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Most ichcahuipilli were made in a vest style that covered the torso down to the hips; however, various other designs were made and worn by Aztec soldiers of different ranks and warrior societies. The armor came in sleeved variations or in surcoat designs that covered most of a warrior's body down to
192:. Ichcahuipilli were made of successive layers of packed cotton and cloth, at least one inch thick, and sewn in diamond-shaped patterns. Wearers usually wore the ichcahuipilli directly on their skin, however, the most experienced warriors, especially those of the
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pima and botto. The armor was able to stop the arrows and even ward off some of them. It was later determined that although the arrows penetrated the material, the arrows were stopped and penetration was minimal enough to not cause any serious injury.
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Phillips, Charles "The
Complete Illustrated History of the Aztec & Maya: The Definitive Chronicle of the Ancient Peoples of Central America & Mexico - Including the Aztec, Maya, Olmec, Mixtec, Toltec & Zapotec"
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Ichcahuipilli armor was a lightweight, multifunctional garment worn on the torso of the warrior, designed to provide blunt-force trauma protection against clubs and batons, slash protection from obsidian
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The
Complete Illustrated History of the Aztecs & Maya: The definitive chronicle of the ancient peoples of Central America & Mexico - including the Aztec, Maya, Olmec, Mixtec, Toltec & Zapotec
211:
Upon contact with a shot projectile, the dense fibrous materials of the vest would absorb the energy of the shot and dissipate it on a much larger area, stopping the bullet or arrow in the vest.
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shot, Spanish soldiers often discarded their own, heavier plate armor, which was uncomfortable in the warmer, moist
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climate and prone to rust, in favor of indigenous armor which was lighter and comparatively maintenance-free.
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Atlatl darts in particular were found to regularly penetrate
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depicting warriors wearing ichcahuipilli and tlahuiztli suits.
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Aztec
Warfare: Imperial Expansion and Political Control
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133:military soft body armor similar to the European
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372:. Tucson: University of Arizona Press.
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166:Glyph for Ichcahuīpīlli based on the
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