79:
676:
181:
38:
732:
696:
state), the inner surfaces of the glass plates are treated to align the bordering LC molecules at a right angle. This molecular structure is practically the same as in TN LCDs. However, the arrangement of the electrodes e1 and e2 is different. Electrodes are in the same plane and on a single glass
862:
technology). Performance and specs remained very similar to LG Display's IPS and
Samsung's PLS offerings. The first 144 Hz compatible IPS-type panels were produced in late 2014 (used first in early 2015) by AUO, beating Samsung and LG Display to providing high refresh rate IPS-type panels.
817:
introduced Super PLS (Plane-to-Line
Switching) with the intent of providing an alternative to the popular IPS technology which is primarily manufactured by LG Display. It is an "IPS-type" panel technology, and is very similar in performance features, specs and characteristics to LG Display's
300:
in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Early panels showed grayscale inversion from up to down, and had a high response time (for this kind of transition, 1 ms is visually better than 5 ms). In the mid-1990s new technologies were developed—typically IPS and
363:
and
Hitachi became early manufacturers of active-matrix addressed LCDs based on the IPS technology. This is a milestone for implementing large-screen LCDs having acceptable visual performance for flat-panel computer monitors and television screens. In 1996,
350:
of Japan filed patents to improve this technology. A leader in this field was
Katsumi Kondo, who worked at the Hitachi Research Center. In 1992, engineers at Hitachi worked out various practical details of the IPS technology to interconnect the
712:
state (shown on the left), entering light L1 becomes linearly polarized by polarizer P. The twisted nematic LC layer rotates the polarization axis of the passing light by 90 degrees, so that ideally no light passes through polarizer A. In the
281:). The molecules are reoriented by an applied electric field, while remaining essentially parallel to the surfaces to produce an image. It was designed to solve the strong viewing angle dependence and low-quality color reproduction of the
717:
state, a sufficient voltage is applied between electrodes and a corresponding electric field E is generated that realigns the LC molecules as shown on the right of the diagram. Here, light L2 can pass through polarizer A.
621:
Improves contrast ratio by twisting electrode plane layout. Also introduces an optional
Advanced True White polarizing film from NEC, to make white look more natural. This is used in professional/photography LCDs.
1023:
However, suffers from the phenomenon called gray scale inversion. This means that the display has one viewing side in which the image colors suddenly change after exceeding the specified viewing angle. (see image
753:
IPS panels display consistent, accurate color from all viewing angles. A comparison in 2014 of IPS vs. TN panels concerning color consistency under different viewing angles can be seen on the website of
692:
P and A have their axes of transmission in the same direction. To obtain the 90 degree twisted nematic structure of the LC layer between the two glass plates without an applied electric field (
1665:
1358:
355:
array as a matrix and to avoid undesirable stray fields in between pixels. Hitachi also improved the viewing angle dependence further by optimizing the shape of the electrodes (
2008:
636:
Wider aperture for light transmission, enabling the use of lower-power, cheaper backlights. Improves diagonal viewing angle and further reduce response time to 5 ms.
2301:
368:
developed the optical patterning technique that enables multi-domain LCD. Multi-domain and in-plane switching subsequently remain the dominant LCD designs through 2006.
858:
In 2012 AU Optronics began investment in their own IPS-type technology, dubbed AHVA. This should not be confused with their long standing AMVA technology (which is a
1639:
1380:
1683:
1553:
1744:
650:
Offer 1.07 billion colours (30-bit colour depth). More possible orientations per sub-pixel (1024 as opposed to 256) and produces a better true colour depth.
1955:
984:
1150:
1335:
721:
In practice, other schemes of implementation exist with a different structure of the LC molecules – for example without any twist in the
1613:
1135:
549:
The latest panel from IPS Alpha
Technology with a wider colour gamut and contrast ratio matching PVA and ASV displays without off-angle glowing.
1303:
725:
state. As both electrodes are on the same substrate, they take more space than TN matrix electrodes. This also reduces contrast and brightness.
