1762:
1801:
1730:
1781:
1824:
55:
33:
1968:
1984:
1800:
1729:
1761:
1597:
is a procumbent herb with angular stems, swollen at the nodes, with small, ovate leaves; small, purple flowers in terminal spikes; inserted didynamous stamens; and shortly bilobed stigmata.
833:
with leaves that are often strongly veined, but they are primarily cultivated for their showy, tubular flowers in shades of white, cream, yellow, orange, violet, or pink. Excepting
1780:
2444:
2207:
2233:
2405:
2155:
2418:
2220:
2168:
1823:
2269:
1910:
2521:
1937:
804:
2431:
2194:
2225:
1581:, common names including Brazilian plume flower, flamingo flower, and jacobinia) is native to South America in southern
2516:
2379:
2064:
921:
2457:
2282:
2511:
2238:
54:
1679:
1573:. It is hardy to −4 °C, but often recovers in the spring after freezing back in USDA Plant Zone 8a.
1381:
901:
850:
191:
2287:
1593:. It is hardy to −2 °C but often recovers in the spring after freezing back in USDA Plant Zone 8a.
1531:
2142:
1231:
1041:
1031:
2462:
1541:
1191:
1161:
1011:
2392:
2116:
2007:
1625:
1441:
1131:
991:
931:
2397:
2147:
2121:
1768:
1736:
1551:
1411:
1051:
1001:
941:
781:
regions of the
Americas, India, and Africa. The genus serves as host to many butterfly species, such as
1081:
871:
2423:
1501:
1371:
1301:
2248:
2173:
2090:
1972:
1870:
1787:
1451:
1351:
1311:
1281:
1211:
1141:
981:
961:
1401:
1807:
1607:
1491:
1461:
1291:
1251:
1201:
1121:
1111:
1101:
1091:
971:
951:
2483:
2328:
2274:
2129:
1521:
1511:
1471:
1431:
1321:
1151:
881:
838:
203:
49:
2449:
2256:
2212:
2077:
1933:
1906:
1745:
1661:
1643:
1341:
1171:
861:
2310:
2261:
1792:
1772:
1481:
1421:
1391:
1271:
1261:
1241:
1181:
1071:
1061:
763:
1361:
1331:
1221:
1021:
891:
826:
759:
92:
41:
2134:
2045:
1749:
911:
783:
79:
769:. It is the largest genus within the family, with over 900 accepted species. They are
32:
2505:
796:
778:
175:
1951:
2488:
2333:
809:
770:
148:
2384:
2371:
2082:
2056:
2360:
2069:
1900:
841:
below 7 °C (45 °F), so must be grown under glass in frost-prone areas.
2320:
2181:
2039:
766:
138:
2030:
1833:
158:
2103:
1841:
1590:
822:
2475:
2300:
1992:
1967:
2470:
2354:
2295:
2024:
1741:
1586:
128:
118:
105:
2410:
2160:
1837:
1813:
774:
2186:
1582:
1570:
830:
800:
2001:
2199:
2108:
1753:
803:
in some species. The generic name honours
Scottish horticulturist
755:
66:
2436:
2005:
2095:
1880:. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017
1932:. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136.
855:
915 species are accepted. Selected species include:
2344:
2014:
1983:Dressler, S.; Schmidt, M. & Zizka, G. (2014).
1997:. Frankfurt/Main: Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg.
1569:, commonly called shrimp plant) is native to
8:
2002:
1817:near Talakona Forest, in Chittoor District
31:
20:
1630:(Nees) Benth. & Hook.f. ex B.D.Jacks.
807:(1698–1763). They are closely related to
1924:
1922:
1857:
1725:
216:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1486:(Lindau) E.C.O.Chagas & Costa-Lima
1930:RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants
7:
2249:205b7301-e588-4d40-980b-764cd4025cfb
14:
2288:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:326849-2
1966:
1822:
1799:
1779:
1760:
1728:
53:
1316:(Lindau) Wassh. & C.Ezcurra
1276:(Lindau) Wassh. & C.Ezcurra
1994:African plants – a Photo Guide
1166:(Rizzini) Wassh. & L.B.Sm.
1:
2463:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:598-1
1216:Vollesen, Cheek & Ghogue
2522:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1046:(Nees) Benth. & Hook.f.
922:Justicia austroguangxiensis
2538:
1905:. CRC Press. p. 381.
1899:Austin, Daniel F. (2004).
