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legitimate. (Yebamot 45a). Jesus is only figuratively termed an illegitimate child. He impelled people to believe that he was a prophet sent by God to clarify perplexities in the Torah, and that he was the
Messiah that was predicted by each and every seer. He interpreted the Torah and its precepts in such a fashion as to lead to their total annulment, to the abolition of all its commandments and to the violation of its prohibitions. The sages, of blessed memory, having become aware of his plans before his reputation spread among our people, meted out fitting punishment to him.
2960:, p. 22: "Mendelssohn depicts Jesus as a model rabbinical Jew... as a loyal rabbi"; p. 259: "Mendelssohn was not the first to make such claims. Jacob Emden (1696-1776), a leading figure of traditional Judaism in eighteenth-century Germany, also looked vary favorably on Jesus"; p. 50: "Elijah Benamozegh (1823-1901) showed the resemblance between parables and ethical imperatives in the gospels and the Talmud, concluding that 'when Jesus spoke these words he was in no way abandoning Judaism'"; p. 258: "Levinsohn avowed that Jesus was a law-abiding Jew"
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new faith, contrary to our Divine religion, and to contend that it was equally God-given. Thereby it hoped to raise doubts and to create confusion, since one is opposed to the other and both supposedly emanate from a Divine source, which would lead to the destruction of both religions. For such is the remarkable plan contrived by a man who is envious and querulous. He will strive to kill his enemy and to save his own life, but when he finds it impossible to attain his objective, he will devise a scheme whereby they both will be slain.
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838:(as espoused by orthodox Christian doctrine), it would be impossible for Jesus to be a patrilineal bloodline descendant of King David. He never reigned as king, and there was no subsequent era of peace or great knowledge. Jesus died without completing or even accomplishing part of any of the messianic tasks, which Christians say will occur at a
2901:, 19:1, Winter 1982, pp. 105-111. "The Nazarene brought about a double kindness in the world. On the one hand, he strengthened the Torah of Moses majestically, as mentioned earlier, and not one of our Sages spoke out more emphatically concerning the immutability of the Torah. And on the other hand, he did much good for the Gentiles."
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block than this: All the prophets affirmed that the
Messiah would redeem Israel, save them, gather their dispersed and strengthen the commandments, but he caused Israel to be destroyed by the sword, their remnants to be dispersed, and humiliated, their changing the Torah, and misleading the world to serve gods besides the Lord.
972:). To gain absolution, a person can repent of that sin, regret the sin, and commit to never do the sin again. God will then forgive their transgression against Him. If a sin is committed against man, the person needs to gain forgiveness from the one he sinned against; it cannot be forgiven by God or another person.
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Concerning Jesus of
Nazareth who imagined himself to become the Messiah and was put to death by the court, the Prophet Daniel said already: "also the rebellious sons of thy people will lift themselves up to establish the vision; but they will stumble." (Dan.11,14) And can there be a greater stumbling
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Original sin, the virgin birth, the
Trinity, and vicarious atonement are among the concepts that Christians embrace but Jews reject.…The doctrine of original sin is totally unacceptable to Jews (as it is to Fundamentalist Christian sects such as the Baptists and Assemblies of God). Jews believe that
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In addition to being a place-name, Nazarenes were Jews who committed to certain extreme observances of religious practice, such as shaving their heads and abstaining from various activities, foods or practices, spending time in contemplation in the desert and so on. They continue being recognized as
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who rose after him, were only to clear the way for
Messiah the King." ... ." when the Messiah will really arise and he will succeed and will reign supreme, at once they shall all return and will know that they inherited lies from their forefathers and that their prophets and forefathers have misled
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After that there arose a new sect which combined the two methods, namely, conquest and controversy, into one, because it believed that this procedure would be more effective in wiping out every trace of the Jewish nation and religion. It, therefore, resolved to lay claim to prophecy and to found a
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died the
Prophecy departed from Israel." As Malachi lived centuries before Jesus it is clear that the rabbis of Talmudic times did not view Jesus as a divinely inspired prophet. Furthermore, the Bible itself includes an example of a prophet who could speak directly with God and could work miracles
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The first one to have adopted this plan was Jesus the
Nazarene, may his bones be ground to dust. He was a Jew because his mother was a Jewess although his father was a Gentile. For in accordance with the principles of our law, a child born of a Jewess and a Gentile, or of a Jewess and a slave, is
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Even if someone who appears to be a prophet can perform supernatural acts or signs, no prophet or dreamer can contradict the laws already stated in the Tanakh. Thus, any divergence espoused by Jesus from the tenets of scriptural
Judaism would disqualify him from being considered a prophet in
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codified core principles of Modern
Judaism, writing ", the Cause of all, is one. This does not mean one as in one of a pair, nor one like a species (which encompasses many individuals), nor one as in an object that is made up of many elements, nor as a single simple object that is infinitely
769:" prayer, found towards the beginning of the Jewish prayer books used in synagogues around the world, it states "He has no semblance of a body nor is He corporeal". It is a central tenet of Judaism that God does not have any physical characteristics; that God's essence cannot be fathomed.
