Knowledge (XXG)

June 1996 Bangladeshi general election

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fired General Abu Saleh Mohammad Nasim, Chief of the Staff of the Army, due to his refusal to carry out a presidential order to retire two of his generals who were alleged to be consorting with political parties in violation of military rules. Nasim revolted against the President and organised troops
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were called by the other parties and an indefinite non-cooperation movement was called until demands for a new, free election was met. On 25 March 1996, following escalating political turmoil, the sitting Parliament enacted the thirteenth constitutional amendment to allow a neutral
937:'s BNP was re-elected for the second term in a landslide victory, with the majority of seats uncontested. The voting was denounced as unfair by the three main opposition parties and the voter turnout was the lowest in Bangladesh's parliamentary electoral history at only 21%. 997:
loyal to him. Consequently, President Biswas dismissed Nasim and appointed a new chief of staff. Troops loyal to the President were mobilised to protect Government institutions in the capital and Nasim was arrested by military police and the attempted coup d'état failed.
1036:, who were just shy of a simple parliamentary majority, winning 146 (of the required 151 for a majority) seats. The election was close in terms of popular vote share between Awami League and BNP, with a difference of less than 4%. However, as a result of 932:
to oversee the election, citing a 1994 by-election (which they alleged to have been rigged) as evidence of the BNP's inability to hold a free and fair election. Despite the boycott the February election went ahead and the incumbent Prime Minister
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in single-member constituencies, and an additional 30 seats reserved for women. The reserved seats are distributed based on the election results. Each parliament sits for a five-year term.
3929: 916:. Voter turnout was 74.96%, the highest to date. This election was the second to be held in 1996, following controversial elections held in February a few months earlier. 701: 887: 3703: 3698: 3621: 3599: 3693: 1670: 3353: 586: 415: 390: 3391: 3939: 3738: 925: 818: 41: 3911: 3934: 3688: 3678: 989: 800: 796: 3308:
Hasina's administration completed its full five-year term (the first parliamentary administration to ever do so) and the next elections were held in
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The June 1996 election marked the second general election to be held within only a four-month period. Previously in February, a
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had been held which was boycotted by all major opposition parties. The opposition were demanding the installation of a neutral
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Of the 300 directly elected seats, only eight were won by female candidates. An additional 30 seats were reserved in the
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to assume power and conduct new parliamentary elections. On 30 March the President appointed former Chief Justice
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Kumar Panday, Pranab (1 September 2008). "Representation without Participation: Quotas for Women in Bangladesh".
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invited Zia to form a government, but this administration was short-lived, lasting only 12 days. A series of
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67, with other minor parties nominating a combined 864 candidates. 284 candidates ran as independents.
953: 836: 813: 454: 1059:. The first sitting of the seventh parliament of Bangladesh was subsequently held on 14 July 1996. 993: 941: 591: 122: 3561: 3463: 1017: 1040:, Awami League secured a 30-seat lead above BNP. The election saw a high voter turnout of ~74%. 441: 360: 521: 3524:"After steering Awami League to power, Sheikh Hasina now faces political, economic challenges" 3455: 3418: 1903: 1221: 854: 619: 395: 3553: 3447: 3410: 1724: 92: 3579: 3498: 3438:
Kochanek, Stanley A. (February 1997). "Bangladesh in 1996: The 25th Year of Independence".
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for women, of which 27 were awarded to Awami League and rest to Jatiya Party.
