193:, test Newton's law of gravity at short distances and measure the strength of gravity. The latter measurement consisted of an instrument that held a thin plate by a tungsten filament inside a high vacuum. This torsion balance was mounted on a turntable, inside an outer turntable with two spherical field masses facing each other. Compared to previous experiments with dumbbell-shaped pendulums on a torsion wire, the Gundlach's measurement was not limited by how well the mass distribution of the pendulum was known. Additionally, the inner turntable was rotated in feedback exactly so that the torsion thread was not twisted, despite the gravitational deceleration and acceleration by the masses on the outer turntable. The inner turntable's regulated rotation eliminated uncertainties from the inelasticity of the torsion thread which had plagued previous measurements. In another experiment, Gundlach and his colleagues conducted the first test of the
327:. In his bio-research he has pioneered nanopore sequencing technology. In 2008 his group demonstrated that a mutated version of the biological nanopore MspA could pass DNA and that it had the desired shape to identify individual nucleotides in single-stranded DNA. In 2012 The Gundlach group demonstrated functional nanopore sequencing using MspA and an enzyme to control the passage of the DNA through the pore. His group is now using their nanopore technology as a single-molecule tool to study how enzymes process along DNA or RNA.
186:, which might cause deviations from Newtonian gravity, depend on material properties and violate the equivalence principle. At the University of Washington, Gundlach was from 1993 to 1998 an assistant professor and from 1998 to 2004 an associate professor with promotion to full professor in 2004. He has been a member of the University of Washington's Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics since its founding in 2000.
25:
367:
338:(APS). In 2009 he was elected a fellow of the APS in recognition of his "contributions to precision mechanical measurements and our quantitative understanding of the strength of gravity". In 2021 he received, jointly with Eric Adelberger and Blayne Heckel, the
1494:
Derrington Laszlo, Ian M.; Craig, Jonathan M.; Stava, Eric; Laszlo, Andrew H.; Ross, Brian C.; Brinkerhoff, Henry; Tickman, Benjamin I.; Ronaghi, Mostafa; Mandell, Jeffrey G.; Gunderson, Kevin L.; Gundlach, Jens H. (2015).
1089:
Derrington Laszlo, Ian M.; Craig, Jonathan M.; Stava, Eric; Laszlo, Andrew H.; Ross, Brian C.; Brinkerhoff, Henry; Tickman, Benjamin I.; Ronaghi, Mostafa; Mandell, Jeffrey G.; Gunderson, Kevin L.; Gundlach, Jens H. (2015).
575:
Hoyle, C. D.; Schmidt, U.; Heckel, B. R.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, J. H.; Kapner, D. J.; Swanson, H. E. (2001). "Submillimeter Test of the
Gravitational Inverse-Square Law: A Search for "Large" Extra Dimensions".
320:, the planned satellite-based laser interferometric gravitational-wave detector, and has performed ultra-weak force measurements with the laser interferometers for gravitational-wave detection.
1445:
Manrao, Elizabeth A.; Derrington, Ian M.; Laszlo, Andrew H.; Langford, Kyle W.; Hopper, Matthew K.; Gillgren, Nathaniel; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2012).
993:
Manrao, Elizabeth A.; Derrington, Ian M.; Laszlo, Andrew H.; Langford, Kyle W.; Hopper, Matthew K.; Gillgren, Nathaniel; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2012).
632:
Hoyle, C. D.; Kapner, D. J.; Heckel, B. R.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, J. H.; Schmidt, U.; Swanson, H. E. (2004). "Submillimeter tests of the gravitational inverse-square law".
1036:
Laszlo, Andrew H.; Derrington, Ian M.; Brinkerhoff, Henry; Langford, Kyle W.; Nova, Ian C.; Samson, Jenny Mae; Bartlett, Joshua J.; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Gundlach, Jens H. (2013).
225:
491:
Baeßler, S.; Heckel, B. R.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, J. H.; Schmidt, U.; Swanson, H. E. (1999). "Improved Test of the
Equivalence Principle for Gravitational Self-Energy".
1562:
1633:
1678:
307:
282:
245:
774:
Schlamminger, S.; Choi, K.-Y.; Wagner, T. A.; Gundlach, J. H.; Adelberger, E. G. (2008). "Test of the
Equivalence Principle Using a Rotating Torsion Balance".
