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and
Chamorro was imprisoned for almost a year while its members were prosecuted. In prison, Chamorro formed a mutual aid organisation, which established a prison library and organised an International Workers Day demonstration, drawing the attention of the left-wing press. Even after he was released
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Chamorro kept a low profile after his release from prison, staying out of trade union organising and debates between anarcho-syndicalists and industrial unionists. He only returned to trade union organising in 1925, when he participated in a series of maritime workers' conventions. During the
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was declared. Chamorro was imprisoned again and the right-wing press orchestrated a smear campaign against him, prompting
Chamorro to carry revolvers with him for self-defense. In order to avoid being recognised by police, Chamorro intentionally distorted his face when appearing in public.
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278:, Chamorro was kept under constant surveillance by the state, which brought him into frequent conflict with the police. In 1916, Chamorro called a congress of maritime workers' unions in Valparaiso, where a general strike to implement the
267:. In October 1913, the FORCH led a general strike; Chamorro was preemptively arrested, but this only strengthened the resolve of striking workers. During this period, Chamorro also formed links with the
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232:. After he was released from prison, state repression prevented him from returning to work as a mechanic or finding another job in the docks, forcing him to work as a
311:, Chamorro went into hiding. By the 1930s, he was only attending syndicalist rallies infrequently. Juan Chamorro died in a hospital in Valparaiso, on 23 June 1941.
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In the wake of the strike's suppression, Chamorro started to think that a new form of trade union organisation was necessary. Influenced by the programme of
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228:, for which he was imprisoned. The PD subsequently denounced him as a "professional agitator", which provoked his shift towards
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Savala, Joshua (2019). "Ports of
Transnational Labor Organizing: Anarchism along the Peruvian-Chilean Littoral, 1916–1928".
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from prison in
February 1921, he continued to visit other prisoners and maintained contact with the mutual aid group.
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leader. The son of a socialist politician and journalist, Chamorro led the dockworkers' union in
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294:(IWW-C) and was elected as its general secretary. In 1920, the IWW-C was declared to be a
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Like his father, Chamorro worked as an activist for the PD, within which he
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In 1911, the dockworkers' union resumed its activities, establishing a
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Centro de
Documentación e Investigación de la Cultura de Izquierdas
162:. His father, Juan de Dios Chamorro Hernández, was a member of the
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204:. He contributed to a series of left-wing newspapers, including
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The Cry of the
Renegade: Politics and Poetry in Interwar Chile
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Diccionario biográfico de las izquierdas latinoamericanas
220:. In 1907, he became general secretary of the Valparaiso
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290:, in 1918, he established a Chilean branch of the
170:. After coming of age, in 1905, Chamorro moved to
154:Juan Onofre Chamorro Azócar was born in 1885, in
418:A Global History of Convicts and Penal Colonies
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411:"Postcolonial Latin America, since 1800"
112:Juan de Dios Chamorro Hernández (father)
529:Industrial Workers of the World leaders
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144:Chilean Industrial Workers of the World
16:Chilean trade union leader (1885–1941)
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269:Peruvian Regional Workers' Federation
216:; he also founded his own newspaper,
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257:Chilean Regional Workers' Federation
140:Chilean Regional Workers' Federation
474:Hispanic American Historical Review
448:Lagos Mieres, Manuel André (2020).
146:(IWW-C), both of which he founded.
180:Escuela de Artes y Oficios (Chile)
115:María Celia Azócar Burgos (mother)
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432:The Libertarian Movement in Chile
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292:Industrial Workers of the World
166:(PD) and edited the newspaper
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236:in order to sustain himself.
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125:Juan Onofre Chamorro Azócar
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253:International Workers' Day
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259:(FORCH), a federation of
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486:10.1215/00182168-7573529
429:Gambone, Larry (1996).
392:Oxford University Press
384:Craib, Raymond (2016).
309:Carlos Ibáñez del Campo
409:Edwards, Ryan (2018).
296:terrorist organisation
142:(FORCH) and later the
366:, pp. 102–170;
101:Flora Soza Velásquez
450:"CHAMORRO, Juan O."
424:. pp. 245–270.
422:Bloomsbury Academic
288:industrial unionism
274:By the outbreak of
519:Chilean socialists
514:Chilean anarchists
435:. Red Lion Press.
224:' union and led a
127:(1885–1941) was a
368:Lagos Mieres 2020
340:Lagos Mieres 2020
265:general secretary
261:benefit societies
210:La Defensa Obrera
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81:(1941-06-23)
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509:1941 deaths
504:1885 births
461: [
276:World War I
222:dockworkers
183: [
132:trade union
498:Categories
364:Craib 2016
315:References
214:La Batalla
172:Valparaiso
156:Talcahuano
136:Valparaiso
87:Valparaíso
61:Talcahuano
230:anarchism
202:sociology
150:Biography
441:45554330
271:(FORP).
206:Libertad
198:politics
176:mechanic
245:library
243:with a
234:butcher
178:at the
129:Chilean
106:Parents
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196:about
98:Spouse
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160:Chile
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437:OCLC
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