119:
Ground was broken at the salt mine in 1979; the water tank for the detector itself was finished in 1981. The project was delayed by funding problems and leaks in the water tank, but by the end of summer 1982 the detector was operating at full capacity. The first results were published in 1982. In
1189:
989:
111:
generated when such a particle moves faster than light's speed in water. Since directional information was available from the phototubes, IMB was able to estimate the initial direction of neutrinos.
1179:
511:
1083:
842:
605:
485:
176:
A Proposal for a Long
Baseline Oscillation Experiment Using A High Intensity Neutrino Beam from the Fermilab Main Injector to the IMB Water Cerenkov Detector; FNAL P805.
227:
128:. This discovery was completely unexpected; supernovas as near as 1987a are extremely rare and virtually unpredictable. The detector collected data until 1991.
686:
454:
261:
490:
727:
1148:
832:
762:
701:
419:
923:
1076:
837:
284:
862:
711:
691:
480:
1040:
963:
404:
999:
918:
1069:
994:
953:
928:
857:
572:
311:
254:
62:
1252:
1247:
872:
582:
464:
107:
tubes. IMB detected fast-moving particles such as those produced by proton decay or neutrino interactions by picking up the
70:
186:"IMB Detector: The First 30-Days." D. Sinclair et al. 1982. Los Alamos 1982, Proceedings, Science Underground, pg. 138-142.
1242:
1123:
938:
892:
135:. In one year of observation no proton decay event was recorded. This put the half-life of a proton at or above 10 years.
1133:
198:
1050:
882:
792:
742:
439:
270:
414:
1030:
434:
429:
247:
913:
767:
958:
1221:
782:
228:
A star exploded in a distant galaxy, and it made history in
Northeast Ohio at Morton Salt 170,000 years later
175:
968:
66:
933:
444:
50:
615:
1216:
1128:
797:
671:
365:
17:
1143:
1035:
822:
802:
409:
121:
108:
239:
948:
737:
676:
396:
83:, but it achieved greater fame through neutrino observation, particularly those from Supernova
516:
495:
288:
151:
1184:
1107:
943:
867:
696:
651:
595:
567:
459:
232:
1153:
590:
807:
732:
536:
202:
125:
104:
100:
1004:
984:
817:
551:
1236:
315:
75:
58:
1092:
757:
342:
80:
163:
221:
46:
42:
777:
681:
526:
521:
195:
1205:
217:
531:
54:
1061:
1163:
1158:
1014:
1009:
887:
877:
610:
424:
370:
84:
39:
852:
35:
1045:
827:
787:
772:
706:
646:
620:
132:
99:
tank about 17 × 17.5 × 23 meters, filled with 2.5 million gallons of
625:
908:
847:
752:
747:
630:
600:
449:
338:
546:
541:
96:
1065:
243:
150:
The
Underground Search for Clues to an Unstable Universe,
120:
1987, it gained fame for detecting 8 of the roughly 10
61:
600 meters underground. It was a joint venture of the
79:), it was built primarily with the goal of observing
1198:
1172:
1116:
1100:
1023:
977:
901:
720:
664:
639:
581:
560:
504:
473:
395:
380:
277:
131:This volume of water contains on the order of 10
154:, Vol. 219, No. 8 (December, 1981); pages 64-67.
271:Neutrino detectors, experiments, and facilities
73:. Like several other particle detectors (see
1077:
255:
8:
1084:
1070:
1062:
1031:BNO (Baksan or Baxan Neutrino Observatory)
392:
262:
248:
240:
143:
18:Irvine-Michigan-Brookhaven (detector)
7:
32:Irvine-Michigan-Brookhaven detector
25:
995:Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment
63:University of California, Irvine
164:John C. Vander Velde's IMB page
103:which was surrounded by 2,048
71:Brookhaven National Laboratory
1:
312:Lederman–Schwartz–Steinberger
1051:List of neutrino experiments
196:Russell J. Clark's IMB page
95:IMB consisted of a roughly
1269:
166:, accessed 11 April 2008.
205:, accessed 5 July 2006.
