375:, as a ska version of the Motown label, the main label that kick started the ska revival of the late 1970s/1980s. Dammers got graphic artists to produce specific art for the label, including the iconic man in the suit graphic, which was based on a photo of reggae musician Peter Tosh. The label was a sub-label of Chrysalis Records, but still independent. The era saw a lot of racism, and 2 Tone Records was a bulwark against that, celebrating racial unity and combating the rise of the National Front. The whole two-tone scene took off, and the label released early singles that would end up becoming major hits for bands including
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bringing enough light onto apartheid that it was a factor in the end of the regime. He got into a lot of debt, and towards the end of the label he had to stop recording because of a lack of funds. Dammers finally shut down the label in 1985, seven years after it was founded, though the message of racial unity imparted to its many followers had a positive effect on society.
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movement was formed at the same time. He also saw the
Specials as an opportunity to integrate white and black people through the same music, and he picked members to make the band multi-racial. Until this time, white British people mainly played rock, blues and jazz, while black British people played
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in silver award, a national honour, for his role in the anti-apartheid movement (received In April 2014, Dammers received). "It feels fantastic. It is a real honour to be considered for this, especially when I compare what little I did to the work of those who sacrificed their lives, I am humbled,"
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However, by 1984 the
Special AKA were the main artist on the label, and Dammers was the only original member left. Dammers almost destroyed the label through the cost of the release of the Special AKA album, but was saved when the single "Free Nelson Mandela" became huge internationally, while also
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among others, his push for the punk ska cross genre of music that the
Specials had played, and his suggestions for the adoption of retro 1960s mod/rude boy clothes were a key element in starting the ska revival of the late 1970s and the two tone ska/punk sound specifically.
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But
Dammers held out for a label deal, for 2-tone as an entity, and got one from Chrysalis. The alliance between the major label and the Coventry independent required Chrysalis to fund the recording of fifteen 2-tone singles a year and release at least
281:. He had written songs in his teens, and his idea in forming the Specials was that it would combine reggae and punk. He formed the band, initially called the Coventry Automatics, with vocalist Tim Strickland, guitarist/vocalist
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Dammers has been recognised widely by his peers and music critics for his role in making ska music popular in the 1980s, his creation of ska/punk fusion, and for his role in race relations and the anti apartheid movement.
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to join. Hall was performing vocals with Squad and Roddy
Radiation, both of whom were part of the local Coventry punk scene. Dammers has said that anti-racism was a key element of the band, and the
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254:. Frustrated at only doing covers, Dammers was asked to leave the Cissy Stone Soul band, and then played keyboards with Hard Top 22, a reggae band that had many members who would later become
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album. The song "Merry Go Round" contains the lyrics "He says, 'What I like most about you, Pete/Is your girlfriend and your shoes.'" Those who have recorded songs written by
Dammers include
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editor Dylan Jones noted that the
Specials differed from other ska bands at the time because of Dammers’ political messages in the Specials' lyrics. After talking their way onto a tour with
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with
Jamaican music, and his incorporation of 1960s retro clothing, Dammers is a pivotal figure of the ska revival. He has also been acknowledged in his work for racial unity.
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As a young lad, Dammers got thrown over the handlebars of his pushbike. This accident left him without his front teeth and his distinctive trade mark gappy smile.
234:. Dammers decided at the age of 10 he was going to have a band, and spent his teenage years learning music and writing songs. He played in a range of bands, from
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reggae, jazz, and soul. The
Specials was an opportunity to have black and white people in the same band, something not common at the time, through playing ska.
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Dammers at times attempted to rejoin the re-formed
Specials, but in 2008 he stated that things had not worked out, and his attempts were not welcome.
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He left India at the age of 2, first living in Sheffield, then moving to Coventry at the age of 10. His initial music influences were '60s bands like
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artists. The band generally features up to 20 musicians on stage, with Dammers asking various people to join, including established jazz musicians
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and the Selecter. The Selecter left the label, and Dammers strayed from the ska influence to bring jazz influences, most particularly on the album
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After some issues with Roddy Radiation not being able to play, Neville Staple, Terry Hall and Lynval Golding at this point left the band to form
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242:. Dammers had been a member of the Cissy Stone Soul Band, however he could not get them to play any of his work. He studied art at Coventry's
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156:(born 22 May 1955) is a British musician who was a founder, keyboard player and primary songwriter of the Coventry-based
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also featured in a number of shows. The band plays new material, as well as some of Dammers' Specials songs.
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354:, as it raised awareness of the issue, and became an anthem of the anti-apartheid movement in South Africa.