1470:
1928:
2227:
2002:
1661:
1402:
324:
essentially parallel to the glass substrates. However, the inventor was not yet able to implement such IPS-LCDs superior to TN displays.
2076:
1350:
2275:
1424:
697:
plate, so they generate an electric field essentially parallel to this plate. The diagram is not to scale: the LC layer is only a few
473:. These improvements came at the cost of a lower response time, initially about 50 ms. IPS panels were also extremely expensive.
1990:
1949:
242:
224:
162:
65:
191:
1713:
776:
IPS panels offer clear and razor-sharp images without reflections, a wide viewing range, stable response time and better coloring.
525:
in 2002, improves substantially on the contrast ratio of traditional S-IPS panels to the point where they are second only to some
2351:
2336:
2312:
1995:
1737:
1488:
1180:
1106:
1063:
1287:
2014:
1984:
1811:
100:
1006:
765:
Unlike TN LCDs, IPS panels do not lighten or show tailing when touched. This is important for touch-screen devices, such as
1635:
2285:
2280:
2270:
2158:
1452:
317:
274:
2346:
1887:
282:
143:
2331:
1730:
1679:
115:
1561:
206:
1251:
664:
Improved colour accuracy, increased resolution and PPI, and greater light transmission for lower power consumption.
2341:
2070:
1800:
1794:
96:
51:
202:
89:
2206:
1917:
122:
1269:
2108:
1911:
1158:
2114:
976:
501:
in 1998), which has all the benefits of IPS technology with the addition of improved pixel refresh timing.
129:
2211:
1961:
1876:
1605:
942:
859:
830:. PLS technology was Samsung's wide-viewing angle LCD technology, similar to LG Display's IPS technology.
302:
263:
2098:
2092:
823:
1131:
904:
111:
2103:
1977:
1310:
415:
352:
833:
Samsung asserted the following benefits of Super PLS (commonly referred to as just "PLS") over IPS:
2249:
2153:
2060:
1943:
1904:
1831:
1467:
1224:
887:
814:
793:
277:. The liquid crystal molecules are aligned parallel to those surfaces in predetermined directions (
2291:
2165:
2087:
2082:
2045:
1025:
736:
332:
331:
by
Guenter Baur et al. and patented in various countries including the US on 9 January 1990. The
2244:
2040:
1972:
1700:
1583:
1398:
1374:
1329:
1034:
689:
1504:
2296:
2035:
1837:
1783:
927:
306:
1428:
2201:
2191:
2138:
1899:
1717:
1492:
1474:
1456:
1291:
1273:
1255:
1049:
770:
708:
and align themselves with their long axis parallel to an applied electrical field. In the
383:
375:
and other South Korean, Japanese, and
Taiwanese LCD manufacturers adopted IPS technology.
1805:
1761:
1753:
1710:
1266:
882:
410:
401:
321:
267:
136:
57:
1530:
1485:
327:
After thorough analysis, details of advantageous molecular arrangements were filed in
2325:
1609:
892:
827:
755:
294:
1284:
1210:: K. Kondo, H. Terao, H. Abe, M. Ohta, K. Suzuki, T. Sasaki, G. Kawachi, J. Ohwada,
2055:
1010:
872:
740:
728:
Super-IPS was later introduced with better response times and colour reproduction.
522:
498:
470:
396:
17:
2170:
2133:
1854:
947:
759:
78:
1449:
2148:
2143:
2125:
2065:
1206:
1088:
898:
766:
705:
698:
675:
405:
387:
379:
372:
340:
822:
panels, because in the past AMOLED panels had difficulties in realizing full
2265:
2239:
2196:
2186:
1789:
877:
418:
313:
731:
1705:
799:
IPS panels are sometimes vulnerable to a defect called backlight bleeding.
1967:
1938:
1778:
1248:
336:
2232:
1882:
1847:
952:
932:
365:
347:
328:
297:
1866:
1722:
937:
819:
1094:
Liquid crystal electric field sensing measurement and display device
701:
thick, very thin compared with the distance between the electrodes.
209:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
305:(VA)—that could resolve these weaknesses and were applied to large
1842:
912:
526:
271:
1680:"144Hz IPS-type Panels Developed – 1440p as Well"
1860:
1726:
1636:"Samsung PLS improves on IPS displays like iPad's, costs less"
391:
360:
174:
72:
31:
1662:"AU Optronics develops 144Hz refresh IPS-type display panels"
758:
Inc. Also, compare to TN panels, IPS panels can display more
1468:
Visual comparison of IPS and TN done by Japan
Display Inc.
1399:"Panel Technologies: TN Film, MVA, PVA and IPS Explained"
312:
One approach patented in 1974 was to use inter-digitated
293:
The True depth method was the only viable technology for
789:
IPS panels are more expensive to produce than TN panels.
339:, where the inventors worked, assigned these patents to
1554:"Advantages and disadvantages of IPS screen technology"
786:
IPS panels require up to 15% more power than TN panels.
198:
1505:"Panel Mount Monitors | 7 to 27 inches | Beetronics"
1351:"LG Announces Super High Resolution AH-IPS Displays"
2258:
2220:
2179:
2124:
2028:
2009:
Thick-film dielectric electroluminescent technology
1927:
1822:
1769:
1760:
1009:. Riverdi (TFT Module Manufacturer). Archived from
901:(mentioned as largest supplier of IPS LCDs in 2012)
103:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
27:Screen technology used for liquid crystal displays
2302:Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays
1181:"Espacenet – Bibliographic data"
1107:"Bibliographic data: US5576867 (A) ― 1996-11-19"
1064:"Bibliographic data: US3834794 (A) ― 1974-09-10"
818:offering. Samsung adopted PLS panels instead of
1214:, filed 18 September 1992 and 20 January 1993.
285:(TN) matrix LCDs prevalent in the late 1980s.
1738:
1007:"TFT Technology: Enhancing the viewing angle"
970:
968:
843:Up to 15 percent decrease in production costs
8:
1606:"Samsung Adopts IPS instead of AMOLED: Why?"
1586:. The University of Pennsylvania. 3 May 2017
735:This pixel layout is found in S-IPS LCDs. A
704:The LC molecules have a positive dielectric
679:Schematic diagram IPS liquid crystal display
378:IPS technology is widely used in panels for
1956:Surface-conduction electron-emitter display
1379:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
66:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1867:Active-Matrix Organic light-emitting diode
1766:
1745:
1731:
1723:
909:Panasonic Liquid Crystal Display Co., Ltd
243:Learn how and when to remove this message
225:Learn how and when to remove this message
163:Learn how and when to remove this message
1392:
1390:
730:
674:
591:
423:
964:
1372:
1334:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1327:
1044:
1043:
1032:
408:products were marketed with the label
1616:from the original on 21 December 2012
1361:from the original on 11 December 2015
400:from 2004 to 2008 with IPS LCDs with
7:
2003:Ferroelectric liquid crystal display
1642:from the original on 27 October 2012
1427:. PChardwarehelp.com. Archived from
837:Further improvement in viewing angle
101:adding citations to reliable sources
2077:Light-emitting electrochemical cell
854:Advanced Hyper-Viewing Angle (AHVA)
425:Hitachi IPS technology development
2276:Large-screen television technology
1552:Ivankov, Alex (1 September 2016).
1249:Technical specifications iPhone 5c
25:
1950:Organic light-emitting transistor
1686:from the original on 18 May 2015.
1668:from the original on 17 May 2015.
1405:from the original on 29 June 2017
1285:IPS-Pro (Evolving IPS technology)
987:from the original on 2 April 2015
840:10 percent increase in brightness
493:IPS has since been superseded by
47:This article has multiple issues.
2313:Comparison of display technology
1425:"LCD Panel Technology Explained"
1349:tech2 News Staff (19 May 2011).
