MSD command provides detailed technical information about the computer's hardware and software. MSD was new in MS-DOS 6; the PC DOS version of this command is QCONFIG. The command appeared first in Word2, and then in Windows 3.10.

2997:) which removes the disk's file table without deleting any of the data. The same version also introduced the UNFORMAT command to undo the effects of a quick format, restoring the file table and making all the files accessible again. 1417:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 thru Windows XP. Full-screen command help is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later. Beginning with Windows XP, the command processor "DOS" offers builtin-help for commands by using

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on disk. When the user types a line of text at the operating system command prompt, COMMAND.COM will parse the line and attempt to match a command name to a built-in command or to the name of an executable program file or

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later. This command does a computer setup. With all computers running DOS versions 5 and later, it runs the computer setup, such as Windows 95 setup and Windows 98 setup.

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The MSHERC.COM (also QBHERC.COM) was a TSR graphics driver supplied with Microsoft QuickC, QuickBASIC, and the C Compiler, to allow use of the Hercules adapter high-resolution graphics capability (720 x 348, 2 colors).

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Exits the current command processor. If the exit is used at the primary command, it has no effect unless in a DOS window under Microsoft Windows, in which case the window is closed and the user returns to the desktop.

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In later versions of DR-DOS 6, NLSFUNC relocated itself into the HiMem area, thereby freeing a portion of the nearly invaluable lower 640KiB that constituted the ”conventional” memory available to software.

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DOS line-editor. It can be used with a script file, like debug, this makes it of some use even today. The absence of a console editor in MS-DOS/PC DOS 1–4 created an after-market for third-party editors.

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command, this command cannot be used to rename subdirectories, or rename files across drives. Mass renames can be accomplished by the use of the wildcards characters asterisk (*) and question mark (?).

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SetVer is a TSR program designed to return a different value to the version of DOS that is running. This allows programs that look for a specific version of DOS to run under a different DOS.

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The POWER command is used to turn power management on and off, report the status of power management, and set levels of power conservation. It is an external command implemented as POWER.EXE.

2126:. This command was introduced in MS-DOS version 2. Before that there was no built-in support for background printing files. The user would usually use the copy command to copy files to LPT1. 875:, included with MS-DOS versions 5 and 6, OS/2 and Windows NT to 4.0 The corresponding program in Windows 95 and later, and Windows 2000 and later is Edit v2.0. PC DOS 6 and later use the 195:

5 and MS-DOS 6 (PC DOS 7 had a deversioned check). In DOS 6, these were replaced by commercial programs (CPBACKUP, MSBACKUP), which allowed files to be restored to different locations.

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The command redirects requests for disk operations on one drive to a different drive. It can also display drive assignments or reset all drive letters to their original assignments.

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A utility to make a volume bootable. Sys rewrites the Volume Boot Code (the first sector of the partition that SYS is acting on) so that the code, when executed, will look for

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in Windows NT 2000, 4DOS, 4OS2, 4NT, and a number of third-party solutions allow direct entry of environment variables from the command prompt. From at least Windows 2000, the

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Loads a program above the first 64K of memory, and runs the program. The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later. It is included only in MS-DOS/PC DOS. DR-DOS used

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DOS 6 was the last version to contain EDLIN; for MS-DOS 6, it's on the supplemental disks, while PC DOS 6 had it in the base install. Windows NT 32-bit, and OS/2 have Edlin.

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statement. This says to the interpreter that echoing of commands should be off during the whole execution of the batch file, thus resulting in a "tidier" output (the

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The argument does not need to refer to an existing file or directory: TRUENAME will output the absolute pathname as if it did. Also TRUENAME does not search in the

2904:" defines it as a "Reserved command name". It is available in MS-DOS version 5.00 and later, including the DOS 7 and 8 in Windows 95/98/ME. The C library function 219:

computers had BASIC 1.1 in ROM, and IBM's versions of BASIC used code in this ROM-BASIC, which allowed for extra memory in the code area. BASICA last appeared in

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The command interpreter preserves the case of whatever parameters are passed to commands, but the command names themselves and file names are case-insensitive.

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is that it is more reliable and has the ability to run a surface scan which finds and marks bad clusters on the disk. It also provided mouse point-and-click

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Internal command that expands the name of a file, directory, or drive, and display its absolute pathname as the result. It will expand relative pathnames,

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Loads extended Nationalization and Localization Support from COUNTRY.SYS, and changed the codepage of drivers and system modules resident in RAM.

2611:. This is done by changing the position of replaceable parameters. It replaces each of the replacement parameters with the subsequent one (e.g. 2908:

performs this function. The Microsoft Windows NT command processors do not support this command, including the versions of command.com for NT.

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Another important use of the echo command is to toggle echoing of commands on and off in batch files. Traditionally batch files begin with the

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programming language for PCs. Implementing BASIC in this way was very common in operating systems on 8- and 16-bit machines made in the 1980s.

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Displays memory usage. It is capable of displaying program size and status, memory in use, and internal drivers. It is an external command.

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In the list below, commands that can accept more than one file name, or a filename including wildcards (* and ?), are said to accept a

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 through 5. It is available separately for versions 6.2 and later on the Supplemental Disk.

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Copy entire directory trees. Xcopy is a version of the copy command that can move files and directories from one location to another.

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Allows the user to test the availability of a network connection to a specified host. Hostnames are usually resolved to IP addresses.

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command (for numeric choices) or by beginning a command with a question mark. This command was formerly called ync (yes-no-cancel).

3903: 2968:. By default all recoverable files in the working directory are restored; options are used to change this behavior. If the MS-DOS 4525: 4146: 3979: 1474:. The server-side version of InterLnk, it also immobilizes the machine it's running on as it is an active app (As opposed to a 3377: 3939: 3555: 2435:

had surface scan and bad cluster detection functionality included, and was used again on Windows NT-based operating systems.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 through 5. It is available separately for version 6 on the Supplemental Disk.

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The version included with MS-DOS 4 and PC DOS 4 is no longer a simple command-line utility, but a full-fledged installer.

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The command is available in MS-DOS version 5. It is available separately for versions 6.2 and later on Supplemental Disk.

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which has slightly different syntax. This command is not present in Windows 7 and 8. In Windows 10, the command switch is

357:) for file system integrity. The command has the ability to fix errors on a volume and recover information from defective 3591: 3014:

An internal DOS command, that reports the DOS version presently running, and since MS-DOS 5, whether DOS is loaded high.

1700:); however, they could be obtained from Microsoft's FTP server as part of the OLDDOS.EXE package, alongside other tools. 1493:

The JOIN command attaches a drive letter to a specified directory on another drive. The opposite can be achieved via the

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Starting with version 6, MS-DOS included the external program MemMaker which was used to free system memory (especially

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It is an external command, graphically displays the path of each directory and sub-directories on the specified drive.

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Remove a directory (delete a directory); by default the directories must be empty of files for the command to succeed.

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of the drive/partition, and reformats it for MS-DOS. In most cases, this should only be used on floppy drives or other

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From DOS 3.0 through 3.21, there are instead per-country commands, namely KEYBFR, KEYBGR, KEYBIT, KEYBSP and KEYBUK.

543:(Not a command: This is a batch file added to DOS 6.X Supplemental Disks to help create DoubleSpace boot floppies.) 4471: 158: 4061: 3096: 2054: 2037: 1323:

command transfers execution to a specified label. Labels are specified at the beginning of a line, with a colon (

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BASIC was dropped after MS-DOS 4, and PC DOS 5.02. OS/2 (which uses PC DOS 5), has it, while MS-DOS 5 does not.