901: 3557: 3459: 1055:, was invited to form a government on 23 June, beginning her first term as 3467: 674: 3580:"IPU PARLINE database: BANGLADESH (Jatiya Sangsad), Elections in 2001" 945: 3451: 3603: 908:, which won 146 of the 300 directly elected seats, beginning 571: 520: 440: 359: 3499:"BANGLADESH: parliamentary elections Jatiya Sangsad, 1996" 3400:
Reserved-Seat Women Members in the Bangladesh Parliament"
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A total of 2,574 candidates contested the elections. The
3922: 3812: 3784: 3644: 1012:all put forward full slates of 300 candidates. The 81: 73: 62: 904:on 12 June 1996. The result was a victory for the 3481:Statistical Report: 7th Jatiya Shangshad election 1082: 287: 2184:Bangladesh Tafsil Jati Federation (S.K. Mandal) 2861:Bangladesh Bashani Adarsha Bastabayan Parishad 2559:Bangladesh Samajtantrik Samsad (Darshan Shava) 976:consisted of 300 directly elected seats using 3615: 1671:Bangladesh National Awami Party (NAP Bashani) 1619:Bangladesher Samajtantrik Dal (Khalekuzzaman) 881: 8: 18: 3407:Women in Governing Institions in South Asia 1981:Bangladesh Samyabadi Dal (Marxist-Leninist) 3622: 3608: 3600: 3539: 3537: 1068: 988:During the election campaign there was an 888: 874: 337: 17: 3638:Elections and referendums in Bangladesh 3493: 3491: 3489: 3321: 3288: 3275: 3262: 3249: 3236: 3232: 3209: 2584:Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Mukti Andolon 349: 343:This article is part of a series on the 3546:International Political Science Review 2986:Samridhya Bangladesh Babosai Samproday 19:June 1996 Bangladeshi general election 3276: 3263: 3250: 3237: 2659:Bangladesh Tafsili Federation (Sudir) 2384:Bangladesh Krisak Sramik Janata Party 1752:Bangladesh National Awami Party (NAP) 1091: 1088: 1085: 7: 3348: 3346: 1698:Bangladesh Muslim League (Jamir Ali) 1645:Bangladesh Samajtantrik Dal (Mahbub) 3390:Ahmed, Nizam; Hasan, Sadik (2018). 3036:Bangladesh Krishak Raj Islami Party 2710:National Awami Party (NAP Bhashani) 2309:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Mahiuddin) 102: 3086:Bangladesh Islami Biplobi Parishad 2736:Quran Dorshion Sangshta Bangladesh 1568:Bangladesh Jatiyabadi Awami League 14: 2259:Bangladesh Jatiya League (Sobhan) 1853:Jatiya Janata Party (Sheikh Asad) 1828:Jatiya Janata Party (Nurul Islam) 3631: 2811:Bangladesh Jatiya Agragati Party 1074: 848: 370: 274: 232: 231: 224: 223: 216: 215: 135: 128: 121: 87: 86: 25: 3966:General elections in Bangladesh 2509:Islamic Dal Bangladesh (Saifur) 1411:Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam Bangladesh 972:In 1996 the 330 members of the 900:General elections were held in 69:151 seats needed for a majority 3976:June 1996 events in Bangladesh 3483:Bangladesh Election Commission 3292:Bangladesh Election Commission 2761:Progatishil Gonotantrik Shakti 1032:The elections were won by the 1: 2886:Bangladesh Bastuhara Parishad 1384:Communist Party of Bangladesh 1357:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Inu) 1276:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) 1022:Jatiya Samajtantrik Dal (Rab) 942:President Abdur Rahman Biswas 3961:1996 elections in Bangladesh 3356:. 