1253:University of Michigan
1248:Neutrino observatories
67:University of Michigan
53:mine on the shore of
38:decay experiment and
1243:Particle experiments
1222:Georgi–Glashow model
1217:Grand Unified Theory
366:Neutrino oscillation
1036:Kamioka Observatory
109:Cherenkov radiation
201:2004-12-14 at the
1230:
1229:
1059:
1058:
793:Heidelberg-Moscow
660:
659:
517:ICARUS (Fermilab)
236:, 30 August 2024)
16:(Redirected from
1260:
1185:Hyper-Kamiokande
1108:Super-Kamiokande
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
944:Neutrino Factory
697:Hyper-Kamiokande
460:Super-Kamiokande
393:
360:
359:
358:
350:
349:
333:
332:
331:
323:
322:
306:
305:
304:
296:
295:
264:
257:
250:
241:
233:The Plain Dealer
206:
193:
187:
184:
178:
173:
167:
161:
155:
148:
21:
1268:
1267:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1259:
1258:
1257:
1233:
1232:
1231:
1226:
1194:
1168:
1112:
1096:
1090:
1060:
1055:
1019:
973:
897:
716:
656:
635:
577:
556:
500:
469:
388:
386:
384:
382:
376:
357:
354:
353:
352:
348:
346:
345:
344:
343:
330:
327:
326:
325:
321:
319:
318:
317:
316:
303:
300:
299:
298:
294:
292:
291:
290:
289:
273:
268:
214:
209:
203:Wayback Machine
194:
190:
185:
181:
174:
170:
162:
158:
152:Popular Science
149:
145:
141:
126:Supernova 1987A
117:
105:photomultiplier
101:ultrapure water
93:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1266:
1264:
1256:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1227:
1225:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1202:
1200:
1196:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1187:
1182:
1176:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1131:
1126:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1113:
1111:
1110:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1091:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1054:
1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
1005:NESTOR Project
1002:
997:
992:
987:
985:DUMAND Project
981:
979:
975:
974:
972:
971:
966:
961:
956:
951:
946:
941:
936:
931:
926:
921:
916:
911:
905:
903:
899:
898:
896:
895:
890:
885:
880:
875:
870:
865:
860:
855:
850:
845:
840:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
724:
722:
718:
717:
715:
714:
709:
704:
699:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
668:
666:
662:
661:
658:
657:
655:
654:
649:
643:
641:
637:
636:
634:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
587:
585:
579:
578:
576:
575:
570:
564:
562:
558:
557:
555:
554:
549:
544:
539:
534:
529:
524:
519:
514:
508:
506:
502:
501:
499:
498:
493:
488:
483:
477:
475:
471:
470:
468:
467:
462:
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
401:
399:
390:
378:
377:
375:
374:
373:neutrino burst
368:
363:
355:
347:
336:
328:
320:
309:
301:
293:
281:
279:
275:
274:
269:
267:
266:
259:
252:
244:
238:
237:
224:
218:IMB experiment
213:
212:External links
210:
208:
207:
188:
179:
168:
156:
142:
140:
137:
116:
113:
92:
89:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1265:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1240:
1238:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1204:
1203:
1201:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1147:
1145:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1135:
1132:
1130:
1127:
1125:
1122:
1121:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
991:
988:
986:
983:
982:
980:
976:
970:
967:
965:
962:
960:
957:
955:
952:
950:
947:
945:
942:
940:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
906:
904:
900:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
879:
876:
874:
871:
869:
866:
864:
861:
859:
856:
854:
851:
849:
846:
844:
841:
839:
836:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
723:
719:
713:
710:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
675:
673:
670:
669:
667:
663:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
642:
638:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
614:
612:
609:
607:
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
592:
589:
588:
586:
584:
580:
574:
571:
569:
566:
565:
563:
559:
553:
550:
548:
545:
543:
540:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
523:
520:
518:
515:
513:
510:
509:
507:
503:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
478:
476:
472:
466:
463:
461:
458:
456:
453:
451:
448:
446:
443:
441:
438:
436:
433:
431:
428:
426:
423:
421:
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
402:
400:
398:
394:
391:
379:
372:
369:
367:
364:
361:
340:
337:
334:
313:
310:
307:
286:
283:
282:
280:
276:
272:
265:
260:
258:
253:
251:
246:
245:
242:
235:
234:
229:
225:
223:
219:
216:
215:
211:
204:
200:
197:
192:
189:
183:
180:
177:
172:
169:
165:
160:
157:
153:
147:
144:
138:
136:
134:
129:
127:
123:
114:
112:
110:
106:
102:
98:
90:
88:
86:
82:
78:
77:
76:Kamiokande II
72:
68:
64:
60:
59:United States
56:
52:
48:
45:located in a
44:
41:
37:
33:
29:
19:
1210:
1206:
1138:
1093:Proton decay
1000:NEMO Project
812:
758:Double Chooz
665:Construction
397:Astronomical
285:Cowan–Reines
231:
191:
182:
171:
159:
146:
130:
118:
94:
81:proton decay
74:
31:
27:
26:
1095:experiments
606:KamLAND-Zen
505:Accelerator
383:(divided by
278:Discoveries
222:INSPIRE-HEP
124:emitted by
49:company's
47:Morton Salt
43:observatory
1237:Categories
1144:Kamiokande
823:Kamiokande
778:Gargamelle
682:Baikal-GVD
537:NA61/SHINE
522:MicroBooNE
220:record on
139:References
69:, and the
1129:Homestake
1101:Operating
978:Cancelled
798:Homestake
748:Cuoricino
712:SuperNEMO
532:MiniBooNE
381:Operating
122:neutrinos
55:Lake Erie
1199:See also
1173:Proposed
1164:Soudan 2
1159:Soudan 1
1024:See also
969:WATCHMAN
919:JEM-EUSO
902:Proposed
888:Soudan 2
878:SciBooNE
611:MAJORANA
561:Collider
481:Daya Bay
425:Borexino
387:neutrino
199:Archived
85:SN 1987A
51:Fairport
40:neutrino
34:, was a
1117:Retired
949:Nucifer
768:EXO-200
721:Retired
677:ARIANNA
573:SND@LHC
527:MINERνA
486:KamLAND
474:Reactor
440:IceCube
410:ANTARES
389:source)
385:primary
371:SN 1987
133:protons
115:History
97:cubical
57:in the
36:nucleon
1190:LAGUNA
1124:Frejus
1046:SNOLAB
990:LAGUNA
934:LEGEND
853:MINOS+
828:KARMEN
803:ICARUS
773:GALLEX
728:AMANDA
707:KM3NeT
647:KATRIN
621:PandaX
496:STEREO
356:τ
351:ν
329:μ
324:ν
297:ν
91:Design
65:, the
30:, the
1180:ANNIE
1154:NUSEX
1015:BOREX
954:P-ONE
924:GRAND
909:CUPID
868:OPERA
848:MINOS
843:MACRO
783:GERDA
753:DONUT
738:Chooz
652:WITCH
640:Other
631:XMASS
601:CUORE
596:COBRA
591:AMoRE
568:FASER
512:ANNIE
465:SNEWS
450:NEVOD
420:BDUNT
405:ANITA
339:DONUT
1041:LNGS
959:SBND
939:LENA
914:nEXO
893:Utah
873:RICE
863:NEMO
858:NARC
838:LSND
808:IGEX
763:ERPM
743:CNGS
733:CDHS
702:JUNO
692:DUNE
687:BEST
626:SNO+
616:NEXT
583:0νββ
547:NuMI
542:NOvA
491:RENO
455:SAGE
435:HALO
430:BUST
1149:KGF
1139:IMB
1134:HPW
1010:SOX
964:UNO
929:INO
883:SNO
833:KGF
818:K2K
813:IMB
788:GNO
672:ARA
552:T2K
445:LVD
415:ASD
230:" (
28:IMB
1239::
1209:−
87:.
1211:L
1207:B
1085:e
1078:t
1071:v
362:)
341:(
335:)
314:(
308:)
302:e
287:(
263:e
256:t
249:v
226:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.