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158:. In December 1839, Kirker was given a contract by the government of Chihuahua to fight Apaches. He was authorized to raise 200 men and would be paid for Apache prisoners. The core group of his force was about 25 men, called "Sahuanos" (Shawnees) which included Anglos, Mexicans, escaped Black slaves and
173:
Kirker's first operation in 1840 was to kill 10 Apache men and take 20 women and children prisoners from a group that had begun peace negotiations with
Mexican authorities. He continued to have some successes killing and capturing Apache, but Apache raids increased in 1841 rather than decreased.
178:, Chihuahua. Kirker claimed that he had followed the trail of stolen livestock to the Apache encampment. However, the bankrupt Chihuahua government could not afford to continue paying Kirker and offered him instead a commission as Colonel in the
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Kirker had become familiar and friendly with the Apache during his years of work and travel. He sold arms and ammunition to them and was alleged to have accompanied Apache bands on livestock raids into Mexico. Beginning in 1831,
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87:. He was a privateer for a year, but returned to New York in 1813 and married Catherine Donigan and had a son, James B. Kirker. In 1817, Kirker abandoned his family to go to
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Kirker is described as a "large, agile man," fearless, an excellent marksman and horseman. He was considered during his lifetime as having "great enterprise and vision."
134:, he married Rita Garcia and in 1835 he became a Mexican citizen. The couple had three sons and a daughter. He became known in Mexico as Santiago Querque or Quirque.
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Often called "Skybuck" but
Spybuck is more likely given that a well-known Shawnee family is named Spybuck. "James Kirker, the King of New Mexico"
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inflaming public opinion against Anglo-Americans, Kirker fled Mexico. He was declared an enemy of the state with a 10,000 peso price on his head.
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are named after him, with controversy arising by 2022 about using his names after the slaughter he committed. He died in 1852.
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Kirker was reemployed in 1846 and he and local
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Utmost Good Faith: Patterns of Apache-Mexican
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It is difficult to untangle fact from folklore in the details of Kirker's life.
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21:(1793–1852) was an Irish-born American privateer, soldier, mercenary, merchant,
383:
Mero, William E., "Myths, Legends, and Facts, the final days of James Kirker,"
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371:"The Washington Football Team rebranded. California's Kirker Pass should, too"
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U.S. Geological Survey
Geographic Names Information System: Kirker Creek
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436:"Borderlander: the life of James Kirker, 1793-1852" By Ralph Adam Smith
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U.S. Geological Survey
Geographic Names Information System: Kirker Pass
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Borderlander: the life of James Kirker 1793-1852 By Ralph Adam Smith,
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Indians, including his second in command, a
Shawnee named Spybuck.
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with several kinsmen. In St. Louis, Kirker worked as a merchant.
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The Scalp
Business on the Border 1837–1850, By Ray Brandes, 1962
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75:, United States, at the age of 16 to avoid conscription in the
47:
James Kirker (signed Don
Santiago at bottom of photo) 1847, by
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and spent winters during the next decade trapping and trading
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182:. Kirker turned down the offer. In ill repute and with the
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American military personnel of the
Mexican–American War
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126:in 1826 and escorted wagon trains of copper to
29:. He is best known for his contracts with the
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2132:Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law
2759:List of ships attacked by Somali pirates
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206:. In 1849, he guided a wagon trail of "
420:Savage Scene by William C. McGaw, 1972
33:government to enslave, kill and scalp
2897:Military personnel from County Antrim
2882:19th-century Irish military personnel
1918:Capture of John "Calico Jack" Rackham
7:
2922:Irish emigrants to the United States
2660:International Talk Like a Pirate Day
414:, 1999, University of Oklahoma Press
2892:19th-century Mexican businesspeople
2942:People of the California Gold Rush
2917:American people of the War of 1812
14:
2550:Silver: Return to Treasure Island
313:Albuquerque: U of NM Press, p. 58
293:Smith, Ralph A. "Kirker, James."