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Apocryphal gospels: an introduction ：Hans-Josef Klauck p213. "An unfriendly interpretation of the child's name is offered: 'But the name Yeshu means: "May his name be blotted out, and his memory too!"' (§ 58). The three letters of which the name Jesus in Hebrew consists, yod, sin and
815:. Judaism interprets Isaiah 11:1 ("And there shall come forth a shoot out of the stock of Jesse, and a twig shall grow forth out of his roots.") to mean that the messiah will be a patrilineal bloodline descendant of King David. He is expected to return the Jews to their homeland and
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who is killed before completing the task (i.e. compelling all of Israel to walk in the way of Torah, repairing the breaches in observance, fighting the wars of God, building the Temple in its place, gathering in the dispersed exiles of Israel) is not the messiah. Maimonides states,
2585:. 2010. p. 220. "Accordingly, scholars' analyses range widely from minimalists (eg, Lauterbach 1951) – who recognize only relatively few passages that actually have Jesus in mind – to moderates (eg, Herford 2006), to maximalists (Klausner 1943, 17–54; especially Schäfer 2007)."
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The second class consists of the most intelligent and educated among the nations, such as the
Syrians, Persians, and Greeks. These also endeavor to demolish our law and to vitiate it by means of arguments which they invent, and by means of controversies which they institute....
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Ever since the time of Revelation, every despot or slave that has attained to power, be he violent or ignoble, has made it his first aim and his final purpose to destroy our law, and to vitiate our religion, by means of the sword, by violence, or by brute force, such as
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that establish the criteria for the coming of the messiah. Judaism does not accept Jesus as a divine being, an intermediary between humans and God, a messiah, or holy. Belief in the Trinity is also held to be incompatible with Judaism, as are a number of other
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2009 p4 "Whereas in the early modern period the "Jesus in the Talmud" paradigm served almost solely as an inexhaustible source for anti-Jewish sentiments, the subject gained more serious and critical recognition in the nineteenth and twentieth
964:. Judaism holds instead that man is born to strive for perfection, and to follow the word of God. Sin is then divided into two categories; transgression against God (through a failure to fulfill ritual obligations, such as not sanctifying the
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divisible. Rather, God is a unity unlike any other possible unity." Some Orthodox Jewish scholars note that the common poetic Jewish expression, "Our Father in Heaven", was used literally by Jesus to refer to God as "his Father in Heaven" (cf.
3088:, p. 361. "Both Greenberg and Sherwin use this model of a bifurcated messianic in different ways to suggest that Jews could, perhaps, accept Jesus as a "messiah" without agreeing with the Christian demands that he is the ultimate messiah."
1979:
During his lifetime, Jesus often spoke of God as "my Father in Heaven." For the Jews, this was a common poetic expression, and one that is still used in Jewish prayers. For the pagan gentiles, however, it had a much more literal
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1462:, some modern Jewish thinkers have come to hold a more positive view of Jesus, arguing that he himself did not abandon Judaism and/or that he benefited non-Jews. Among historic Orthodox rabbis holding these views are
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or state that God has changed his mind and wishes things that contradict his already-stated eternal word. There is no concept of the Messiah "fulfilling the law" to free the Israelites from their duty to maintain the
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is a complex one. While Karaites share Rabbanite views in rejecting Christian beliefs of Jesus' divinity and claims to messiahship, Karaites throughout history have held warmer opinions about him. Karaite scholar
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To the question, Was Jesus God or man?, the Christians therefore answered: both. After 70 AD, their answer was unanimous and increasingly emphatic. This made a complete breach with Judaism inevitable.
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reported that Karaites believed that Jesus was indeed a righteous man, but was not a prophet, and that the Gospels were not divinely revealed, but created and compiled by Jesus and his disciples.
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We call him Yeshua haTzadik, that is, the "Just". For us Christ did not modify the Old Testament. On the contrary, he affirmed it… Christ is for us a great prophet, but not the messiah.
