695:
3160:
25:
431:
The PIN shall never appear where it can be associated with a customer's account. For example, a PIN mailer must not include the account number, but only sufficient information for its physical delivery (e.g. name and address). The PIN and the associated card shall not be mailed together, nor at the
172:– including transmission of PINs between those entities – so a common set of rules for handling and securing PINs is required, to ensure both technical compatibility and a mutually agreed level of security. ISO 9564 provides principles and techniques to meet these requirements.
428:, an envelope designed so that it can be printed without the PIN being visible (even at printing time) until the envelope is opened. A PIN mailer must also be constructed so that any prior opening will be obvious to the customer, who will then be aware that the PIN may have been disclosed.
290:
The keyboard layout should be standardized, with consistent and unambiguous labels for function keys, such as "enter", "clear" (this entry) and "cancel" (the transaction). The standard also recommends specific colours for function keys: green for "enter", yellow for "clear", red for
147:
system, and (typically) to authorize the transfer or withdrawal of funds. Therefore, it is important to protect PINs against unauthorized disclosure or misuse. Modern banking systems require interoperability between a variety of
2486:
441:
To protect the PIN during transmission from the PIN entry device to the verifier, the standard requires that the PIN be encrypted, and specifies several formats that may be used. In each case, the PIN is encoded into a
227:
Only the customer (i.e. the user of a card) and/or authorized card issuer staff shall be involved with PIN selection or issuing. Where card issuer staff are involved, appropriate strictly enforced procedures shall be
372:
The standard specifies that PINs shall be from four to twelve digits long, noting that longer PINs are more secure but harder to use. It also suggests that the issuer should not assign PINs longer than six digits.
326:
If the PIN entry device and the card reader are not both part of an integrated secure unit, then the PIN shall be encrypted while it is transmitted from the PIN entry device to the card reader.
782:
Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security — Part 1: Basic principles and requirements for PINs in card-based systems AMENDMENT 1
1998:
824:
Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security — Part 4: Requirements for PIN handling in eCommerce for Payment Transactions
616:
Format 3 is the same as format 0, except that the "fill" digits are random values from 10 to 15, and the first nibble (which identifies the block format) has the value 3.
768:
Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security — Part 1: Basic principles and requirements for PINs in card-based systems
1993:
1498:
876:
1720:
323:
should be constructed in such a way as to prevent someone monitoring the communications to the card by inserting a monitoring device into the card slot.
417:
The standard includes requirements for keeping the PIN secret while transmitting it, after generation, from the issuer to the customer. These include:
187:
ISO 9564-1:2011 specifies the basic principles and techniques of secure PIN management. It includes both general principles and specific requirements.
2795:
2715:
2506:
2501:
2347:
360:
The PIN shall not be communicated verbally. In particular bank personnel shall never ask the customer to disclose the PIN, nor recommend a PIN value.
2513:
810:
Banking — Personal
Identification Number management and security — Part 3: Requirements for offline PIN handling in ATM and POS systems
265:. These letters are only for the customers' convenience; internally, the PIN entry device only handles digits. (E.g. the standard does not support
867:
796:
Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security — Part 2: Approved algorithms for PIN encipherment
3046:
1408:
539:
This format should be used where no PAN is available. The PIN block is constructed by concatenating the PIN with a transaction number thus:
388:
The card issuer generates the PIN by applying some cryptographic function to the account number or other value associated with the customer.
3115:
2916:
2439:
1822:
1413:
1383:
284:
2760:
2090:
1887:
1211:
2287:
1311:
261:
All PIN entry devices shall allow entry of the digits zero to nine. Numeric keys may also have letters printed on them, e.g. as per
108:
46:
39:
2851:
2023:
1867:
652:
625:
312:
used for the card that will verify the PIN may be integrated into a single physically secure unit, but they do not need to be.
199:
PIN management functions shall be implemented in software and hardware in such a way that the functionality cannot be modified
2946:
2941:
2648:
129:
3189:
2740:
2070:
2003:
1583:
1231:
821:
793:
807:
663:
633:
89:
3085:
2563:
860:
779:
765:
61:
648:
ISO 9564-2:2014 specifies which encryption algorithms may be used for encrypting PINs. The approved algorithms are:
2745:
2653:
2603:
2362:
1695:
1690:
214:
35:
3011:
2956:
2735:
2720:
2700:
1978:
1398:
894:
725:
ISO 9564-4:2016 defines minimum security requirements and practices for the use of PINs and PIN entry devices in
629:
144:
269:
or similar.) The standard also recommends that customers should be warned that not all devices may have letters.
