280:
323:
338:; there were originally here several ponds with islands, which were later connected to form one large body of water, with the islands incorporated into the park mainland. Originally formed within the current of the Jasień between 1825 and 1827 in order to power the local factories, the pond currently serves a recreational function as part of Władysław Reymont Park and is maintained with water from the municipal waterworks rather than the polluted river.
276:’s farm; Księży Młyn (Priest's Mill), the largest of the town's mills in the eighteenth century, which burned down in 1822, later giving its name to one of the districts of the city; as well as Kulom mill, Rokicie mill and Chachuła mill. Of these three, only the mill in the village (now district) of Rokicie survives in the city's landscape, the current building of the steam-powered mill in Cieszyńska street dating back to the late nineteenth century.
29:
291:
in the city's factories, the river ceased to function primarily as a source of water power and became a recipient of waste water. The situation deteriorated throughout the nineteenth and into the twentieth century as the river continued to receive significant amounts of polluted waters. In the 1890s
243:
that played a major role in the city's development as an industrial centre in the early nineteenth century. Sections of the river have been regulated and moved to underground canals, while several ponds remain scattered across the city's parks in what used to be the river's overground corridor. The
318:
on the Jasień river is that in the Księży Młyn district. Historical sources date the existence of the pond back to the early sixteenth century. Enlarged in the early nineteenth century to boost hydropower production, the pond had an area of 5 ha, but by the end of the century its function was only
296:
began in 1925, the city's natural river network, including Jasień, was incorporated within the new underground canal system, and the river valley is now marked in some sections of the city centre only by the landscape retaining some of the original valley slopes, with the stream itself hidden from
305:
in 1989 and after the collapse of the textile industry that the production of waste was reduced by 60%. The contamination levels in the waters of the Jasień have been systematically dropping since then. The current status of the river is that of an engineered stream whose function is to discharge
319:
recreational. The residence of Edward Herbst, Karl
Scheibler's son-in-law, was built on its northern side between 1875 and 1877, and the pond became part of the residential complex. In the 1970s the area of the pond was reduced to 3.46 ha due to the construction of a nearby road.
341:
Other ponds located in the course of the Jasień river can also be found in
Widzewski Park and next to the location of Wójtowski Mill in Park nad Jasieniem. There were also artificial ponds in Juliusz Słowacki park, which have since dried up.
941:
297:
view for more than one third of its course. As the Jasień became part of the city's canal system, its main function became the transfer of both industrial and residential waste water and rainfall outside Łódź towards the
268:, more than on any other stream in the area, due to the fact that the river's gradient was comparable to that of mountain streams. These included the now non-existent Araszt mill in the village of Widzew; Wójtowski mill (
244:
Jasień is 12.7 km (7.9 miles) long, beginning its course in the hills of the Stoki district in the northeast of the city at an elevation of c. 245 metres above sea level, and flowing down towards the
292:
Karl
Scheibler's factory was established directly above the river, which flowed beneath the factory's floor, enabling easy discharge of industrial waste. When the construction of the city's
973:
949:
1118:
992:
301:
river. The twentieth century saw the construction of chemical plants on the Jasień, and the river was used for the disposal of toxic waste. It was only after the
1215:
272:’s Mill), whose medieval foundation has survived to this day beneath the nineteenth-century administrator's house in the grounds of what used to be
163:
897:
967:
944:[Water Quality Changes of the Jasień River as a Result of Deep Drainage of the Łódź-Fabryczna Railway Station Construction Site]
900:[The Localization of the Water Mills in the City of Lodz Area as an Example of Application of the Historic Cartographic Sources]
1163:
1082:"Anthropogenic Transformation and the Possibility of Renaturalising Small Rivers and Their Valleys in Cities – Łódź and Lviv Examples"
1143:
1200:
942:"Zmiany jakości wód łódzkiego Jasienia w wyniku głębokiego odwodnienia terenu w związku z budową dworca kolejowego Łódź Fabryczna"
962:. Monografie Komisji Hydrologicznej PTG (in Polish). Vol. 3. Sosnowiec: Polskie Towarzystwo Geograficzne. pp. 59–73.
256:
Like most other rivers and streams in Łódź, the Jasień was too narrow and shallow to enable water transportation, but its high
306:
rainfall from the area of the city. Only the final section of the Jasień in
Rokicie survives in its natural, meandering form.