1074:), understood these references in Talmud as referring to Jesus of Nazareth based on evidence that Jesus of Nazareth lived 130 years prior to the date that Christians believe he lived.
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Yet no man can grasp the thoughts of the Creator of the world, for our ways are not His ways, and our thoughts are not His thoughts; And all these ways of Jesus of Nazareth and of
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Maimonides lamented the pains that Jews felt as a result of new faiths that attempted to supplant Judaism, specifically Christianity and Islam. Referring to Jesus, he wrote:
1642:
1398:, and others; and that the Rabbanites conspired against him and killed him just as they sought to kill Anan, without success. This is their way with all who oppose them.
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But if he did not succeed in all this or was killed, he is definitely not the Mashiach promised in the Torah... and God only appointed him in order to test the masses.
846:, and the Temple was destroyed years later, not rebuilt. These discrepancies were noted by Jewish scholars who were contemporaries of Jesus, as later pointed out by
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in 2012, in which he depicts Jesus as "a Jewish patriot murdered by Rome for his struggle on behalf of his people." Opinions of the merits of the book differ, with
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was somewhat critical of their accuracy, he seems almost never to have met a possible reference to Jesus that he did not like!70 On the other end of the spectrum,
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70:
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Leiden, 1971 Page 62 "(c) Rabbenu Tam (b.Shabb. 104b) declared: 'This was not Jesus of Nazareth.' But his view, from the 12th century, constitutes no evidence."
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is not found in other early pre-censorship partial manuscripts (the Florence, Hamburg and Karlsruhe) where these cover the passages in question.
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1564:, praising it as "courageous and thought-provoking". Boteach said that the book "traces the teachings of Jesus to their original sources: the
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1250:. In all cases of its use, the references to Yeshu are associated with acts or behaviour that are seen as leading Jews away from Judaism to
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Christian authorities in Europe were largely unaware of possible references to Jesus in the Talmud until 1236, when a convert from Judaism,
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literature written between 250 CE and 700 CE. There is a spectrum of scholarly views on how many of these references are actually to Jesus.
827:" fills the earth, leading the nations to "end up recognizing the wrongs they did Israel". Ezekiel states the messiah will redeem the Jews.
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issued in 1554 censored the Talmud and other Jewish texts, resulting in the removal of references to Yeshu. No known manuscript of the
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1109:, who consider that there are little or no historical traces and texts have been applied to Jesus in later editing, to others such as
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Matthew B. Hoffman, From rebel to rabbi: reclaiming Jesus and the making of modern Jewish culture, Stanford University Press, 2007,
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found in the Talmud has become the controversial rendition of "Jesus the Nazarene" in Hebrew. For example, by 1180 CE the term
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Deuteronomy 13:1 says, "Be careful to observe only that which I enjoin upon you; neither add to it nor take away from it."
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The Lord spoke to you out of the midst of the fire; you heard the sound of the words, but saw no image, just a voice.
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also held Jesus in great regard. A positive view of Jesus is fairly represented among modern Jews in the currents of
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Judaism. This was the view adopted by Jesus' contemporaries, as according to rabbinical tradition as stated in the
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Reading Medieval Religious Disputation: The 1240 "Debate" Between Rabbi Yechiel of Paris and Friar Nicholas Donin
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Judaism teaches that it is heretical for any man to claim to be God, part of God, or the literal son of God. The
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p39 "This discussion makes it perfectly clear that Duran gave no credence to a theory of two Jesuses." etc.
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Woodcut carved by Johann von Armssheim (1483). Portrays a disputation between Christian and Jewish scholars
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The Karaite Halakah And Its Relation to Saduccean, Samaritan and Philonian Halakah. Part 1 · Volume 1
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includes the concept that God has no body and that physical concepts do not apply to him. In the "
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The trial of Jesus: a study in the Gospels and Jewish Historiography from 1770 to the Present Day,
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Judaism's idea of the messiah differs substantially from the Christian idea of the Messiah. In
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are thought to contain references to Jesus, including some uncensored manuscripts of the
899:(and no other god); he must not describe God differently from how he is known to be from
850:, who in 1263 observed that Jesus was rejected as the messiah by the rabbis of his time.
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as being based on mistranslations, with the idea that Jesus did not fulfill any of the
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man enters the world free of sin, with a soul that is pure and innocent and untainted.
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Jesus outside the New Testament: an introduction to the ancient evidence p108 "While
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Jews believe that the messiah will fulfill the messianic prophecies of the prophets
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2971:"Rehearing Buber's Jesus Deepens Jewish-Christian Dialogue / By Kramer, Kenneth P."