68:
3059:
2966:
2755:
2730:
1942:
1937:
608:(Except for the format value in the first nibble, this is identical to the plain text PIN field of format 0.)
424:
The PIN can only be displayed or printed for the customer in an appropriately secure manner. One method is a
2613:
2155:
2145:
2140:
1715:
1700:
1640:
1074:
1069:
1029:
397:
3184:
3163:
2931:
2921:
2050:
1468:
1049:
853:
524:
505:
125:
75:
2352:
2215:
1862:
1236:
1084:
1054:
947:
937:
898:
890:
563:
nibbles encoding a unique value, which may be a transaction sequence number, time stamp or random number
3110:
3016:
2750:
2725:
2568:
2409:
1847:
1650:
1523:
1306:
839:
57:
2951:
2690:
726:
2896:
2831:
1171:
657:
352:
133:
632:. However the standard allows for other encryption algorithms with larger block sizes, e.g. the
1725:
273:
2459:
2200:
1528:
679:
3069:
2790:
2695:
2449:
2377:
2372:
2367:
1852:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
283:
The PIN entry device should be designed or installed so as to prevent other people from
2357:
2105:
1917:
1780:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1104:
1094:
277:
200:
177:
Financial services — Personal
Identification Number (PIN) management and security
165:
694:
678:, most recently published in 2003, was withdrawn in 2011 and its contents merged into
82:
3178:
3145:
3120:
3105:
3041:
3036:
3031:
3026:
3021:
2866:
2811:
2780:
2770:
2633:
2623:
2593:
2588:
2538:
2518:
2496:
2481:
2434:
2399:
2342:
2337:
2327:
2205:
2150:
2125:
2120:
2100:
1973:
1513:
1089:
952:
922:
3006:
2976:
2836:
2180:
2175:
2038:
2033:
2028:
1947:
1892:
1842:
1775:
1730:
1705:
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1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1573:
1538:
1448:
1443:
1271:
1079:
845:
207:
576:. The PIN block is constructed by concatenating the PIN with a filler value thus:
339:
All hardware and software used for PIN processing shall be implemented such that:
2981:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2252:
2169:
1141:
573:
528:
320:
309:
161:
157:
153:
24:
2971:
2876:
2583:
2558:
2322:
2277:
2013:
1670:
1483:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1326:
1301:
1176:
932:
301:
636:
has a block size of 128 bits. In such cases the PIN must be encoding into an
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3100:
3090:
3051:
3001:
2996:
2991:
2986:
2891:
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2881:
2871:
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2826:
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2765:
2710:
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2685:
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2598:
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2533:
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2454:
2444:
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2419:
2404:
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2312:
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2302:
2282:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2247:
2242:
2190:
2185:
2165:
2135:
2110:
2095:
2065:
2018:
2008:
1988:
1983:
1968:
1963:
1877:
1598:
1593:
1488:
1134:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1007:
266:
221:
169:
140:
686:
Part 4: Requirements for PIN handling in eCommerce for
Payment Transactions
240:
The customer shall be advised of the importance of keeping the PIN secret.
2775:
2553:
2257:
2085:
1922:
1912:
1872:
1857:
1832:
1827:
1710:
1685:
1680:
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1316:
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1216:
1206:
1099:
1002:
997:
992:
987:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
580:
one nibble with the value of 2, which identifies this as a format 2 block
543:
one nibble with the value of 1, which identifies this as a format 1 block
484:
one nibble with the value of 0, which identifies this as a format 0 block
183:
Part 1: Basic principles and requirements for PINs in card-based systems
3064:
2856:
2841:
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2618:
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2160:
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2043:
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1109:
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1059:
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1034:
305:
254:
249:
The standard specifies some characteristics required or recommended of
213:
Security of the PIN encryption shall depend on secrecy of the key, not
149:
276:
so that it is not feasible to modify its operation or extract PINs or
257:), i.e. the device into which the customer enters the PIN, including:
2926:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2573:
2548:
2476:
2332:
2317:
2297:
2292:
2237:
2230:
2225:
2220:
2115:
2080:
1927:
1578:
1393:
957:
474:
447:
676:
Part 3: Requirements for offline PIN handling in ATM and POS systems
640:, the format of which is defined in a 2015 amendment to ISO 9564-1.