1681:. The whole process required two system restarts. Before the first restart the user was asked whether to enable 4562: 2062:

It is not included in many DOS versions; typically ones with network stacks will have it as a diagnostic tool.

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The CHOICE command is used in batch files to prompt the user to select one item from a set of single-character

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for machines with no ROM-BASIC. Some OEM releases had basic.com and basica.com as loaders for GW-BASIC.EXE.

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The Telnet Client is a tool for developers and administrators to help manage and test network connectivity.

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to sort lines in the input data stream and send them to the output data stream. Similar to the Unix command

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The external command SIZER.EXE is not intended to be started directly from the command prompt. Is used by

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A TSR program to enable the sending of graphical screen dump to printer by pressing <Print Screen>.

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The MIRROR command saves disk storage information that can be used to recover accidentally erased files.

4557: 4002: 2604: 2388: 1906: 1802:. While viewing MORE text, the return key displays the next line, the space bar displays the next page. 1291: 1056:(.CAB). The command dates back to 1990 and was supplied on floppy disc for MS-DOS versions 5 and later. 1053: 91:(file specification) parameter. Commands that can accept only a single file name are said to accept a 3961: 2497: 2276: 2900:

of mapped network or local CD drives. This command is an undocumented DOS command. The help switch "

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This command is no longer included in DOS Version 5 and later, where it has been replaced by SETUP.

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Iteration: repeats a command for each out of a specified set of files. The FOR loop can be used to

1215: 4396: 3427: 1586:, which opened or closed lower, upper, and video memory access, to block the lower 64K of memory. 4311: 4306: 4151: 4043: 3000:

UNFORMAT only works if invoked before any further changes have overwritten the drive's contents.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS 2.0 releases and later.

1182: 1103:. It is included on the MS-DOS 6 Supplemental Disk. AccessDOS assists persons with disabilities. 1002: 342: 72:

on disk. If no match is found, an error message is printed, and the command prompt is refreshed.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 2 and later.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 2.1 and later.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 1 and later.

1531:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.1 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 3 and later.

1400:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 2 and later.

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symbol declares that this particular command (echo off) should also be executed without echo.)

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later and IBM PC DOS releases 1 and later.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 through 5 and IBM PC DOS releases 1 through 5.

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Many commands are the same across many DOS systems, but some differ in command syntax or name.

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The MSBACKUP command is used to backup or restore one or more files from one disk to another.

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The CHDIR (or the alternative name CD) command either displays or changes the current working

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PC DOS uses another program called RamBoost to optimize memory, working either with PC DOS's

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 through 5 and IBM PC DOS releases 2 through 5.

3909: 3797: 3736: 2988: 2192:), which displays the drive and current path as the prompt, but can be changed to anything. 2021: 1285: 957:

The EMM386 command enables or disables EMM386 expanded-memory support on a computer with an

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and 4 and IBM PC DOS releases 3 through 4.

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command allows the user to change the prompt in the command screen. The default prompt is

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 4 and later and DR DOS releases 5.0 and later.

1177:. FDISK has the ability to display information about, create, and delete DOS partitions or 4201: 3966: 3922: 3879: 3330: 2808: 2587: 2117: 2015: 1682: 1523: 1299: 1170: 746: 590: 570: 265: 77: 3751: 2726:

A utility to map a subdirectory to a drive letter. The opposite can be achieved via the

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The GRAFTABL command enables the display of an extended character set in graphics mode.

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Configures system devices. Changes graphics modes, adjusts keyboard settings, prepares

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and restore files from an external disk. These appeared in version 2, and continued to

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Changes the label on a logical drive, such as a hard disk partition or a floppy disk.

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The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later – primarily non-IBM releases.

1068: 926: 768: 512: 17: 4551: 4446: 4301: 4196: 3756: 3460: 3038: 3009: 2742: 2570: 2384: 2356: 1674: 1471: 866: 835:(Hence the name, ECHO) Usually, this means directly to the screen, but the output of 687: 613: 403: 311: 3671: 1019:

combined in the input .exe file must be less than 64 KB. The file must also have no

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The command has the ability to analyze the file fragmentation on a disk drive or to

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Starts a batch file from within another batch file and returns when that one ends.

1052:

The Microsoft File Expansion Utility is used to uncompress one or more compressed

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TSR program is used, then deletion tracking files are created and can be used by

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utility, starting with MS-DOS version 6.2 and later. Its primary advantages over

662:. In Windows NT, the functionality provided exists but is handled by the command 4466: 4131: 3101: 2789: 2756: 2705: 2123: 1207: 1132: 998: 958: 872: 831:

The ECHO command prints its own arguments back out to the DOS equivalent of the

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There are several guides to DOS commands available that are licensed under the

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A command for copying the complete contents of a diskette to another diskette.

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can be redirected, like any other command, to files or devices. Often used in

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functionality, and improved editing features to the command-line interpreter.

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utility supplied with MS-DOS version 6.0 (released in 1993) and version 6.2.

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A Collection of Undocumented and Obscure Features in Various MS-DOS Versions

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command allows for the evaluation of strings into variables, thus providing

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In DOS 5, an extra command "?" was added to give the user much-needed help.

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specification, written in 1999, for how DOS commands should work in FreeDOS

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Running MS-DOS Version 6.22 (20th Anniversary Edition), 6th Revised edition

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An internal command that displays the disk volume label and serial number.

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If no parameter is provided, the command will display the current setting.

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text, so that one can view files containing more than one screen of text.

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contains the official Microsoft MS-DOS 6 command reference documentation.

3650: 3475:"Q117600: MS-DOS 6.22 Supplemental Disk: Description & How to Obtain" 2897: 2674: 2431:, allowing for interactive session to complement command-line batch run. 1693: 1595: 1346: 1264: 1126: 1005: 723: 702: 618:

DEL (or the alternative form ERASE) is used to delete one or more files.

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source and destination, and can be used to install DOS to the harddisk.

227:(2.0 and later), the version had ROM-BASIC moved into the program code. 4506: 4476: 4431: 4406: 4341: 4336: 4326: 4231: 4221: 4211: 4191: 4161: 4136: 4113: 4108: 4098: 4023: 3503: 3106: 2506: 1302:. This command can potentially erase everything on a computer's drive. 984: 630: 56: 3932: 4486: 4481: 4381: 4371: 4366: 4346: 4296: 4261: 4186: 4141: 4083: 4056: 2947:); however this won't work for large files—use copy command instead. 2748: 2263: 1891: 1881: 1708: 917: 740: 655: 648: 598: 387: 336: 188: 170: 113: 28: 3412:"Q100021: Unable to Access Compressed Drives Using DBLBOOT.BAT Disk" 3927: 3060:

A TSR program that continuously monitors the computer for viruses.

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On earlier DOS versions the memory usage could be shown by running

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and send these to the output data stream. It may also be used as a

4501: 4436: 4426: 4411: 4376: 4266: 4226: 4088: 4078: 3439: 3072: 2928:

command is frequently used in conjunction with this command, e.g.

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The MSBACKUP command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

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Show differences between any two files, or any two sets of files.

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Show differences between any two files, or any two sets of files.