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beliefs into what became the New Testament. To them, he was not God or God's son.
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Moreover, Judaism sees Christian claims that Jesus is the textual messiah of the
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does not appear in the Tosefta, by the time the Babylonian Talmud was produced,
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will be associated with events that have not yet occurred, such as building the
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2943:, p. 329. "Jesus was a good Jew who did not dream of founding a rival church".
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Their Hollow Inheritance. A Comprehensive Refutation of Christian Missionaries
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makes mention of the name, although one translation (Herford) has added it to
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The Jewish view of Jesus is influenced by the fact that Jesus lived while the
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Nonetheless, Maimonides continued, developing a thought earlier expressed in
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the messiah's task is to bring in the Messianic Age, a one-time event, and a
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2386:, 1st edition, p. 296; in christian bibles this verse is Deuteronomy 12:32
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Jews, and believe Jesus lived around 130 or 140 CE and was conflated with
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rabbis to comment on their relationship to and with early messianic Jews.
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For a long time Jews have praised Jesus as a rabbi, a Jew like us really;
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2999:(Rev. ed.). Montreal : McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 4.
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Religions view religions : explorations in pursuit of understanding
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Judaism does not accept any of the claimed fulfilments of prophecy that
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1056:(18th century) support this view, but not all rabbis took this view.
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842:. Rather than being redeemed, the Jews were subsequently exiled from
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1765:"Why the history of messianic Judaism is so fraught and complicated"
3025:
American Post-Judaism: Identity and Renewal in a Postethnic Society
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Dying for God: martyrdom and the making of Christianity and Judaism
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2794:"Epistle to Yemen Complete", "Maimonides, Trans. Boaz Cohen", url=
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Jewish history and Jewish memory: essays in honor of Yosef Hayim
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Jesus did not embody the personal qualifications of the Messiah.
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Modern scholarship on the Talmud has a spectrum of views. From
1779:"How many Israeli Jews believe in Jesus? New book sheds light"
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states explicitly: "if a man claims to be God, he is a liar."
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believed Jesus himself was actually a Karaite. Controversial
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in Judaism, as is understood in much of Christianity or some
1014:, laid thirty-five formal charges against the Talmud before
2465:, National Jewish Outreach Program, accessed March 14, 2006
1484:, also held more positive views. Austrian-born philosopher
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by J. D. Eisenstein, Hebrew Publishing Society, 1915 and
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Biblical verses "referring" to Jesus are mistranslations.
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Response - Reference Center - FAQ - Proof Texts - Trinity
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of peace, and the ingathering of Jews to their homeland.
538:. In the Jewish perspective, it is believed that the way
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or speak for God in Judaism are that he must follow the
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was standing, and not while the Jews were exiled. Being
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in his Jesus von Nazareth in der talmudischen ..." 2000
2414:"Torat Hayim - Living Torah: No Rest(s) for the Wicked"
1711:"Judaism has no place for those who betray their roots"
2456:"Parashat Re'eh 5764-2004: Identifying a True Prophet"
3078:
The Jewish Jesus: Revelation, Reflection, Reclamation
2729:"Ancient Hebrew (Talmud) account of Christ--McKinsey"
2493:
Kolatch, Alfred (2000) . "Judaism and Christianity".
1849:
The concept of Trinity is incompatible with Judaism:
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stated that some Karaites of his day believed that:
27:
Judaism's views on the central figure of Christianity
2211:"Why don't Jews believe that Jesus was the messiah?"
1827:"Why don't Jews believe that Jesus was the messiah?"
593:. Israelis who endorse the belief that Jesus is the
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2815:. University of South Carolina Press. p. 119.
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https://en.wikisource.org/Epistle_to_Yemen/Complete
1961:
The Real Messiah? A Jewish Response to Missionaries
1542:takes this even further, following the research of
744:In the 12th century, the preeminent Jewish scholar
554:, which is forbidden. Therefore, considering Jesus
2620:by Rabbi Charles D. Chavel, Mosad Horav Kook, 1963
2505:: Jonathan David Publishers, Inc. pp. 61–64.
1902:
1480:, as well as some other religious thinkers of the
2401:Orthodox Union of Jewish Congregations of America
2337:Jews do not accept Jesus as the messiah because:
1643:Opposition to Christianity in Chazalic literature
2380:Tanakh: A New Translation of the Holy Scriptures
1113:(1999), who argue that Jesus in the Talmud is a
1026:in 1240. Yechiel's primary defence was that the
891:), the criteria for a person to be considered a
2840:. Press of Cahan printing Company. p. 88.