2846:
2845:
2833:
2686:A General History of the Pyrates
2508:Castaways of the Flying Dutchman
2029:Operation Enduring Freedom – HOA
214:. He settled with his family in
132:without divorcing his first wife
2937:People of the American Old West
2887:19th-century American merchants
98:fur trapping expedition up the
81:East Coast of the United States
2044:Operation Dawn 8: Gulf of Aden
2039:Operation Dawn of Gulf of Aden
1792:Anti-piracy in the West Indies
1:
1900:Blockade of Charleston (Vane)
2902:American emigrants to Mexico
2473:The Pilot: A Tale of the Sea
1723:Pirate battles and incidents
194:Kirker was employed by Col.
1872:Battle of the Tiger's Mouth
1355:Rahmah ibn Jabir al-Jalhami
252:Journal of American History
102:. In 1824, he followed the
2973:
2749:Pirate films and TV series
2189:African Slave Trade Patrol
1757:Action of 11 November 2008
546:Barbary pirates (corsairs)
196:Alexander William Doniphan
118:. He began working at the
67:, Northern Ireland, to an
2927:Irish emigrants to Mexico
2827:
2238:Trans-Saharan slave trade
1837:Battle off Minicoy Island
1812:Battle of Cape Fear River
1782:Anti-piracy in the Aegean
1752:Action of 28 October 2007
1747:Action of 9 November 1822
246:Kiser, William S (2023).
94:In 1822, Kirker joined a
2233:Indian Ocean slave trade
2122:International piracy law
2059:Pirate attacks in Borneo
1931:Capture of the schooner
1923:Capture of the schooner
1857:Battle of Ocracoke Inlet
1583:Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
338:pp. 58–61, 119, 171–172,
295:Handbook of Texas Online
2692:Captain Charles Johnson
2116:1717–1718 Acts of Grace
1827:Battle of Mandab Strait
1807:Battle of Boca Teacapan
1802:Balanguingui Expedition
1767:Action of 23 March 2010
389:20 October 2020 at the
124:Silver City, New Mexico
2049:Operation Ocean Shield
1877:Battle of Tonkin River
1822:Battle of Doro Passage
1777:Action of 5 April 2010
1772:Action of 1 April 2010
1762:Action of 9 April 2009
1742:1985 Lahad Datu ambush
1732:
1568:Jose Campuzano-Polanco
1553:Duarte Pacheco Pereira
700:British Virgin Islands
393:,. accessed 3 Jun 2019
325:, accessed 13 Jul 2012
264:10.1093/jahist/jaad095
114:pelts in the southern
51:
49:Thomas Martin Easterly
2665:Pirates versus Ninjas
2092:Slave raid of SuĂ°uroy
2054:Persian Gulf Campaign
1939:Capture of the sloop
1867:Battle of the Leotung
1852:Battle of New Orleans
1731:
1593:Richard Avery Hornsby
1345:Piet Pieterszoon Hein
1305:Moses Cohen Henriques
1275:Manuel Ribeiro Pardal
1020:Christina Anna Skytte
558:Brethren of the Coast
541:Baltic Slavic pirates
488:Ancient Mediterranean
71:family, but left for
46:
2907:American fur traders
2587:skull and crossbones
2543:Mistress of the Seas
2225:Capture of the brig
2202:Atlantic slave trade
1963:Falklands Expedition
1817:Battle of Cape Lopez
1737:1582 Cagayan battles
1664:Queen Anne's Revenge
1215:José Joaquim Almeida
1200:John Newland Maffitt
1120:Hayreddin Barbarossa
960:Bartolomeu PortuguĂŞs
950:Artemisia I of Caria
945:Alexandre Exquemelin
783:Baltic Slavic piracy
536:Anglo-Turkish piracy
309:Griffen, William B.