307: 210: 2709:. Handles files up to 64k. This sort is always case insensitive. 1711:

or a third-party memory manager. RamBoost was licensed to IBM by

1233:-like utility. Among its uses is the logical-OR lacking in FIND. 4496: 4421: 4401: 4351: 4316: 4166: 3461:"Q97835: COMMANDS.TXT: Supplemental Disk Commands (Part 2 of 2)" 3055: 2763:

rewrite the Master Boot Record, contrary to widely held belief.

2035:

Suspends processing of a batch program and displays the message

1869:-oriented. It was introduced for Windows for Workgroups (3.11). 1838: 1478:) which must be running for any transfer to take place. DR-DOS' 1314: 1252:

files with one or more of the above-listed words YES, NO, MAYBE.

994: 382:. Choice was introduced as an external command with MS-DOS 6.0; 224: 3975: 3915: 3876:

MS-DOS Commands: Microsoft Quick Reference, 4th Revised edition

3514: 76:

accessible disk, either on the current drive or on the command

55:, a command prompt window that uses many of the same commands, 4124: 3109:– command-line interpreter in various Windows and OS/2 systems 2637: 2524: 2442: 2210: 2133: 2069: 1963: 1919: 1887: 1722: 1538: 1350: 1131:

A command that provides accelerated access to frequently-used

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keys have been pressed before carrying out a program request.

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and waits for the user to enter a new time. Complements the

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command. It also provides a full-screen mode, similar to the

2592:

Installs support for file sharing and locking capabilities.

2419:

Disk diagnostic utility. Scandisk was a replacement for the

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a drive. This command is called DEFRAG in MS-DOS/PC DOS and

3906: : Microsoft TechNet Database "Command-Line Reference" 3700:

https://www.pcjs.org/pubs/pc/reference/microsoft/kb/Q44273/

3087:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later.

2813:

Enables a user to change the title of their MS-DOS window.

2733:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.1 and later.

2394:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later.

2006:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later.

1688:

MEMMAKER.EXE and SIZER.EXE were developed for Microsoft by

1600:

A command that loads a program into the upper memory area.

1511:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later.

1173:. The name derives from IBM's habit of calling hard drives 1138:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later.

327:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later.

273:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.3 and later.

132:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3.2 and later.

493:

and prompts the user to enter a new date. Complements the

245:

This command is used to instruct DOS to check whether the

3063:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

3046:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

3029:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

3017:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

2979:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

2950:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

2799:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

2766:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

2712:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

2691:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

2630:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

2595:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 and later.

2578:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

2503:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

2369:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

2331:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 through 5.

2299:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

2282:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

2108:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

2045:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

2027:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1897:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

1846:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

1825:

DR-DOS used a separate command for renaming directories,

1822:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

1805:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1631:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1603:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

1451:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1389:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 through 5.

1330:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1305:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

1276:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1221:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

1044:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

964:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

857:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

756:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 5 and later.

731:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

621:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

604:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 6 and later.

500:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

481:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

466:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

432:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

415:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

364:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 1 and later.

294:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

256:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 2 and later.

179:

The command is available in MS-DOS versions 3 and later.

2328:

error recovery utility included in MS-DOS / IBM PC DOS.

1673:

files. This was usually done by moving TSR programs and

799:

Displays how much memory various DOS components occupy.

478:

device (for example, COM1) to use for input and output.

2654: 2541: 2459: 2383:

A command that is used to replace one or more existing

2306:

command in some versions of MS-DOS and all versions of

2227: 2196:, displays the current system date as the prompt. Type 2150: 2086: 1980: 1936: 1739: 1555: 1367: 1080: 938: 780: 524: 2751:. SYS also copies the core DOS system files, IO.SYS, 1508:

The KEYB command is used to select a keyboard layout.

3080:

XCOPY usage and attributes can be obtained by typing

2993:

MS-DOS version 5 introduced the quick format option (

2849:

For example, in DOS 7.1, if the current directory is

1843:

A command that scans the computer for known viruses.

