31:
42:
757:
to designate a feature of the script that distinguishes it from a related script series, such as a feature that distinguishes the script of Old Hebrew from Old
Aramaic and Phoenician.
155:
that divides the
Northern Italian languages and Romance languages west of Italy from Central Italian dialects and Romance languages east of Italy. However, an
1067:
929:
895:
1044:
1025:
958:
904:
874:
849:
1060:
562:
1105:
695:
Just as there are distinguishing features of related languages, there are also distinguishing features of related scripts.
272:
844:. Current issues in linguistic theory. Vol. 191. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. p. 170.
614:
582:
570:
541:
families are spoken in adjacent geographic regions, they can be grouped by an isogloss: a geographic line separating
96:, the meaning of a word, or the use of some morphological or syntactic feature. Isoglosses are a subject of study in
1017:
281:
258:
152:
231:. However, the isogloss separates rather than connects points. Consequently, it has been proposed for the term
974:
Rollston, Christopher A. (2006). "Scribal
Education in Ancient Israel: The Old Hebrew Epigraphic Evidence".
148:
109:
687:
Such features can be used as data of fundamental importance for the purposes of linguistic classification.
467:
463:
264:
190:
121:
1100:
566:
441:
179:
144:
750:
228:
1110:
743:
164:
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384:
171:
cuts across France and
Germany, while the /y/ is absent from Italian and Spanish words that are
1040:
1021:
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630:
105:
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380:
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113:
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125:
30:
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769: – Linguistic feature arising through language contact rather than common descent
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89:
35:
41:
778:
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224:
140:
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65:
49:
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787: – Geographic range of dialects that vary more strongly at the distant ends
189:
is a distinguishing feature of a writing system. Both concepts are also used in
85:
69:
45:
802: – Geolinguistic boundary between mutually intelligible speech communities
275:(PIE). In the standard reconstruction, three series of dorsals are recognised:
124:, in which they indicate the similarities and differences between members of a
890:
811:
805:
117:
61:
1072:
A discussion of the shortcomings and oversimplifications of using isoglosses.
590:
987:
17:
793: – Geographical area associated with a specific cultural orientation
699:
676:
is preserved. Thus, an ancient
Northwest Semitic language whose historic
586:
343:
738:
of Old Hebrew has a distinctive stance (it leans to the right), but the
772:
602:
569:
isogloss, which demarcates numerous linguistic features, including the
505:
172:
132:
101:
808: – Geographic line (isogloss) between dialects in northern France
537:
Since the Balto-Slavic family, the Indo-Iranian family, and the other
684:
can be classed as part of the
Canaanite branch of Northwest Semitic.
312:
641:. However, in the ancient Northwest Semitic languages, the word was
714:
400:
93:
40:
29:
726:
720:
598:
746:
series has a different stance (in both, it leans to the left).
593:) have the shift, while regions south of the line (including
236:
215:
206:
1037:
The
Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages
100:, in which they demarcate the differences between regional
945:
Daniels, Peter; Bright, William, eds. (8 February 1996).
1068:
Beyond the
Isogloss: The Isograph in Dialect Topography
795:
Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
1016:. Cambridge Textbooks in Linguistics (2nd ed.).
976:
Bulletin of the
American Schools of Oriental Research
1012:
Chambers, J.K.; Trudgill, Peter (28 December 1998).
512:
493:
471:
429:
410:
388:
365:
357:
349:
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326:
318:
303:
295:
287:
159:isogloss may or may not have any coterminus with a
27:
Geographic boundary of a certain linguistic feature
946:
922:Dialect Geography of Syria-Palestine: 1000-586 BCE
814: – Group of languages sharing areal features
267:family relates to the different evolution of the
672:and dialects of Northwest Semitic, the historic
470:), the labiovelars merged with the velars: PIE
781: – Scientific study of linguistic dialect
1061:An example of an isogloss in Southern England
698:For example, a distinguishing feature of the
8:
387:), the palatals merged with the velars: PIE
223:"tongue, dialect, language") is inspired by
899:. Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag. p. 359.
730:do not have an open head, but contemporary
84:, is the geographic boundary of a certain
1081:A humorous analysis of Russian isoglossy.
553:North–Midland isogloss (American English)
455:branches, named after the Latin word for
1077:On Some Acoustic Correlates of Isoglossy
1039:. New York: Cambridge University Press.
869:. Blackwell Publishing. pp. 52–54.
178:One of the best-known isoglosses is the
108:, in which they represent the extent of
829:
820: – Isogloss in German dialectology
573:: regions north of the line (including
734:has open-headed forms. Similarly, the
175:with the /y/-containing French words.
953:. New York: Oxford University Press.
625:at the beginning of a word. Thus, in
530:branches, after the Avestan word for
7:
168:
896:Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben
64:(yellow). The main isoglosses, the
867:Indo-European Language and Culture
56:(cyan), and is distinguished from
25:
1035:Woodard, Roger D. (31 May 2004).
668:of Northwest Semitic. Within the
451:"how? where?". They are known as
263:The centum–satem isogloss of the
920:Garr, W. Randall (2 June 2008).
865:Fortson IV, Benjamin W. (2004).
462:In other branches (for example,
375:In some branches (for example
1:
775: – Variant of a language
629:and subsequent non-Northwest
244:"other") to be used instead.
116:with one another; and in the
637:for a word for "child" were
399:"tremble (inwardly)" became
135:are typically demarcated by
949:The World's Writing Systems
615:Northwest Semitic languages
571:Northern Cities vowel shift
561:has been identified as the
185:Similar to an isogloss, an
139:of isoglosses, such as the
1127:
1018:Cambridge University Press
545:branches on one side from
513:
494:
472:
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411:
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366:
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296:
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753:suggested using the term
656:Similarly, Proto-Semitic
613:A feature of the ancient
227:, or isopleths, such as
597:, central and southern
549:branches on the other.