2018-08-12. Archived from 3111:Taherikay Olama-e-Bangladesh 2961:Bangladesh Tanjimul Muslimin 2936:Quran Sunna Bastabayan Party 2911:Bangladesh National Congress 2008:Sramik Krishak Samajbadi Dal 1904:Bangladesh Gano Azadi League 1489:Samridhya Bangladesh Andolon 1141:Bangladesh Nationalist Party 1006:Bangladesh Nationalist Party 992:by the military. On 12 May, 702:Parliamentary constituencies 64:300 of the 330 seats in the 3505:. Inter-Parliamentary Union 3415:10.1007/978-3-319-57475-2_2 3354:"Tenure of All Parliaments" 3163:Bangladesh Manabodjikar Dal 2234:Ganotantrik Sarbahara Party 1930:Progotisil Jatiata Badi Dal 1778:Democratic Republican Party 1593:Islami Shasantantra Andolon 1542:Bangladesh Khilafat Andolan 1303:Workers Party of Bangladesh 782:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 3992: 2534:Bangladesh People's League 2434:Bangladesh Sarbahara Party 1437:Sammilita Sangram Parishad 1195:Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami 1038:first-past-the-post voting 1010:Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh 978:first-past-the-post voting 3405:. In Ahmed, Nizam (ed.). 3289: 3285: 3277:Registered voters/turnout 3272: 3259: 3246: 3233: 3210: 2634:Bangladesh Mehanati Front 2359:National Democratic Party 1105: 1102: 1099: 1096: 1073: 285: 272: 99: 35: 23: 3558:10.1177/0192512108095724 3409:. Springer. p. 18. 3061:National Patriotic Party 2609:Gano Oikkya Front (Guff) 2134:Bangladesh Peoples Party 2084:Saat Dalya Jote (Mirpur) 1463:Bangladesh Freedom Party 940:Following the election, 653:Administrative divisions 548:Leader of the Opposition 2786:Bangladesh Islami Party 2109:Bangladesh Hindu League 1878:Social Democratic Party 1803:Bangladesh Janata Party 1515:Bangladesh Islami Front 1034:Bangladesh Awami League 958:Muhammad Habibur Rahman 906:Bangladesh Awami League 300:Muhammad Habibur Rahman 280:Results by constituency 3971:1996 elections in Asia 3786:Presidential elections 3330:"Election Publication" 2684:People's Muslim League 2159:Bangladesh Bekar Samaj 797:Diplomatic missions of 639:Bangladesh Bar Council 576: 525: 445: 364: 352:Politics of Bangladesh 3137:United Peoples' Party 2484:Sramajibi Oikya Forum 990:attempted coup d'état 855:Bangladesh portal 575: 524: 444: 363: 2459:Jatiya Daridra Party 2059:Jatiya Biplobi Front 1043:With the support of 954:caretaker government 930:caretaker government 837:Bangladeshi diaspora 455:Mohammed Shahabuddin 308:caretaker government 3337:Election Commission 3251:Invalid/blank votes 2409:Islami Al Zihad Dal 1070: 1016:ran 293 candidate, 707:Election commission 608:Metropolitan courts 592:High Court Division 539:Leader of the House 184:Last election 20: 1069: 1018:Islami Oikkya Jote 774:Foreign relations 587:Appellate Division 577: 526: 446: 365: 241:Popular vote 42:February 1996 3948: 3947: 3646:General elections 3424:978-3-319-57474-5 3301: 3300: 1955:Hak Kathar Mancha 1222:Islami Oikya Jote 898: 897: 832:Foreign relations 819:Visa requirements 759:Political parties 620:Syed Refaat Ahmed 501:Local governments 396:Law of Bangladesh 353: 336: 335: 332: 331: 268: 267: 212:Seat change 58: 57: 3983: 3636: 3635: 3624: 3617: 3610: 3601: 3594: 3593: 3591: 3590: 3576: 3570: 3569: 3541: 3532: 3531: 3520: 3514: 3513: 3511: 3510: 3495: 3484: 3478: 3472: 3471: 3435: 3429: 3428: 3404: 3387: 3381: 3378:Electoral system 3375: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3365: 3350: 3341: 3340: 3334: 3326: 2034:Communist Kendra 1725:Ganatantri Party 1078: 1071: 1047:, the leader of 994:President Biswas 968:Electoral system 926:general election 890: 883: 876: 853: 852: 851: 775: 696: 654: 628:Attorney General 567: 516: 436: 384: 374: 354: 351: 344: 338: 288: 278: 235: 234: 227: 226: 219: 218: 139: 132: 125: 101: 100: 90: 89: 37: 36: 30: 29: 28: 21: 3991: 3990: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3982: 3981: 3980: 3951: 3950: 3949: 3944: 3918: 3814:Local elections 3808: 3780: 3640: 3630: 3628: 3598: 3597: 3588: 3586: 3584:archive.ipu.org 3578: 3577: 3573: 3543: 3542: 3535: 3530:. 