963:"The early history of Jarawa hostility towards outsiders was brought to a gradual end by a series of friendly contacts by the Indian administration which continued till 1998–99 when the Jarawa community on its own came in close sustained contact with the outside world. Despite the changing trajectories of the history of contact between Jarawas and outsiders, what remains significantly unchanged are perceptions of the Jarawa from colonial to post-colonial times." "The Jarawa no longer loiter on the roadside, waiting for charity from passing people. They now allow themselves to be photographed against payment in kind. The ATR has changed the Jarawa and made them conscious that they are objects of discipline for the administration or commodities for gawking tourists in search of the "exotic" in the Andamans. This understanding has helped them to negotiate situations involving outsiders with increasing confidence." "Jarawa seeking medical help are moved to the local medical establishments at once. It is no longer a situation of outsiders trying to convince Jarawa to come out and seek medical assistance. They do so willingly at their own initiative" "These Jarawa, as has been experienced, are very friendly, speak Hindi very fluently and regularly visit the local inhabitants for food. It has also been observed that a group of about 80 Jarawa who regularly visit the Tirur area are so friendly with the people that a few of the Jarawa children recently approached the local teacher for admission in the school as they had observed other children studying in the school/college".
1139:... इस आदेश का उल्लंघन करने वाले आपरेटरों के खिलाफ कड़ी कानूनी कार्रवाई की जायेगी. बयान में कहा गया कि यह जनजाति क्षेत्र केन्द्र शासित प्रदेश के प्रोटेक्श्न आफ एबोआरिजिनल ट्राइब्स रेगुलेशन एक्ट (1956) के अतंगर्त आते हैं (Violators will be prosecuted strictly. These tribal areas fall under the purview of the union territory's Protection of Aboriginal Tribes Regulation, 1956)... अंडमान ट्रंक रोड (एटीआर) पर पर्यटकों को ले जाते समय वाहनों को रोका नहीं जाये और न ही जारवा जनजाति के लोगों को अपने वाहन में बैठाया जाये. उन्हें यह भी कहा गया कि वे यह भी ध्यान रखे कि न तो जारवा जनजाति के फोटो लिये जाये और न ही उनकी वीडियोग्राफी की जाये (Vehicles in which tourists are transit via the ATR are not permitted to stop or offer rides to Jarawa tribal members. Photography and videography of Jarawas is prohibited) ... गणेशन ने कहा कि आधिकारिक तौर पर यह दिखाया जाता है कि पर्यटकों को एटीआर होकर बारातंत द्वीप की सैर कराई जाती है ... हर रोज करीब पांच सौ से अधिक पर्यटकों (Ganeshan said that, while on paper tourists are shown as transiting to Baratang Island ... over 500 are being taken to view Jarawas every day) ....
859:... The Great Andaman Trunk Road was constructed over the dead bodies of the APWD mazdoors, the Jarawas and the bush police personnel ... The road is mired in controversy, a very serious one at that ... the Jarawas have gone through a churning. They have acquired all, almost all, the vices of civilization. They have taken to eating rice and dal, taking tobacco and gutka and maybe even submitting to sexual exploitation whether by choice or due to allurement. They too have gone too far. The irony is: nobody knows how to save the tribe. Nobody is sure closing the ATR would save them. Yet they have to maintain the position. If the tribal civilization disintegrates even after closing the road, it is nobody's loss; except the islanders. Barring a few, the tribal rights activists don't belong to the islands ...
895:... The building of the Andaman Grand Trunk road has exposed Jarawas to the city dwellers and exploitation. Their fish catch and game are bought for a simple packet of biscuits. Jarawa children have become very fond of biscuits and loiter on the street to satisfy their desire from visiting tourists. These are highly endangered tribes, yet a slight increase in the population such as an increase from 19 in 1961 to 50 of Great Andamanese builds some hope. Nine days after giant waves struck the Little Andaman Island, a child was born at a relief camp at soccer stadium and the Ongre tribe of hunters and gatherers took a step away from extinction. Post-Tsunami life for tribes is varied. While Jarawas are least affected by the calamity ...
330:
incursions and attempts at contact. Regardless, they became accessible to some Indian linguists. From 1997, Jarawas began to initiate contacts with settled populations instead of being coaxed to show themselves. Meetings with outsiders, especially with tourists, remained extremely dangerous to the
Jarawas due to the risk of disease. In spite of these risks, the Jarawas increasingly assumed an active role, learning more about the settled population, taking up opportunities to trade more frequently, and informing themselves about their own special status as protected people. In the process, Jarawas learned other languages, sought medical aid, and began to ask tourists for money if they wanted to take photos.