1878:Plants of the World Online
848:
902:Justicia andrographioides
209:
202:
188:
183:
50:Scientific classification
48:
39:
30:
23:
16:Genus of flowering plants
1680:Rostellularia procumbens
1382:Justicia riopalenquensis
851:List of Justicia species
787:. Common names include
1652:Justicia austrocapensis
1532:Justicia wilhelminensis
1042:Justicia chrysotrichoma
1626:Dianthera angustifolia
1346:(Brandegee) D.N.Gibson
1232:Justicia magdalenensis
1132:Justicia genistiformis
1032:Justicia chimalapensis
795:, the latter from the
1952:USDA Plants Profile:
1769:Justicia brandegeeana
1634:Justicia angustifolia
1542:Justicia xylosteoides
1412:Justicia sarothroides
1286:(Lindau) V.A.W.Graham
1192:Justicia lamprophylla
1162:Justicia hatschbachii
1066:Monach. & Leonard
1052:Justicia clausseniana
1012:Justicia cardiophylla
1002:Justicia camerunensis
942:Justicia brandegeeana
1977:at Wikimedia Commons
1601:Formerly placed here
1452:Justicia takhinensis
1442:Justicia suarezensis
1352:Justicia pycnophylla
1312:Justicia phyllocalyx
1282:Justicia orbicularis
1212:Justicia leucoxiphus
982:Justicia californica
962:Justicia bridsoniana
946:Wassh. & L.B.Sm.
1902:Florida Ethnobotany
1808:Justicia procumbens
1688:Justicia procumbens
1608:Dianthera americana
1476:(Nees) V.A.W.Graham
1462:Justicia tobagensis
1292:Justicia petiolaris
1252:Justicia nodicaulis
1202:Justicia lanstyakii
1122:Justicia gendarussa
1112:Justicia galapagana
1102:Justicia floribunda
1092:Justicia flaviflora
1016:D.Fang & H.S.Lo
992:Justicia calliantha
986:(Benth.) D.N.Gibson
972:Justicia burchellii
952:Justicia breedlovei
932:Justicia bitarkarae
926:H.S.Lo & D.Fang
799:, which resemble a
2517:Acanthaceae genera
1737:Justicia trinervia
1616:Justicia americana
1567:Beloperone guttata
1552:Justicia zarucchii
1522:Justicia warnockii
1512:Justicia warmingii
1472:Justicia tocantina
1432:Justicia spicigera
1322:Justicia pilosella
1152:Justicia harlingii
1116:Lindau ex B.L.Rob.
1006:(Heine) I.Darbysh.
882:Justicia alexandri
681:Linden & André
304:(C.B.Clarke) Ridl.
178:(1753), nom. cons.
2499:
2498:
2257:Open Tree of Life
2008:Taxon identifiers
1971:Media related to
1912:978-0-8493-2332-4
1830:Justicia coccinea
1746:Chittoor District
1706:
1692:
1670:Justicia betonica
1662:Nicoteba betonica
1656:
1644:Dianthera incerta
1631:
1620:
1557:
1547:
1537:
1517:
1507:
1497:
1477:
1467:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1427:
1417:
1407:
1397:
1387:
1377:
1367:
1357:
1347:
1342:Justicia purpusii
1337:
1317:
1307:
1297:
1287:
1277:
1267:
1257:
1247:
1237:
1227:
1217:
1207:
1197:
1187:
1177:
1172:Justicia ianthina
1167:
1137:
1127:
1117:
1107:
1097:
1087:
1082:Justicia daidalea
1067:
1057:
1047:
1037:
1027:
1017:
1007:
997:
987:
977:
947:
937:
927:
917:
907:
887:
877:
872:Justicia aequalis
867:
862:Justicia adhatoda
837:L., they are not
747:
746:
738:
730:
722:
714:
706:
698:
690:
682:
673:
665:
657:
649:
641:
633:
625:
624:Scheidw. ex Hook.