2774:(. ed.). Amsterdam : Rodopi. p. 102.
2341:Jesus did not fulfill the messianic prophecies.
1562:International Fellowship of Christians and Jews
1424:
1390:Jesus was a good man and his was in the way of
1388:
1329:
801:
3996:Christianity and Judaism related controversies
3542:Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
2863:New Perspectives on Jewish-Christian Relations
2350:Jewish belief is based on national revelation.
960:, as it does not believe people are born in a
3206:
2549:] (in Hebrew and English). translated by
1748:
1746:
499:
8:
3179:"JESUS OF NAZARETH - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
2912:Jesus beyond Christianity: The Classic Texts
2813:Karaite Judaism and historical understanding
1734:
1732:
1709:Schochet, Rabbi J. Emmanuel (29 July 1999).
1018:, and these charges were brought upon rabbi
736:caused by a divergence from this principle:
3125:Seconds out: rabbis scrap over Jesus Christ
1155:is added to the last mention of a Yeshu in
1151:manuscripts of the Talmud, the appellation
3537:New Testament places associated with Jesus
3532:Historical background of the New Testament
3213:
3199:
3191:
2806:
2804:
1713:. The Canadian Jewish News. Archived from
823:and understanding where "the knowledge of
574:, which holds that the coming of the true
506:
492:
42:
29:
1402:Persian historian and Islamic theologian
1030:in rabbinic literature was a disciple of
3864:Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)
2910:Gregory A. Barker and Stephen E. Gregg.
1042:(1263) Nachmanides made the same point.
1687:
2425:Union of American Hebrew Congregations
2091:"Maimonides #3 - God's Incorporeality"
2078:... for man shall not see Me and live.
2051:
1965:National Conference of Synagogue Youth
1149:Jewish Theological Seminary of America
1147:. In the Munich (1342 CE), Paris, and
3048:Feinstein, EveLevavi (19 June 2011).
1868:by Rabbi Singer (outreachjudaism.org)
1034:, and not to be confused with Jesus (
548:absolute unity and singularity of God
7:
3143:"Shmuley Boteach: Was Jesus Kosher?"
3141:Mayefsky, Chana (January 25, 2012).
1377:The historical view of Jesus within
314:Sources for the historicity of Jesus
2711:"The Jesus Narrative In The Talmud"
1959:(1985) . "From Messiah to Christ".
1244:the name of Yeshu is taken to mean
703:. According to Judaic beliefs, the
3855:(traditional maternal grandfather)
3849:(traditional maternal grandmother)
3186:Jewish Encyclopedia: False Prophet
3123:Simon Rocker (January 26, 2012). "
1454:Positive historical re-evaluations
1313:Jesus is mentioned in Maimonides'
995:Various works of classical Jewish
734:schism between Jews and Christians
25:
3080:, Purdue University Press, 2011,
2914:, Oxford University Press, 2010,
2865:. Brill Publishing. p. 486.
2329:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
2191:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
2172:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1815:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1798:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1166:as well as to the occurrences in
1139:to align it with similar text of
819:, reign as king, and usher in an
691:In Judaism, the idea of God as a
669:Oneness and indivisibility of God
3955:
3954:
2583:The Blackwell Companion to Jesus
1254:, a term usually translated as "
1218:can be found in the Maimonides'
1036:Vikkuah Rabbenu Yechiel mi-Paris
699:— it is even considered by some
591:Christianity attributes to Jesus
473:
461:
173:Apparitions and visions of Jesus
3861:(paternal grandfather per Luke)
3106:(Gefen Publishing House, 2012,
2480:The Church of God International
2290:. Gefen Publishing House, Ltd.
1586:Christian–Jewish reconciliation
1101:in the Talmud, to the views of
938:but was "evil", in the form of
707:rules out a trinitarian God in
601:are not considered Jews by the
534:nor do they believe he was the
253:Background to the New Testament
3565:Quest for the historical Jesus
1999:. Israel & Judaism Studies
1993:"Principal Beliefs of Judaism"
1319:, written about 1172 to Rabbi
976:Jesus in rabbinical literature
958:Christian concept of salvation
715:is our God, the LORD is one."
302:Quest for the historical Jesus
1:
2898:Journal of Ecumenical Studies
2495:The Second Jewish Book of Why
2476:"Balaam the Prophet of Error"
1648:The Book of Nestor the Priest
1321:Jacob ben Netan'el al-Fayyumi
1068:
859:Jewish Messiah qualifications
836:conceived via the Holy Spirit
3942:Sexuality and marital status
3027:. Indiana University Press.