654:. It is specifically available only in versions of 4249: 4122: 4010: 2937: 2873:For example, in DOS 5, if the current directory is 2624: 2620: 2616: 2612: 1324: 707:A command for comparing the complete contents of a 3755: 302:The command either displays or changes the active 429:Start a new instance of the command interpreter. 27:This article presents a list of commands used by 3853:Special Edition Using MS-DOS 6.22, Third Edition 1099:FAKEMOUS is an IBM PS/2 mouse utility used with 157:Lists connections and addresses seen by Windows 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3308: 3306: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3246: 3244: 3242: 3240: 3238: 3236: 3234: 3232: 3230: 3228: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3220: 3218: 3216: 3214: 3212: 3210: 3208: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 3188: 3186: 3184: 3182: 3180: 3178: 3176: 3174: 3172: 3170: 3168: 3166: 3164: 3162: 3160: 3158: 2122:The PRINT command adds or removes files in the 112:A partial list of the most common commands for 3712:"MS-DOS and Windows command line ping command" 3156: 3154: 3152: 3150: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3142: 3140: 3138: 3987: 3725:MS-DOS and Windows command line power command 2200:in the cmd screen for help on this function. 1653:could be used to only show the memory usage. 575:A very primitive assembler and disassembler. 314:. Similar functionality can be achieved with 8: 3962:Reference for windows commands with examples 3605:MS-DOS and Windows command line msav command 43:and are not part of the scope of this list. 39:. Many unrelated disk operating systems use 3910:The MS-DOS 6 Technical Reference on TechNet 3372: 3370: 2846:directories, to find the actual directory. 2361:The REN command renames a file. Unlike the 1886:MSCDEX is a driver executable which allows 1482:is executed on both the client and server. 817:utility supplied with MS-DOS version 6.22. 643:command is included in certain versions of 636:can be used to delete the whole directory. 4531: 4016: 3994: 3980: 3972: 3499: 3497: 3495: 2517:a means of performing integer arithmetic. 1210:that contain or don't contain a specified 1117:Provides information for MS-DOS commands. 1008:, which is a memory image of the program. 390:supported this function with the built-in 3928:MDGx MS-DOS Undocumented + Hidden Secrets 2936:. TYPE can be used to concatenate files ( 2607:to more than the standard ten for use in 1890:programs to recognize, read, and control 315: 3737:"Microsoft TechNet Rename (ren) article" 3423: 3421: 3081: 2677:during the memory-optimization process. 2197: 2193: 2189: 1423: 1419: 1169:The FDISK command manipulates hard disk 675: 671: 250: 246: 3134: 2403: 1229:The FINDSTR command is a GREP-oriented 2964:Restores file previously deleted with 2603:The SHIFT command increases number of 2042:, if not given other text to display. 386:7 and PC DOS 7.0. Earlier versions of 3401:Does not automatically appear in Help 2246:A utility inspired by the UNIX/XENIX 1665:) by automatically reconfiguring the 408:The CLS or CLRSCR command clears the 7: 3618:"It's 1994. So Where Are Your Data?" 1819:Moves files or renames directories. 3817:Client must be activated from Admin 3515:MS-DOS Version 4.10 Fujitsu ICL OEM 3428:Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0, Goupil OEM 1476:terminate-and-stay-resident program 1273:a file or the output of a command. 3762:. Nutshell handbook (2 ed.). 2343:) command, normally used within a 2270:integrated development environment 973: 176:files and also process all files. 25: 3933:MS-DOS v1.25 and v2.0 source code 3123:Timeline of DOS operating systems 1181:. It can also install a standard 4530: 4520: 4519: 3378:"Caldera DR-DOS 7.03 User Guide" 2641: 2528: 2446: 2214: 2137: 2073: 1967: 1923: 1773:, and sets up port redirection. 1726: 1692:and were eliminated starting in 1542: 1485:New in PC DOS 5.02, MS-DOS 6.0. 1354: 1067: 925: 767: 511: 463:Makes copies of existing files. 80:set in the command interpreter. 3682:from the original on 2024-01-09 2310:removes non-empty directories. 1414:Gives help about DOS commands. 843:to print text out to the user. 3940:GNU Free Documentation License 1: 3616:Peter H. Lewis (1994-01-04). 3118:List of CONFIG.SYS directives 2387:or add new files to a target 1574:Microsoft 8086 Object Linker 3634:Source: Zeos International: 3355:"MS-DOS choice command help" 2885:(which does not exist), not 2303: 4062:Multitasking MS-DOS 4.0/4.1 2759:, to the volume. SYS does 1206:to find lines in the input 4579: 4472:Technical Support SuperDOS 3572:"MS-DOS mode command help" 3070: 3053: 3036: 3007: 2986: 2957: 2915: 2896:This command displays the 2889:(which does and is in the 2820: 2806: 2781: 2740: 2719: 2684: 2585: 2568: 2412: 2376: 2354: 2317: 2289: 2261: 2173: 2115: 2052: 2020:Displays or sets a search 2013: 1904: 1879: 1836: 1812: 1783: 1649:. In DR DOS the parameter 1617: 1593: 1521: 1494: 1433: 1407: 1344: 1312: 1283: 1262: 1195: 1162: 1145: 1124: 1110: 1033: 982: 915: 894: 864: 824: 806: 738: 721: 700: 685: 628: 611: 582: 568: 550: 456: 439: 422: 401: 371: 341:CHKDSK verifies a storage 334: 280: 263: 202: 168: 139: 4515: 4019: 3916:DR-DOS 7.03 online manual 3651:"MS-DOS msd command help" 3529:. Digital Research. 1991. 3488:graftabl | Microsoft Docs 3097:Category:Windows commands 3084:in the DOS Command line. 2924: 2793: 2727: 2254:utility on UNIX systems. 2055:ping (networking utility) 2038:Press any key to continue 1011:The size of the resident 585:Microsoft Drive Optimizer 494: 316: 209:An implementation of the 46:In MS-DOS, many standard 3758:Windows XP in a nutshell 3540:Cooper, Jim (May 2001). 2855: 1239:"YES NO MAYBE" 1235: 35:, especially as used on 3874:Wolverton, Van (1990). 3637:"What is MWBACKUP.EXE?" 3325:Wolverton, Van (2003). 833:standard output stream. 658:6.0 and higher, and in 142:Drive letter assignment 4172:Datapac System Manager 4003:Disk operating systems 3904:Command-Line Reference 3672:"List of DOS commands" 3440:"expand - Windows CMD" 3113:Command-line interface 2605:replaceable parameters 2024:for executable files. 