617:
609:
601:
593:
585:
577:
569:
561:
553:
545:
537:
529:
521:
513:
505:
497:
489:
481:
473:
465:
457:
449:
441:
433:
425:
417:
409:
401:
393:
385:
377:
369:
361:
353:
345:
337:
329:
321:
313:
305:
297:
289:
281:
273:
265:
257:
249:
241:
233:
225:
179:
2529:
2512:Justicia (plant)
2492:
2491:
2479:
2478:
2466:
2465:
2453:
2452:
2440:
2439:
2427:
2426:
2414:
2413:
2401:
2400:
2388:
2387:
2375:
2374:
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2364:
2363:
2337:
2336:
2324:
2323:
2314:
2313:
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2303:
2291:
2290:
2278:
2277:
2265:
2264:
2252:
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2241:
2229:
2228:
2216:
2215:
2203:
2202:
2190:
2189:
2177:
2176:
2164:
2163:
2151:
2150:
2138:
2137:
2125:
2124:
2112:
2111:
2099:
2098:
2086:
2085:
2073:
2072:
2060:
2059:
2050:
2049:
2048:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2003:
1998:
1970:
1944:
1943:
1926:
1917:
1916:
1896:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1867:
1826:
1803:
1793:Hyderabad, India
1783:
1773:Texas Gulf Coast
1764:
1732:
1713:
1704:
1699:
1690:
1685:
1674:
1667:
1654:
1649:
1638:
1629:
1618:
1613:
1579:Jacobinia carnea
1555:
1545:
1535:
1527:
1515:
1505:
1502:Justicia venalis
1495:
1487:
1482:Justicia triloba
1475:
1465:
1455:
1445:
1435:
1425:
1422:Justicia serrana
1415:
1405:
1395:
1392:Justicia riparia
1385:
1375:
1372:Justicia riojana
1365:
1355:
1345:
1335:
1327:
1315:
1305:
1302:Justicia petraea
1295:
1285:
1275:
1272:Justicia oncodes
1265:
1262:Justicia nuriana
1255:
1246:(Lindau) Profice
1245:
1242:Justicia nervata
1235:
1225:
1215:
1205:
1195:
1185:
1182:Justicia irwinii
1175:
1165:
1157:
1147:
1135:
1125:
1115:
1105:
1096:(Turrill) Wassh.
1095:
1085:
1077:
1072:Justicia cuneata
1065:
1062:Justicia cooleyi
1055:
1045:
1035:
1025:
1015:
1005:
995:
985:
975:
967:
957:
945:
935:
925:
915:
905:
897:
885:
875:
865:
845:Selected species
827:perennial plants
760:flowering plants
736:
728:
720:
712:
704:
696:
688:
680:
671:
663:
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263:
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174:
58:
57:
35:
21:
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2530:
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2527:
2526:
2502:
2501:
2500:
2495:
2487:
2482:
2474:
2469:
2461:
2456:
2448:
2443:
2435:
2430:
2422:
2417:
2409:
2404:
2396:
2391:
2383:
2378:
2370:
2368:
2359:
2358:
2353:
2340:
2332:
2327:
2319:
2317:
2309:
2307:
2299:
2294:
2286:
2281:
2273:
2268:
2260:
2255:
2247:
2245:
2237:
2232:
2224:
2219:
2211:
2206:
2198:
2193:
2185:
2180:
2172:
2167:
2159:
2154:
2146:
2141:
2133:
2128:
2120:
2115:
2107:
2102:
2094:
2089:
2081:
2076:
2068:
2063:
2055:
2053:
2044:
2043:
2038:
2029:
2028:
2023:
2010:
1982:
1963:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1913:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1883:
1881:
1869:
1868:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1844:
1827:
1818:
1804:
1795:
1788:Justicia glauca
1784:
1775:
1765:
1756:
1733:
1721:
1711:
1697:
1683:
1672:
1665:
1647:
1636:
1611:
1603:
1589:, and northern
1563:J. brandegeeana
1560:
1525:
1485:
1362:Justicia rigida
1332:Justicia polita
1326:(Nees) Hilsenb.
1325:
1222:Justicia longii
1156:(Wassh.) Wassh.
1155:
1145:
1142:Justicia glauca
1106:(K.Koch) Wassh.