179:
77:
36:
1944:Electroluminescent Quantum Dots
88:needs additional citations for
55:or discuss these issues on the
2015:Laser-powered phosphor display
1529:Mark, Winston (30 June 2021).
1450:Comparisons done by LG Display
1397:Baker, Simon (30 April 2011).
975:Cross, Jason (18 March 2012).
792:IPS panels have slower/longer
593:LG IPS technology development
469:Most panels also support true
1:
2281:Optimum HDTV viewing distance
2271:History of display technology
2159:Computer-generated holography
1212:Liquid crystal display device
809:Plane to Line Switching (PLS)
655:Advanced High Performance IPS
262:) is a screen technology for
1861:Organic light-emitting diode
1855:Light-emitting diode display
1584:"Display and Graphics Guide"
1151:"2014 SID Honors and Awards"
977:"Digital Displays Explained"
283:twisted nematic field effect
739:shape is used to widen the
568:Next generation of IPS-Pro
266:(LCDs). In IPS, a layer of
205:the claims made and adding
2368:
2071:Vacuum fluorescent display
1795:Electroluminescent display
688:In this case, both linear
521:AS-IPS, also developed by
394:products were marketed as
270:is sandwiched between two
2310:
1918:Liquid crystal on silicon
1267:Comparison of iPad models
917:Sony Professional Display
2109:Fourteen-segment display
1912:Digital Light Processing
1711:Full Form of IPS Display
1230:. Nature. 22 August 1996
804:Alternative technologies
471:8-bit-per-channel colour
2352:South Korean inventions
2337:Liquid crystal displays
2115:Sixteen-segment display
1801:Rear-projection display
1455:13 January 2013 at the
1272:24 October 2012 at the
1254:31 October 2013 at the
1185:Worldwide.espacenet.com
983:. PC World. p. 4.
888:Chi Mei Optoelectronics
846:Increased image quality
813:Toward the end of 2010
264:liquid-crystal displays
1962:Field-emission display
1877:Liquid-crystal display
1155:InformationDisplay.org
943:Liquid-crystal display
744:
680:
390:. In particular, most
343:, Darmstadt, Germany.
2099:Eight-segment display
2093:Seven-segment display
1716:4 August 2019 at the
1473:28 March 2014 at the
1290:29 March 2010 at the
1207:U.S. patent 5,598,285
1096:, filed 28 June 1973.
1089:U.S. patent 3,834,794
734:
678:
2221:Display capabilities
2104:Nine-segment display
1806:Plasma display panel
1682:. 8 September 2014.
1664:. 8 September 2014.
1638:. electronista.com.
1564:on 26 September 2017
1401:. Tftcentral.co.uk.
1225:"Optical Patterning"
353:thin-film transistor
346:Shortly thereafter,
97:improve this article
2347:Japanese inventions
2250:See-through display
2154:Holographic display
1832:Quantum dot display
1612:. 9 November 2012.
1316:on 15 November 2012
815:Samsung Electronics
594:
582:High contrast ratio
563:High contrast ratio
543:High contrast ratio
426:
320:only to produce an
2332:Display technology
2292:Color Light Output
2286:High Dynamic Range
2088:Dot-matrix display
2083:Lightguide display
1754:Display technology
1701:Panel Technologies
1533:. EsportSource.net
1531:"IPS or TN panel?"
