107:
61:
358:'s 5th Army. He arrived at Cádiz in April 1811 to find that he should instead go to Alicante, where he was being investigated for the defeat at Ocaña. After 18 months at Alicante, in February 1813 he was ordered to return to Cádiz. From June to December 1813 he was stationed at Algeciras before going to Madrid after having been appointed member of the
414:'s Army of La Mancha, a united force that would now exceed 50,000 sabres and bayonets, and with which the Junta intended to take Madrid. However, Venegas was then removed from the command of the united army, with Eguía again holding interim command for a few days until Areizaga arrived from Lerida to take up his new command. (Oman 1908: p. 73.)
406:(Oman 1908: p. 69.) who, the following month marched three divisions of infantry and twelve or thirteen regiments of cavalry, some 25,000 men in all. The remainder of the Army of Extremadura, two divisions of infantry, numbering some 12,000 troops, plus 2,500 cavalry, was left in Estremadura under the
447:
I wish I had anything agreeable to communicate to you from this army. The corps which belonged to the original army of La Mancha are certainly in every respect superior to those from
Estremadura ... But nothing can exceed the general discontent, dissatisfaction, and demoralization of the mass of the
410:, who then had to send a cavalry brigade to join the Army of the North, leaving him with only five cavalry regiments, some 1,500 sabres. Of his infantry, over 4,000 were needed to garrison Badajoz, leaving him only 8,000 men available in the field. (Oman, 1908: p. 69.) Eguía's troops were to join
601:
227:'s insensate resolve to make an offensive movement on Madrid, it is impossible to speak with patience of his generalship. For a combination of rashness and vacillation it excels that of any other Spanish general during the whole war. (Oman 1903: p. 96.)
448:
people and of the army. How can anybody who has the faculty of reason separate the inefficiency, intrigue, bad organization, and consequent disasters of the army from the source of all those evils in the Junta? (Oman 1908: pp. 85 & footnote 92.)
429:. The men had all been furnished with new clothes and equipment since August, mainly from English stores landed at Cadiz. There were sixty guns, and such a body of cavalry as had never yet been collected during the war. (Oman 1908: pp. 84–85.)
370:
With
Fernando VII back on the throne, Areizaga was appointed captain general of Guipúzcoa in July 1814, and that same month the case against him for Ocaña was dismissed. He continued as governor until his death in 1820.
344:, where he was unable to prevent Soult from entering Andalusia and head towards Seville with seventy thousand troops, forcing the Supreme Central Junta to abandon that city and retreat down to Cádiz.
374:
During the
Hundred Days Areizaga was also given command of the Observation Corps of the Left (Ejército de Observación de la Izquierda) until June 1815, when he handed over his command to
323:
291:. He then presented himself for duty at the Junta Central in Seville, and was promoted to field marshal at the beginning of May. He was then given command of the 3rd Division of
201:
265:
638:
205:
326:'s Army of the Left and Aréizaga's new Army of the Centre, the Junta Central, contrary to Wellington's advice, had prepared a plan expel the French troops from Madrid.
459:
Another source, Hindley (2010) puts the figure even higher, at twenty-six thousand out of fifty-four thousand
Spanish troops dead, wounded, or imprisoned.
126:
355:
441:
375:
585:
337:, with about 4,000 Spaniards killed or wounded and 14,000 prisoners taken, as well as thirty flags and fifty of the sixty guns captured.
243:
Promoted to
Fusiliers captain in August 1790, he saw action in the defence of Oran and remained garrisoned there until October 1791.
311:, until the end of September, when he was transferred to the newly formed Army of the Centre, under the interim command of General
395:
354:
Appointed governor of
Cartagena in August 1810, he remained in that post until the following December, when he was attached to
513:
212:, agree that, while not questioning Aréizaga's personal courage, he lacked the necessary skills required of a general.
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for
Navarre. However, his appointment was annulled due to the case still open against him for the defeat at Ocaña.
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132:
340:
Following his overwhelming defeat, Aréizaga resigned, resignation that was not accepted, and he retreated down to
633:
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168:
578:
402:
the previous March, interim command of the Army of
Estremadura had been given to his second-in-command, General
347:
Having been flanked by Soult on 20 January 1810, Aréizaga retreated to
Granada, where he handed over command to
411:
559:
299:
towards the end of the month, and for which he was promoted to lieutenant general. He was then defeated at
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Aréizaga was promoted to brigadier at the beginning of March 1809, and after raising troops in
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A British officer attached to
Areizaga's staff, Colonel Roche, sent the following dispatch to
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307:. Following his retreat from that battle, Aréizaga was appointed governor of
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As a cadet in the Mallorca Infantry Regiment, Aréizaga saw action during the
425:
His army was the best which had been seen under the Spanish banners since
398:'s resignation in mid-August, due to the injuries that he had received at
261:
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Oman was especially scathing in his assessment of Aréizaga's command at
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264:, recruiting troops along the way and presented himself for duty to
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Even allowing for the fact that Areizaga had been the victim of the
579:"The Spanish Ulcer: Napoleon, Britain, and the Siege of Cádiz" in
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287:, in Aragón, near the fronitier with Catalonia, marched them to
329:
At the command of the new army, Aréizaga was routed by Marshal
538:, Vol. III, pp. 69–70, 73, 84–85, 95–96, footnote 92.
303:the following June and again, three days later, at
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100:
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280:, gave Aréizaga command of an Infantry division.
196:Many historians of the Peninsular War, including
315:, whom he would succeed the following October.
260:At the outbreak of the War, he marched towards
42: and the second or maternal family name is
583:, January/February 2010, Volume 31, Number 1.
8:
295:'s Army of Aragón, which was victorious at
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639:Spanish commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
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586:National Endowment for the Humanities
240:in 1775, where he was badly wounded.
7:
511:"Juan Carlos Aréizaga y Alduncín".
25:
268:in November. After the defeat at
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561:A History of the Peninsular War
536:A History of the Peninsular War
187:Juan Carlos Aréizaga y Alduncín
276:, then a commissioner for the
1:
514:Real Academia de la Historia
322:'s Army of Extremadura, the
34:, the first or paternal
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577:Hindley, Meredith (2010).
509:. Martín-Lanuza, Alberto.
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29:
605:Congreso de los Diputados
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602:"Aréizaga, Juan Carlos".
568:. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
543:. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
27:Spanish military officer
607:. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
588:. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
516:. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
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32:Spanish name
629:1820 deaths
624:1756 births
96:, Guipúzcoa
618:Categories
581:Humanities
467:References
442:Wellington
394:Following
285:Mequinenza
101:Allegiance
78:Guipúzcoa
558:(1903).
533:(1908).
400:Medellin
305:Belchite
266:Castaños
262:Zaragoza
44:Alduncín
40:Aréizaga
30:In this
412:Venegas
297:Alcañiz
289:Tortosa
206:Clonard
191:Spanish
36:surname
427:Tudela
396:Cuesta
360:Cortes
309:Lérida
270:Tudela
202:Toreno
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94:Tolosa
404:Eguía
382:Notes
349:Blake
335:Ocaña
331:Soult
313:Eguía
301:María
225:Junta
217:Ocaña
113:Spain
210:Oman
208:and
84:Died
68:Born
333:at
38:is
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548:^
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378:.
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20:)
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