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in east London that featured paintings of bands and singers that had once been championed by the late
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concert, which Hollingsworth was contracted to produce, which was broadcast worldwide from London's
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Dammers has received a number of awards for his services to anti apartheid/human rights and music:
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1365:"Rereleases recall 2-Tone's special legacy: British label's trend-setting music is remembered"
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168:. Through his foundation of the record label Two Tone, his work blending political lyrics and
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and they became the first major act to agree to perform at the Anti-Apartheid Movement's
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campaigner, helping to create Artists Against Apartheid in the US, and writing the song "
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included a Dammers composition, "Too Much Too Young", on his personal compilation album
350:". Dammers then dissolved the band. "Free Nelson Mandela" had a role in the downfall of
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801:"American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers: Jeremy David Hounsell Dammers"
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and outer space-themed costumes, and share the stage with bizarre props such as model
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1530:"Jerry Dammers Discusses The Specials Reunion & New Project | Live4ever Media"
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magazine referred to him as "The Ska Punk Wizard", while the Clash's lead singer,
1660:"Tune in, mouth off, walk out. Q Awards show bad side of industry – News – Music"
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1151:(February 2006). "Chapter 14: Ghost Dance: 2-Tone and the ska resurrection".
934:"2 Tone Records Interview: 40 Years of 2 Tone Records - Classic Pop Magazine"
964:"'A blur of legs, arms and adrenaline': the astonishing history of two-tone"
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308:, then a better-known group, Dammers pushed the Specials to adopt the mod/
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499:, on 11 June 1988. That same year, he briefly played with the re-formed
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referred to it as "one of the most effective protest songs in history."
1716:"Various - Absolute Beginners (Songs From The Original Motion Picture)"
913:
Reynolds, Simon: "Rip It Up and Start Again", 2005, Faber & Faber,
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magazine referred to Dammers as the Paul McCartney/John Lennon of Ska.
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1071:"Jerry Dammers to be honoured in South Africa for Free Nelson Mandela"
1463:"Why The Specials' Jerry Dammers was the Lennon and McCartney of ska"
1017:"Why The Specials' Jerry Dammers was the Lennon and McCartney of ska"
832:"The Specials and the story of the UK's most remarkable chart-topper"
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444:' 1969 song, in aid of famine relief in Africa, featuring members of
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215:, which made him want to be in a band, and he was also influenced by
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magazine's Q Merit Award at London's Park Lane Hotel. (October 2000)
1578:"Zuma honours 'heroes' at National Orders ceremony | National"
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fashion sub-culture, and this look was copied by fans of the band.
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DJ Award, for his work with 2 Tone Records and the Specials (1979)
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1604:"Jerry Dammers gets South Africa honour for Free Nelson Mandela"
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Dammers was one of the founding members of ska revivalist band
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In November 2006, Dammers was awarded an honorary degree from
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1552:"Jerry Dammers: How The 'Devil's Chord' Split The Specials"
1098:"Music legend Jerry Dammers on special mission for Amnesty"
1043:"Jerry Dammers: How The 'Devil's Chord' Split The Specials"
761:
Absolute Beginners (Songs from the Original Motion Picture)
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on their single "I Pronounce You" and its attendant album,
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1123:"Jerry Dammers: The Specials drove me out of my own band"
2330:
Recipients of the Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo
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single, he organised the recording and release of the "
1691:"Jerry Dammers awarded Ivor Novello Inspiration Award"
667:. He contributed "Riot City" to the soundtrack of the
321:, which was successful, and then their second album,
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leader in South Africa. In 1985, in the wake of the
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Dammers' founding of 2 Tone Records, which launched
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People educated at King Henry VIII School, Coventry
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2016:
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1490:"Jerry Dammers: An Appreciation » We Are Cult"
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644:("What I Like Most About You Is Your Girlfriend").
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273:. Prior to the Specials, Dammers had played with
1744:"Various - Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute"
277:and other reggae musicians who would later form
2233:The Very Best of The Specials and Fun Boy Three
1513:Thrills, Adrian (1985) "International Rescue",
1191:"The Secret Ska History of a Little-Used Emoji"
576:organisation. In the same month, he attended a
521:, playing his own compositions and tributes to
1336:"40 years of 2 Tone - a personal recollection"
993:BBC's 2 Tone The Sound of Coventry documentary
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1154:Rip It Up and Start Again: Postpunk 1978–1984
164:(also known as the Special A.K.A.) and later
8:
2219:The Best of The Specials & Fun Boy Three
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342:The band changed its lineup and rebadged as
285:, drummer Silverton Hutchinson, and bassist
1633:"2 Tone founder awarded honorary doctorate"
748:Ivor Novello Inspiration Award (May 2014)
315:They released their eponymous first album,
226:in the 1960s while at school then became a
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346:, releasing another album and the single "
196:from 1973 to 1987. Jerry Dammers attended
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338:The Special AKA and "Free Nelson Mandela"
782:(VHS/Secam, CMV Enterprises 49011, 1989)
463:In early 1986, Dammers took part in the
2064:Too Much Too Young: The Gold Collection
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687:Dammers still regularly DJs in English
517:In 2006, Dammers started his new band,
721:Order of the Companions of O. R. Tambo
708:, referred to him as the Tzar of Ska.