1491:2 May 2015 at the
1486:IPS "Stable Panel"
1431:on 14 January 2012
745:
690:polarizing filters
681:
592:
573:IPS Alpha Next-Gen
515:High transmittance
506:Advanced Super-IPS
461:Wide viewing angle
424:
333:Fraunhofer Society
303:vertical alignment
260:in-plane switching
190:possibly contains
18:In Plane Switching
2342:German inventions
2319:
2318:
2245:Always-on display
2036:Electromechanical
2024:
2023:
1187:. 28 January 1997
1042:External link in
668:
667:
590:
589:
487:Colour shift free
402:CCFL backlighting
253:
252:
245:
235:
234:
227:
192:original research
173:
172:
165:
147:
70:
16:(Redirected from
2359:
2297:Flexible display
2259:Related articles
2139:Autostereoscopic
1838:Electronic paper
1784:Cathode-ray tube
1767:
1747:
1740:
1733:
1724:
1706:IPS vs. VA Panel
1688:
1687:
1676:
1670:
1669:
1658:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1623:
1621:
1602:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1591:
1580:
1574:
1573:
1571:
1569:
1560:. Archived from
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1501:
1495:
1483:
1477:
1465:
1459:
1447:
1441:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1412:
1410:
1394:
1385:
1384:
1378:
1370:
1368:
1366:
1346:
1340:
1339:
1333:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1315:
1309:. Archived from
1308:
1300:
1294:
1282:
1276:
1264:
1258:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1237:
1235:
1229:
1221:
1215:
1209:
1203:
1197:
1196:
1194:
1192:
1177:
1171:
1170:
1168:
1166:
1161:on 16 April 2014
1157:. Archived from
1147:
1141:
1139:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1117:
1103:
1097:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1074:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1047:
1046:
1040:
1038:
1030:
1026:Inversion Effect
1020:
1018:
1013:on 23 April 2016
1003:
997:
996:
994:
992:
972:
928:Computer monitor
905:Newhaven Display
771:tablet computers
641:Professional IPS
595:
442:Transmittance or
427:
384:tablet computers
307:computer monitor
248:
241:
230:
223:
219:
216:
210:
207:inline citations
183:
182:
175:
168:
161:
157:
154:
148:
146:
105:
81:
73:
62:
40:
39:
32:
21:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2356:
2322:
2321:
2320:
2315:
2306:
2254:
2216:
2202:Slide projector
2192:Movie projector
2175:
2120:
2020:
1930:
1923:
1824:
1818:
1771:
1756:
1751:
1718:Wayback Machine
1697:
1692:
1691:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1643:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1619:
1617:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1589:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1577:
1567:
1565:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1498:
1493:Wayback Machine
1484:
1480:
1475:Wayback Machine
1466:
1462:
1457:Wayback Machine
1448:
1444:
1434:
1432:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1408:
1406:
1396:
1395:
1388:
1371:
1364:
1362:
1348:
1347:
1343:
1326:
1319:
1317:
1313:
1306:
1304:"Archived copy"
1302:
1301:
1297:
1292:Wayback Machine
1283:
1279:
1274:Wayback Machine
1265:
1261:
1256:Wayback Machine
1247:
1243:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1218:
1205:
1204:
1200:
1190:
1188:
1179:
1178:
1174:
1164:
1162:
1149:
1148:
1144:
1136:
1130:
1129:
1125:
1115:
1113:
1105:
1104:
1100:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1072:
1070:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1041:
1031:
1016:
1014:
1005:
1004:
1000:
990:
988:
974:
973:
966:
961:
924:
913:Samsung Display
869:
856:
811:
806:
796:than TN panels.