1075:
1022:Justicia carnea
965:
955:
895:
892:Justicia alpina
853:
847:
819:
743:
421:Dyspemptemorion
341:Chaetothylopsis
215:
214:
173:
52:
42:Justicia carnea
17:
12:
11:
5:
2535:
2533:
2525:
2524:
2519:
2514:
2504:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2489:wfo-4000015477
2480:
2467:
2454:
2441:
2428:
2415:
2402:
2389:
2376:
2366:
2350:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2338:
2334:wfo-4000019746
2325:
2315:
2305:
2292:
2279:
2266:
2253:
2243:
2230:
2217:
2204:
2191:
2178:
2165:
2152:
2139:
2126:
2113:
2100:
2087:
2074:
2061:
2051:
2036:
2020:
2018:
2012:
2011:
2006:
2000:
1999:
1980:
1978:
1962:
1961:External links
1959:
1958:
1957:
1946:
1945:
1939:978-1405332965
1938:
1918:
1911:
1891:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1850:
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1819:
1805:
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1750:Andhra Pradesh
1734:
1727:
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1715:
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1658:
1640:
1622:
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1508:
1498:
1488:
1478:
1468:
1458:
1448:
1438:
1428:
1418:
1408:
1402:Justicia romba
1398:
1388:
1378:
1368:
1358:
1348:
1338:
1336:(Nees) Profice
1328:
1318:
1308:
1298:
1288:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1256:(Nees) Leonard
1248:
1238:
1228:
1218:
1208:
1198:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1158:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1056:(Nees) Profice
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
998:
988:
978:
968:
958:
948:
938:
928:
918:
912:Justicia aurea
908:
898:
888:
878:
868:
857:
849:Main article:
846:
843:
818:
815:
797:inflorescences
784:Anartia fatima
745:
744:
742:
741:
740:
739:
731:
723:
718:Thamnojusticia
715:
707:
699:
691:
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458:
450:
442:
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432:Riv. ex Kuntze
426:
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402:
394:
386:
378:
373:Cyrtantherella
370:
362:
354:
346:
338:
330:
322:
314:
309:Calymmostachya
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274:
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226:
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206:
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190:Over 900, see
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46:
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37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
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4:
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2140:
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2131:
2127:
2123:
2118:
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2110:
2105:
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653:Salviacanthus
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80:Tracheophytes
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2015:
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1882:. Retrieved
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835:J. americana
834:
820:
810:Pachystachys
808:
793:shrimp plant
792:
789:water-willow
788:
782:
750:
749:
748:
733:
725:
717:
709:
701:
693:
685:
677:
668:
661:Sarojusticia
660:
652:
644:
637:Rhyticalymma
636:
628:
621:Porphyrocoma
620:
612:
605:Petalanthera
604:
597:Pelecostemon
596:
588:
580:
572:
564:
556:
549:Lophothecium
548:
540:
533:Leptostachya
532:
524:
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501:Heteraspidia
500:
493:Hemichoriste
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333:Chaetothylax
332:
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293:Calliaspidia
292:
284:
276:
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261:Aulojusticia
260:
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169:
168:
149:Acanthoideae
112:
99:
86:
73:
40:
24:
18:
2182:iNaturalist
2040:Wikispecies
1744:Forest, in
1702:J. japonica
1695:J. hirtella
1666:(L.) Lindau
936:Gómez-Laur.
817:Description
767:Acanthaceae
678:Sericobonia
589:Orthotactus
573:Megalostoma
461:Glosarithys
365:Cyrtanthera
349:Chiloglossa
253:Athlianthus
145:Subfamily:
139:Acanthaceae
93:Angiosperms
2506:Categories
2346:Gendarussa
1852:References
1834:El Crucero
1655:T.F.Daniel
1577:(formerly
1565:(formerly
1526:B.L.Turner
1496:C.B.Clarke
1236:J.R.I.Wood
1036:T.F.Daniel
956:T.F.Daniel
906:C.B.Clarke
726:Tyloglossa
710:Thalestris
453:Gendarussa
397:Drejerella
381:Digyroloma
269:Beloperone
159:Justicieae
2361:Q18232324
1873:Justicia
1842:Nicaragua
1684:(L.) Nees
1648:Brandegee
1619:(L.) Vahl
1591:Argentina
1575:J. carnea
823:evergreen
821:They are
779:temperate
734:Vada-kodi
694:Simonisia
669:Sarotheca
581:Neohallia
565:Mananthes
557:Lustrinia
517:Jacobinia
512:M.E.Jones
485:Heinzelia
477:Harnieria
413:Duvernoya
405:Duvernoia
63:Kingdom:
2476:40013339
2471:Tropicos
2355:Wikidata
2318:VASCAN:
2301:40034127
2296:Tropicos
2200:326849-2
2135:Justicia
2046:Justicia
2031:Q2046390
2025:Wikidata
2016:Justicia
1987:Justicia
1974:Justicia
1954:Justicia
1884:14 March
1742:Talakona
1709:J. media
1587:Paraguay
1436:Schltdl.
1426:Kameyama
1396:Kameyama
1226:Hilsenb.
966:Vollesen
916:Schltdl.