343:
215:
The early colonisations by the
Jarawas showed evidence that there was an early movement of humans through southern Asia and indicate that phenotypic similarities with African groups are convergent. They are also believed to be the first successful tribe to move out of Africa. Any form of evidence on the Jarawas—social, cultural, historical, archaeological, linguistic, phenotypic, and genetic—support the conclusion that the Andaman Islanders have been isolated for a substantial period of time, which suggests why they have been able to survive despite modernization.
608:... The Aka-Kol tribe of Middle Andaman went extinct by 1921. The Oko-Juwoi of Middle Andaman and the Aka-Bea of South Andaman and Rutland Island were extinct by 1931. The Akar-Bale of Ritchie's Archipelago, the Aka-Kede of Middle Andaman and the A-Pucikwar of South Andaman Island soon followed. By 1951, the census counted a total of only 23 Greater Andamanese and 10 Sentinelese. That means that just ten men, twelve women and one child remained of the Aka-Kora, Aka-Cari and Aka-Jeru tribes of Greater Andaman and only ten natives of North Sentinel Island ...
243:
1103:... In 1998, in an issue relating to excessive logging activities in Little Andaman and the danger posed to the Onge tribe, the Pune-based environmental action group Kalpavriksh, the Port Blair-based SANE and the Mumbai-based Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) filed a writ petition before the Kolkata High Court. The administration stonewalled it. It was argued that the matter could be taken up only in the Supreme Court, and the case landed there ...
770:... As I have suggested previously, it is probable that some disease was introduced among the coastal groups by Lieutenant Colebrooke and Blair's first settlement in 1789, resulting in a marked reduction of their population. The four years that the British occupied their initial site on the south-east of South Andaman were sufficient to have decimated the coastal populations of the groups referred to as Jarawa by the Aka-bea-da ...
77:
800:... Contact with whites, and the British in particular, has virtually destroyed them. Illness, alcohol, and the will of the colonials all played their part; the British governor of the time mentions in his diary that he received instructions to destroy them with alcohol and opium. He succeeded completely with one group. The others reacted violently ...
188:; however, until quite recent times they were infrequently visited, and such contacts were predominantly sporadic and temporary. For the greater portion of their history their only significant contact has been with other Andamanese groups. Through many decades, contact with the tribe has diminished quite significantly.
477:
On 21 January 2013 a Bench of
Justices G.S. Singhvi and H.L. Gokhale passed an interim order banning tourists from taking the trunk road passing through Jarawa areas. As a response to this interim order, a petition was filed on behalf of local inhabitants which stated that the Andaman Trunk Road is a
460:
A major problem is the volume of sightseeing tours that are operated by private companies, where tourists view, photograph or otherwise attempt interactions with
Jarawas, who are often begging by the highway. These are illegal under Indian law, and in March 2008, the Tourism Department of the Andaman
214:
The
Jarawas are believed to be descendants of the Jangil tribe and it is estimated that they have been in the Andaman Islands for over two millennia. The Jarawas were both linguistically and culturally distinguished from the Greater Andamanese, who today number 59 individuals living on Strait Island.
447:
joined in the petition, resulting in a landmark High Court judgment in 2001, directing the administration to take steps to protect the Jarawa from encroachment and contact, as well as preemptively ruling out any program that involved relocating the Jarawa to a new reservation. Planned extensions of
172:
Islands, and their present numbers are estimated at between 250–400 individuals. They have largely shunned interaction with outsiders, and many particulars of their society, culture and traditions are poorly understood. Since the 1990s, contacts between Jarawa groups and outsiders grew increasingly
395:
The
Jarawas also have support from the Indian government. They receive monthly allowances by the government and also receive wages for taking care of citrus fruit plantations. The Jarawas have a strong dependence on gathering different items, such as turtle eggs, honey, yams, larvae, jackfruit and
469:
In 2006, the Indian travel company
Barefoot had established a resort 3 km distant from the Jarawa reserve. The development was the subject of a recent court case brought by a small section of Andaman authorities who wanted to stop the resort, and appealed against a Calcutta High Court ruling
333:
Today, several Jarawa groups are in regular contact with the outside world through settlements on the fringes of their
Reserve, through daily contact with outsiders along the Andaman Trunk Road and at jetties, marketplaces and hospitals near the road and at settlements near the reserve, with some
391:
Food preparation is mainly done by roasting; baking as well as boiling. However, the
Jarawas also consume food raw. The Jarawas have well balanced diets, and since they exploit both terrestrial as well as aquatic resources, they can easily supplement one type of food by another one in case of a
329:
was built through their western forest homeland. As result, contacts between the
Jarawas and outsiders began to increase, resulting in occasional trading but also the outbreak of diseases. Most Jarawas vigorously maintained their independence and distance, however, and actively discouraged most
465:
and would be prosecuted under a strict interpretation of the statute. It has been alleged, however, that these rules are being flouted with over 500 tourists being taken to view Jarawas daily by private tour operators, while being shown as transiting to legitimate destinations and resulting in
836:... The principal threat to the Jarawa's existence comes from encroachment onto their land, which was sparked by the building of a highway through their forest in the 1970s. The road brings settlers, poachers and loggers, who steal the tribe's game and expose them to disease...