2085:Stereo-Typical: A's, B's and Rarities
1358:
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1065:
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564:Work with other artists and solo work
7:
1576:Khulekani Magubane (28 April 2014).
1436:Team, Musical U. (30 October 2017).
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1009:
909:
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780:Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute
493:Nelson Mandela 70th Birthday Tribute
1412:"The Top Ten 2-Tone and Ska songs"
14:
2315:The Spatial AKA Orchestra members
1657:Lister, David (1 November 2000).
1334:Gray, Martin (15 November 2019).
1250:"Ska Revival – Nostalgia Central"
1217:"Ska Revivalists Enjoy a Revival"
1215:Prince, David J. (1 April 2010).
885:Spitz, Marc (28 September 2009).
1671:from the original on 8 June 2022
1387:"The Creation of 2-Tone Records"
34:
1519:, 2 February 1985, p. 22-23, 32
1306:"Label of love: 2 Tone Records"
1096:Young, Gary (26 January 2014).
771:(CD, Lo Editions LOCD-22, 2009)
1438:"An Introduction to Ska Music"
1:
2265:Alumni of Coventry University
1631:Sheffield Hallam University.
858:"The Jerry Dammers Interview"
767:"Solitary Tower" (3:50) – on
151:Jeremy David Hounsell Dammers
56:Jeremy David Hounsell Dammers
1979:Guilty 'til Proved Innocent!
1730:"Various - Monsterism Night"
1363:Pride, D (30 October 1993).
887:"The Oral History of 2 Tone"
774:"Free Nelson Mandela" (with
677:, and "Brightlights" to the
541:. They perform in elaborate
2335:Indian emigrants to England
1637:Sheffield Hallam University
1488:Matts, Paul (8 June 2019).
1276:"2 Tone Records - Articles"
1189:Veix, Joe (30 March 2016).
1157:(paperback) (US ed.).
735:Sheffield Hallam University
112:Keyboardist, songwriter, DJ
40:Jerry Dammers DJing in 2009
2351:
2305:Musicians from Tamil Nadu
1807:
764:(LP, Virgin V-2386, 1986)
519:the Spatial AKA Orchestra
430:African National Congress
166:the Spatial AKA Orchestra
33:
2285:English record producers
2280:English male songwriters
2106:The Best of The Specials
2025:Blue Plate Specials Live
758:"Riot City" (8:29) – on
733:Honorary doctorate from
471:tour that also featured
2295:Musicians from Coventry
2007:Protest Songs 1924–2012
682:Jamming: A New Optimism
525:and other experimental
440:" single, a version of
289:in 1977. He then asked
2050:The Singles Collection
862:rocksgodiva.tripod.com
574:Love Music Hate Racism
244:Lanchester Polytechnic
198:King Henry VIII School
192:who was later Dean of
46:Background information
2320:British ska musicians
2300:Musicians from London
2149:A Message to You Rudy
938:www.classicpopmag.com
647:Dammers has produced
513:Spatial AKA Orchestra
483:. He also introduced
327:, which was less so.