15 July 1996. 3522: 3521: 3517: 3508: 3506: 3503:archive.ipu.org 3497: 3496: 3487: 3479: 3475: 3452:10.2307/2645479 3437: 3436: 3432: 3425: 3402: 3389: 3388: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3363: 3361: 3352: 3351: 3344: 3332: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3318: 3306: 2334:Jatiya Seba Dal 2209:Desh Prem Party 1030: 986: 970: 922: 910:Sheikh Hasina's 894: 865: 861:Other countries 849: 847: 842: 841: 828: 809:Nationality law 805: 793: 777: 773: 765: 764: 754: 730: 697: 694: 687: 686: 656: 652: 644: 643: 601:District courts 569: 565: 557: 556: 518: 514: 506: 505: 482: 479:Yunus (interim) 470: 458: 438: 434: 426: 425: 421:Judicial review 401:Bangladesh Code 386: 382: 350: 342: 324: 319: 302: 297: 295:before election 286: 281: 273: 198:Seats won 68: 63: 31: 26: 24: 12: 11: 5: 3989: 3987: 3979: 3978: 3973: 3968: 3963: 3953: 3952: 3946: 3945: 3943: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3926: 3924: 3920: 3919: 3917: 3916: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3818: 3816: 3810: 3809: 3807: 3806: 3801: 3796: 3790: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3779: 3778: 3771: 3766: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3706: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3686: 3681: 3676: 3671: 3666: 3661: 3656: 3650: 3648: 3642: 3641: 3629: 3627: 3626: 3619: 3612: 3604: 3596: 3595: 3571: 3552:(4): 489–512. 3533: 3515: 3485: 3473: 3446:(2): 136–142. 3430: 3423: 3382: 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3457: 3453: 3449: 3445: 3441: 3434: 3431: 3426: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3401: 3399: 3395: 3386: 3383: 3379: 3374: 3371: 3360:on 2018-08-12 3359: 3355: 3349: 3347: 3343: 3338: 3331: 3325: 3322: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3303: 3297: 3293: 3282: 3279: 3269: 3266: 3256: 3253: 3243: 3240: 3228: 3225: 3222: 3219: 3216: 3213: 3205: 3202: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3190: 3187: 3185: 3184: 3180: 3177: 3174: 3171: 3168: 3165: 3162: 3160: 3159: 3155: 3152: 3149: 3146: 3143: 3140: 3138: 3135: 3133: 3132: 3128: 3125: 3122: 3119: 3116: 3113: 3110: 3108: 3107: 3103: 3100: 3097: 3094: 3091: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3082: 3078: 3075: 3072: 3069: 3066: 3063: 3060: 3058: 3057: 3053: 3050: 3047: 3044: 3041: 3038: 3035: 3033: 3032: 3028: 3025: 3022: 3019: 3016: 3013: 3011:Bashani Front 3010: 3008: 3007: 3003: 3000: 2997: 2994: 2991: 2988: 2985: 2983: 2982: 2978: 2975: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2963: 2960: 2958: 2957: 2953: 2950: 2947: 2944: 2941: 2938: 2935: 2933: 2932: 2928: 2925: 2922: 2919: 2916: 2913: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2903: 2900: 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1053:Sheikh Hasina 1050: 1046: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1027: 1025: 1023: 1019: 1015: 1011: 1007: 1003: 998: 995: 991: 983: 981: 979: 975: 967: 965: 963: 962:Chief