133:(772/773–779/780). The latter is generally considered more likely, although it necessitates placing his theological work (written while the Umayyads were in power) more than two decades before his consecration. The translation was most likely made only after Ishoʿbokht was dead. It is preserved in the manuscript Alqosh Syr. 169, which also contains the
214:
While the Jews in every place have one law, as also the error of the
Magians and likewise also those who now rule over us, among the Christians the laws which are determined in the land of the Romans are distinct from those in the land of the Persians, and they in turn are distinct from those in the
215:
land of the
Arameans, and different from Ahwaz, and different in Mayshan, and likewise also in other places. Thus also from district to district and from city to city there are many differences in the matters of laws. And though the religion of the Christians is one, the law is not one ...
150:
is divided into six books and 82 chapters. The first book is theoretical in nature. The second and third books concern marriage and divorce. The fourth is about inheritance and the fifth donations and testaments. The sixth book deals with appeals. The first five books contain
626:
198:
In his introduction, Ishoʿbokht writes that he will take ideas from his own church's traditions as well as those of other churches and his own reasoning. His stated reason for writing is that the
227:
Besides the three works known to ʿAbdishoʿ, there are other works by Ishoʿbokht that are partially preserved and attest his philosophical interests. Extracts from his commentary on the
159:
to come out of the Church of the East. Isho'bokht proposes substantial developments of the procedure followed by the ecclesiastical courts, and promotes in particular the use of oaths.
241:. It is not absolutely certain that these fragments are by the Ishoʿbokht who was metropolitan of Fars. They survive only in Syriac, although that may not be their original language.
30:
and philosopher. He is known through his writings and a few references to them. His dates are not known precisely and little can be said of his life other than that he served as the
616:
352:
502:
Aoun, Marc (2005). "Jésubokt, métropolitain et juriste de l'Église d'Orient (Nestorienne), auteur au VIII siècle du premier traité systématique de droit séculier".
611:
631:
356:
219:
Ishoʿbokht is considered an original mind and one of the most important jurists the Church of the East produced. He was an important source for later jurists.
125:(780–823). According to the translator's preface, Ishoʿbokht was consecrated as metropolitan of Fars by a patriarch named Ḥenanishoʿ, which could be either
348:
31:
641:
195:, another metropolitan of Fars of uncertain date, make little use of Sasanian law, Ishoʿbokht's pontificate must be placed earlier than Shemʿon's.
621:
109:
Ishoʿbokht's legal treatise was originally composed in
Persian, but today survives only in translation. The only direct translation is a
636:
122:
528:
606:
54:, the seat of the metropolitans of Fars. According to the 14th-century catalogue of the church's writers drawn up by
529:
Seeing Islam as Others Saw It: A Survey and
Evaluation of Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Writings on Early Islam
192:
98:
55:
183:
238:
67:
229:
79:
130:
83:
27:
126:
135:
580:
171:
43:
523:
480:
91:
97:
There is an excerpt attributed to Ishoʿbokht that appears to be drawn from a treatise on the
554:
511:
472:
336:
576:
465:"The Evolution of Judicial Procedures in East-Syrian Canon Law after the Islamic Conquests"
584:
179:
163:
152:
110:
156:
47:
600:
188:
70:. Although only the book of law survives, the first work is cited as a source in the
51:
90:
is described as written in
Persian by Ishoʿbokht, metropolitan of Fars under the
207:
175:
558:
476:
203:
515:
484:
464:
234:
199:
187:
and his work has been used by scholars seeking to reconstruct
Sasanian law.
167:
101:. It is in Syriac, although that may not have been its original language.
23:
140:
538:
75:
543:
and the
Emergence of Procedural Laws in the Church of the East"
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
431:
429:
427:
425:
423:
421:
419:
589:
446:
444:
627:
Bishops of Fars (East Syriac ecclesiastical province)
568:
Legal
Traditions in Asia: History, Concepts and Laws
547:Journal of the Canadian Society for Syriac Studies
237:exist in two manuscripts. There is also a note on
121:. This translation was commissioned by Patriarch
16:Persian legal scholar and Christian theologian
617:8th-century bishops of the Church of the East
202:are not uniform, in contrast to Islamic law,
8:
46:. His native language was almost certainly
435:
155:, but the last is the first major work on
410:
370:
281:
250:
191:argues that because the legal works of
450:
389:
347:i.e., the ecclesiastical provinces of
289:
58:, he wrote three works: a book called
612:Christians from the Umayyad Caliphate
22:(late 7th or late 8th century) was a
7:
632:8th-century Persian-language writers
469:Journal of Eastern Christian Studies
377:
504:Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis
162:Among Ishoʿbokht's sources are the
62:, a book of law and a treatise on
14:
50:and he may have been a native of
642:8th-century Iranian philosophers
72:Book of Examples and Their Study
42:Ishoʿbokht was a member of the
1:
284:, p. 206, translates it
143:translation from the Syriac.
