62:. At the time, he believed that 'the processes of involution in the body are suited to engender mournful or anxious moodiness', and that this could help explain the more frequent occurrence of depression among elderly people. Later, Kraepelin's stance changed, broadly in line with the results of a study he had commissioned by his colleague Georges L. Dreyfus: by the time of the publication of the eighth edition of his textbook in 1913, he had incorporated involutional melancholia under the general heading of '
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in origin (although statistical review of
Dreyfus's analysis of his case series has questioned his conclusion that the natural history of involutional melancholia was similar to that of depression in younger people). Some debate about its status as a potential clinical entity, as well as possible
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considered that "psychoanalytically, not much is known about the structure and mechanism of involutional melancholias; they seem to occur in personalities with an outspoken compulsive character of an especially rigid nature. In the climacterium the compulsive defensive systems fail."
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causation - endogenous or environmental - continued into the late twentieth century. It was noted that whereas "involutional melancholy was conceptualized as an acquired rather than constitutional disorder, these ideas have not survived careful scrutiny."
116:(ECT) was also used. Around the mid-twentieth century, there was some consensus that ECT was the most effective treatment option, and could prevent years of hospitalization. (Such an approach has also been reported in the 21st century.)
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was the first to propose (in the seventh edition of his influential textbook) the existence of involutional melancholia as a distinct clinical entity, separate from the manic-depressive
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Kendler KS, Engstrom EJ (2020). "Dreyfus and the shift of melancholia in
Kraepelin's textbooks from an involutional to a manic-depressive illness".
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delusions. In the absence of treatment, the disorder was thought to have a prolonged, deteriorating course with poor
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Dreyfus had challenged (in 1907) Kraepelin's concept of an acquired origin, maintaining it to be
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which was thought to affect mainly elderly or late middle-aged people, often in association with
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Involutional melancholia was classically treated with antidepressants and mood elevators.
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The history of mental symptoms: descriptive psychopathology since the nineteenth century
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features. Symptoms of fear were also considered to occur, as well as
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Moses R. Kaufmann, "Psychoanalysis in Late-Life
Depression",
205:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 311.
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233:(3rd ed.). Chichester, UK: Wiley. p. 5.
271:A Layman's Guide to Psychiatry and Psychoanalysis
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231:Principles and practice of geriatric psychiatry
229:Abou-Saleh, MT; Katona, CLE; Kumar, A (2011).
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46:'s (APA) classification and diagnostic tool.
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82:Symptoms were thought to include agitation,
34:As with other historical descriptions of
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297:The Psychoanalytic Theory of Neurosis
23:is a traditional name for a supposed
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54:In 1907, the German psychiatrist
44:American Psychiatric Association
168:Journal of Affective Disorders
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258:Motherhood and Mental Health
201:Berrios, German E. (1998).
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180:10.1016/j.jad.2020.03.094
114:Electroconvulsive therapy
314:Psychoanalytic Quarterly
64:manic-depressive illness
17:Involutional melancholia
282:M. A. Taylor, M. Fink,
21:involutional depression
273:(Penguin 1976) p. 358
299:(London 1946) p. 406
143:Late life depression
138:Geriatric psychiatry
25:psychiatric disorder
256:I. F. Brockington,
331:Depression (mood)
84:depersonalization
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284:Melancholia
92:despondency
36:melancholia
149:References
106:Treatments
71:endogenous
317:vi (1937)
174:: 42–50.
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60:psychosis
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132:See also
29:paranoia
50:History
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42:, the
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235:ISBN
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184:PMID
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