305:
tribes were similarly depopulated by their overuse of alcohol and opium (which were introduced to them by colonial officials) after their introduction, leaving open the western areas which the Jarawa gradually made their new homeland. The immigration of mainland
478:
vital road and connects more than 350 villages. The Supreme Court therefore, on 5 March 2013 reversed its interim order, allowing the road to be fully re-opened, but with vehicles only being allowed to travel in large convoys four times a day.
288:
The Jarawas have a history as traditional hunter-forager-fishermen, and have also had reputations as warriors and uncompromising defenders of their territory. Before the 19th century, the Jarawa homelands were located in the southeast part of
578:... 'Jangil' is here used for 'Ancestors.' I found that this word was used by the very ancient Aka-Bea-da for the name of the hostile inland tribe in the South Andaman, who are now known as Jarawas and who belong to the Onge group of tribes.
461:
and Nicobar administration issued a fresh warning to tour operators that attempting contact with Jarawas, photographing them, stopping vehicles while transiting through their land or offering them rides were prohibited under the
473:
Some Indian tourism companies bring tourists close to their secluded areas where the natives are tossed food from the caravans. In 2012, a video shot by a tourist showed women encouraged to dance by an off-camera policeman.
367:
and turtles are a major part of the Jarawa diet. Besides meat and seafood, Jarawas collect fruit, tubers and honey from the forest. In order to get honey from bees, they use a plant extract to calm the bees.
1573:
408:
through their newer western forest homeland in the 1970s. In late 1997, some Jarawa started coming out of their forest to visit nearby settlements for the first time. Within months a serious
1558:
173:
frequent. By the 2000s, some Jarawas had become regular visitors at settlements, where they trade, interact with tourists, get medical aid, and even send their children to school.
195:
tribe as a parent tribe from which they split centuries or millennia ago, even though the Jarawa outnumbered (and eventually out-survived) the Jangil. The Jangil (also called the
527:
1118:
357:
Since this is an island tribe, food sources in the ocean are highly important to them. Men fish with bows and arrows in shallow water. Women catch fish with baskets.
1262:
Sekhsaria, Pankaj (2003) Troubled Islands: Writings on the Indigenous Peoples and Environment of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Pune, India: Kalpavriksh and LEAD.
1151:
593:
Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region : Containing an Introduction to the Symbiotic Theory of Language
334:
children even showing up at mainstream schools and asking to be educated along with settler children. Jarawas currently have a population of 270 remaining.
1265:
Venkateswar, Sita (2004) "Development and Ethnocide: Colonial Practices in the Andaman Islands" Copenhagen, International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs
946:
1563:
717:
Sreenathan, M.; Rao, V. R.; Bednarik, R. G. (2008). "Palaeolithic Cognitive Inheritance in Aesthetic Behavior of the Jarawas of the Andaman Islands".
655:
Endicott, Phillip; Gilbert, M. Thomas P.; Stringer, Chris; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; Willerslev, Eske; Hansen, Anders J.; Cooper, Alan (January 2003).
432:
1251:
452:
editorialised that the changes to the Jarawa were likely irreversible and should have been assessed more thoroughly before the road was built.
462:
203:
620:
1290:
888:
793:
763:
601:
140:
94:
354:
and other quarry with bows and arrows. They have recently begun keeping dogs to help with hunting, as the Onges and Andamanese do.