777:to warm
775:tropical
751:Justicia
645:Roslinia
525:Kuestera
509:Ixtlania
469:Gromovia
437:Emularia
429:Ecbolium
389:Dimanisa
357:Cyphisia
245:Adhatoda
204:Synonyms
194:Justicia
192:list of
184:Species
170:Justicia
135:Family:
129:Lamiales
119:Asterids
106:Eudicots
25:Justicia
2450:1074085
2411:7263643
2311:4894955
2213:1028395
2161:2904597
1838:Managua
1814:simplex
1719:Gallery
1546:Griseb.
1506:Benoist
1446:Benoist
1406:Benoist
1366:Balf.f.
1306:Leonard
1206:Rizzini
1196:Leonard
1146:Rottler
1126:Burm.f.
1086:Leonard
996:Leonard
876:Benoist
762:in the
729:Hochst.
721:Mildbr.
713:Rizzini
664:Bremek.
640:Bremek.
632:Rizzini
629:Pupilla
616:Bremek.
600:Leonard
576:Leonard
568:Bremek.
552:Rizzini
541:Libonia
504:Rizzini
464:Rizzini
445:Ethesia
424:Bremek.
360:Rizzini
312:Bremek.
296:Bremek.
237:Adeloda
229:Adatoda
224:Rizzini
221:Acelica
196:species
165:Genus:
155:Tribe:
125:Order:
67:Plantae
2398:113399
2385:190443
2372:190925
2369:APDB:
2308:uBio:
2270:PLANTS
2262:659743
2246:NZOR:
2148:116893
2122:116893
2057:191766
2054:APDB:
1936:
1909:
1707:, and
1705:Thunb.
1583:Brazil
1571:Mexico
1556:Wassh.
1536:Wassh.
1456:R.Atk.
1416:Lindau
1386:Wassh.
1376:Lindau
1356:Lindau
1296:E.Mey.
1266:Wassh.
1186:Wassh.
1176:Wassh.
1026:Lindl.
896:Lindau
886:R.Atk.
831:shrubs
801:shrimp
771:native
764:family
737:Adans.
705:Oerst.
656:Lindau
584:Hemsl.
544:K.Koch
520:Moric.
416:E.Mey.
400:Lindau
384:Turcz.
376:Oerst.
352:Oerst.
344:Oerst.
328:Lindau
317:Carima
285:Bentia
280:Oerst.
264:Lindau
2445:IRMNG
2437:598-1
2424:14629
2275:JUSTI
2226:34351
2208:IRMNG
2187:50152
2130:FoAO2
2109:1IUIG
2096:37344
2070:57014
1811:var.
1754:India
1712:R.Br.
1698:Wall.
1516:Hiern
976:Hiern
839:hardy
756:genus
754:is a
648:Neck.
528:Regel
480:Solms
472:Regel
288:Rolfe
256:Endl.
248:Mill.
113:Clade
100:Clade
87:Clade
74:Clade
2458:POWO
2432:IPNI
2419:GRIN
2406:GBIF
2380:APNI
2321:1300
2283:POWO
2239:4190
2234:NCBI
2221:ITIS
2195:IPNI
2174:6233
2169:GRIN
2156:GBIF
2104:EPPO
2083:572G
2065:APNI
1934:ISBN
1907:ISBN
1886:2024
1686:(as
1668:(as
1650:(as
1632:(as
1614:(as
1136:Nees
1076:Vahl
829:and
791:and
697:Nees
689:Nees
672:Nees
608:Raf.
592:Nees
560:Raf.
536:Nees
496:Nees
488:Nees
456:Nees
448:Raf.
440:Raf.
408:Nees
392:Raf.
368:Nees
336:Nees
320:Raf.
272:Nees
240:Raf.
232:Raf.
213:List
2484:WFO
2393:FNA
2329:WFO
2143:FoC
2117:FNA
2091:EoL
2078:CoL
1875:L."
1832:in
1791:in
1748:of
1740:in
773:to
758:of
2508::
2486::
2473::
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2447::
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2197::
2184::
2171::
2158::
2145::
2132::
2119::
2106::
2093::
2080::
2067::
2042::
2027::
1991:.
1921:^
1860:^
1840:,
1836:,
1752:,
1700:,
1693:,
1691:L.
1673:L.
1612:L.
1585:,
866:L.
825:,
813:.
676:×
176:L.
115::
102::
89::
76::
1989:"
1985:"
1942:.
1915:.
1888:.
1871:"
1714:)
1675:)
1657:)
1639:)
1621:)
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