283:
The Jasień is a regulated river throughout most of its course, the river flowing both underground and in overground canals
88:
1081:
1035:
1210:
504:
898:"Rozmieszczenie młynów wodnych na obszarze Łodzi w świetle wykorzystanych historycznych źródeł kartograficznych"
279:
322:
273:
1205:
921:
1119:"A Small River Within the Urban Space: The Evolution of the Relationship Using the Example of Łódź"
1060:
1008:
331:
1068:
1016:
963:
913:
302:
1133:
1096:
1050:
269:
257:
236:
1194:
335:
866:
375:
240:
74:
288:
28:
995:[Past Industrial Traces of the Jasień River in the Tourism Space of Łódź]
265:
134:
261:
223:
1138:
1072:
1064:
1020:
1012:
917:
178:
165:
103:
90:
1101:
1055:
993:"Ślady industrialnej przeszłości Jasienia w przestrzeni turystycznej Łodzi"
1036:"Past Industrial Traces of the Jasień River in the Tourism Space of Łódź"
293:
260:
and significant flow rates made it amenable to being used as a source of
44:
912:. Warszawa: Instytut Historii Nauki Polskiej Akademii Nauk: 11–40.
321:
278:
215:
1032:
A shortened, English translation of the article was published as
951:
Nowoczesne metody i rozwiązania w gospodarce i hydrologii wodnej
315:
264:. A number of mills were built on the river already in the late
219:
948:. In Absalon, Damian; Matysik, Magdalena; Ruman, Marek (eds.).
370:
298:
245:
211:
149:
956:
Novel
Methods and Solutions in Hydrology and Water Management
330:
Another pond is located near the city's main thoroughfare,
1166:[Bodies of Water in the Historical Parks of Łódź]
507:[Sensational Archaeological Discovery in Łódź].
326:
A pond on the Jasień river in Władysław
Reymont Park
207:
202:
194:
155:
143:
133:
119:
80:
67:
59:
50:
40:
35:
21:
1034:Jędruszkiewicz, Joanna; Moniewski, Piotr (2015).
991:Jędruszkiewicz, Joanna; Moniewski, Piotr (2015).
287:Starting with the late 1830s, with the advent of
239:is a river flowing through the Polish city of
8:
505:"Sensacyjne odkrycie archeologiczne w Łodzi"
1164:"Układy wodne w zabytkowych parkach Łodzi"
1137:
1100:
1054:
873:(in Polish). Łódź Waterworks and Sewerage
940:Bartnik, Adam; Moniewski, Piotr (2015).
896:Bartnik, Adam; Bartnik, Dorota (2017).
387:
18:
7:
1172:Czasopismo Techniczne. Architektura
1089:European Spatial Research and Policy
871:Zakład Wodociągów i Kanalizacji Łódź
503:Pierzchała, Wiesław (8 July 2011).
350:Jasień has three main tributaries:
14:
842:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
818:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
806:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
794:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
782:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
746:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
662:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
602:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
566:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
542:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
530:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
479:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
407:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
395:Jędruszkiewicz and Moniewski 2015
334:, and adjacent to Ludwig Geyer's
235:
27:
248:river valley in the southwest.
157: • coordinates
82: • coordinates
1:
1162:Wycichowska, Barbara (2012).
51:Physical characteristics
121: • elevation
145: • location
69: • location
1232:
1216:Rivers of Łódź Voivodeship
1117:Kobojek, Elżbieta (2017).
1080:Kobojek, Elżbieta (2015).
734:Bartnik and Moniewski 2015
710:Bartnik and Moniewski 2015
698:Bartnik and Moniewski 2015
638:Bartnik and Moniewski 2015
455:Bartnik and Moniewski 2015
129:
55:
26:
1201:Tributaries of the Warta
1139:10.18778/1733-3180.19.01
614:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
590:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
578:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
554:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
491:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
467:Bartnik and Bartnik 2017
841:
817:
805:
793:
781:
757:
745:
733:
721:
709:
697:
685:
673:
661:
649:
637:
625:
613:
601:
589:
577:
565:
553:
541:
529:
490:
478:
466:
454:
442:
430:
418:
406:
394:
1102:10.1515/esrp-2015-0016
1056:10.1515/tour-2015-0004
906:Z dziejów kartografii
853:
829:
769:
327:
284:
1126:Space-Society-Economy
325:
282:
927:on 27 September 2021
314:The largest of the
203:Basin features
198:12.7 km (7.9 miles)
179:51.7138°N 19.4129°E
175: /
104:51.7742°N 19.5265°E
100: /
332:Piotrkowska Street
328:
285:
969:978-83-61695-26-4
511:(in Polish). Łódź
303:fall of communism
229:
228:
1223:
1211:Rivers of Poland
1187:
1185:
1183:
1169:
1158:
1156:
1154:
1149:on 3 August 2020
1148:
1142:. Archived from
1141:
1123:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1104:
1086:
1076:
1058:
1040:
1031:
1029:
1027:
998:
987:
985:
984:
978:
972:. Archived from
961:
947:
936:
934:
932:
926:
920:. Archived from
903:
883:
882:
880:
878:
863:
857:
854:Wycichowska 2012
851:
845:
839:
833:
830:Wycichowska 2012
827:
821:
815:
809:
803:
797:
791:
785:
779:
773:
770:Wycichowska 2012
767:
761:
755:
749:
743:
737:
731:
725:
719:
713:
707:
701:
695:
689:
683:
677:
671:
665:
659:
653:
647:
641:
635:
629:
623:
617:
611:
605:
599:
593:
587:
581:
575:
569:
563:
557:
551:
545:
539:
533:
527:
521:
520:
518:
516:
500:
494:
488:
482:
476:
470:
464:
458:
452:
446:
440:
434:
428:
422:
416:
410:
404:
398:
392:
238:
190:
189:
187:
186:
185:
184:51.7138; 19.4129
180:
176:
173:
172:
171:
168:
125:245 m (804 feet)
122:
115:
114:
112:
111:
110:
109:51.7742; 19.5265
105:
101:
98:
97:
96:
93:
83:
73:Stoki district,
70:
31:
19:
1231:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1224:
1222:
1221:
1220:
1191:
1190:
1181:
1179:
1167:
1161:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1121:
1116:
1107:
1105:
1084:
1079:
1038:
1033:
1025:
1023:
996:
990:
982:
980:
976:
970:
959:
945:
939:
930:
928:
924:
901:
895:
892:
887:
886:
876:
874:
865:
864:
860:
852:
848:
840:
836:
828:
824:
816:
812:
804:
800:
792:
788:
780:
776:
768:
764:
756:
752:
744:
740:
732:
728:
720:
716:
708:
704:
696:
692:
684:
680:
672:
668:
660:
656:
648:
644:
636:
632:
624:
620:
612:
608:
600:
596:
588:
584:
576:
572:
564:
560:
552:
548:
540:
536:
528:
524:
514:
512:
509:Dziennik Łódzki
502:
501:
497:
489:
485:
477:
473:
465:
461:
453:
449:
441:
437:
429:
425:
417:
413:
405:
401:
393:
389:
384:
367:
348:
312:
310:Parks and ponds
258:stream gradient
254:
183:
181:
177:
174:
169:
166:
164:
162:
161:
158:
146:
120:
108:
106:
102:
99:
94:
91:
89:
87:
86:
81:
68:
17:
16:River in Poland
12:
11:
5:
1229:
1227:
1219:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1193:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1159:
1114:
1077:
988:
968:
937:
891:
888:
885:
884:
867:"Rzeka Jasień"
858:
846:
834:
822:
810:
798:
786:
774:
762:
750:
738:
726:
714:
702:
690:
678:
666:
654:
642:
630:
618:
606:
594:
582:
570:
558:
546:
534:
522:
495:
483:
471:
459:
447:
435:
423:
411:
399:
386:
385:
383:
380:
379:
378:
373:
366:
363:
362:
361:
358:
355:
347:
344:
311:
308:
274:Karl Scheibler
253:
250:
227:
226:
209:
205:
204:
200:
199:
196:
192:
191:
159:
156:
153:
152:
147:
144:
141:
140:
137:
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
117:
116:
84:
78:
77:
71:
65:
64:
61:
57:
56:
53:
52:
48:
47:
42:
38:
37:
33:
32:
24:
23:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1228:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1178:(6-A): 213–22
1177:
1174:(in Polish).
1173:
1165:
1160:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1120:
1115:
1103:
1098:
1094:
1090:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1037:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1003:(in Polish).
1002:
994:
989:
979:on 2021-09-27
975:
971:
965:
957:
953:
952:
943:
938:
923:
919:
915:
911:
908:(in Polish).