538:
1126:
1256:
Mirante, Edith (2014) "The Wind in the Bamboo: Journeys in Search of Asia's 'Negrito' Indigenous Peoples" Bangkok, Orchid Press.
1188:
1009:
973:
436:
1172:
The survival of the Jarawa tribe, on the Andaman Islands in India, is threatened by the construction of a luxury resort ...
1159:
1568:
184:, they have inhabited the islands for several thousand years. The Andaman Islands have been known to outsiders since
1259:
Mukerjee, Madhusree (2003) "The Land of Naked People: Encounters with Stone Age Islanders" Boston, Houghton Mifflin.
342:
1504:
428:
378:), is known as "aao" in their own language. The arrow is called "patho". The wooden head of the arrow is made of
1402:
1210:
950:
412:
epidemic broke out. In 1999 and 2006 the Jarawa suffered another outbreak of measles. No deaths were reported.
405:
326:
1205:
1283:
1250:
Saini, Ajay (2016) "What Murdered the Mixed-Race Jarawa Baby?" Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 51(15)
1222:
424:
322:
307:
242:
169:
70:
1373:
290:
165:
110:
66:
907:
Zide, Norman; Pandya, Vishvajit (1989). "A Bibliographical Introduction to Andamanese Linguistics".
230:. This triad is connected with the Greater Andamanese language clade on a typological—rather than a
1343:
420:
298:
1316:
924:
734:
627:
278:
181:
157:
123:
1241:
The Jarawa Tribal Reserve Dossier: Cultural & Biological Diversities in the Andaman Islands
947:"From dangerous to endangered: Jarawa "primitives" and welfare politics in the Andaman Islands"
17:
1276:
884:
789:
759:
694:
676:
597:
294:
1324:
916:
726:
684:
668:
528:"Table A-11 (Appendix) DISTRICT WISE SCHEDULED TRIBE POPULATION (FOR EACH TRIBE SEPARATELY)"
507:
302:
261:
219:
1240:
388:
wood or bamboo. When they go hunting or on raids, they wear a chest guard called "kekad".
1307:
497:
466:
continuing daily interaction between the Jarawa and day tourists inside the reserve area.
297:, the Jarawas experienced a massive population decline due to the introduction of outside
247:
185:
161:
98:
293:
and nearby islets. After the establishment of a British colonial presence in 1789 by the
1119:"जारवा के इलाकों में पयर्टकों का प्रवेश बंद (Tourists' entry to Jarawa areas forbidden)"
384:
wood. To make the iron head arrow, called "aetaho" in their language, they use iron and
1229:
1086:
351:
254:
Rapid depopulation of the original southeastern Jarawa homeland in the 1789–1793 period
1061:
819:
689:
656:
325:), the Jarawas managed to remain intact as a tribe. From the 1970s, the controversial
1552:
1218:
1046:
1020:
984:
274:
Jarawa move to occupy depopulated former west coast homeland of the Great Andamanese
1527:
1474:
1459:
1444:
1439:
1354:
419:
and commercial exploitation of Jarawa lands, caused a lawsuit to be filed with the
318:
311:
878:
783:
753:
730:
591:
571:
1494:
1486:
1412:
1407:
1380:
1366:
1360:
1348:
1330:
874:
444:
257:
223:
218:
The Jarawas are one of the four surviving tribes in the area, the others being
127:
404:
The biggest threat to the Jarawa in recent years came from the building of the
1499:
1337:
680:
576:, Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, Government of India,
698:
317:
Despite the disease epidemics during the colonial era and the chaos of the
1047:"Nutritional and Health Status of the Jarawas : A Preliminary Report"
246:
Comparative map showing distributions of various Andamanese tribes in the
1519:
1426:
1387:
416:
373:
360:
152:
738:
1464:
1299:
492:
409:
314:
settlers, beginning about two centuries ago, accelerated this process.
231:
177:
928:
1469:
1454:
1449:
1434:
1396:
1244:
487:
423:, which has jurisdiction over the islands. The case escalated to the
364:
268:
192:
755:
Development and Ethnocide: Colonial Practices in the Andaman Islands
920:
672:
415:
The impact of the highway, in addition to widespread encroachment,
1509:
1243:", edited by Pankaj Sekhsaria and Vishvajit Pandya, 212pp, Paris:
380:
341:
241:
234:—basis, suggesting a historical separation of considerable depth.