1798:may also be used as a 1713:Central Point Software 1690:Helix Software Company 1202:The FIND command is a 871:EDIT is a full-screen 187:These are commands to 18:INTERSVR (DOS command) 3828:"DOS Command: VERIFY" 3798:"Microsoft on "sort"" 3527:DR DOS 6.0 User Guide 3504:EasyDOS Command Index 2922:Displays a file. The 2858:C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM> 2498:environment variables 1907:Microsoft Diagnostics 1455:INTERSVR and INTERLNK 1133:files and directories 961:or higher processor. 140:Further information: 59:, can still be used. 3949:at SourceForge is a 3851:Cooper, Jim (2001). 3764:O'Reilly Media, Inc. 3754:; Troy Mott (2005). 2879:TRUENAME command.com 2860:TRUENAME ..\WIN.INI 1466:Network PCs using a 745:A command that adds 660:Microsoft Windows 9x 4332:DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11 4011:MS-DOS, IBM PC DOS, 3750:Karp, David Aaron; 2883:C:\TEMP\COMMAND.COM 1663:Conventional memory 1185:on the hard drive. 230:Microsoft released 4312:Concurrent DOS V60 4307:Concurrent DOS 68K 4152:Concurrent CP/M-86 4013:compatible systems 3921:2018-08-21 at the 3622:The New York Times 2918:TYPE (DOS command) 2887:C:\DOS\COMMAND.COM 2862:C:\WINDOWS\WIN.INI 2653:. You can help by 2540:. You can help by 2458:. You can help by 2415:Microsoft ScanDisk 2404:BACKUP and RESTORE 2226:. You can help by 2176:Prompt (computing) 2149:. You can help by 2085:. You can help by 1979:. You can help by 1935:. You can help by 1738:. You can help by 1554:. You can help by 1366:. You can help by 1183:master boot record 1079:. You can help by 937:. You can help by 779:. You can help by 523:. You can help by 183:BACKUP and RESTORE 63:Command processing 37:IBM PC compatibles 4545: 4544: 4052: 4051: 3777:978-0-596-00900-7 3543:Using MS-DOS 6.22 2851:C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM 2671: 2670: 2558: 2557: 2476: 2475: 2379:replace (command) 2320:recover (command) 2244: 2243: 2167: 2166: 2103: 2102: 1997: 1996: 1953: 1952: 1790:The MORE command 1756: 1755: 1572: 1571: 1384: 1383: 1179:logical DOS drive 1097: 1096: 955: 954: 887:up to version 7. 797: 796: 652:operating systems 645:Microsoft Windows 541: 540: 53:Microsoft Windows 33:operating systems 16:(Redirected from 4570: 4534: 4533: 4523: 4522: 4017: 3996: 3989: 3982: 3973: 3947:The FreeDOS Spec 3893: 3870: 3838: 3837: 3835: 3834: 3824: 3818: 3815: 3809: 3808: 3806: 3805: 3794: 3788: 3787: 3785: 3784: 3761: 3747: 3741: 3740: 3733: 3727: 3722: 3716: 3715: 3708: 3702: 3697: 3691: 3690: 3688: 3687: 3670:Brooks, Vernon. 3667: 3661: 3660: 3658: 3657: 3647: 3641: 3640: 3632: 3626: 3625: 3613: 3607: 3602: 3596: 3595: 3588: 3582: 3581: 3579: 3578: 3568: 3562: 3561: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3523: 3517: 3512: 3506: 3501: 3490: 3485: 3479: 3478: 3471: 3465: 3464: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3447: 3436: 3430: 3425: 3416: 3415: 3408: 3402: 3399: 3393: 3392: 3390: 3389: 3380:. Archived from 3374: 3365: 3364: 3362: 3361: 3351: 3345: 3344: 3322: 2996: 2989:format (command) 2946: 2944: 2940: 2935: 2927: 2907: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2870: 2863: 2859: 2852: 2845: 2708: 2666: 2663: 2645: 2638: 2626: 2622: 2618: 2614: 2553: 2550: 2532: 2525: 2512: 2471: 2468: 2450: 2443: 2434: 2426: 2422: 2364: 2239: 2236: 2218: 2211: 2187: 2183: 2162: 2159: 2141: 2134: 2098: 2095: 2077: 2070: 2041: 1992: 1989: 1971: 1964: 1948: 1945: 1927: 1920: 1828: 1751: 1748: 1730: 1723: 1652: 1648: 1567: 1564: 1546: 1539: 1379: 1376: 1358: 1351: 1326: 1294:entries and the 1286:format (command) 1240: 1171:partition tables 1092: 1089: 1071: 1064: 950: 947: 929: 922: 883:and DR-DOS used 853: 849: 815:disk compression 792: 789: 771: 764: 711:to another one. 669: 665: 642: 559:disk compression 536: 533: 515: 508: 374:choice (command) 345:(for example, a 323: 308:character glyphs 306:used to display 199:BASIC and BASICA 21: 4578: 4577: 4573: 4572: 4571: 4569: 4568: 4567: 4563:Microsoft lists 4548: 4547: 4546: 4541: 4511: 4250:Other platforms 4245: 4202:NetWare PalmDOS 4118: 4048: 4012: 4006: 4000: 3957:MS-DOS commands 3923:Wayback Machine 3900: 3890: 3880:Microsoft Press 3873: 3867: 3850: 3847: 3845:Further reading 3842: 3841: 3832: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3821: 3816: 3812: 3803: 3801: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3782: 3780: 3778: 3749: 3748: 3744: 3735: 3734: 3730: 3723: 3719: 3710: 3709: 3705: 3698: 3694: 3685: 3683: 3669: 3668: 3664: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3648: 3644: 3635: 3633: 3629: 3615: 3614: 3610: 3603: 3599: 3590: 3589: 3585: 3576: 3574: 3570: 3569: 3565: 3558: 3550:. p. 455. 3539: 3538: 3534: 3525: 3524: 3520: 3513: 3509: 3502: 3493: 3486: 3482: 3473: 3472: 3468: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3445: 3443: 3438: 3437: 3433: 3426: 3419: 3410: 3409: 3405: 3400: 3396: 3387: 3385: 3376: 3375: 3368: 3359: 3357: 3353: 3352: 3348: 3341: 3331:Microsoft Press 3324: 3323: 3136: 3131: 3093: 3083: 3075: 3069: 3058: 3052: 3041: 3035: 3023: 3012: 3006: 2994: 2991: 2985: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2962: 2956: 2942: 2938: 2929: 2923: 2920: 2914: 2905: 2903: 2892: 2886: 2882: 2878: 2874: 2872: 2868: 2865: 2864: 2861: 2857: 2850: 2843: 2841: 2836: 2825: 2819: 2811: 2809:title (command) 2805: 2786: 2780: 2772: 2745: 2739: 2724: 2718: 2704: 2697: 2689: 2683: 2667: 2661: 2658: 2651:needs expansion 2636: 2601: 2590: 2588:share (command) 2584: 2573: 2567: 2554: 2548: 2545: 2538:needs expansion 2523: 2510: 2494: 2472: 2466: 2463: 2456:needs expansion 2441: 2432: 2424: 2420: 2417: 2411: 2400: 2381: 2375: 2362: 2359: 2353: 2337: 2322: 2316: 2294: 2288: 2266: 2260: 2240: 2234: 2231: 2224:needs expansion 2209: 2199: 2195: 2191: 2185: 2181: 2178: 2172: 2163: 2157: 2154: 2147:needs expansion 2132: 2120: 2118:PRINT (command) 2114: 2099: 2093: 2090: 2083:needs expansion 2068: 2057: 2051: 2036: 2033: 2018: 2016:PATH (variable) 2012: 1993: 1987: 1984: 1977:needs expansion 1962: 1949: 1943: 1940: 1933:needs expansion 1918: 1909: 1903: 1884: 1878: 1852: 1841: 1835: 1826: 1817: 1811: 1788: 1782: 1767: 1752: 1746: 1743: 1736:needs expansion 1721: 1659: 1650: 1646: 1637: 1622: 1616: 1598: 1592: 1590:LOADHIGH and LH 1585: 1580: 1568: 1562: 1559: 1552:needs expansion 1537: 1526: 1524:label (command) 1520: 1506: 1491: 1481: 1462: 1457: 1438: 1432: 1425: 1421: 1412: 1406: 1395: 1380: 1374: 1371: 1364:needs expansion 1349: 1343: 1317: 1311: 1300:removable media 1288: 1282: 1267: 1261: 1248:would find all 1243: 1242: 1238: 1227: 1200: 1194: 1167: 1161: 1150: 1144: 1129: 1123: 1115: 1109: 1093: 1087: 1084: 1077:needs expansion 1062: 1050: 1038: 1032: 987: 981: 970: 951: 945: 942: 935:needs expansion 920: 914: 899: 893: 869: 863: 851: 847: 829: 823: 811: 805: 793: 787: 784: 777:needs expansion 762: 747:command history 743: 737: 726: 720: 705: 699: 690: 684: 677: 673: 667: 663: 640: 633: 627: 616: 610: 596: 587: 581: 573: 571:debug (command) 567: 555: 549: 537: 531: 528: 521:needs expansion 506: 487: 472: 461: 455: 444: 438: 427: 421: 410:terminal screen 406: 400: 376: 370: 339: 333: 322: 319:CON: CP SELECT= 300: 285: 279: 268: 266:start (command) 262: 252: 248: 243: 207: 201: 185: 173: 167: 155: 144: 138: 126: 120:follows below. 