421:"hundred" became Latin
149:West Germanic languages
1106:Historical linguistics
1085:Spanish-language slang
265:Indo-European language
191:historical linguistics
122:historical linguistics
73:
72:, are marked in black.
38:
988:10.1086/BASOR25066977
442:interrogative pronoun
259:Centum–satem isogloss
253:Centum–satem isogloss
214:"equal, similar" and
180:centum-satem isogloss
153:La Spezia–Rimini Line
88:feature, such as the
44:
33:
751:Christopher Rollston
706:is that the letters
557:A major isogloss in
526:. They are known as
114:languages in contact
112:of features between
742:of the Aramaic and
428:(pronounced ); but
273:Proto-Indo-European
163:. For example, the
143:that distinguishes
744:Phoenician scripts
666:Canaanite dialects
633:and dialects, the
104:of a language; in
74:
39:
34:Isoglosses on the
931:978-1-57506-091-0
838:Sihler, Andrew L.
791:Cultural boundary
785:Dialect continuum
670:Aramaic languages
631:Semitic languages
609:Northwest Semitic
373:
372:
269:dorsal consonants
106:areal linguistics
16:(Redirected from
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842:Language History
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575:Western New York
559:American English
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800:Language border
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579:Cleveland, Ohio
555:
519:became Avestan
261:
255:
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205:(Ancient Greek
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161:language border
147:from the other
126:language family
28:
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22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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1055:External links
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818:Uerdingen line
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601:, and most of
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583:lower Michigan
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484:Vedic Sanskrit
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257:Main article:
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165:front-rounding
58:Low Franconian
54:Central German
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767:Areal feature
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704:Hebrew script
701:
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627:Proto-Semitic
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510:
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499:
492:"shaken" and
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469:
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437:
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427:
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409:"desire" and
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225:contour lines
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90:pronunciation
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55:
51:
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37:
36:Faroe Islands
32:
19:
1101:Dialectology
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1066:
1036:
1014:Dialectology
1013:
1006:Bibliography
979:
975:
969:
948:
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779:Dialectology
754:
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707:
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635:root letters
622:
618:
612:
595:Pennsylvania
556:
546:
542:
538:
536:
531:
527:
521:
520:
514:
511:"who?"; but
508:
497:
495:
487:
486:
475:
473:
468:Indo-Iranian
464:Balto-Slavic
461:
456:
452:
446:
445:
433:
431:
423:
422:
414:
412:
404:
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392:
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374:
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232:
220:
211:
202:
200:
186:
184:
177:
156:
141:Benrath line
136:
130:
98:dialectology
81:
77:
75:
70:Speyer lines
52:(green) and
50:Upper German
891:Rix, Helmut
585:; northern
282:Labiovelars
233:heterogloss
145:High German
82:heterogloss
46:High German
1111:Isoglosses
1095:Categories
825:References
812:Sprachbund
806:Joret line
605:) do not.
157:individual
118:wave model
86:linguistic
62:Low German
18:Isoglosses
996:160670117
982:: 47–74.
749:In 2006,
691:Isographs
621:becoming
591:Wisconsin
444:" became
201:The term
197:Etymology
110:borrowing
893:(2001).
840:(2000).
761:See also
755:isograph
700:Iron Age
660:becomes
587:Illinois
385:Germanic
344:Palatals
248:Examples
203:isogloss
187:isograph
173:cognates
151:and the
133:dialects
102:dialects
78:isogloss
773:Dialect
732:Aramaic
680:became
664:in the
645:, with
603:Indiana
567:Midland
532:hundred
515:*ḱm̥tom
506:Avestan
504:became
490:opáyati
482:became
457:hundred
242:héteros
229:isobars
137:bundles
66:Benrath
1043:
1024:
994:
957:
928:
903:
873:
848:
547:centum
453:centum
381:Italic
313:Velars
238:ἕτερος
221:glōssa
217:γλῶσσα
131:Major
992:S2CID
715:dalet
649:>
643:y-l-d
639:w-l-d
563:North
543:satem
539:satem
528:satem
426:entum
417:m̥tom
401:Latin
377:Greek
94:vowel
92:of a
1041:ISBN
1022:ISBN
955:ISBN
926:ISBN
901:ISBN
871:ISBN
846:ISBN
727:resh
724:and
721:ayin
702:Old
599:Ohio
524:atəm
478:eup-
466:and
407:upiō
395:eup-
383:and
305:*gʷʰ
212:ísos
208:ἴσος
68:and
60:and
984:doi
980:344
740:bet
736:bet
709:bet
617:is
367:*ǵʰ
336:*gʰ
297:*gʷ
289:*kʷ
271:of
169:/y/
167:of
120:of
76:An
1097::
1020:.
990:.
978:.
718:,
712:,
653:.
651:y-
647:w-
581:;
577:;
534:.
509:kō
500:o-
498:kʷ
459:.
447:qu
436:o-
434:kʷ
379:,
359:*ǵ
351:*ḱ
328:*g
320:*k
193:.
182:.
128:.
1087:.
1079::
1070::
1063:.
1049:.
1030:.
998:.
986::
963:.
934:.
909:.
879:.
854:.
682:ō
678:ā
674:ā
662:ō
658:ā
623:y
619:w
565:–
522:s
496:*
488:k
476:k
474:*
449:ō
440:"
432:*
424:c
415:ḱ
413:*
405:c
393:k
391:*
362:,
354:,
346::
331:,
323:,
315::
300:,
292:,
284::
235:(
20:)
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