2886:"Emden's letter about Jesus"
2770:Jerald d. Gort, ed. (2006).
1097:, who see some traces of an
1872:The Doctrine of the Trinity
1825:, accessed March 14, 2006;
1696:"Devarim (Deuteronomy) 6:4"
1611:Judaism's views on Muhammad
1228:11:4, uncensored version).
1208:word for Christian and the
1050:Jehiel ben Solomon Heilprin
956:Judaism does not share the
773:Jesus as the Jewish Messiah
562:”, is forbidden. Judaism's
4017:
3515:Five Discourses of Matthew
2427:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2403:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2384:Jewish Publication Society
2224:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2201:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2181:, accessed March 14, 2006.
1909:. HarperCollins. pp.
1840:, accessed March 14, 2006.
1434:
1078:'s anti-Christian polemic
984:
949:
868:
776:
672:
616:
319:Reliability of the Gospels
3991:Criticism of Christianity
3950:
3228:
1866:The Trinity in the Shema?
1626:List of messiah claimants
1596:Criticism of Christianity
631:The belief that Jesus is
603:Chief Rabbinate of Israel
3742:In comparative mythology
2997:A rabbi talks with Jesus
2395:Frankel, Rabbi Pinchas,
2268:Disputation of Barcelona
2058:: CS1 maint: location (
2024:. Jewish Virtual Library
2022:jewishvirtuallibrary.org
1518:Zalman Schachter-Shalomi
1204:had become the standard
1040:Disputation of Barcelona
619:Christianity and Judaism
258:Language spoken by Jesus
3895:Interactions with women
2995:Neusner, Jacob (2000).
2935:, Paulist Press, 1995,
2836:Revel, Bernard (1913).
2642:Section 3 paragraph 65.
2547:The Gates of Repentance
2452:Buchwald, Rabbi Ephraim
2284:Michoel Drazin (1990).
2115:"Chapter 1: G-D Part 1"
1189:, Zindler and McKinsey
903:; he must not advocate
643:, is incompatible with
468:Christianity portal
3905:Mary, sister of Martha
3525:Oral gospel traditions
2861:Berger, David (2012).
2370:Yeshodai HaTorah 8:7-9
2274:in 1263 paragraph 103.
1428:
1400:
1370:
1325:Yemen Jewish community
1304:
1277:
805:
763:13 principles of faith
742:
658:tenets of Christianity
628:
272:Mental health of Jesus
3632:Life of Christ Museum
3627:Life of Christ in art
3023:Magid, Shaul (2013).
2811:Astren, Fred (2004).
2397:"Covenant of History"
2168:Simmons, Rabbi Shraga
2158:in 1263 paragraph 49.
1905:A History of the Jews
1666:Sefer Joseph Hamekane
1659:Sefer Nizzahon Yashan
1652:Sefer Nestor Ha-Komer
1435:Further information:
1291:
1272:
738:
730:A History of the Jews
711:(6:4): "Hear Israel,
639:, or a person of the
626:
438:Life of Christ Museum
359:Perspectives on Jesus
54:Jesus in Christianity
3448:Sayings on the cross
3406:Entry into Jerusalem
3129:The Jewish Chronicle
2665:Robert E. Van Voorst
2312:"Faith Strengthened"
2154:in his dispute with
1482:Jewish Enlightenment
1468:Eliyahu Soloveitchik
1052:(17th century), and
1032:Joshua ben Perachiah
1024:Disputation of Paris
905:change to God's word
757:God is not corporeal
653:messianic prophecies
540:Christians see Jesus
522:do not believe that
18:Jewish view of Jesus
3937:Race and appearance
3875:(traditional uncle)
3781:Jesus the Splendour
3423:Agony in the Garden
3338:Sermon on the Mount
2933:Israel and Humanity
2931:Elijah Benamozegh,
2757:Jesus in the Talmud
2733:www.skeptically.org
2715:talmud.faithweb.com
2686:Jesus in the Talmud
2629:David R. Catchpole
2595:Saadia R. Eisenberg
2559:Feldheim Publishers
2412:Edwards, Laurence,
2266:Nachmanides in the
1874:(religionfacts.com)
1781:. 19 February 2022.
1767:. 13 November 2018.