139:
The PIN is used to verify the identity of a customer (the user of a
2414:
446:, which is then encrypted by an "approved algorithm", according to
381:
There are three accepted methods of selecting or generating a PIN:
2961:
2936:
2658:
2543:
2195:
2060:
1932:
1907:
1902:
1882:
1256:
1226:
1221:
942:
927:
917:
912:
315:
Additional requirements that apply to smart card readers include:
262:
348:
The data cannot be inappropriately accessed, modified or misused.
2608:
2471:
2464:
2130:
2075:
1675:
1286:
234:
A PIN shall be revoked if it is compromised, or suspected to be.
849:
3095:
2785:
1837:
689:
462:
206:
Encrypting the same PIN with the same key but for a different
18:
363:
PIN encryption keys should not be used for any other purpose.
231:
A stored encrypted PIN shall be protected from substitution.
572:
Format 2 is for local use with off-line systems only, e.g.
175:
ISO 9564 comprises three parts, under the general title of
237:
The card issuer shall be responsible for PIN verification.
706:
523:
12 nibbles containing the right-most 12 digits of the
345:
They cannot be modified or accessed without detection.
421:
The PIN is never available to the card issuing staff.
600:
nibbles, each holding the "fill" value 15 (i.e. 1111
3078:
2804:
1956:
905:
203:, and that the data cannot be obtained or misused.
624:Formats 0 to 3 are all suitable for use with the
644:Part 2: Approved algorithms for PIN encipherment
210:shall not predictably give the same cipher text.
195:The basic principles of PIN management include:
745:Parts 1, 2 and 4. Part 3 was withdrawn in 2011.
396:The card issuer generates a PIN value using a
861:
8:
308:by that card. The PIN entry device and the
868:
854:
846:
342:Their correct functioning can be assured.
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
758:
738:
331:Other specific PIN control requirements
45:Please improve this article by adding
473:, both of which comprise 16 four-bit
335:Other specific requirements include:
7:
593:nibbles, each encoding one PIN digit
556:nibbles, each encoding one PIN digit
497:nibbles, each encoding one PIN digit
628:, as they correspond to its 64-bit
520:four nibbles with the value of zero
408:The customer selects the PIN value.
351:The PIN cannot be determined by a
285:observing the PIN as it is entered
14:
132:(PIN) management and security in
3159:
3158:
693:
653:Triple Data Encryption Algorithm
626:Triple Data Encryption Algorithm
461:The PIN block is constructed by
300:A PIN may be stored in a secure
23:
583:one nibble encoding the length
546:one nibble encoding the length
487:one nibble encoding the length
272:The PIN entry device shall be
220:The PIN must always be stored
130:personal identification number
1:
516:The account number field is:
480:The plain text PIN field is:
47:secondary or tertiary sources
664:Advanced Encryption Standard
634:Advanced Encryption Standard
465:-ing two 64-bit fields: the
840:Complete list of PIN-blocks
780:ISO 9564-1:2011/Amd 1:2015
504:nibbles, each holding the "
453:The PIN block formats are:
3206:
3154:
887:
413:PIN issuance and delivery
145:electronic funds transfer
215:secrecy of the algorithm
398:random number generator
525:primary account number
224:or physically secured.
126:international standard
34:relies excessively on
16:International standard
527:(PAN), excluding the
508:" value 15 (i.e. 1111
405:customer selected PIN
3190:Financial technology
471:account number field
467:plain text PIN field
385:assigned derived PIN
727:electronic commerce
620:Extended PIN blocks
393:assigned random PIN
881:by standard number
705:. You can help by
670:Part 3 (withdrawn)
638:extended PIN block
450:of the standard).