110: 95: 89: 65: 48:system commands 41:the DOS acronym 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 4576: 4574: 4566: 4565: 4560: 4550: 4549: 4543: 4542: 4540: 4539: 4528: 4516: 4513: 4512: 4510: 4509: 4504: 4499: 4494: 4489: 4484: 4479: 4474: 4469: 4464: 4459: 4454: 4449: 4444: 4439: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4389: 4384: 4379: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4319: 4314: 4309: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4264: 4259: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4246: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4229: 4224: 4219: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4169: 4164: 4159: 4157:Concurrent DOS 4154: 4149: 4144: 4139: 4134: 4129: 4127: 4120: 4119: 4117: 4116: 4111: 4106: 4101: 4096: 4091: 4086: 4081: 4076: 4071: 4070: 4069: 4064: 4053: 4050: 4049: 4047: 4046: 4041: 4036: 4031: 4026: 4020: 4014: 4008: 4007: 4001: 3999: 3998: 3991: 3984: 3976: 3970: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3936: 3935: 3930: 3925: 3913: 3907: 3899: 3898:External links 3896: 3895: 3894: 3889:978-1556152894 3888: 3871: 3866:978-0789725738 3865: 3857:Que Publishing 3846: 3843: 3840: 3839: 3819: 3810: 3789: 3776: 3742: 3728: 3717: 3703: 3692: 3662: 3642: 3627: 3608: 3597: 3583: 3563: 3556: 3548:Que Publishing 3532: 3518: 3507: 3491: 3480: 3466: 3452: 3431: 3417: 3403: 3394: 3366: 3346: 3339: 3133: 3132: 3130: 3127: 3126: 3125: 3120: 3115: 3110: 3104: 3099: 3092: 3089: 3071:Main article: 3068: 3065: 3054:Main article: 3051: 3048: 3037:Main article: 3034: 3031: 3022: 3019: 3008:Main article: 3005: 3002: 2984: 2981: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2958:Main article: 2955: 2952: 2932:long-text-file 2916:Main article: 2913: 2910: 2901: 2890: 2856: 2839: 2835: 2832: 2823:tree (command) 2821:Main article: 2818: 2815: 2807:Main article: 2804: 2801: 2784:TIME (command) 2782:Main article: 2779: 2776: 2771: 2768: 2741:Main article: 2738: 2735: 2720:Main article: 2717: 2714: 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1675:device drivers 1658: 1655: 1636: 1633: 1618:Main article: 1615: 1612: 1594:Main article: 1591: 1588: 1583: 1579: 1576: 1570: 1569: 1549: 1547: 1536: 1533: 1522:Main article: 1519: 1516: 1505: 1502: 1490: 1487: 1479: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1434:Main article: 1431: 1428: 1410:help (command) 1408:Main article: 1405: 1402: 1394: 1391: 1382: 1381: 1361: 1359: 1345:Main article: 1342: 1339: 1313:Main article: 1310: 1307: 1296:root directory 1284:Main article: 1281: 1278: 1263:Main article: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1255: 1254: 1253: 1236: 1226: 1223: 1198:Find (Windows) 1196:Main article: 1193: 1190: 1163:Main article: 1160: 1157: 1146:Main article: 1143: 1140: 1125:Main article: 1122: 1119: 1113:help (command) 1108: 1105: 1095: 1094: 1074: 1072: 1061: 1058: 1049: 1046: 1036:exit (command) 1034:Main article: 1031: 1028: 997:) file into a 983:Main article: 980: 977: 969: 966: 953: 952: 932: 930: 916:Main article: 913: 910: 895:Main article: 892: 889: 865:Main article: 862: 859: 827:echo (command) 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4488: 4485: 4483: 4480: 4478: 4475: 4473: 4470: 4468: 4465: 4463: 4460: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4450: 4448: 4447:Sinclair QDOS 4445: 4443: 4440: 4438: 4435: 4433: 4430: 4428: 4425: 4423: 4420: 4418: 4415: 4413: 4410: 4408: 4405: 4403: 4400: 4398: 4395: 4393: 4390: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4380: 4378: 4375: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4318: 4315: 4313: 4310: 4308: 4305: 4303: 4302:Commodore DOS 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4265: 4263: 4260: 4258: 4255: 4254: 4252: 4248: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4228: 4225: 4223: 4220: 4218: 4215: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4197:Multiuser DOS 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4168: 4165: 4163: 4160: 4158: 4155: 4153: 4150: 4148: 4145: 4143: 4140: 4138: 4135: 4133: 4130: 4128: 4126: 4121: 4115: 4112: 4110: 4107: 4105: 4102: 4100: 4097: 4095: 4092: 4090: 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3424: 3422: 3418: 3413: 3407: 3404: 3398: 3395: 3384:on 2015-09-23 3383: 3379: 3373: 3371: 3367: 3356: 3350: 3347: 3342: 3340:0-7356-1812-7 3336: 3332: 3328: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3247: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3239: 3237: 3235: 3233: 3231: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3217: 3215: 3213: 3211: 3209: 3207: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3189: 3187: 3185: 3183: 3181: 3179: 3177: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3169: 3167: 3165: 3163: 3161: 3159: 3157: 3155: 3153: 3151: 3149: 3147: 3145: 3143: 3141: 3139: 3135: 3128: 3124: 3121: 3119: 3116: 3114: 3111: 3108: 3105: 3103: 3100: 3098: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3088: 3085: 3078: 3074: 3066: 3064: 3061: 3057: 3049: 3047: 3044: 3040: 3039:vol (command) 3032: 3030: 3027: 3020: 3018: 3015: 3011: 3010:ver (command) 3003: 3001: 2998: 2990: 2982: 2980: 2977: 2961: 2953: 2951: 2948: 2933: 2926: 2919: 2911: 2909: 2899: 2898:UNC pathnames 2894: 2881:will display 2854: 2847: 2833: 2831: 2828: 2824: 2816: 2814: 2810: 2802: 2800: 2797: 2795: 2791: 2785: 2777: 2775: 2769: 2767: 2764: 2762: 2758: 2754: 2750: 2744: 2743:SYS (command) 2736: 2734: 2731: 2729: 2723: 2715: 2713: 2710: 2707: 2702: 2694: 2692: 2688: 2680: 2678: 2676: 2665: 2656: 2652: 2649:This section 2647: 2644: 2640: 2639: 2633: 2631: 2628: 2610: 2606: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2589: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2572: 2571:ver (command) 2564: 2562: 