300:accessed 16 Jul 2012
200:Mexican–American War
184:Mexican–American War
96:William Henry Ashley
2957:People from Killead
2952:Ulster Scots people
2947:American privateers
2604:No purchase, no pay
2572:Davy Jones's locker
2515:The Angel's Command
2359:Guybrush Threepwood
2207:Barbary slave trade
2184:African slave trade
1981:Jiajing wokou raids
1882:Battle of Ty-ho Bay
1105:François l'Olonnais
965:Bartholomew Roberts
853:Republic of Pirates
431:xroads.virginia.edu
216:Contra Costa county
130:, Mexico. In 1833,
89:St. Louis, Missouri
59:Kirker was born in
2764:Timeline of piracy
2721:Piracy kidnappings
2374:Jacquotte Delahaye
2329:Charlotte de Berry
2319:Captain Sabertooth
2212:Blockade of Africa
2167:Piracy Law of 1820
2097:Turkish Abductions
2034:Operation Atalanta
1968:Great Lakes Patrol
1847:Battle of Nam Quan
1797:Attack on Veracruz
1733:
1315:Nicholas van Hoorn
1300:Michel de Grammont
1165:Jacquotte Delahaye
1150:Hippolyte Bouchard
1070:Elise Eskilsdotter
1010:Charlotte de Berry
975:Benjamin Hornigold
373:. 5 February 2022.
52:
2859:
2858:
2840:Piracy portal
2823:
2822:
2800:Fictional pirates
2699:Truce of Ratisbon
2673:
2672:
2634:Walking the plank
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2261:Fictional pirates
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2014:Moscow University
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1787:Antelope incident
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1616:
1615:
1325:Olivier Levasseur
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1100:François Le Clerc
935:Anne Dieu-le-Veut
881:
880:
798:South China Coast
762:Strait of Malacca
336:Utmost Good Faith
2964:
2849:
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2838:
2837:
2836:
2734:
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2529:Long John Silver
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2389:Long John Silver
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2257:
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1075:Eustace the Monk
940:AntĂłnio de Faria
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858:Republic of Salé
828:ĂŽle Sainte-Marie
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660:Victual Brothers
568:Cilician pirates
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2769:Women in piracy
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2567:Buried treasure
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2487:Facing the Flag
2480:Treasure Island
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2399:Vaas Montenegro
2394:Monkey D. Luffy
2364:Hector Barbossa
2349:Elizabeth Swann
2314:Captain Pugwash
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2217:Capture of the
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1910:Capture of the
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1650:Flying Dutchman
1612:
1578:Miguel EnrĂquez
1530:
1524:
1490:William Dampier
1445:Simon Mascarino
1440:Shirahama Kenki
1420:Samuel Pallache
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1295:Mary Wolverston
1270:Mansel Alcantra
1245:Lawrence Prince
925:Albert W. Hicks
877:
815:
807:
771:
728:
674:
670:Women in piracy
635:Sindhi corsairs
588:French corsairs
578:Cossack pirates
531:Albanian piracy
524:Types of pirate
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391:Wayback Machine
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2932:Mountain men
2831:
2704:Pirate Round
2684:
2655:Space pirate
2629:Treasure map
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2419:Roronoa Zoro
2369:Jack Sparrow
2309:Captain Nemo
2304:Captain Hook
2226:
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1995:
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1956:Dai Hong Dan
1955:
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1657:Ganj-i-Sawai
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1621:Pirate ships
1573:Luis Fajardo
1558:James Brooke
1548:David Porter
1520:Zheng Yi Sao
1495:William Kidd
1450:Stede Bonnet
1435:Shap-ng-tsai
1415:Samuel Mason
1335:Peter Easton
1285:Mary Lindsey
1235:Lai Choi San
1225:Joseph Barss
1220:Joseph Baker
1190:John Hawkins
1185:Johanna HĂĄrd
1175:Jean Lafitte
1170:Jan Janszoon
1160:Israel Hands
1140:Henry Morgan
1130:Henri Caesar
1045:Dirk Chivers
980:Black Caesar
905:Abshir Boyah
776:Other waters
757:Persian Gulf
745:Somali Coast
733:Indian Ocean
705:Spanish Main
620:River pirate
598:Moro pirates
573:Child pirate
498:21st century
379:
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258:(1): 15–39.