353:brute-force search
296:Smart card readers
274:physically secured
134:financial services
3172:
3171:
895:ISO romanizations
723:
722:
251:PIN entry devices
245:PIN entry devices
201:without detection
150:PIN entry devices
119:
118:
111:
93:
3197:
3162:
3161:
882:
870:
863:
856:
847:
827:
822:ISO 9564-4:2016
819:
813:
808:ISO 9564-3:2003
805:
799:
794:ISO 9564-2:2014
791:
785:
777:
771:
766:ISO 9564-1:2011
763:
746:
743:
718:
715:
697:
690:
191:Basic principles
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
3205:
3204:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3196:
3195:
3194:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3168:
3150:
3074:
2800:
1952:
901:
883:
880:
874:
842:, with examples
836:
831:
830:
820:
816:
806:
802:
792:
788:
778:
774:
764:
760:
755:
750:
749:
744:
740:
735:
719:
713:
710:
703:needs expansion
688:
672:
646:
622:
614:
603:
570:
537:
511:
459:
439:
415:
379:
370:
333:
304:, and verified
298:
278:encryption keys
253:(also known as
247:
193:
185:
166:acquiring banks
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
44:
40:primary sources
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3203:
3201:
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1234:
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899:IEC standards
896:
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891:ISO standards
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701:This section
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387:
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377:PIN selection
376:
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367:
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354:
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63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
42:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
3017:27000 series
1897:
823:
817:
809:
803:
795:
789:
781:
775:
767:
761:
741:
724:
714:October 2016
711:
707:adding to it
702:
675:
673:
647:
637:
623:
615:
607:
597:
590:
584:
571:
560:
553:
547:
538:
515:
501:
494:
488:
479:
470:
466:
460:
452:
443:
440:
425:
416:
380:
371:
334:
314:
299:
250:
248:
208:bank account
194:
186:
176:
174:
162:card issuers
158:card readers
143:) within an
138:
121:
120:
105:
99:October 2016
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
33:
2805:20000–29999
1957:10000–19999
674:ISO 9564-3
574:smart cards
529:check digit
321:card reader
154:smart cards
3179:Categories
2584:16949 (TS)
2181:11941 (TR)
879:standards
753:References
630:block size
587:of the PIN
550:of the PIN
491:of the PIN
432:same time.
426:PIN mailer
368:PIN length
302:smart card
69:newspapers
58:"ISO 9564"
36:references
2539:15926 WIP
1903:9592/9593
1828:9000/9001
1716:8805/8806
444:PIN block
291:"cancel".
267:multi-tap
222:encrypted
170:retailers
141:bank card
3164:Category
889:List of
612:Format 3
568:Format 2
535:Format 1
469:and the
457:Format 0
280:from it.
255:PIN pads
122:ISO 9564
3065:29199-2
2937:23094-2
2932:23094-1
2922:23090-3
2791:19794-5
2786:19775-1
2574:16612-2
2564:16355-1
2253:13406-2
2211:12234-2
1979:10118-3
475:nibbles
306:offline
83:scholar
3079:30000+
1918:9797-1
1726:8820-5
1671:8501-1
1227:1073-2
1222:1073-1
906:1–9999
680:part 1
448:part 2
310:reader
124:is an
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
3146:80000
3141:56000
3136:55000
3131:50001
3126:45001
3121:42010
3116:40500
3111:39075
3106:38500
3101:37001
3096:32000
3091:31000
3086:30170
3070:29500
3060:29148
3056:29110
3052:28000
3047:27729
3042:27006
3037:27005
3032:27002
3027:27001
3022:27000
3012:26324
3007:26300
3002:26262
2997:26000
2992:25964
2987:25178
2982:24728
2977:24707
2972:24617
2967:24613
2962:24517
2957:23941
2952:23360
2947:23271
2942:23270
2927:23092
2917:23009
2912:23008
2907:23003
2902:23000
2897:22537
2892:22395
2887:22301
2882:22300
2877:22275
2872:22000
2867:21827
2862:21500
2857:21122
2852:21047
2847:21001
2842:21000
2837:20830
2832:20802
2827:20400
2822:20121
2817:20022
2812:20000
2796:19831
2781:19770
2776:19757
2771:19752