415:
Su, Y.; Heckel, B. R.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, J. H.; Harris, M.; Smith, G. L.; Swanson, H. E. (1994). "New tests of the universality of free fall".
452:
Smith, G. L.; Hoyle, C. D.; Gundlach, J. H.; Adelberger, E. G.; Heckel, B. R.; Swanson, H. E. (1999). "Short-range tests of the equivalence principle".
1133:
Shaw, E. A.; Ross, M. P.; Hagedorn, C. A.; Adelberger, E. G.; Gundlach, J. H. (2022). "Torsion-balance search for ultra low-mass bosonic dark matter".
1643:
339:
1638:
182:, Gundlach did research in experimental gravitational physics. With his colleagues he searched for the confirmation or refutation of a hypothetical
1668:
1663:
1648:
1544:
520:
Gundlach, Jens H.; Merkowitz, Stephen M. (2000). "Measurement of Newton's
Constant Using a Torsion Balance with Angular Acceleration Feedback".
1282:
Arkani-Hamed, Nima; Dimopoulos, Savas; Kaloper, Nemanja; Sundrum, Raman (2000). "A small cosmological constant from a large extra dimension".
939:
Derrington, Ian M.; Butler, Tom Z.; Collins, Marcus D.; Manrao, Elizabeth; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2010).
1683:
1653:
317:
108:
830:
Pollack, S. E.; Schlamminger, S.; Gundlach, J. H. (2008). "Temporal Extent of
Surface Potentials between Closely Spaced Metals".
381:
377:
89:
1582:"Breakthrough Prize – Winners Of The 2021 Breakthrough Prizes In Life Sciences, Fundamental Physics And Mathematics Announced"
61:
46:
39:
1658:
166:. He received his doctorate there in 1990 under the supervision of Kurt Snover (1943–2021) with a dissertation entitled
68:
679:
Gundlach, J. H.; Schlamminger, S.; Spitzer, C. D.; Choi, K.-Y.; Woodahl, B. A.; Coy, J. J.; Fischbach, E. (2007).
75:
335:
163:
57:
393:
331:
35:
1628:
263:
179:
1673:
256:
196:
190:
178:
at the
University of Washington from 1990 to 1993. As a member of the Eöt-Wash Group, named in honor of
1386:
Butler, Tom Z.; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Derrington, Ian M.; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2008).
1211:
885:
Butler, Tom Z.; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Derrington, Ian M.; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2008).
720:
Butler, Tom Z.; Pavlenok, Mikhail; Derrington, Ian M.; Niederweis, Michael; Gundlach, Jens H. (2008).
1623:
1399:
1358:
1301:
1152:
1049:
952:
898:
849:
793:
733:
692:
651:
595:
539:
500:
471:
424:
342:
for “precision fundamental measurements that test our understanding of gravity, probe the nature of
141:
1447:"Reading DNA at single-nucleotide resolution with a mutant MspA nanopore and phi29 DNA polymerase"
995:"Reading DNA at single-nucleotide resolution with a mutant MspA nanopore and phi29 DNA polymerase"
1348:
1317:
1291:
1246:
1168:
1142:
873:
839:
817:
783:
667:
641:
619:
585:
563:
529:
461:
247:
in the 50 micron range. In this range, according to various large extradimensional theories by
1526:
1476:
1427:
1121:
1077:
1024:
980:
926:
865:
809:
761:
708:
611:
555:
440:
248:
82:
1193:
1516:
1508:
1466:
1458:
1417:
1407:
1366:
1309:
1238:
1160:
1111:
1103:
1067:
1057:
1014:
1006:
970:
960:
916:
906:
857:
801:
751:
741:
700:
659:
603:
547:
508:
479:
432:
168:
Shapes of excited rotating medium-mass nuclei determined from giant dipole resonance decays
1038:"Detection and mapping of 5-methylcytosine and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine with nanopore MspA"
171:
1403:
1362:
1305:
1156:
1053:
956:
902:
853:
797:
737:
696:
655:
599:
543:
504:
475:
428:
1521:
1496:
1471:
1446:
1422:
1387:
1116:
1091:
1072:
1037:
1019:
994:
975:
940:
921:
886:
756:
721:
292:
267:
230:
1313:
251:
and other string theorists, possibilities begin to occur for discrepancies caused by 4
1617:
1250:
1172:
175:
1321:
877:
821:
671:
623:
567:
861:
805:
680:
1242:
704:
1164:
607:
551:
512:
347:
343:
183:
125:
24:
663:
483:
1602:
324:
1497:"Subangstrom single-molecule measurements of motor proteins using a nanopore"
1092:"Subangstrom single-molecule measurements of motor proteins using a nanopore"
436:
1412:
1062:
965:
911:
746:
285:
with a new torsion balance technique that he had developed. Since 2006, the
1530:
1480:
1431:
1125:
1081:
1028:
984:
930:
869:
813:
765:
712:
615:
559:
444:
137:
1371:
1336:
1229:
Kicińska-Habior, Marta (2022). "In
Memoriam: Kurt A. Snover (1943–2021)".
