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cities is symmetric with respect to inversion about that center. Equivalently, it is symmetric against 180 degree rotations about Baucis. Inner chapters (2-8 inclusive) have diagonal cascades of five cities (e.g. Maurila through
Euphemia in chapter 2). These five-city cascades are displaced by one theme column to the right as one proceeds to the next chapter. In order that the cascade sequence terminate (the book of cities is not infinite!) Calvino, in chapter 9, truncates the diagonal cascades in steps: Laudomia through Raissa is a cascade of four cities, followed by cascades of three, two, and one, necessitating ten cities in the final chapter. The same pattern is used in reverse in chapter 1 as the diagonal cascade of cities is born. This strict adherence to a mathematical pattern is characteristic of the
570:. In the novel, the reader finds themselves playing a game with the author, wherein they must find the patterns hidden in the book. The book has nine chapters, but there are also hidden divisions within the book: each of the 55 cities belongs to one of eleven thematic groups (explained below). The reader can therefore play with the book's structure, and choose to follow one group or another, rather than reading the book in chronological chapters. At a 1983 conference held at Columbia University, Calvino himself stated that there is no definite end to
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The matrix of eleven column themes and fifty-five subchapters (ten rows in chapters 1 and 9, five in all others) shows some interesting properties. Each column has five entries, rows only one, so there are fifty-five cities in all. The matrix of cities has a central element (Baucis). The pattern of
2123:, the performers, including eleven musicians, eight singers, and eight dancers, were located in (or moved through) different parts of the train station, while the station remained open and operating as usual. The performance could be heard by about 200 audience members, who wore wireless
2459:
Silvestri, Paolo, "After-word. 'Invisible cities': which (good-bad) man? For which (good-bad) polity?", in P. Heritier, P. Silvestri (eds.), Good government, Governance and Human
Complexity. Luigi Einaudi’s Legacy and Contemporary Society, Leo Olschki, Firenze, 2012, pp. 313–332.
253:
2259:"Union Station the platform for the opera 'Invisible Cities': The Industry opera company and L.A. Dance Project are presenting 'Invisible Cities' on a unique platform — Union Station train terminal — and beaming it through headphones."
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Short dialogues between Kublai and Polo are interspersed every five to ten cities discussing the same topics. These interludes between the two characters are no less poetically constructed than the cities, and form a
548:). The original 13th-century travelogue shares with Calvino's novel the brief, often fantastic accounts of the cities Polo claimed to have visited, along with descriptions of the city's inhabitants, notable
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He moves back and forth between the groups, while moving down the list, in a rigorous mathematical structure. The table below lists the cities in order of appearance, along with the group they belong to:
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In each of the nine chapters, there is an opening section and a closing section, narrating dialogues between the Khan and Marco. The descriptions of the cities lie between these two sections.
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and were allowed to move through the station at will. An audio recording of the opera was released in
November 2014. The opera was named a finalist for the
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Over the nine chapters, Marco describes a total of fifty-five cities, all women's names. The cities are divided into eleven thematic groups of five each:
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that plays with the natural complexity of language and stories. In the middle of the book, Kublai asks about a city Polo never mentioned, his hometown of
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2103:(and in particular the chapters about Isidora, Armilla, and Adelma) is the basis for an opera by composer
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that states a
Knowledge (XXG) editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.
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describing 55 fictitious cities that are narrated by Polo, many of which can be read as commentary on
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This article is about the novel by Italo
Calvino. For the album of the same name, see
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514:. Polo replied, "Every time I describe a city I am saying something about Venice."
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After-word. 'Invisible cities': which (good-bad) man? For which (good-bad) polity?
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which depicts the eponymous
Venetian merchant's journey across
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personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay
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2353:"In a Busy Train Station, a Postmodern Opera Takes Shape"
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2455:- Portraits of the world's cities painted with sound
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2277:"Review: An inward tour through 'Invisible Cities'"
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97:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
463:The book is framed as a conversation between the
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2415:- essay by John Welsh, University of Virginia
474:. The majority of the book consists of brief
8:
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60:Learn how and when to remove these messages
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2080:literary group to which Calvino belonged.
525:deconstructs an archetypal example of the
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233:Learn how and when to remove this message
215:Learn how and when to remove this message
157:Learn how and when to remove this message
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552:, and stories by Polo about the region.
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451:. It was published in Italy in 1972 by
2371:The 2014 Pulitzer Prize Winners: Music
2209:"Le CittĂ Invisibili di Italo Calvino"
7:
95:adding citations to reliable sources
2715:Cultural depictions of Kublai Khan
2296:"Is This the Opera of the Future?"
558:is an example of Calvino's use of
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2730:Italian novels adapted into plays
2720:Cultural depictions of Marco Polo
2648:Six Memos for the Next Millennium
2556:If on a winter's night a traveler
574:because "this book was made as a
41:This article has multiple issues.
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2542:The Castle of Crossed Destinies
2514:The Path to the Nest of Spiders
2407:Italo Calvino sparks obsessions
2373:, Pulitzer.org, April 14, 2014.