2766:19600
2761:19510
2756:19509
2751:19508
2746:19507
2741:19506
2736:19505
2731:19503
2726:19502
2721:19501
2716:19500
2711:19439
2706:19407
2701:19136
2696:19125
2691:19115
2686:19114
2669:19092
2664:19011
2659:19005
2654:18916
2649:18629
2644:18245
2639:18181
2634:18014
2629:18004
2624:17799
2619:17506
2614:17442
2609:17369
2604:17203
2599:17100
2594:17025
2589:17024
2579:16750
2569:16485
2559:16262
2554:16023
2549:15938
2544:15930
2534:15926
2529:15924
2524:15919
2519:15897
2514:15707
2502:15706
2497:15693
2492:15686
2487:15511
2482:15504
2477:15438
2472:15445
2455:15444
2450:15408
2445:15398
2440:15291
2435:15288
2430:15189
2425:15022
2420:14971
2415:14882
2410:14764
2405:14698
2400:14651
2395:14649
2390:14644
2385:14617
2333:14496
2328:14443
2323:14396
2318:14289
2313:14224
2308:14031
2303:14000
2298:13818
2293:13816
2288:13616
2283:13584
2278:13568
2273:13567
2268:13490
2263:13485
2258:13450
2248:13399
2243:13250
2238:13216
2221:13211
2216:12620
2206:12207
2201:12182
2196:12052
2191:12006
2186:11992
2176:11941
2166:11940
2161:11898
2156:11889
2151:11801
2146:11785
2141:11784
2136:11783
2131:11544
2126:11404
2121:11179
2116:11172
2111:11170
2106:11073
2101:10967
2096:10962
2091:10957
2086:10861
2081:10746
2076:10664
2071:10646
2066:10628
2061:10589
2056:10585
2051:10383
2019:10303
2014:10279
2009:10218
2004:10206
1999:10179
1994:10165
1989:10161
1984:10160
1974:10116
1969:10007
1964:10006
733:Notes
263:E.161
228:used.
90:JSTOR
76:books
2044:-238
1948:9995
1943:9985
1938:9984
1933:9945
1928:9899
1923:9897
1913:9660
1908:9594
1898:9564
1893:9529
1888:9506
1883:9496
1878:9407
1873:9362
1868:9314
1863:9293
1858:9241
1853:9227
1848:9141
1843:9126
1838:9075
1833:9036
1823:8879
1776:-8-I
1731:8859
1721:8807
1711:8691
1706:8652
1701:8651
1696:8632
1691:8613
1686:8601
1681:8583
1676:8571
1666:8373
1661:8217
1656:8178
1651:8093
1646:8000
1641:7942
1636:7816
1631:7813
1626:7812
1621:7811
1616:7810
1611:7736
1606:7637
1594:7498
1589:7200
1584:7185
1579:7098
1574:7064
1569:7027
1564:7010
1559:7002
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1549:6943
1544:6709
1539:6523
1534:6438
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1524:6425
1519:6385
1514:6373
1509:6346
1504:6344
1499:6166
1494:5964
1489:5807
1484:5800
1479:5776
1474:5775
1469:5725
1464:5428
1459:5427
1454:5426
1449:5218
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1439:4217
1434:4165
1429:4157
1424:4031
1419:3977
1414:3950
1409:3901
1404:3864
1399:3602
1394:3601
1389:3307
1384:3297
1362:3166
1357:3103
1352:3029
1347:2921
1342:2852
1337:2848
1332:2788
1327:2720
1322:2711
1317:2709
1312:2533
1307:2281
1302:2240
1297:2146
1292:2145
1287:2108
1282:2047
1277:2033
1272:2022
1267:2015
1262:2014
1257:1989
1252:1745
1247:1629
1242:1538
1237:1413
1232:1155
1217:1007
1212:1004
1207:1000
1030:68-1
506:fill
319:The
168:and
128:for
62:news
2378:-20
2373:-17
2368:-14
2363:-12
2358:-11
2353:-10
2039:-28
2034:-22
2029:-21
2024:-11
1816:-16
1811:-15
1806:-14
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1796:-12
1791:-11
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1202:999
1197:965
1192:898
1187:860
1182:843
1177:838
1172:764
1167:732
1162:704
1157:690
1152:668
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1110:639
1105:519
1100:518
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1080:302
1075:262
1070:261
1065:259
1060:233
1055:228
1050:226
1045:217
1040:216
1035:128
1023:-13
1018:-12
1013:-11
1008:-10
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658:RSA
596:14−
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2465:-9
2460:-3
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2343:-3
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2231:-2
2226:-1
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1771:-8
1766:-7
1761:-6
1756:-5
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1741:-2
1736:-1
1599:-1
1377:-3
1372:-2
1367:-1
1135:-6
1130:-5
1125:-3
1120:-2
1115:-1
1003:-9
998:-8
993:-7
988:-6
983:-5
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