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481:", which is a typical name given to the sea in Puri. It's also argued that one of Jayadeva's compositions remotely suggest that he ever served in the court of any monarch. Besides, Lakshmana Sena ruled Birbhum between 1179 AD and 1185 AD, that was just about a few years after birth of the poet. Bengali scholars, Dr. Satyakam Sengupta and Dr. Ashis Chakravarti have confirmed Jayadeva's birth in Kendubilva of Prachi valley of Orissa, based on their research findings.
609:, then subsequently disseminated by Bengali historians. The book was written in 1803 when little was known about the poet's life. Since this was the only published source of information then, it eventually came to be accepted that Jayadeva may have been born in Bengal. This idea was further propagated in 1906 through an article by a certain M. M. Chakraborty where he mentioned that the great poet belonged to Bengal in the
25:
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Gitagovinda when he visited Puri in AD 1590, and came to realize the religious significance of the work from Raya
Ramananda on the banks of the Godavari when he went on pilgrimage to the south." Donaldson adds that "In Orissa, on the other hand, the popularity of the Gitagovinda was almost immediate and the two earliest commentaries on the poem were produced there, the
634:. Also The Krishna worshipping was prevailing in Bengal from long time before Sri Chaitanya. In the Gaudiya Vaishnava Abhidhana, it is stated that Jayadeva found his Radha Madhava Deities in this river's waters. It is also stated there that he used to rest and worship at the Temple of Shiva known as Kusheshwar, which is also on the banks of the Ajaya River.
370:"Many scholars identify this Kenduvilva with a site of the Ajaya river in the Birbhum district of Bengal. More convincing, however are arguments of Orissan scholars such as K. Mahapatra and B. Rath, who identify it with the village of Kenduli in the Puri district of Orissa, between the Prachi and Kusabhadra rivers."
681:(KBC III) mentioned Jayadeva as the court poet of king Lakshmanasena of Bengal. This triggered an immediate volley of protests by the culture-aware people of Odisha. Shah Rukh Khan, the game show's host was denounced for spreading false information. The government of Odisha has also demanded an apology from
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as it claims that the game show "mutilated historical facts" and "hurt the feelings of the people of Odisha". The
Jayadeva Foundation Trust launched a protest against the TV show. Some scholars have expressed concern over the false depiction of Jayadeva's origin by Kaun Banega Crorepati, which they
445:
Some further details about
Jayadeva have been garnered from Madhaba Patnaik's book. It gives a clear account of Chaitanya's visit to Puri and mentions that Chaitanya paid a visit to Kenduli Sasan near Puri to pay homage to Jayadeva and to sing passages from the Gita Govinda. The book mentions that
379:
Historian
Kedarnath Mahapatra refers to the evidence in manuscripts to observe historical opinions on the controversy, "There is little evidence, literary or archaeological, that the Gitagovinda was popular in Bengal prior to the advent of Chaitanya. In fact, Chaitanya first discovered the jewel of
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village of
Jayadeva. Under the assumption that the illustrious poet was born there, that festival too became associated with Jayadeva. A nearby village acquired the sobriquet of "Jayadeva Kenduli" and became a tourist attraction, and the Baul festival was renamed as "Jayadeva Mela". Jayadeva lived
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that
Lakshman Sen was delighted when he heard Jayadeva's hymn to the ten incarnations, the Dasavatara-stotra. When Govardhan Acharya notified the king that it was Jayadeva who had composed the hymn, he became desirous to meet the poet. He went incognito to Jayadeva's house and when he saw him, he
637:
Since
Jayadeva's composition, including the Gita Govinda clearly were composed in Puri in Odisha, Bengali historians who supported the idea that Jayadeva must have been from that state, went on to explain that the poet eventually settled in Puri in that state where he began composing poetry.
538:
In contrast, according to Thomas
Donaldson, "Jayadeva's ragas do not match the lyrical patterns of Bengal, which unlike Odisha, does not even possess a classical vocal tradition" "It is also noteworthy that all the musical notes (ragas) used in the Gitagovinda are fully utilized with greater
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for a long time in
Navadwip during the reign of the king of Bengal, Lakshman Sen, making his home not far from the king's palace. At that time, the king's chief scholar was Govardhan Acharya. According to Ashutosh Deb's Bengali dictionary, Jayadeva was Lakshman Sen's court poet.