2088:The book was nominated for the
447:) is a novel by Italian writer
82:needs additional citations for
49:or discuss these issues on the
2725:Novels set in the 13th century
375:165 pp (first English edition)
1:
2395:Review by Jeannette Winterson
2760:Giulio Einaudi Editore books
2425:The New York Review of Books
2413:Erasing the Invisible Cities
2710:20th-century Italian novels
2090:Nebula Award for Best Novel
16:1972 novel by Italo Calvino
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2745:Novels adapted into operas
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347:Published in English
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2673:The Complete Cosmicomics
426:PZ3.C13956 In PQ4809.A45
21:Invisible Cities (album)
2700:Novels by Italo Calvino
2427:(Subscription Required)
2119:production directed by
388:(first English edition)
2535:The Nonexistent Knight
2528:The Baron in the Trees
2435:by Franco Ferrucci in
2339:Los Angeles Daily News
560:combinatory literature
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195:by rewriting it in an
2750:Site-specific theatre
2207:Elpis, Bruno (2016).
611:Cities & the Dead
518:Historical background
2616:Under the Jaguar Sun
614:Cities & the Sky
91:improve this article
2735:Novels about cities
2581:The Crow Comes Last
2521:The Cloven Viscount
2361:, October 29, 2014.
2351:Julie Baumgardner,
2342:, October 24, 2014.
2304:, October 22, 2013.
2285:, October 21, 2013.
2266:, October 19, 2013.
2129:2014 Pulitzer Prize
2105:Christopher Cerrone
593:Cities & Desire
590:Cities & Memory
550:imports and exports
444:Le cittĂ invisibili
277:Le cittĂ invisibili
273:Original title
247:
2437:The New York Times
2400:2015-01-07 at the
2358:The New York Times
2323:, October 2, 2014.
608:Cities & Names
596:Cities & Signs
197:encyclopedic style
184:is written like a
106:"Invisible Cities"
2705:Postmodern novels
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2634:Italian Folktales
2573:Story collections
2423:by Gore Vidal in
2320:Los Angeles Times
2282:Los Angeles Times
2263:Los Angeles Times
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620:Hidden Cities
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449:Italo Calvino
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421:LC Class
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409:Dewey Decimal
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257:First edition
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182:This article
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108: –
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2121:Yuval Sharon
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229:
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205:October 2011
202:
183:
153:
147:October 2011
144:
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127:
120:
113:
101:
89:Please help
84:verification
81:
57:
50:
44:
43:Please help
40:
2695:1972 novels
2595:Cosmicomics
2563:Mr. Palomar
2446:Illustrated
2275:Mark Swed,
2213:Bruno Elpis
2113:Los Angeles
2014:Penthesilea
631:Chapter no.
599:Thin Cities
502:generally.
476:prose poems
468:Kublai Khan
459:Description
2689:Categories
2588:Marcovaldo
2194:References
2188:Surrealism
2125:headphones
2115:. In this
661:Continuous
576:polyhedron
542:Yuan China
472:Marco Polo
283:Translator
117:newspapers
46:improve it
2497:Works by
2092:in 1975.
2066:Berenice
2041:Theodora
1862:Perinthia
1656:Beersheba
1445:Esmeralda
1212:Sophronia
774:Anastasia
582:Structure
564:semiotics
455:Editore.
414:853/.9/14
365:paperback
361:hardcover
318:Publisher
52:talk page
2451:Fällt -
2398:Archived
2139:See also
1991:Marozia
1889:Procopia
1835:Laudomia
1239:Eutropia
1163:Valdrada
1033:Euphemia
925:Maurilia
724:Dorothea
484:language
308:Language
1964:Cecilia
1916:Raissa
1813:Olinda
1629:Eusapia
1602:Clarice
1575:Moriana
1553:Eudoxia
1472:Phyllis
1423:Melania
1396:Leandra
1342:Ersilia
1315:Octavia
1293:Aglaura
1266:Zemrude
1109:Armilla
1082:Hypatia
1055:Zobeide
1006:Zenobia
849:Despina
697:Isidora
672:Diomira
664:Hidden
646:Trading
540:and in
529:genre,
480:culture
439:Italian
359:Print (
312:Italian
191:Please
131:scholar
2602:t zero
2506:Novels
2227:"1975"
2178:Oulipo
2084:Awards
2078:Oulipo
1937:Andria
1759:Thekla
1683:Leonia
1526:Adelma
1499:Pyrrha
1369:Baucis
1185:Olivia
952:Fedora
903:Isaura
801:Tamara
637:Desire
634:Memory
512:Venice
492:memory
470:, and
401:914835
363:&
303:, 1959
263:Author
133:
126:
119:
112:
104:
2626:Other
2301:Wired
2133:Music
2096:Opera
1786:Trude
1732:Argia
1705:Irene
1136:Chloe
876:Zirma
747:Zaira
652:Names
640:Signs
498:, or
496:death
372:Pages
341:Italy
138:JSTOR
124:books
2131:for
822:Zora
655:Dead
649:Eyes
643:Thin
566:and
538:Asia
488:time
395:OCLC
381:ISBN
351:1974
333:1972
110:news
2111:in
979:Zoe
658:Sky
93:by
2691::
2355:,
2336:,
2317:,
2298:,
2279:,
2243:.
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494:,
490:,
486:,
482:,
441::
299:,
55:.
2490:e
2483:t
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135:·
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87:.
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58:(
23:.
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