1581:
1388:"Single-molecule DNA detection with an engineered MspA protein nanopore"
887:"Single-molecule DNA detection with an engineered MspA protein nanopore"
722:"Single-molecule DNA detection with an engineered MspA protein nanopore"
1353:
1296:
646:
590:
534:
255:
gravity (or even higher dimensional gravitational theories) without a
1512:
1462:
1107:
1010:
286:
150:
170:. As a postdoc he was a research associate under the supervision of
1147:
466:
189:
In the Eöt-Wash Group, Gundlach built torsion balances to test the
1265:"Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics (CENPA)"
844:
788:
1264:
681:"Laboratory Test of Newton's Second Law for Small Accelerations"
313:
1571:(search on year=2009 and institution=University of Washington)
360:
18:
1603:"Jens H Gundlach - Professor in the UW Department of Physics"
136:
His father was Gerd
Gundlach, a biochemistry professor in
1545:"2001 Francis M. Pipkin Award Recipient, Jens H. Gundlach"
389:
295:
270:
233:
199:
301:
276:
239:
227:form of the gravitational force down to values of
219:
1392:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1042:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
945:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
891:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
726:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
323:Since about 2002 Gundlach has done research in
8:
1335:Satheeshkumar, V. H.; Suresh, P. K. (2011).
262:In 2000 Gundlach succeeded in measuring the
1609:. WSSA Wastudentscience. December 22, 2013.
1634:Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz alumni
1520:
1470:
1421:
1411:
1370:
1352:
1295:
1146:
1115:
1071:
1061:
1018:
974:
964:
920:
910:
843:
787:
755:
745:
645:
589:
533:
465:
340:Breakthrough Prize in Fundamental Physics
318:LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna)
294:
269:
232:
209:
200:
198:
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1679:Fellows of the American Physical Society
392:by adding descriptive text and removing
162:he studied for a year in Seattle at the
1185:
346:, and establish limits on couplings to
140:. Jens Gundlach studied physics at the
353:He is married and has three children.
45:Please improve this article by adding
309:is mostly based on this measurement.
7:
1337:"Gravity and Large Extra Dimensions"
941:"Nanopore DNA sequencing with MspA"
220:{\displaystyle {\frac {1}{r^{2}}}}
14:
1644:University of Washington faculty
365:
23:
1639:University of Washington alumni
1669:21st-century German physicists
1664:20th-century German physicists
1649:German experimental physicists
862:10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.071101
806:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.041101
330:Gundlach received in 2001 the
1:
1314:10.1016/S0370-2693(00)00359-2
1243:10.1080/10619127.2022.2029319
705:10.1103/PhysRevLett.98.150801
47:secondary or tertiary sources
1165:10.1103/PhysRevD.105.042007
608:10.1103/PhysRevLett.86.1418
552:10.1103/PhysRevLett.85.2869
513:10.1103/PhysRevLett.83.3585
1700:
664:10.1103/PhysRevD.70.042004
484:10.1103/PhysRevD.61.022001
1654:German nuclear physicists
1567:American Physical Society
1549:American Physical Society
336:American Physical Society
128:) is a German physicist.