191:
There is some indication that the Jarawa regarded the now-extinct
82:
785:
The Great Human Diasporas: The History of Diversity and Evolution
350:
As the Jarawas are a nomadic tribe; they hunt endemic wild pigs,
535:
Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India
502:
440:
227:
1272:
782:
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Francesco Cavalli-Sforza (1995),
448:
the highway were also prohibited by the court. However, the
1268:
573:
Notes on the Languages of the South Andaman Group of Tribes
1189:"Andaman Islands tribe threatened by lure of mass tourism"
1152:"Indian Luxury Resort Endangers Isolated Jarawa Tribe"
814:
812:
810:
808:
1574:
Scheduled Tribes of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
1518:
1485:
1425:
1315:
1306:
116:
104:
88:
59:
49:
42:
250:– early 1800s versus present-day (2004). Notables:
470:allowing it to continue. Barefoot won that case.
1559:Ethnic groups in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands
463:Protection of Aboriginal Tribes Regulation, 1956
1113:
1111:
1182:
1180:
657:"The Genetic Origins of the Andaman Islanders"
1284:
848:
846:
844:
8:
974:"Database for Indigenous Cultural Evolution"
857:, vol. 32, no. 2, 6 January 2006,
180:group in India. Along with other indigenous
35:
1252:What Murdered the “Mixed-Race” Jarawa Baby?
940:
938:
880:Endangered Languages of the Andaman Islands
869:
867:
557:Descriptive and Typological study of Jarawa
1312:
1291:
1277:
1269:
626:. Census India. p. 27. Archived from
34:
688:
909:Journal of the American Oriental Society
712:
710:
708:
519:
433:Society for Andaman and Nicobar Ecology
1187:Chamberlain, Gethin (7 January 2012).
400:Impact of the Great Andaman Trunk Road
151:
396:wild citrus fruits and wild berries.
27:Indigenous Andamanese people in India
7:
650:
648:
321:(during which they were attacked by
238:Contact, settlements and dislocation
60:Regions with significant populations
621:"List of notified Scheduled Tribes"
559:(PhD). Jawaharlal Nehru University.
301:to which they had no immunity. The
1230:Jarawa and the road to destruction
661:American Journal of Human Genetics
25:
371:The Jarawa bow, made of chuiood (
264:shrinkage to isolated settlements
199:) were presumed extinct by 1931.
176:The Jarawas are recognised as an
1564:Indigenous peoples of South Asia
945:Vishvajit Pandya (2 June 2007).
164:in India. They live in parts of
75:
18:Jarawa people (Andaman Islands)
1125:, 5 March 2008, archived from
853:"Editorial: After ATR what?",
570:Maurice Vidal Portman (1898),
437:Bombay Natural History Society
1:
731:10.5771/0257-9774-2008-2-367
346:Forest in the Jarwa reserve
202:The Jarawa are a designated
1590:
429:Public Interest Litigation
1536:
1087:"The road to destruction"
1066:Survivalinternational.org
1060:International, Survival.
752:Sita Venkateswar (2004),
590:George van Driem (2001),
121:
109:
93:
64:
54:
406:Great Andaman Trunk Road
327:Great Andaman Trunk Road
323:imperial Japanese forces
1541:indicate extinct groups
281:zone is somewhat intact
1223:Survival International
824:Survival International
555:Kumar, Pramod (2012).
425:Supreme Court of India
347:
285:
197:Rutland Island Aka Bea
1214:report, 20 April 2012
855:The Light of Andamans
345:
245:
117:Related ethnic groups
291:South Andaman Island
111:Traditional religion
55:≈ 380 (2011, census)
1569:Uncontacted peoples
544:on 12 January 2021.
421:Calcutta High Court
299:infectious diseases
39:
1026:on 29 October 2020
990:on 29 October 2020
633:on 7 November 2013
348:
286:
271:extinction by 1931
182:Andamanese peoples
124:Andamanese peoples
1546:
1545:
1421:
1420:
1129:on 2 October 2011
1017:Dice.missouri.edu
981:Dice.missouri.edu
883:, Lincom Europa,
456:Impact of tourism
450:Light of Andamans
295:Bengal Presidency
158:indigenous people
133:
132:
122:Other indigenous
16:(Redirected from
1581:
1325:Great Andamanese
1313:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1270:
1197:
1196:
1184:
1175:
1174:
1169:
1167:
1158:, archived from
1148:
1142:
1141:
1136:
1134:
1115:
1106:
1105:
1100:
1098:
1083:
1077:
1076:
1074:
1072:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1045:Sahani, Ramesh.