Advisor 959: 955: 950: 948: 943: 938: 936: 931: 927: 919: 917: 915: 911: 907: 903: 891: 886: 884: 879: 877: 872: 871: 869: 868: 862: 859: 858: 856: 846: 845: 838: 835: 833: 830: 829: 825: 822: 820: 817: 815: 812: 810: 807: 806: 802: 801:in Bangladesh 798: 795: 794: 788: 785: 784: 783: 780: 779: 776: 769: 768: 761: 760: 756: 751: 748: 746: 743: 741: 737: 736: 734: 733: 727: 724: 722: 719: 717: 713: 712: 710: 708: 705: 703: 700: 699: 691: 690: 683: 680: 679: 676: 673: 672: 669: 666: 665: 662: 659: 658: 655: 648: 647: 640: 637: 635: 634: 633:AM Amin Uddin 629: 626: 625: 622: 621: 616: 615:Chief Justice 613: 612: 609: 606: 605: 602: 599: 598: 593: 590: 588: 585: 584: 582: 581:Supreme Court 579: 578: 574: 568: 561: 560: 553: 549: 546: 544: 540: 537: 535: 531: 528: 527: 523: 517: 510: 509: 502: 499: 497: 496:Civil Service 494: 492: 489: 487: 484: 481: 480: 475: 472: 469: 468: 463: 462:Chief Adviser 460: 457: 456: 451: 448: 447: 443: 437: 430: 429: 422: 419: 417: 414: 412: 409: 407: 404: 402: 399: 397: 394: 392: 389: 388: 385: 378: 377: 373: 369: 368: 362: 358: 357: 348: 345: 340: 339: 328: 327: 323: 322:Sheikh Hasina 318: 317: 313: 311: 309: 305: 301: 296: 294: 293:Chief Adviser 290: 289: 284: 277: 271: 263: 260: 257: 254: 253: 249: 246: 243: 240: 239: 230: 222: 214: 211: 210: 206: 203: 200: 197: 196: 192: 189: 186: 183: 182: 179: 176: 174: 171: 169: 166: 163: 162: 159: 156: 154: 151: 149: 148:Sheikh Hasina 146: 143: 142: 138: 134: 131: 127: 124: 120: 117: 116: 112: 110:Second party 109: 106: 103: 98: 94: 84: 80: 76: 72: 67: 61: 54: → 53: 50: 48: 45: 43: 40:←  39: 38: 34: 22: 16: 3912: 3774: 3743: 3587:. 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Ershad 153:Khaleda Zia 3955:Categories 3744:1996 (Jun) 3739:1996 (Feb) 3589:2018-12-27 3509:2018-12-27 3364:2018-12-27 3316:References 3280:56,716,935 3267:42,880,576 3241:42,418,274 3214:42,418,274 1330:Gano Forum 1145:14,255,986 1118:15,882,792 920:Background 902:Bangladesh 695:Elections 566:Judiciary 435:Government 416:Article 70 406:Penal Code 391:Amendments 250:6,954,981 193:Boycotted 190:278 seats 187:Boycotted 77:56,716,935 74:Registered 3566:220874021 3460:0004-4687 3398:Ahangkar? 3304:Aftermath 1199:3,653,013 1172:6,954,981 949:(strikes) 714:General: 668:Districts 661:Divisions 450:President 3394:Alangkar 3290:Source: 2284:Jana Dal 1100:Reserved 1020:166 and 984:Campaign 814:Passport 787:Minister 491:Agencies 486:Taxation 85:75.60% ( 3913:2024–25 3907:2020–21 3832:1983–84 3468:2645479 3339:. 2016. 3254:462,302 3191:449,618 1253:167,597 1226:461,517 1097:General 1028:Results 947:hartals 530:Speaker 474:Cabinet 264:16.40% 261:33.63% 258:37.44% 144:Leader 118:  104:  82:Turnout 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1528:0 1525:0 1504:0 1501:0 1498:0 1479:0 1476:0 1473:0 1452:0 1449:0 1446:0 1427:0 1424:0 1421:0 1400:0 1397:0 1394:0 1373:0 1370:0 1367:0 1346:0 1343:0 1340:0 1319:0 1316:0 1313:0 1292:1 1289:0 1286:1 1265:0 1262:0 1259:0 1238:1 1235:0 1232:1 1211:3 1208:0 1205:3 1181:3 1154:0 1089:% 889:e 882:t 875:v 306:( 95:)

Index

February 1996
2001
Jatiya Sangsad
pp



Sheikh Hasina
Khaleda Zia
H.M. Ershad
AL
BNP
JP(E)

Chief Adviser
Muhammad Habibur Rahman
Independent
caretaker government
Prime Minister
Sheikh Hasina
AL


Constitution
Amendments
Law of Bangladesh
Bangladesh Code
Penal Code
Human rights
Article 70

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