1574:rabbinic literature
1560:, President of the
1546:. Boteach authored
997:rabbinic literature
987:Jesus in the Talmud
946:Jesus and salvation
116:Sermon on the Mount
3986:Christ myth theory
3922:Rejection of Jesus
3599:Christ myth theory
3416:Farewell Discourse
3054:The Jerusalem Post
2891:2013-01-15 at the
2551:Shraga Silverstein
2461:2017-04-11 at the
2437:Deuteronomy 13:1–5
2419:2005-12-21 at the
2216:2020-05-08 at the
2177:2006-03-16 at the
2076:. pp. 25:20.
2018:"Anthropomorphism"
1862:(Jews for Judaism)
1858:2007-06-09 at the
1832:2020-05-08 at the
1606:Criticism of Jesus
1601:Rejection of Jesus
1591:Christ myth theory
1373:In Karaite Judaism
1091:R. Travers Herford
1003:and the classical
885:Deuteronomy 13:1–5
865:Prophecy and Jesus
817:rebuild the Temple
783:Messiah in Judaism
679:Godhead in Judaism
629:
572:Jewish eschatology
564:rejection of Jesus
546:, a belief in the
3968:
3967:
3890:Language of Jesus
3837:Brothers of Jesus
3709:Session of Christ
3585:Mara bar Serapion
3386:Great Commandment
3281:Flight into Egypt
3173:The False Prophet
3148:Publishers Weekly
2581:Delbert Burkett.
2568:978-0-87306-252-7
2512:978-0-8246-0314-4
2245:Isaiah 52:13–53:5
1637:Milhamoth ha-Shem
1631:Messianic Judaism
1478:Moses Mendelssohn
1472:Elijah Benamozegh
1413:Abraham Firkovich
1080:Kelimmat ha-Goyim
1022:to defend at the
1001:Babylonian Talmud
916:Messianic Judaism
879:According to the
516:
515:
331:Jesus myth theory
16:(Redirected from
4008:
3981:Jesus in Judaism
3958:
3957:
3833:(alleged father)
3687:Person of Christ
3560:Historical Jesus
3391:Olivet Discourse
3319:Great Commission
3215:
3208:
3201:
3192:
3182:
3160:
3159:
3157:
3155:
3138:
3132:
3121:
3115:
3095:
3089:
3071:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3050:"JESUS FOR JEWS"
3045:
3039:
3038:
3020:
3014:
3013:
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2986:
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2982:
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2662:
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2634:
2627:
2621:
2614:Otzar Havikuchim
2610:Vikuach HaRamban
2606:
2600:
2592:
2586:
2579:
2573:
2572:
2555:Nanuet, New York
2535:
2529:
2528:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2472:
2466:
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2443:
2434:
2428:
2410:
2404:
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2371:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2321:
2315:
2308:
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2301:
2281:
2275:
2272:Pablo Christiani
2264:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2208:
2202:
2188:
2182:
2165:
2159:
2156:Pablo Christiani
2149:
2143:
2140:Hilchos Melachim
2136:
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2014:
2008:
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2005:
2004:
1989:
1983:
1982:
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1944:Yesodei ha-Torah
1931:
1925:
1924:
1908:
1895:
1889:
1883:
1877:
1847:
1841:
1812:
1810:
1809:
1800:. Archived from
1789:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1769:
1768:
1761:
1755:
1750:
1741:
1736:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1722:
1717:on 20 March 2001
1706:
1700:
1699:
1692:
1558:Yechiel Eckstein
1554:Israeli-American
1529:Irving Greenberg
1527:rabbis, such as
1506:Milton Steinberg
1460:historical Jesus
1458:Considering the
1441:Nazarene (title)
1316:Epistle to Yemen
1308:Epistle to Yemen
1300:Hilkhot Melakhim
1226:Hilchos Melachim
1130:Jerusalem Talmud
1099:historical Jesus
1073:
1072: 1075–1141
1070:
1048:(11th century),
1038:). At the later
1020:Yechiel of Paris
796:presumed messiah
792:Rabbinic Judaism
732:, describes the
720:Jerusalem Talmud
508:
501:
494:
480:Islam portal
478:
477:
476:
466:
465:
426:Jesus in culture
297:Historical Jesus
285:Jesus in history
208:Names and titles
163:Heavenly Session
71:Names and titles
46:
30:
21:
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4015:
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4009:
4007:
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3970:
3969:
3964:
3946:
3878:
3797:
3729:In other faiths
3723:
3646:
3642:Transfiguration
3603:
3546:
3476:
3376:Transfiguration
3250:
3242:
3224:
3219:
3177:
3169:
3164:
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3140:
3139:
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3122:
3118:
3098:Shmuley Boteach
3096:
3092:
3072:
3068:
3058:
3056:
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3046:
3042:
3035:
3022:
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2980:
2978:
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2947:
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2909:
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2893:Wayback Machine
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2618:Kitvey HaRamban
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2463:Wayback Machine
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2421:Wayback Machine
2411:
2407:
2394:
2390:
2382:, ©1985 by The
2378:
2374:
2363:
2359:
2353:
2327:(May 9, 2009).