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s, commonly used in Odishi (music) till to-day. One has to acknowledge that the
Gitagovinda was written in order to be sung before Lord Jagannatha and since then (12th century) the recital has been continued as a daily ritual in Srimandira to entertain the
539:
dimensions by the old Oriya writers whereas these ragas are rarely met with in old Bengali literature". The lack of correlation between Bengali traditional music and the compositions of Jayadeva were independently observed in Barbara Stoler Miller's book,
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Proponents of the Odia view cite evidence from archaeological, epigraphical, literary and musicological sources, among others. Archaeological discoveries establish Jayadeva's extended presence in Odisha. There also exists a village called
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In July 2009, the government of India's Department of Posts has decided to release 11 stamps in Bhubaneswar to commemorate the birth of Jayadeva. One stamp depicts the poet himself, while the other ten show the 10 incarnations of
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paintings of Odisha. Additionally, a highly Sanskritized and sophisticated classical culture had been firmly entrenched in Odisha during that period, while neighboring Bengal only had a folk based culture until recent times.
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Some historians now suggest that some of the poet's own compositions in Odia unequivocally support the idea that Jayadeva belonged to Puri, Odisha. For example Jayadeva mentions his birthplace as "Kendubilva by the sea"
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employed by Jayadeva, considered to be the first lyric in Sanskrit where the parameters of classical music have been delineated by the author. The ragas and talas employed by Jayadeva are peculiar to the tradition of
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707:. Chief Minister Naveen Patnaik unveiled the stamps at a special function in Jayadev Bhawan. The stamps are in the denomination of Rs 5. A total of 800,000 stamps were released for sale in Odisha.
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Furthermore, researchers opine that Jayadeva is among the central-most figures in Odia culture. Jayadeva's works, they observe, have spread to southern India, but are rare in neighboring
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227:, who was also the main theme in Jayadeva's works, has traditionally been worshipped as the main god. Coincidentally, the inhabitants of that village also worship Jayadeva. A
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noticed that Jayadeva possessed all the characteristics of a great and powerful spiritual personality. In spite of having originated centuries later during the time of
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was widespread in Odisha during Jayadeva's birth. On the other hand, they argue that there is no archaeological evidence of such worship in Bengal until the arrival of
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scholarly activity in Odisha, and Jayadeva himself was a Brahmin. The Gitagovinda is said to have been composed in the Dasavatara Matha on Badadanda, Puri.
530: ; these ragas are not found to be in usage outside Odisha. Why only ragas, according to many early commentators the talas used by Jayadeva such as '
343:. The inscriptions, that refer to "Sadhu Pradhana Jayadeva" were carved by the Odisha monarch of that period. Later discoveries of inscriptions at the
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Kenduli Sasan was in fact the birthplace of the illustrious poet. It also gives an account of Jayadeva's early life based on the legends around Puri.
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staking a claim. This had led to a bitter feud between people on both sides that lasted for over a century. The issue is still debated by scholars.
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534:' are only found in Odisha, and are not found to be in use anywhere else. From these musicological points it is very clear that Jayadeva is Odia.
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as his birthplace, a location in Birbhum, where a traditional Baul festival is held each year, was identified to have been the original
467:. A. K. Tripathy, an eminent scholar on Jayadeva, and P. C. Tripathy point out that the poet could never have walked daily to the river
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river upon whose banks is situated the Kenduli village near Puri. Jayadeva's hymns refer to the ocean using the Sanskrit word "
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temples, temples erected by Odia monarchs, are believed to establish the linkage between Jayadeva and the dancing families of
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569:. The songs of the Gitagovinda are set to talas such as Rupaka, Nihsara, Jati, Astatala and Ekatali which are included in
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and lithographs of that era have revealed the poet's Odia origin. The worship of the Hindu deity, Krishna, in the form of
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118:
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A Descriptive Catalogue of Sanskrit Manuscripts of Orissa, in the Collection of the Orissa State Museum, Bhubaneswar
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434:, contain elaborate descriptions of the poet's birth taking place near the Jagannath Dham in Utkala. Another book,
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242:. It has been pointed out that the Gita Govinda's influence outside Odisha is most felt in the southern states of
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Jayadeva's Gitagovinda forms an inextricable part of Odissi classical music. The ragas used by Jayadeva such as
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and this has been independently observed by several scholars as an indication of the poet's Odia origin. Pt.
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Furthermore, scholars maintain that accounts by numerous medieval authors, such as Chandra Dutta of
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885:"Musical Saints of India: Excerpts from a musical discourse on Bhakta Jayadeva and Gita Govindam"
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Thomas Donaldson, a scholar of architecture and sculpture of Odisha, remarks on the controversy:
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specified by Jayadeva's hymns. Jayadeva was a devotee of Krishna, and Krishna in the form of
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A few earlier accounts by Bengali writers had linked Jayadeva to the famous king of Bengal
1214:. Vol. II. Bhubaneswar, Odisha: Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Orissa.