1684:Scientists from Würzburg
1269:University of Washington
437:10.1103/PhysRevD.50.3614
164:University of Washington
1413:10.1073/pnas.0807514106
1212:"Obituary. Kurt Snover"
1063:10.1073/pnas.1310240110
966:10.1073/pnas.1001831107
912:10.1073/pnas.0807514106
832:Physical Review Letters
776:Physical Review Letters
747:10.1073/pnas.0807514106
685:Physical Review Letters
578:Physical Review Letters
522:Physical Review Letters
493:Physical Review Letters
394:less pertinent examples
332:Francis M. Pipkin Award
264:gravitational constant
303:
278:
241:
221:
34:relies excessively on
1586:breakthroughprize.org
1341:Advances in Astronomy
357:Selected publications
304:
279:
257:cosmological constant
242:
222:
191:equivalence principle
1659:German biophysicists
1563:"APS Fellow Archive"
1501:Nature Biotechnology
1451:Nature Biotechnology
1231:Nuclear Physics News
1096:Nature Biotechnology
999:Nature Biotechnology
989:(over 550 citations)
935:(over 500 citations)
826:(over 700 citations)
770:(over 500 citations)
628:(over 550 citations)
293:
268:
231:
197:
1404:2008PNAS..10520647B
1398:(52): 20647–20652.
1372:10.1155/2011/189379
1363:2011AdAst2011E..14S
1306:2000PhLB..480..193A
1157:2022PhRvD.105d2007S
1054:2013PNAS..11018904L
1048:(47): 18904–18909.
957:2010PNAS..10716060D
951:(37): 16060–16065.
903:2008PNAS..10520647B
897:(52): 20647–20652.
854:2008PhRvL.101g1101P
798:2008PhRvL.100d1101S
738:2008PNAS..10520647B
732:(52): 20647–20652.
697:2007PhRvL..98o0801G
656:2004PhRvD..70d2004H
600:2001PhRvL..86.1418H
544:2000PhRvL..85.2869G
505:1999PhRvL..83.3585B
476:1999PhRvD..61b2001S
429:1994PhRvD..50.3614S
390:improve the article
158:in 1986. After the
142:University of Mainz
122:Jens Horst Gundlach
1218:. January 2, 2022.
1194:"Jens H. Gundlach"
312:He is a member of
299:
274:
237:
217:
58:"Jens H. Gundlach"
1507:(47): 1073–1075.
1284:Physics Letters B
1216:The Seattle Times
1135:Physical Review D
1102:(47): 1073–1075.
634:Physical Review D
528:(14): 2869–2872.
499:(18): 3585–3588.
454:Physical Review D
417:Physical Review D
411:
410:
302:{\displaystyle G}
277:{\displaystyle G}
249:Nima Arkani-Hamed
240:{\displaystyle r}
215:
119:
118:
111:
93:
1691:
1610:
1590:
1589:
1578:
1572:
1570:
1559:
1553:
1552:
1541:
1535:
1534:
1524:
1513:10.1038/nbt.3357
1491:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1463:10.1038/nbt.2171
1442:
1436:
1435:
1425:
1415:
1383:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1356:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1299:
1290:(1–2): 193–199.
1279:
1273:
1272:
1261:
1255:
1254:
1226:
1220:
1219:
1208:
1202:
1201:
1190:
1176:
1150:
1129:
1119:
1108:10.1038/nbt.3357
1085:
1075:
1065:
1032:
1022:
1011:10.1038/nbt.2171
988:
978:
968:
934:
924:
914:
881:
847:
825:
791:
769:
759:
749:
716:
675:
649:
627:
593:
584:(8): 1418–1421.
571:
537:
516:
487:
469:
448:
423:(6): 3614–3636.
406:
403:
397:
369:
368:
361:
308:
306:
305:
300:
283:
281:
280:
275:
246:
244:
243:
238:
226:
224:
223:
218:
216:
214:
213:
201:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
16:German physicist
1699:
1698:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1614:
1613:
1601:
1598:
1593:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1561:
1560:
1556:
1543:
1542:
1538:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1444:
1443:
1439:
1385:
1384:
1380:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1281:
1280:
1276:
1263:
1262:
1258:
1228:
1227:
1223:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1192:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1132:
1088:
1035:
992:
938:
884:
829:
773:
719:
678:
631:
574:
519:
490:
451:
414:
407:
401:
398:
387:
370:
366:
359:
291:
290:
266:
265:
229:
228:
205:
195:
194:
172:Eric Adelberger
134:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
44:
40:primary sources
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1697:
1695:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1641:
1636:
1631:
1626:
1616:
1615:
1612:
1611:
1597:
1596:External links
1594:
1592:
1591:
1573:
1554:
1536:
1486:
1457:(4): 349–353.