2552: 2543: 2539: 2536:This section 2534: 2531: 2527: 2526: 2520: 2518: 2516: 2508: 2504: 2501: 2499: 2491: 2489: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2470: 2461: 2457: 2454:This section 2452: 2449: 2445: 2444: 2438: 2436: 2430: 2416: 2408: 2406: 2405: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2390: 2386: 2380: 2372: 2370: 2367: 2358: 2357:ren (command) 2350: 2348: 2346: 2342: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2321: 2313: 2311: 2309: 2305: 2300: 2297: 2293: 2285: 2283: 2280: 2278: 2275: 2271: 2265: 2257: 2255: 2253: 2249: 2238: 2229: 2225: 2222:This section 2220: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2206: 2204: 2201: 2177: 2169: 2161: 2152: 2148: 2145:This section 2143: 2140: 2136: 2135: 2129: 2127: 2125: 2119: 2111: 2109: 2106: 2097: 2088: 2084: 2081:This section 2079: 2076: 2072: 2071: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2056: 2048: 2046: 2043: 2039: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2017: 2009: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1991: 1982: 1978: 1975:This section 1973: 1970: 1966: 1965: 1959: 1957: 1947: 1938: 1934: 1931:This section 1929: 1926: 1922: 1921: 1915: 1913: 1908: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1889: 1883: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1864: 1860: 1855: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1840: 1832: 1830: 1823: 1820: 1816: 1808: 1806: 1803: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1787: 1779: 1777: 1774: 1772: 1764: 1762: 1759: 1750: 1741: 1737: 1734:This section 1732: 1729: 1725: 1724: 1718: 1716: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1701: 1699: 1695: 1691: 1686: 1684: 1680: 1676: 1672: 1668: 1664: 1656: 1654: 1643: 1640: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1621: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1606:It is called 1604: 1601: 1597: 1589: 1587: 1577: 1575: 1566: 1557: 1553: 1550:This section 1548: 1545: 1541: 1540: 1534: 1532: 1529: 1525: 1517: 1515: 1512: 1509: 1503: 1501: 1498: 1496: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1477: 1473: 1472:LapLink cable 1469: 1464: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1429: 1427: 1415: 1411: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1378: 1369: 1365: 1362:This section 1360: 1357: 1353: 1352: 1348: 1340: 1338: 1336: 1331: 1328: 1322: 1316: 1308: 1306: 1303: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1287: 1279: 1277: 1274: 1272: 1266: 1258: 1251: 1247: 1246: 1245: 1244: 1234: 1232: 1224: 1222: 1219: 1217: 1213: 1209: 1205: 1199: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1180: 1176: 1172: 1166: 1158: 1156: 1153: 1149: 1141: 1139: 1136: 1134: 1128: 1120: 1118: 1114: 1106: 1104: 1102: 1091: 1082: 1078: 1075:This section 1073: 1070: 1066: 1065: 1059: 1057: 1055: 1054:cabinet files 1047: 1045: 1042: 1037: 1029: 1027: 1024: 1022: 1021:stack segment 1018: 1017:data sections 1014: 1009: 1007: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 986: 978: 976: 975: 974:DEL and ERASE 967: 965: 962: 960: 949: 940: 936: 933:This section 931: 928: 924: 923: 919: 911: 909: 906: 903: 898: 890: 888: 886: 882: 880: 874: 868: 867:MS-DOS Editor 860: 858: 855: 844: 842: 838: 834: 828: 820: 818: 816: 810: 802: 800: 791: 782: 778: 775:This section 773: 770: 766: 765: 759: 757: 754: 752: 748: 742: 734: 732: 729: 725: 717: 715: 712: 710: 704: 696: 694: 689: 688:dir (command) 681: 679: 661: 657: 653: 650: 646: 637: 632: 624: 622: 619: 615: 614:del (command) 608:DEL and ERASE 607: 605: 602: 600: 592: 586: 578: 576: 572: 564: 562: 560: 554: 546: 544: 535: 526: 522: 519:This section 517: 514: 510: 509: 503: 501: 498: 496: 492: 489:Displays the 484: 482: 479: 477: 469: 467: 464: 460: 452: 450: 447: 443: 435: 433: 430: 426: 418: 416: 413: 411: 405: 404:CLS (command) 397: 395: 393: 389: 385: 381: 375: 367: 365: 362: 361:of a volume. 360: 356: 352: 348: 344: 338: 330: 328: 325: 318: 313: 309: 305: 297: 295: 292: 290: 284: 276: 274: 271: 267: 259: 257: 254: 240: 238: 235: 233: 228: 226: 223:5.02, and in 222: 218: 214: 212: 206: 198: 196: 194: 190: 182: 180: 177: 172: 164: 162: 160: 152: 150: 147: 143: 135: 133: 130: 123: 121: 119: 115: 107: 105: 102: 99: 96: 90: 88: 81: 79: 73: 71: 62: 60: 58: 54: 49: 44: 42: 38: 34: 30: 19: 4558:DOS commands 4322:Cromemco DOS 4277:Apple ProDOS 4038: 3937: 3875: 3852: 3831:. Retrieved 3822: 3813: 3802:. Retrieved 3800:. 2014-02-20 3792: 3781:. Retrieved 3757: 3752:Tim O'Reilly 3745: 3731: 3720: 3706: 3695: 3684:. Retrieved 3676:PC DOS Retro 3675: 3665: 3654:. Retrieved 3645: 3630: 3621: 3611: 3600: 3586: 3575:. Retrieved 3566: 3542: 3535: 3526: 3521: 3510: 3483: 3469: 3455: 3444:. Retrieved 3434: 3406: 3397: 3386:. Retrieved 3382:the original 3358:. Retrieved 3349: 3326: 3086: 3079: 3076: 3062: 3059: 3045: 3042: 3028: 3024: 3016: 3013: 2999: 2992: 2978: 2963: 2949: 2941:file1 file2 2931: 2921: 2895: 2866: 2848: 2842:drives, and 2837: 2829: 2826: 2812: 2798: 2788:Display the 2787: 2773: 2765: 2760: 2746: 2732: 2725: 2711: 2698: 2690: 2672: 2659: 2655:adding to it 2650: 2629: 2602: 2594: 2591: 2577: 2574: 2559: 2546: 2542:adding to it 2537: 2514: 2505: 2502: 2495: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2477: 2464: 2460:adding to it 2455: 2418: 2401: 2393: 2382: 2368: 2360: 2338: 2330: 2324:A primitive 2323: 2301: 2298: 2295: 2281: 2267: 2245: 2232: 2228:adding to it 2223: 2202: 2179: 2155: 2151:adding to it 2146: 2121: 2107: 2104: 2091: 2087:adding to it 2082: 2061: 2058: 2044: 2034: 2026: 2019: 2005: 2001: 1998: 1985: 1981:adding to it 1976: 1954: 1941: 1937:adding to it 1932: 1910: 1896: 1885: 1871: 1862: 1858: 1856: 1853: 1845: 1842: 1824: 1821: 1818: 1804: 1795: 1789: 1775: 1768: 1760: 1757: 1744: 1740:adding to it 1735: 1702: 1687: 1679:upper memory 1667:AUTOEXEC.BAT 1660: 1644: 1641: 1638: 1630: 1624:Makes a new 1623: 1607: 1605: 1602: 1599: 1581: 1573: 1560: 1556:adding to it 1551: 1530: 1527: 1513: 1510: 1507: 1499: 1492: 1484: 1465: 1458: 1450: 1443: 1439: 1436:Control flow 1416: 1413: 1399: 1396: 1388: 1385: 1372: 1368:adding to it 1363: 1332: 1329: 1320: 1318: 1304: 1290:Deletes the 1289: 1275: 1268: 1230: 1228: 1220: 1201: 1187: 1174: 1168: 1154: 1151: 1148:File Compare 1137: 1130: 1116: 1098: 1085: 1081:adding to it 1076: 1051: 1043: 1039: 1025: 1010: 989:Converts an 988: 971: 963: 956: 943: 939:adding to it 934: 907: 