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916:"Saints of India Excerpts on a musician discourses on Bhakta Jayadeva and Gita Govindam"
1381:. Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.
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404:
243:
1780:
732:
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Chatterji, Suniti Kumar (1973). "Jayadeva - claimed by Bengal, Orissa and Mithila".
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Jayadeva has composed this illustrious Gitagovinda as per the specifications of the
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Sri Jayadeva's Gita Govinda : with illustrations and commentary by Dhananjaya
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by Madhaba Patnaik, who lived in the sixteenth century and was contemporaneous to
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tells us that Jayadeva had been a member of the teaching faculty of the school at
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545:. Musicologist Kirtan Narayan Parhi affirms this, with special reference to the
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Ancient stone idol of Jayadeba at Akhandaleswara Temple, Prataparudrapura, Odisha
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329:, which was over three centuries after the era of Jayadeva. Inscription at the
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Stories of Indian Saints: Translation of Mahipati's Marathi poem Bhakta-Vijaya
765:Śrī Gītagovindamahākāvyam (with Sarvāngasundarī and Śrutiranjanī commentaries)
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646:
251:
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477:
426:, that Jayadeva's native village was very close to Puri. The Assamese text,
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718:
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Malla, Dr. Bhagyalipi, ed. (2008). "Introduction - Dr. Bhagyalipi Malla".
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describes Jayadeva as a "Brahman of Bengal", who lived between 1201–1245.
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317:, argue that the archaeological records, including temple inscriptions,
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composed by Jayadeva is one of the popular themes in the traditional
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649:(1926) that Jayadev was born in Kendooli, Birbhum district, Bengal.
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Longing and Sexuality in Europe, South Asia, and Japan, 900-1200 CE
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254:, where verses of the poet's work have been incorporated into the
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279:
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Paṭṭanāyaka, Mādhaba (1986). Acharya, Brundaban Chandra (ed.).
947:"Dressing Lord Jagannatha in Silk: Cloth, Clothes, and Status"
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The April 16, 2007 episode of the popular Indian TV game show
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support Odisha as the poet's birthplace. The poet Mahipati of
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991:"Sri Jayadev's Music and Its Impact on the Culture of Odisha"
1162:"Sri Jagannath Temple: The Nerve Centre of Odishian Culture"
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which is 36 miles away from the Bengali village, unlike the
1457:] (in Odia). Bhubaneswar, Odisha: Smt. Bhagabati Panda.
1406:. Bhubaneswar, Odisha: Odisha State Museum. pp. 12–19.
763:Śrī Jayadeva, Kaviraja (1985). Panda, Dr. Bhagaban (ed.).
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is a name for villages that traditionally were centers of
1539:"Scholars provide new twist to Jayadev birth controversy"
1128:"Jagannatha Puri as a Centre of Culture Through the Ages"
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is the central deity of Odisha, whereas the female deity
1492:. India: Maxcurious Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 383.
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Postage stamps commemorating Jayadeva's birth in Odisha
767:. Bhubaneswar, Odisha: Directorate of Culture, Odisha.
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Supporters of Odisha as his birthplace, including the
601:. These views originated from a single Bengali book,
442:, clearly mentions that the poet was born near Puri.
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classical dance forms respectively. It is Jayadeva's
1590:
Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: A-Devo, Volume 1
853:
Jayadeva and Gitagovinda in the Traditions of Orissa
190:, has been disputed, with the neighboring states of
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The birthplace of the twelfth-century Sanskrit poet
1695:"Wrong depiction of poet in TV shows irks scholars"
1087:"Historical Perspective of Saint Poet Sri Jayadev"
703:, that the poet popularized in his epic poem, the
1671:"Orissa wants KBC apology for wrong info on poet"
1615:"Odisha wants KBC apology for wrong info on poet"
1189:. B.R. Publishing Corporation. pp. 365–377.
1743:"Odisha CM releases postal stamp on poet Jaydev"
1421:"Poet Jaydev belonged to Orissa: Bengal scholar"
395:Handwritten palm leaf manuscript of Jayadeva's
868:"Influence of Gitagovinda on Orissa's Culture"
274:, the classical dance of Odisha. Traditional
8:
1727:. Chennai, India. 2009-07-28. Archived from
1703:. Chennai, India. 2007-05-02. Archived from
824:Pathy, Dinanath; Rath, Bijaya Kumar (2012).
798:. University of Chicago Press. p. 257.
1274:(in Odia). Sambalpur: Pradeep Publications.