783:
750:
686:
673:
465:
444:contrast ratio
443:
291:
268:liquid crystals
249:
238:
237:
236:
231:
220:
214:
211:
196:
184:
180:
169:
158:
152:
149:
106:
104:
94:
82:
41:
37:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2365:
2363:
2355:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2324:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2305:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2217:
2215:
2214:
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2183:
2181:
2177:
2176:
2174:
2173:
2168:
2163:
2162:
2161:
2156:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2130:
2128:
2122:
2121:
2119:
2118:
2112:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2090:
2085:
2080:
2074:
2068:
2063:
2058:
2053:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2043:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1998:
1993:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1978:Liquid crystal
1975:
1965:
1959:
1953:
1947:
1941:
1935:
1933:
1925:
1924:
1922:
1921:
1915:
1909:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1897:
1896:
1895:
1890:
1874:
1873:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1852:
1851:
1850:
1845:
1835:
1828:
1826:
1820:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1815:
1814:
1803:
1798:
1792:
1787:
1781:
1775:
1773:
1764:
1762:Video displays
1758:
1757:
1752:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1735:
1727:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1703:
1696:
1695:External links
1693:
1690:
1689:
1671:
1653:
1627:
1597:
1575:
1544:
1521:
1509:beetronics.com
1496:
1478:
1460:
1442:
1416:
1386:
1341:
1295:
1277:
1259:
1241:
1216:
1198:
1172:
1142:
1123:
1098:
1080:
1055:
998:
963:
962:
960:
957:
956:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
923:
920:
919:
918:
915:
910:
907:
902:
896:
890:
885:
880:
875:
868:
865:
855:
852:
851:
850:
849:Flexible panel
847:
844:
841:
838:
828:mobile devices
826:resolution on
810:
807:
805:
802:
801:
800:
797:
794:response times
790:
787:
782:
779:
778:
777:
774:
763:
749:
746:
685:
684:Implementation
682:
672:
669:
666:
665:
662:
659:
656:
652:
651:
648:
645:
642:
638:
637:
634:
631:
628:
624:
623:
619:
616:
613:
612:Horizontal IPS
609:
608:
605:
602:
599:
588:
587:
585:
583:
580:
577:
574:
570:
569:
566:
564:
561:
558:
555:
551:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
535:
531:
530:
519:
516:
513:
510:
507:
503:
502:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
475:
474:
467:
462:
459:
456:
453:
449:
448:
445:
440:
437:
434:
431:
411:Retina Display
322:electric field
290:
287:
251:
250:
233:
232:
187:
185:
178:
171:
170:
85:
83:
76:
71:
45:
44:
42:
35:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2364:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2314:
2309:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2251:
2248:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2234:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2226:
2225:
2223:
2219:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2203:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2151:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2116:
2113:
2110:
2107:
2105:
2102:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2084:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2067:
2064:
2062:
2059:
2057:
2054:
2049:
2047:
2044:
2042:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2034:
2033:
2031:
2027:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2004:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1992:
1989:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1970:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1954:
1951:
1948:
1946:(ELQD/QD-LED)
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1926:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1884:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1868:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1859:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1844:
1841:
1840:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1813:
1810:
1809:
1807:
1804:
1802:
1799:
1796:
1793:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1759:
1755:
1748:
1743:
1741:
1736:
1734:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1709:
1707:
1704:
1702:
1699:
1698:
1694:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1641:
1637:
1631:
1628:
1615:
1611:
1610:Seoul Shinmun
1607:
1601:
1598:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1563:
1559:
1558:Version Daily
1555:
1548:
1545:
1532:
1525:
1522:
1510:
1506:
1500:
1497:
1494:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1479:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1464:
1461:
1458:
1454:
1451:
1446:
1443:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1417:
1404:
1400:
1393:
1391:
1387:
1382:
1376:
1360:
1356:
1355:Firstpost.com
1352:
1345:
1342:
1337:
1331:
1312:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1286:
1281:
1278:
1275:
1271:
1268:
1263:
1260:
1257:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1242:
1226:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1202:
1199:
1186:
1182:
1176:
1173:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1146:
1143:
1133:
1127:
1124:
1112:
1111:Espacenet.com
1108:
1102:
1099:
1095:
1090:
1084:
1081:
1069:
1068:Espacenet.com
1065:
1059:
1056:
1051:
1036:
1029:
1027:
1012:
1008:
1002:
999:
986:
982:
978:
971:
969:
965:
958:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
925:
921:
916:
914:
911:
908:
906:
903:
900:
897:
894:
893:Japan Display
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
870:
867:Manufacturers
866:
864:
861:
853:
848:
845:
842:
839:
836:
835:
834:
831:
829:
825:
821:
816:
808:
803:
798:
795:
791:
788:
785:
784:
781:Disadvantages
780:
775:
772:
768:
764:
761:
757:
756:Japan Display
752:
751:
747:
742:
738:
733:
729:
726:
724:
719:
716:
711:
707:
702:
700:
695:
691:
683:
677:
670:
663:
660:
657:
654:
653:
649:
646:
643:
640:
639:
635:
632:
629:
626:
625:
620:
617:
614:
611:
610:
606:
603:
600:
597:
596:
586:
584:
581:
578:
575:
572:
571:
567:
565:
562:
559:
556:
553:
552:
548:
545:
542:
539:
536:
534:IPS-Provectus
533:
532:
528:
524:
520:
517:
514:
511:
508:
505:
504:
500:
496:
492:
489:
486:
483:
480:
477:
476:
472:
468:
463:
460:
457:
454:
451:
450:
446:
441:
438:
435:
432:
429:
428:
422:
420:
417:
413:
412:
407:
403:
399:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
376:
374:
369:
367:
362:
358:
354:
349:
344:
342:
338:
334:
330:
325:
323:
319:
316:on one glass
315:
310:
308:
304:
299:
296:
295:active matrix
288:
286:
284:
280:
276:
273:
269:
265:
261:
257:
247:
244:
229:
226:
218:
208:
204:
200:
194:
193:
188:This article
186:
177:
176:
167:
164:
156:
145:
142:
138:
135:
131:
128:
124:
121:
117:
114: –
113:
109:
108:Find sources:
102:
98:
92:
91:
86:This article
84:
80:
75:
74:
69:
67:
60:
59:
54:
53:
48:
43:
34:
33:
30:
19:
2207:Transparency
2180:Static media
2134:Stereoscopic
1892:
1674:
1656:
1644:. Retrieved
1630:
1618:. Retrieved
1600:
1588:. Retrieved
1578:
1568:25 September
1566:. Retrieved
1562:the original
1557:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1508:
1499:
1481:
1463:
1445:
1433:. Retrieved
1429:the original
1419:
1407:. Retrieved
1363:. Retrieved
1354:
1344:
1318:. Retrieved
1311:the original
1298:
1280:
1262:
1244:
1232:. Retrieved
1219:
1211:
1201:
1189:. Retrieved
1184:
1175:
1163:. Retrieved
1159:the original
1154:
1145:
1126:
1114:. Retrieved
1110:
1101:
1093:
1092:: R. Soref,
1083:
1071:. Retrieved
1067:
1058:
1045:|quote=
1022:
1015:. Retrieved
1011:the original
1001:
989:. Retrieved
980:
873:AU Optronics
857:
832:
812:
760:color spaces
741:viewing cone
727:
722:
720:
714:
709:
703:
693:
687:
627:Enhanced IPS
523:Hitachi Ltd.
499:Hitachi Ltd.
497:(Super-IPS,
494:
421:since 2010.
419:backlighting
409:
395:
377:
370:
356:
345:
326:
311:
292:
278:
259:
255:
254:
239:
221:
215:October 2013
212:
189:
159:
153:October 2013
150:
140:
133:
126:
119:
107:
95:Please help
90:verification
87:
63:
56:
50:
49:Please help
46:
29:
2171:Fog display
2144:Multiscopic
2061:Fiber-optic
1973:Quantum dot
1590:14 February
1365:10 December
1320:24 November
1140: patent
948:Smart watch
767:smartphones
699:micrometers
388:smartphones
112:"IPS panel"
2326:Categories
2212:Laser beam
2166:Volumetric
2126:3D display
2066:Nixie tube
2046:Split-flap
1931:generation
1905:Blue Phase
1825:generation
1772:generation
1646:30 October
1620:9 November
1537:7 February
1514:21 October
1435:13 January
1409:13 January
1132:US 5576867
1017:5 November
959:References
899:LG Display
748:Advantages
706:anisotropy
671:Technology
466:Base level
439:Advantage
406:Apple Inc.