1437:
1378:
1354:hep-th/0606194
1327:
1297:hep-th/0001197
1274:
1256:
1221:
1203:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1177:
1130:
1086:
1033:
1005:(4): 349–353.
990:
936:
882:
827:
771:
717:
691:(15): 150801.
676:
647:hep-ph/0405262
629:
591:hep-ph/0011014
572:
517:
488:
449:
409:
408:
373:
371:
364:
358:
355:
298:
273:
236:
212:
208:
204:
154:) in 1982 and
148:(intermediate
133:
130:
124:(born 1961 in
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1696:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1662:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1650:
1647:
1645:
1642:
1640:
1637:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1629:Living people
1627:
1625:
1622:
1621:
1619:
1608:
1604:
1600:
1599:
1595:
1587:
1583:
1577:
1574:
1568:
1564:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1546:
1540:
1537:
1532:
1528:
1523:
1518:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1502:
1498:
1490:
1487:
1482:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1456:
1452:
1448:
1441:
1438:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1379:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1360:
1355:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1331:
1328:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1289:
1285:
1278:
1275:
1270:
1266:
1260:
1257:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1225:
1222:
1217:
1213:
1207:
1204:
1199:
1195:
1189:
1186:
1180:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1149:
1144:
1141:(4): 042007.
1140:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1021:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
986:
982:
977:
972:
967:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
942:
937:
932:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
904:
900:
896:
892:
888:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
846:
841:
838:(7): 071101.
837:
833:
828:
823:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
785:
782:(4): 041101.
781:
777:
772:
767:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
718:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
677:
673:
669:
665:
661:
657:
653:
648:
643:
640:(4): 042004.
639:
635:
630:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
592:
587:
583:
579:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
536:
535:gr-qc/0006043
531:
527:
523:
518:
514:
510:
506:
502:
498:
494:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
468:
463:
460:(2): 022001.
459:
455:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
430:
426:
422:
418:
413:
412:
405:
395:
391:
385:
383:
379:
374:This section
372:
363:
362:
356:
354:
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
328:
326:
321:
319:
315:
310:
296:
288:
284:
271:
260:
258:
254:
250:
234:
210:
206:
202:
192:
187:
185:
181:
180:Loránd Eötvös
177:
176:Blayne Heckel
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
139:
131:
129:
127:
123:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
42:
41:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1674:Metrologists
1606:
1585:
1576:
1566:
1557:
1548:
1539:
1504:
1500:
1489:
1454:
1450:
1440:
1395:
1391:
1381:
1344:
1340:
1330:
1287:
1283:
1277:
1268:
1259:
1234:
1230:
1224:
1215:
1206:
1198:Physics Tree
1197:
1188:
1138:
1134:
1099:
1095:
1045:
1041:
1002:
998:
948:
944:
894:
890:
835:
831:
779:
775:
729:
725:
688:
684:
637:
633:
581:
577:
525:
521:
496:
492:
457:
453:
420:
416:
399:
388:Please help
376:may contain
375:
352:
329:
322:
311:
261:
252:
188:
167:
159:
155:
149:
145:
135:
121:
120:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
33:
1624:1961 births
348:dark matter
344:dark energy
184:fifth force
1618:Categories
1181:References
1148:2109.08822
467:2405.10982
382:irrelevant
325:biophysics
289:value for
69:newspapers
36:references
1251:247980074
1173:237571682
845:0806.4765
789:0712.0607
402:July 2023
378:excessive
160:Vordiplom
146:Vordiplom
132:Biography
99:July 2023
1531:26414351
1481:22446694
1432:19098105
1347:: 1–12.