255:
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228:
220:Kirker Creek
208:Forty-Niners
193:
190:After Mexico
180:Mexican Army
172:
148:Apache raids
144:
136:
93:
69:Ulster Scots
58:
27:scalp hunter
23:Mountain man
19:James Kirker
18:
17:
15:
2877:1852 deaths
2872:1793 births
2619:Pirate code
2594:Keelhauling
2582:Jolly Roger
2444:Will Turner
2379:José Gaspar
2279:Barbe Rouge
2176:Slave trade
1430:Sister Ping
1360:Rachel Wall
1155:Huang Bamei
1135:Henry Every
1090:FĹ«ma KotarĹŤ
1085:Flying Gang
1000:Calico Jack
990:Bully Hayes
793:Falcon Lake
767:Nosy Boraha
625:Sea Beggars
613:Confederate
583:Filibusters
224:Kirker Pass
85:War of 1812
2866:Categories
2778:Categories
2754:Privateers
2716:Matelotage
2650:Air pirate
2614:Pet parrot
2466:The Pirate
2414:Nico Robin
2334:Davy Jones
2274:Tom Ayrton
2248:Pirates in
2137:Piracy Act
2106:Piracy law
2022:North Star
1685:My Revenge
1538:Angelo Emo
1500:Zheng Jing
1465:Thomas Tew
1260:Lo Hon-cho
1080:Flora Burn
1060:Edward Low
1030:Dan Seavey
1025:Chui A-poo
985:Blackbeard
930:Anne Bonny
868:Saint-Malo
848:Port Royal
833:Libertatia
645:Ushkuyniks
608:Privateers
603:Narentines
563:Buccaneers
493:Golden Age
401:References
212:California
108:New Mexico
77:Royal Navy
55:Early life
2599:Marooning
2227:Brillante
2016:hijacking
2007:hijacking
1998:hijacking
1989:hijacking
1290:Mary Read
1195:John Hoar
1065:Eli Boggs
1035:Diabolito
816:and bases
752:Indonesia
717:Venezuela
695:Caribbean
334:Griffen,
272:0021-8723
233:Footnotes
152:Chihuahua
141:Mercenary
128:Chihuahua
2851:Category
2577:Eyepatch
2449:Zanzibar
2424:Sandokan
2404:Mr. Smee
2269:Askeladd
2197:Incident
2067:incident
1976:incident
1958:incident
1950:incident
1895:incident
1510:Zheng Yi
1505:Zheng Qi
1485:Wang Zhi
1365:Redbeard
1255:Limahong
1205:John Pro
1110:Gan Ning
995:Cai Qian
803:Sulu Sea
630:Sea Dogs
387:Archived
164:Delaware
2815:Pirates
2744:Pirates
2252:culture
2250:popular
2195:Amistad
1996:Zafirah
1699:Saladin
1531:hunters
1320:Ng Akew
920:Alfhild
893:Pirates
873:Tortuga
655:Vikings
551:Algiers
480:Periods
176:Galeana
160:Shawnee
83:in the
61:Killead
38:Indians
31:Mexican
2805:Piracy
2711:Mutiny
2609:Pegleg
2560:Tropes
2458:Novels
2354:Franky
2024:affair
1588:Pompey
1529:Pirate
1470:Veborg
955:Awilda
843:Mamora
650:Uskoks
472:Piracy
410:
270:
166:, and
156:Sonora
112:beaver
35:Apache
25:, and
2737:Lists
2439:Usopp
2429:Sanji
2065:Quest
1974:Irene
1933:Fancy
1925:Bravo
1643:Fancy
1455:Teuta
1395:Rusla
838:Lundy
679:Areas
665:Wokou
210:" to
168:Creek
122:near
2730:Meta
2409:Nami
2161:1850
2157:1837
2153:1721
2149:1717
2145:1698
2141:1536
1941:Anne
1713:York
1040:Dido
513:2024
508:2023
503:2022
408:ISBN
268:ISSN
222:and
154:and
2012:MV
2003:MT
1994:MT
260:doi
256:110
204:Ute
106:to
2868::
2159:,
2155:,
2151:,
2147:,
2143:,
297:,
280:^
266:.
254:.
250:.
162:,
63:,
40:.
2163:)
2139:(
2118:)
2114:(
464:e
457:t
450:v
274:.
262::
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