907:
899:
894:
893:
889:
872:
868:
862:
859:
855:
850:
847:
843:
838:
835:
831:
826:
823:
819:
814:
811:
807:
802:
799:
795:
790:
787:
783:
778:
775:
771:
766:
763:
759:
754:
751:
747:
742:
739:
735:
730:
727:
723:
718:
715:
711:
706:
703:
699:
694:
691:
687:
682:
679:
675:
670:
667:
663:
658:
655:
651:
646:
643:
639:
634:
631:
627:
622:
619:
615:
610:
607:
603:
598:
595:
591:
586:
583:
579:
574:
571:
567:
562:
559:
555:
550:
547:
543:
538:
535:
531:
526:
523:
510:
506:
499:
496:
492:
487:
484:
480:
475:
472:
468:
463:
460:
456:
451:
448:
444:
439:
436:
432:
427:
424:
420:
415:
412:
408:
403:
400:
396:
391:
388:
381:
377:
374:
372:
369:
368:
364:
359:
357:The Olechówka
356:
354:The Karolewka
353:
352:
351:
345:
343:
339:
337:
336:White Factory
333:
324:
320:
317:
309:
307:
304:
300:
295:
290:
289:steam engines
281:
277:
275:
271:
267:
263:
259:
251:
249:
247:
242:
237:
234:
225:
221:
217:
213:
210:
206:
201:
197:
193:
188:
160:
154:
151:
148:
142:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
118:
113:
85:
79:
76:
72:
66:
62:
58:
54:
49:
46:
43:
39:
34:
30:
25:
20:
1180:. Retrieved
1175:
1171:
1151:. Retrieved
1144:the original
1129:
1125:
1106:. Retrieved
1095:(1): 45–60.
1092:
1088:
1049:(2): 37–45.
1046:
1042:
1024:. Retrieved
1007:(2): 37–47.
1004:
1000:
981:. Retrieved
974:the original
955:
950:
929:. Retrieved
922:the original
909:
905:
875:. Retrieved
870:
861:
849:
837:
825:
813:
801:
789:
777:
765:
758:Kobojek 2015
753:
741:
729:
722:Kobojek 2015
717:
705:
693:
686:Kobojek 2017
681:
674:Kobojek 2017
669:
657:
650:Kobojek 2015
645:
633:
626:Kobojek 2017
621:
609:
597:
585:
573:
561:
549:
537:
525:
513:. Retrieved
508:
498:
486:
481:, pp. 41-42.
474:
462:
450:
443:Kobojek 2017
438:
431:Kobojek 2017
426:
419:Kobojek 2017
414:
402:
390:
349:
340:
329:
313:
294:sewer system
286:
255:
232:
230:
346:Tributaries
266:Middle Ages
208:Progression
182: /
107: /
1195:Categories
983:2019-08-26
890:References
262:hydropower
224:Baltic Sea
170:19°24′46″E
167:51°42′50″N
95:19°31′35″E
92:51°46′27″N
1182:15 August
1153:15 August
1108:15 August
1073:0867-5856
1065:2080-6922
1026:15 August
1021:0867-5856
1013:2080-6922
931:15 August
918:0138-0850
877:15 August
856:, p. 219.
832:, p. 219.
772:, p. 219.
515:15 August
382:Footnotes
360:The Lamus
1132:: 7–20.
844:, p. 44.
820:, p. 45.
808:, p. 43.
796:, p. 43.
784:, p. 42.
760:, p. 52.
748:, p. 45.
736:, p. 64.
724:, p. 49.
712:, p. 64.
700:, p. 64.
688:, p. 13.
676:, p. 11.
664:, p. 44.
652:, p. 52.
640:, p. 64.
628:, p. 10.
616:, p. 26.
604:, p. 45.
592:, p. 27.
580:, p. 26.
568:, p. 43.
556:, p. 24.
544:, p. 42.
532:, p. 42.
493:, p. 22.
469:, p. 22.
457:, p. 62.
445:, p. 10.
433:, p. 10.
421:, p. 17.
409:, p. 40.
397:, p. 40.
365:See also
36:Location
1043:Tourism
252:History
41:Country
1071:
1063:
1019:
1011:
1001:Turyzm
966:
958:]
916:
233:Jasień
195:Length
139:
63:
60:Source
45:Poland
22:Jasień
1168:(PDF)
1147:(PDF)
1122:(PDF)
1085:(PDF)
1061:eISSN
1039:(PDF)
1009:eISSN
997:(PDF)
977:(PDF)
960:(PDF)
954:[
946:(PDF)
925:(PDF)
902:(PDF)
316:ponds
270:Reeve
216:Warta
135:Mouth
1206:Łódź
1184:2019
1155:2019
1110:2019
1069:ISSN
1028:2019
1017:ISSN
964:ISBN
933:2019
914:ISSN
879:2019
517:2019
376:Łódź
241:Łódź
231:The
220:Oder
75:Łódź
1176:109
1134:doi
1097:doi
1051:doi
910:XXI
371:Ner
299:Ner
246:Ner
212:Ner
150:Ner
1197::
1170:.
1130:19
1128:.
1124:.
1093:22
1091:.
1087:.
1067:.
1059:.
1047:25
1045:.
1041:.
1015:.
1005:25
999:.
904:.
869:.
222:→
218:→
214:→
1186:.
1157:.
1136::
1112:.
1099::
1075:.
1053::
1030:.
986:.
935:.
881:.
519:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