1042:
1036:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1025:
1019:. Archived from
1014:
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
995:
989:
983:. Archived from
978:
970:
964:
962:
960:
958:
949:. Archived from
942:
933:
932:
904:
898:
897:
871:
862:
861:
850:
839:
838:
833:
831:
816:
803:
802:
779:
773:
772:
749:
743:
742:
714:
703:
702:
692:
652:
643:
642:
640:
638:
632:
625:
617:
611:
610:
587:
581:
580:
567:
561:
560:
552:
546:
545:
543:
537:. Archived from
532:
524:
508:Great Andamanese
338:Hunting and diet
319:Second World War
303:Great Andamanese
262:Great Andamanese
220:Great Andamanese
155:
150:
81:
79:
78:
65:Western side of
50:Total population
40:
21:
1589:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1542:
1532:
1514:
1481:
1417:
1308:Andaman Islands
1302:
1297:
1201:
1200:
1186:
1185:
1178:
1165:
1163:
1162:on 25 June 2009
1150:
1149:
1145:
1132:
1130:
1117:
1116:
1109:
1096:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1080:
1070:
1068:
1059:
1058:
1054:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1012:
1008:
1007:
1003:
993:
991:
987:
976:
972:
971:
967:
956:
954:
944:
943:
936:
906:
905:
901:
891:
873:
872:
865:
852:
851:
842:
829:
827:
818:
817:
806:
796:
788:, Basic Books,
781:
780:
776:
766:
751:
750:
746:
716:
715:
706:
654:
653:
646:
636:
634:
630:
623:
619:
618:
614:
604:
589:
588:
584:
569:
568:
564:
554:
553:
549:
541:
530:
526:
525:
521:
516:
498:Andaman Islands
484:
458:
402:
352:monitor lizards
340:
312:Karen (Burmese)
284:
248:Andaman Islands
240:
212:
204:Scheduled Tribe
162:Andaman Islands
148:
126:, particularly
99:Ongan languages
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1234:India Together
1226:
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1091:India Together
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1413:Sentinelese
1232:, from the
1133:24 November
1123:oneIndia.in
1097:19 November
875:Anvita Abbi
637:15 December
445:Kalpavriksh
431:(PIL). The
279:Sentinelese
224:Sentinelese
1553:Categories
1317:Andamanese
1219:The Jarawa
1211:Al Jazeera
1156:Ecoworldly
1071:21 October
1030:21 October
994:21 October
514:References
392:shortage.
206:in India.
149:pronounced
1195:. London.
758:, IWGIA,
719:Anthropos
681:0002-9297
596:, BRILL,
376:elliptica
277:Only the
267:Complete
186:antiquity
156:) are an
89:Languages
73:Islands,
1520:Thailand
1427:Malaysia
1388:Pucikwar
1300:Negritos
1062:"Jarawa"
1010:"Jarawa"
877:(2006),
820:"Jarawa"
739:40467418
699:12478481
482:See also
417:poaching
374:Sageraea
361:Mollusks
232:cognatic
105:Religion
1539:Italics
1510:Mamanwa
1465:Mendriq
1236:website
1225:website
493:Negrito
443:-based
410:measles
365:dugongs
178:Adivasi
160:of the
137:Jarawas
37:Jarawas
1470:Mintil
1455:Kintaq
1450:Kensiu
1435:Semang
1403:Jarawa
1397:Jangil
1247:, 2010
1245:UNESCO
1166:3 July
957:2 July
929:604090
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830:6 July
826:, 2009
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488:Jangil
435:, the
308:Indian
269:Jangil
210:Origin
193:Jangil
141:Jarawa
95:Jarawa
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1505:Batak
1460:Lanoh
1445:Jahai
1440:Batek
1355:Juwoi
1024:(PDF)
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925:JSTOR
735:JSTOR
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427:as a
386:Areca
381:Areca
83:India
1495:Aeta
1408:Onge
1381:Kora
1367:Kede
1361:Cari
1349:Jeru
1331:Bale
1168:2009
1135:2008
1099:2008
1073:2021
1032:2021
996:2021
959:2009
885:ISBN
832:2009
790:ISBN
760:ISBN
695:PMID
677:ISSN
639:2013
598:ISBN
503:Onge
441:Pune
439:and
310:and
260:and
258:Onge
228:Onge
226:and
168:and
145:Aong
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