904: 900: 884: 878: 870: 856: 845: 836: 830: 812: 798: 785: 781:adding to it 776: 755: 744: 730: 727: 713: 706: 691: 638: 634: 620: 617: 603: 588: 574: 556: 542: 529: 525:adding to it 520: 499: 488: 480: 474:Defines the 473: 465: 462: 448: 445: 431: 428: 414: 407: 391: 379: 377: 363: 359:disk sectors 340: 326: 301: 293: 286: 283:cd (command) 277:CD and CHDIR 272: 269: 255: 244: 236: 229: 215: 208: 186: 178: 174: 156: 148: 145: 131: 127: 111: 108:DOS commands 103: 100: 92: 84: 82: 74: 66: 45: 26: 4467:SpartaDOS X 3102:COMMAND.COM 2790:system time 2757:COMMAND.COM 2609:batch files 2286:RD or RMDIR 2277:interpreter 2124:print queue 1614:MD or MKDIR 1610:in DR-DOS. 1463:in DR-DOS. 1459:In MS-DOS; 1446:Batch files 1335:Batch files 1208:data stream 1175:fixed disks 999:binary file 873:text editor 841:batch files 709:floppy disk 491:system date 425:COMMAND.COM 355:floppy disk 31:compatible 4552:Categories 4217:PC-MOS/386 4207:Novell DOS 4104:SISNE plus 4094:Novell DOS 4074:IBM PC DOS 4034:Comparison 3833:2014-09-10 3804:2014-09-10 3783:2010-11-26 3686:2024-01-09 3656:2014-09-10 3577:2014-09-10 3557:0789725738 3446:2022-08-27 3442:. SS64.com 3388:2014-09-10 3360:2014-09-10 3129:References 2987:See also: 2960:Undeletion 2687:SmartDrive 2569:See also: 2515:inter alia 2345:batch file 2326:filesystem 2308:Windows 9x 2235:April 2020 2194:PROMPT $ d 2190:PROMPT $ p 2174:See also: 2014:See also: 1861:said that 1771:code pages 1698:Windows 95 1683:EMS Memory 1671:CONFIG.SYS 1563:April 2020 1468:null modem 1111:See also: 991:executable 809:DriveSpace 788:April 2020 591:defragment 553:DriveSpace 384:Novell DOS 264:See also: 221:IBM PC DOS 118:IBM PC DOS 70:batch file 4462:SpartaDOS 4417:NewDos/80 4292:Atari TOS 4287:Atari DOS 4282:Apple SOS 4272:Apple DOS 3951:plaintext 2995:Format /Q 2796:command. 2753:MSDOS.SYS 2730:command. 2627:, etc.). 2549:July 2019 2467:July 2019 2389:directory 2198:PROMPT /? 1792:paginates 1626:directory 1497:command. 1470:cable or 1375:July 2019 1325::likethis 1101:AccessDOS 1003:extension 1001:with the 946:July 2019 848:@echo off 497:command. 347:hard disk 304:code page 289:directory 205:IBM BASIC 4526:Category 4492:TurboDOS 4457:SmartDOS 4397:MicroDOS 4257:AmigaDOS 4242:TurboDOS 4237:Towns OS 4182:K8918-OS 4177:DOS Plus 4067:MS-DOS 7 4039:Commands 4029:Timeline 3919:Archived 3766:p. 3680:Archived 3091:See also 3082:XCOPY /? 2983:UNFORMAT 2974:undelete 2954:UNDELETE 2906:realpath 2834:TRUENAME 2681:SMARTDRV 2675:MemMaker 2662:May 2019 2409:SCANDISK 2339:Remark ( 2158:May 2019 2130:PRINTFIX 2094:May 2019 1988:May 2019 1944:May 2019 1863:MSBACKUP 1850:MSBACKUP 1747:May 2019 1694:MS-DOS 7 1657:MEMMAKER 1596:LOADHIGH 1480:filelink 1461:filelink 1444:Used in 1393:GRAPHICS 1347:GRAFTABL 1341:GRAFTABL 1333:Used in 1265:For loop 1237:FINDSTR 1127:FASTOPEN 1121:FASTOPEN 1107:FASTHELP 1088:May 2019 1060:FAKEMOUS 803:DRVSPACE 724:diskcopy 718:DISKCOPY 703:diskcomp 697:DISKCOMP 676:RMDIR /S 547:DBLSPACE 532:May 2019 476:terminal 232:GW-BASIC 94:filename 87:filespec 4507:Z80-RIO 4477:Top-DOS 4432:RealDOS 4407:MSX-DOS 4342:DOS/360 4337:DIP DOS 4327:CSI-DOS 4232:SCP1700 4222:REAL/32 4212:OpenDOS 4192:MP/M-86 4162:CP/M-86 4137:4690 OS 4132:4680 OS 4114:FreeDOS 4109:PTS-DOS 4099:ROM-DOS 3107:cmd.exe 2877:, then 2875:C:\TEMP 2853:, then 2507:cmd.exe 2398:RESTORE 2373:REPLACE 2341:comment 2314:RECOVER 2304:deltree 1960:NLSFUNC 1892:CD-ROMs 1677:to the 1578:LOADFIX 1424:COPY /? 1225:FINDSTR 985:exe2bin 979:EXE2BIN 760:DOSSIZE 641:deltree 631:DELTREE 625:DELTREE 595:diskopt 504:DBLBOOT 419:COMMAND 380:choices 57:cmd.exe 4535: 4524: 4487:TRSDOS 4482:TR-DOS 4382:iS-DOS 4372:IDEDOS 4367:GEMDOS 4347:DOS XL 4297:BW-DOS 4262:AMSDOS 4187:FlexOS 4142:86-DOS 4123:Other 4084:DR-DOS 4057:MS-DOS 3886: 3863: 3774: 3592:"More" 3554: 3337: 3021:VERIFY 2970:mirror 2934:| more 2770:TELNET 2755:, and 2749:IO.SYS 2701:filter 2565:SETVER 2439:SELECT 2433:chkdsk 2425:chkdsk 2421:chkdsk 2264:QBasic 2258:QBASIC 2188:(i.e. 2182:PROMPT 2170:PROMPT 1916:MSHERC 1882:MSCDEX 1876:MSCDEX 1827:rendir 1800:filter 1719:MIRROR 1709:EMM386 1647:CHKDSK 1608:hiload 1584:memmax 1422:(e.g. 1280:FORMAT 1241:*.txt 1212:string 1204:filter 1048:EXPAND 918:EMM386 912:EMM386 885:editor 881:Editor 741:DOSKEY 735:DOSKEY 656:MS-DOS 649:MS-DOS 599:DR-DOS 579:DEFRAG 392:switch 388:DR-DOS 368:CHOICE 343:volume 337:CHKDSK 331:CHKDSK 193:PC DOS 189:backup 171:ATTRIB 165:ATTRIB 136:ASSIGN 124:APPEND 114:MS-DOS 29:MS-DOS 4502:Z-DOS 4437:SB-80 4427:PTDOS 4412:MyDOS 4377:IMDOS 4267:ANDOS 4227:SB-86 4089:H-DOS 4079:DOS/V 4044:Games 4005:(DOS) 3073:XCOPY 3067:XCOPY 3050:VSAFE 2945:file3 2930:type 2840:SUBST 2803:TITLE 2722:SUBST 2716:SUBST 2634:SIZER 2623:with 2615:with 2599:SHIFT 2582:SHARE 2521:SETUP 2496:Sets 2402:See: 2292:rmdir 2274:BASIC 2112:PRINT 2066:POWER 2040:. . . 2031:PAUSE 1705:HIMEM 1620:mkdir 1535:LINK4 1518:LABEL 1495:SUBST 1271:parse 1165:fdisk 1159:FDISK 972:See: 968:ERASE 959:80386 897:Edlin 891:EDLIN 751:macro 672:RD /S 668:rmdir 565:DEBUG 310:in a 251:Break 241:BREAK 211:BASIC 153:ATMDM 4537:List 4497:UDOS 4452:RDOS 4422:OS/M 4402:MP/M 4392:MDOS 4387:ISIS 4362:FLEX 4352:Edos 4317:CP/M 4167:CP/K 4147:ADOS 3884:ISBN 3861:ISBN 3772:ISBN 3552:ISBN 3335:ISBN 3056:MSAV 2943:> 2939:type 2925:more 2912:TYPE 2891:PATH 2869:PATH 2844:JOIN 2817:TREE 2794:DATE 2778:TIME 2728:JOIN 2706:sort 2695:SORT 2363:move 2302:The 2272:and 2180:The 2049:PING 2022:path 2010:PATH 1857:The 1839:MSAV 1833:MSAV 1809:MOVE 1796:More 1780:MORE 1765:MODE 1669:and 1504:KEYB 1489:JOIN 1404:HELP 1321:Goto 1319:The 1315:Goto 1309:GOTO 1231:FIND 1216:pipe 1192:FIND 1030:EXIT 1015:and 1013:code 1006:.com 995:.exe 877:DOS 861:EDIT 837:echo 821:ECHO 647:and 639:The 495:TIME 485:DATE 470:CTTY 453:COPY 436:COMP 317:MODE 298:CHCP 260:CALL 249:and 247:Ctrl 225:OS/2 116:and 78:path 4442:SCP 4357:EOS 4125:x86 4024:API 3768:422 3033:VOL 3004:VER 2966:del 2893:). 2761:not 2737:SYS 2657:. 2544:. 2511:set 2492:SET 2462:. 2429:TUI 2351:REN 2335:REM 2268:An 2252:top 2230:. 2186:$ p 2153:. 2089:. 1983:. 1939:. 1901:MSD 1888:DOS 1867:GUI 1742:. 1635:MEM 1558:. 1370:. 1327:). 1292:FAT 1259:FOR 1250:TXT 1083:. 941:. 783:. 682:DIR 674:or 666:or 597:in 527:. 398:CLS 353:or 321:yyy 217:IBM 159:ATM 4554:: 3942:: 3882:. 3878:. 3859:. 3855:. 3770:. 3678:. 3674:. 3620:. 3546:. 3494:^ 3420:^ 3369:^ 3333:. 3329:. 3137:^ 2976:. 2902:/? 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