1246:. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
1111:"Panoramic palmleaf manuscripts of Odisha"
48:. Please do not remove this message until
1719:"Commemorative stamp on Jayadev released"
625:Shrila Bhaktivinoda Thakur writes in his
613:. Since Jayadeva mentions the village of
270:s that are sung in dance performances of
170:Learn how and when to remove this message
68:Learn how and when to remove this message
1377:Tripathy, A. K.; P. C. Tripathy (2006).
1242:Abbott, Justin E.; N.R. Godbole (1999).
390:
44:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1646:"Odisha to file complaint against Star"
1353:"Shreekshetra Utsav: The Puri festival"
1056:"Eminent literary luminaries of Odisha"
748:
1299:
658:The Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature
375:Evidence based on medieval manuscripts
106:Please improve this article by adding
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450:Evidence from Jayadeva's own writings
384:by Udayana Acharya (AD 1190) and the
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1566:Gurshabad ratnakar : mahan kosh
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512:Mangala Gujjari, Baradi, Desa Baradi
359:, who held sway during the reign of
489:Various scholars have analysed the
198:in eastern India and the region of
1187:Kamadeva's Pleasure Garden: Orissa
14:
1563:Nabha, Kahan Singh Bhai. (1995).
1285:Tripathy, Ajit Kumar (May 2012).
1490:The Classicality of Orissi Music
963:Citaristi, Ileana (2022-10-06).
717:
549:s referred to by Jayadeva :
223:in Odisha where the Hindu deity
84:
23:
1592:. Sahitya Akademi. p. 79.
1379:The Gita Govinda of Sri Jayadev
689:
1613:Mishra, Sandeep (2007-04-22).
1423:. 6 March 2007. Archived from
1:
1455:Notations of the Gita Govinda
1306:: CS1 maint: date and year (
1185:Donaldson, Thomas E. (1987).
1145:"Sanskrit Scholars of Orissa"
779:"Bengalis had a Jayadeva too"
108:secondary or tertiary sources
1210:Mahapatra, Kedarnath (ed.).
966:Odissi and the Geeta Govinda
686:call a "historical humbug".
449:
430:as well as the Telugu text,
403:Gopalakrusna Pattanayaka of
294:is prominent in Bengal. The
119:"Jayadeva birth controversy"
1469:"A Cult to Salvage Mankind"
1451:Sri Gita Gobinda Swara Lipi
1287:"Madhav Patnaik on Jayadev"
645:writes in his Encyclopedia
589:a, the fourth ruler of the
559:Ardhamagadhi padasrita Giti
457:Kendubilva Samudra Sambhava
388:by Kaviraja Narayana Dasa."
50:conditions to do so are met
1818:
542:Love Song of the Dark Lord
514:are found only in Orissan
1768:"Postal stamp on Jayadev"
1486:Parhi, Dr. Kirtan Narayan
611:Asiatic Society of Bengal
1514:"The temples of Birbhum"
1271:
969:. Taylor & Francis.
627:Navadvipa-dhama-mahatmya
1588:Datta, Amaresh (1987).
1025:"The cult of Jagannath"
1008:"The lord and his land"
792:Reddy, William (2012).
315:Odisha state government
309:Archaeological evidence
1797:Controversies in India
1745:. 2009. Archived from
1679:. 2007. Archived from
1648:. 2007. Archived from
1569:. National Book Shop.
1327:. 2006. Archived from
1092:. 2006. Archived from
1061:. 2004. Archived from
1030:. 2003. Archived from
921:. 2003. Archived from
890:. 2003. Archived from
827:Gītagovinda and Odisha
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563:Bhinna Svarasrita Giti
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485:Musicological evidence
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215:
95:relies excessively on
1322:"Hymns to Jagannatha"
683:Kaun Banega Crorepati
678:Kaun Banega Crorepati
669:Kaun Banega Crorepati
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432:Sanskrita Kavi Jivani
428:Sampradaya Kula Dipak
394:
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319:palm leaf manuscripts
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1447:Panda, Gopal Chandra
1427:on 27 September 2007
555:Udramagadhi Pravrtti
401:Odissi musician-poet
781:. 11 December 2001.
641:Sikh encyclopedist
567:Nava Talasrita Giti
504:Gopal Chandra Panda
436:Vaishnava Lilamruta
422:writes in his book
37:of this article is
1676:The Times of India
1620:The Times of India
1269:Baiṣṇaba Lilāmṛuta
1231:. Sahitya Akademi.
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1792:Indian literature
976:978-1-000-78098-7
837:978-93-81523-50-6
597:ruler of unified
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647:Mahan Kosh
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97:references
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1787:Jayadeva
1488:(2017).
1449:(1995).
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711:See also
671:faux pas
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532:Astatali
528:chaupadi
184:Jayadeva
39:disputed
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