141:(as per The Specials)
120:Keyboards, turntables
2310:The Specials members
2275:English keyboardists
2071:Best of the Specials
2057:Dawning of a New Era
1866:Silverton Hutchinson
1254:nostalgiacentral.com
456:, the Pioneers, and
230:, before becoming a
222:Dammers was a young
184:, Tamil Nadu, South
180:Dammers was born in
2191:Free Nelson Mandela
1837:Nikolaj Torp Larsen
640:("Ghost Town") and
612:Under the Influence
570:Coventry University
428:" about the jailed
426:Free Nelson Mandela
348:Free Nelson Mandela
295:Rock Against Racism
248:Coventry University
240:country and western
79:, Tamil Nadu, India
2124:Too Much Too Young
2042:Compilation albums
1221:The New York Times
1129:. 11 December 2008
719:The South African
674:Absolute Beginners
489:Tony Hollingsworth
420:He became an anti-
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1911:Anthony Wymshurst
919:978-0-571-21570-6
737:. (November 2015)
679:compilation album
473:the Style Council
401:the Bodysnatchers
194:Bristol Cathedral
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1993:Conquering Ruler
1972:Today's Specials
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1763:Official website
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769:Monsterism Night
753:Solo discography
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543:Ancient Egyptian
250:), where he met
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1850:Pablo Mandleson
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1665:The Independent
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1612:. 24 April 2014
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1469:. 20 March 2020
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1312:. 30 March 2009
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1256:. 28 March 2014
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1077:. 24 April 2014
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1023:. 20 March 2020
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972:. 30 April 2021
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481:Junior Giscombe
446:the Special AKA
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209:the Small Faces
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1917:Edgio Newton
1902:John Shipley
1888:Dick Cuthell
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265:The Specials
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256:the Selecter
221:
202:
200:, Coventry.
179:
162:the Specials
150:
149:
130:1977–present
126:Years active
15:
2270:English DJs
2255:1955 births
2226:Dance Craze
2208:Discography
2017:Live albums
1920:Nick Parker
1898:Rhoda Dakar
1700:24 December
1642:26 December
1561:24 December
1536:24 December
1499:23 December
1494:We Are Cult
1473:23 December
1447:23 December
1421:23 December
1396:22 December
1345:23 December
1316:22 December
1285:21 December
1280:2-tone.info
1260:23 December
1234:23 December
1200:21 December
1133:21 December
1107:24 December
1081:24 December
1052:21 December
1027:21 December
999:24 December
976:21 December
943:23 December
896:22 December
867:22 December
842:24 December
638:the Prodigy
600:musicians.
590:BBC Radio 1
547:alien heads
506:The Madness
465:Billy Bragg
371:He founded
275:Neol Davies
236:reggae punk
71:22 May 1955
2249:Categories
2184:The Boiler
2177:Ghost Town
2170:Do Nothing
2163:Stereotype
1932:Mark Adams
1929:Adam Birch
1857:Terry Hall
1746:. Discogs.
1732:. Discogs.
1718:. Discogs.
1467:British GQ
1021:British GQ
787:References
689:nightclubs
634:Ghost Town
604:Carl Barât
554:sarcophagi
531:Zoe Rahman
438:Starvation
291:Terry Hall
217:soul music
182:Ootacamund
77:Ootacamund
67:1955-05-22
52:Birth name
2142:Gangsters
1826:Tim Smart
1616:29 August
1442:Musical U
1391:Mazeys UK
1375:(44): 52.
1369:Billboard
1229:0362-4331
594:John Peel
582:Harry Pye
469:Red Wedge
467:-fronted
422:apartheid
352:apartheid
306:the Clash
213:the Kinks
176:Biography
90:, England
2156:Rat Race
1926:Jon Read
1695:ITV News
1669:Archived
1609:BBC News
1195:Newsweek
724:he said.
584:curated
458:the Beat
434:Band Aid
405:the Beat
381:the Beat
310:rude boy
232:skinhead
88:Coventry
2201:Related
2134:Singles
2092:Archive
1675:28 July
1588:28 July
1416:Radio X
778:) – on
728:Radio 1
649:singles
501:Madness
454:Madness
393:Madness
377:Madness
205:the Who
2000:Encore
1227:
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917:
811:20 May
695:Awards
671:film,
630:Tricky
523:Sun Ra
479:, and
228:hippie
135:Labels
103:2 tone
95:Genres
84:Origin
1908:Groco
805:ASCAP
598:black
580:of a
551:mummy
246:(now
238:, to
186:India
160:band
1702:2022
1677:2014
1644:2015
1618:2023
1590:2014
1563:2022
1556:Mojo
1538:2022
1501:2022
1475:2022
1449:2022
1423:2022
1398:2022
1347:2022
1318:2022
1287:2022
1262:2022
1236:2022
1225:ISSN
1202:2022
1174:ten.
1163:ISBN
1135:2022
1109:2022
1083:2022
1054:2022
1047:Mojo
1029:2022
1001:2022
978:2022
945:2022
915:ISBN
898:2022
891:SPIN
869:2022
844:2022
813:2009
702:Mojo
663:and
661:UB40
651:for
636:"),
549:and
537:and
527:jazz
450:UB40
407:and
211:and
170:punk
154:GCOT
61:Born
26:GCOT
1516:NME
1373:105
606:of
592:DJ
224:mod
158:ska
99:Ska
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