622:Church of the East canonists
577:"Ishoʿbokht of Rev Ardashir"
184:Book of a Thousand Judgments
587:; Lucas Van Rompay (eds.).
271:Kitāb al-ʿIbar wa-l-iʿtibār
66:, i.e., the meaning of the
32:metropolitan bishop of Fars
658:
637:Church of the East writers
575:Van Rompay, Lucas (2011).
559:10.31826/9781463238940-004
178:. He is familiar with the
539:"Book VI of Īšōʿ-bokht's
477:10.2143/JECS.70.3.3285153
463:TILLIER, Mathieu (2018).
516:10.1163/1571819054088599
307:Mādīgān ī hazār dādestān
292:, p. 47, goes with
286:Composition on the Laws
174:and to a lesser extent
94:(that is, before 750).
82:, which is ascribed to
217:
200:laws of the Christians
537:Jamali, Nima (2017).
212:
129:(685/686–699/700) or
115:Maktbānūtā d-ʿal dīnē
80:teleological argument
566:Jany, Janos (2020).
294:Writing on Judgement
99:six days of Creation
56:ʿAbdishoʿ bar Brikha
28:Christian theologian
607:8th-century jurists
413:, pp. 205–209.
136:Synodicon Orientale
117:, often called the
583:; Aaron M. Butts;
581:Sebastian P. Brock
524:Hoyland, Robert G.
317:i.e., Zoroastrians
139:. There exists an
44:Church of the East
649:
592:
591:. Gorgias Press.
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562:
533:
519:
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460:
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337:Byzantine Empire
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273:
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88:On This Universe
78:treatise on the
74:, a 9th-century
60:On This Universe
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656:
652:
651:
650:
648:
647:
646:
597:
596:
595:
585:George A. Kiraz
574:
565:
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532:. Darwin Press.
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436:Van Rompay 2011
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153:substantive law
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40:
26:legal scholar,
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12:
11:
5:
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471:(3): 227–240.
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340:
328:
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157:procedural law
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453:, p. 37.
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392:, p. 38.
391:
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380:, p. 81.
379:
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365:
358:
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344:
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326:i.e., Muslims
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259:ʿAl hānā kull
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239:possibilities
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196:
194:
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189:Eduard Sachau
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138:
137:
132:
131:Ḥenanishoʿ II
128:
124:
120:
116:
113:one entitled
112:
104:
102:
100:
95:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
73:
69:
65:
64:shūdāʿ aʾeras
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
37:
35:
33:
29:
25:
21:
588:
567:
553:(1): 37–48.
550:
546:
541:Corpus Juris
540:
527:
510:(1): 81–92.
507:
503:
495:Bibliography
468:
458:
411:Hoyland 1997
385:
373:
349:Beth Aramaye
343:
331:
322:
313:
306:
301:
293:
285:
282:Hoyland 1997
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161:
148:Corpus Juris
147:
145:
134:
127:Ḥenanishoʿ I
119:Corpus Juris
118:
114:
108:
96:
87:
71:
63:
59:
52:Rev Ardashir
41:
19:
18:
570:. Springer.
451:Jamali 2017
390:Jamali 2017
353:Beth Huzaye
290:Jamali 2017
223:Philosopher
208:Zoroastrian
176:Islamic law
172:Persian law
601:Categories
366:References
335:i.e., the
230:Categories
204:Jewish law
38:Theologian
20:Ishoʿbokht
485:1783-1520
378:Aoun 2005
235:Aristotle
168:Roman law
123:Timothy I
526:(1997).
305:Persian
288:, while
269:Arabic:
257:Syriac:
180:Sasanian
92:Umayyads
84:al-Jāḥiẓ
357:Maishan
193:Shemʿon
76:Islamic
48:Persian
24:Persian
483:
141:Arabic
111:Syriac
105:Jurist
579:. In
245:Notes
210:law:
164:Bible
68:winds
481:ISSN
355:and
206:and
146:The
555:doi
512:doi
473:doi
233:of
603::
551:17
549:.
545:.
508:73
506:.
479:.
467:.
443:^
418:^
397:^
351:,
170:,
166:,
86:.
34:.
561:.
557::
518:.
514::
487:.
475::
438:.
296:.
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