404:, and all
373:LG Display
341:Merck KGaA
314:electrodes
199:improve it
123:newspapers
52:improve it
2266:Scan line
2240:DisplayID
2197:Neon sign
2187:Monoscope
2029:Non-video
1790:Jumbotron
1191:15 August
1116:9 October
1073:9 October
601:Nickname
554:IPS Alpha
478:Super-IPS
452:Super TFT
433:Nickname
357:Super IPS
318:substrate
203:verifying
58:talk page
2149:Hologram
2056:Eggcrate
2041:Flip-dot
1987:display
1968:Laser TV
1939:microLED
1869:(AMOLED)
1823:Current
1779:Eidophor
1714:Archived
1684:Archived
1666:Archived
1640:Archived
1614:Archived
1489:Archived
1471:Archived
1453:Archived
1403:Archived
1375:cite web
1359:Archived
1330:cite web
1288:Archived
1270:Archived
1252:Archived
1035:cite web
991:19 March
985:Archived
981:TechHive
922:See also
607:Remarks
447:Remarks
397:Flexview
337:Freiburg
309:panels.
298:TFT LCDs
279:in-plane
275:surfaces
2233:CEA-861
1863:(OLED)
1848:Gyricon
1234:13 June
953:TFT LCD
933:e-paper
860:VA-type
737:chevron
576:IPS-Pro
557:IPS-Pro
546:137/313
537:IPS-Pro
518:130/250
490:100/137
464:100/100
371:Later,
366:Samsung
348:Hitachi
329:Germany
289:History
197:Please
137:scholar
2117:(SISD)
2011:(TDEL)
2005:(FLCD)
1952:(OLET)
1920:(LCoS)
1879:(LCD)
1857:(LED)
1834:(QLED)
1808:(PDP)
1165:4 July
1137:
938:LCD TV
820:AMOLED
658:AH-IPS
527:S-PVAs
509:AS-IPS
386:, and
139:
132:
125:
118:
110:
2288:(HDR)
2111:(FSD)
2095:(SSD)
2079:(LEC)
2073:(VFD)
2017:(LPD)
1964:(FED)
1958:(SED)
1929:Next
1914:(DLP)
1843:E Ink
1797:(ELD)
1786:(CRT)
1314:(PDF)
1307:(PDF)
1228:(PDF)
644:P-IPS
630:E-IPS
615:H-IPS
604:Year
598:Name
495:S-IPS
481:S-IPS
436:Year
430:Name
414:with
272:glass
144:JSTOR
130:books
2228:EDID
2050:Vane
1996:TMOS
1991:IMoD
1985:MEMS
1812:ALiS
1770:Past
1648:2012
1622:2012
1592:2019
1570:2017
1539:2022
1516:2023
1437:2012
1411:2012
1381:link
1367:2015
1336:link
1322:2013
1236:2008
1193:2014
1167:2014
1118:2013
1075:2013
1050:help
1019:2016
993:2015
895:Inc.
878:Acer
769:and
661:2011
647:2010
633:2009
618:2007
579:2010
560:2008
540:2004
512:2002
484:1998
458:1996
116:news
1900:LED
1893:IPS
1883:TFT
883:BOE
723:OFF
710:OFF
694:OFF
455:IPS
416:LED
392:IBM
380:TVs
361:NEC
359:).
335:in
256:IPS
201:by
99:by
2328::
1888:TN
1608:.
1556:.
1507:.
1389:^
1377:}}
1373:{{
1357:.
1353:.
1332:}}
1328:{{
1183:.
1153:.
1109:.
1066:.
1039::
1037:}}
1033:{{
1021:.
979:.
967:^
824:HD
715:ON
529:.
382:,
61:.
1746:e
1739:t
1732:v
1650:.
1624:.
1594:.
1572:.
1541:.
1518:.
1439:.
1413:.
1383:)
1369:.
1338:)
1324:.
1238:.
1195:.
1169:.
1120:.
1077:.
1052:)
1048:(
1028:)
995:.
773:.
762:.
743:.
258:(
246:)
240:(
228:)
222:(
217:)
213:(
195:.
166:)
160:(
155:)
151:(
141:·
134:·
127:·
120:·
93:.
68:)
64:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