1322:17949423
1126:26414351
1082:24167255
1029:22446694
985:20798343
931:19098105
878:35364537
870:18764520
822:18653407
814:18352252
766:19098105
713:17501332
672:15002909
624:36937560
616:11290157
568:15206636
560:11005956
445:10018005
384:examples
126:Würzburg
1607:YouTube
1522:4915380
1472:3757088
1423:2634888
1400:Bibcode
1359:Bibcode
1302:Bibcode
1153:Bibcode
1117:4915380
1073:3839702
1050:Bibcode
1020:3757088
976:2941267
953:Bibcode
922:2634888
899:Bibcode
850:Bibcode
794:Bibcode
757:2634888
734:Bibcode
693:Bibcode
652:Bibcode
596:Bibcode
540:Bibcode
501:Bibcode
472:Bibcode
425:Bibcode
334:of the
83:scholar
1529:
1519:
1479:
1469:
1430:
1420:
1320:
1249:
1237:: 39.
1171:
1124:
1114:
1080:
1070:
1027:
1017:
983:
973:
929:
919:
876:
868:
820:
812:
764:
754:
711:
670:
622:
614:
566:
558:
443:
287:CODATA
156:Diplom
151:Diplom
138:Gießen
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1349:arXiv
1318:S2CID
1292:arXiv
1247:S2CID
1169:S2CID
1143:arXiv
874:S2CID
840:arXiv
818:S2CID
784:arXiv
668:S2CID
642:arXiv
620:S2CID
586:arXiv
564:S2CID
530:arXiv
462:arXiv
144:with
90:JSTOR
76:books
1527:PMID
1477:PMID
1428:PMID
1345:2011
1122:PMID
1078:PMID
1025:PMID
981:PMID
927:PMID
866:PMID
810:PMID
762:PMID
709:PMID
612:PMID
556:PMID
441:PMID
316:and
314:LIGO
174:and
62:news
1517:PMC
1509:doi
1467:PMC
1459:doi
1418:PMC
1408:doi
1396:105
1367:doi
1310:doi
1288:480
1239:doi
1161:doi
1139:105
1112:PMC
1104:doi
1068:PMC
1058:doi
1046:110
1015:PMC
1007:doi
971:PMC
961:doi
949:107
917:PMC
907:doi
895:105
858:doi
836:101
802:doi
780:100
752:PMC
742:doi
730:105
701:doi
660:doi
604:doi
548:doi
509:doi
480:doi
433:doi
380:or
350:."
38:to
1620::
1605:.
1584:.
1565:.
1547:.
1525:.
1515:.
1505:10
1503:.
1499:.
1475:.
1465:.
1455:30
1453:.
1449:.
1426:.
1416:.
1406:.
1394:.
1390:.
1365:.
1357:.
1343:.
1339:.
1316:.
1308:.
1300:.
1286:.
1267:.
1245:.
1235:32
1233:.
1214:.
1196:.
1167:.
1159:.
1151:.
1137:.
1120:.
1110:.
1100:10
1098:.
1094:.
1076:.
1066:.
1056:.
1044:.
1040:.
1023:.
1013:.
1003:30
1001:.
997:.
979:.
969:.
959:.
947:.
943:.
925:.
915:.
905:.
893:.
889:.
872:.
864:.
856:.
848:.
834:.
816:.
808:.
800:.
792:.
778:.
760:.
750:.
740:.
728:.
724:.
707:.
699:.
689:98
687:.
683:.
666:.
658:.
650:.
638:70
636:.
618:.
610:.
602:.
594:.
582:86
580:.
562:.
554:.
546:.
538:.
526:85
524:.
507:.
497:83
495:.
478:.
470:.
458:61
456:.
439:.
431:.
421:50
419:.
259:.
49:.
1588:.
1569:.
1551:.
1533:.
1511::
1483:.
1461::
1434:.
1410::
1402::
1375:.
1369::
1361::
1351::
1324:.
1312::
1304::
1294::
1271:.
1253:.
1241::
1200:.
1175:.
1163::
1155::
1145::
1128:.
1106::
1084:.
1060::
1052::
1031:.
1009::
987:.
963::
955::
933:.
909::
901::
880:.
860::
852::
842::
824:.
804::
796::
786::
768:.
744::
736::
715:.
703::
695::
674:.
662::
654::
644::
626:.
606::
598::
588::
570:.
550::
542::
532::
515:.
511::
503::
486:.
482::
474::
464::
447:.
435::
427::
404:)
400:(
396:.
386:.
297:G
272:G
253:D
235:r
211:2
207:r
203:1
112:)
106:(
101:)
97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
43:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.