2325:Simmons, Shraga
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1498:Kaufmann Kohler
1456:
1443:
1437:Nazarene (sect)
1433:
1420:Seraya Shapshal
1384:Jacob Qirqisani
1379:Karaite Judaism
1375:
1311:
1268:
1236:
1216:Yeshu Ha-Notzri
1211:Yeshu Ha-Notzri
1115:literary device
1087:Joseph Klausner
1071:
1016:Pope Gregory IX
993:
983:
978:
954:
948:
877:
869:Main articles:
867:
785:
777:Main articles:
775:
759:
689:
671:
666:
664:Jewish theology
647:. Jews believe
645:Jewish theology
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3520:Gospel harmony
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3238:List of topics
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3167:External links
3165:
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3116:
3090:
3066:
3040:
3034:978-0253008091
3033:
3015:
3005:
2987:
2973:Archived from
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2684:Peter Schäfer
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2608:paragraph 22.
2601:
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2539:Gerondi, Yonah
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2499:Middle Village
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1967:. p. 33.
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1793:Shraga Simmons
1784:
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1672:The Touchstone
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1621:Jews for Jesus
1618:
1616:Jesus in Islam
1613:
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1533:Jonathan Sacks
1514:Jewish Renewal
1494:Emil G. Hirsch
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1432:
1429:
1404:Al-Shahrastani
1374:
1371:
1346:Nebuchadnezzar
1323:, head of the
1310:
1305:
1295:This Ismaelite
1267:
1264:
1235:
1230:
1172:Sanhedrin 103a
1124:The Vatican's
1111:Daniel Boyarin
1046:Jacob ben Meir
1012:Nicholas Donin
982:
979:
977:
974:
947:
944:
866:
863:
774:
771:
758:
755:
728:, in his book
695:or trinity is
675:God in Judaism
670:
667:
665:
662:
617:Main article:
614:
611:
514:
513:
511:
510:
503:
496:
488:
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244:
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200:
194:
191:Jesus in Islam
189:
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185:
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181:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
135:
130:
125:
120:
119:
118:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
86:Gospel harmony
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
57:
52:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4013:
4002:
4001:Talmud people
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3978:
3976:
3961:
3953:
3952:
3949:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3932:Mental health
3930:
3928:
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
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3893:
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3887:
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3881:
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3860:
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3818:
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3810:
3807:
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3804:
3800:
3794:
3791:
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3786:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3772:
3769:
3765:
3762:
3761:
3760:
3757:
3753:
3752:In the Talmud
3750:
3749:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3734:
3732:
3730:
3726:
3720:
3719:Cosmic Christ
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3704:Second Coming
3702:
3700:
3697:
3693:
3692:Pre-existence
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3662:
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3649:
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3618:
3615:
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3606:
3600:
3597:
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3586:
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3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
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3568:
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3557:
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3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3498:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3483:
3482:New Testament
3479:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3449:
3446:
3445:
3444:
3441:
3439:
3436:
3434:
3431:
3429:
3426:
3424:
3421:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3372:
3369:
3367:
3364:
3360:
3359:Lord's Prayer
3357:
3356:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3344:
3343:
3339:
3336:
3332:
3329:
3328:
3327:
3324:
3320:
3317:
3315:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3302:
3300:
3297:
3295:
3294:Unknown years
3292:
3289:
3286:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3276:Date of birth
3274:
3272:
3269:
3268:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3258:
3256:
3254:
3249:
3245:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3227:
3223:
3216:
3211:
3209:
3204:
3202:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3187:
3184:
3180:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3170:
3166:
3154:September 26,
3150:
3149:
3144:
3137:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3120:
3117:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3086:1-55753-579-5
3083:
3079:
3075:
3070:
3067:
3055:
3051:
3044:
3041:
3036:
3030:
3026:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3002:
2998:
2991:
2988:
2977:on 2016-03-04
2976:
2972:
2966:
2963:
2959:
2958:0-8047-5371-7
2955:
2949:
2946:
2942:
2941:0-8047-5371-7
2938:
2934:
2928:
2925:
2921:
2920:0-19-955345-9
2917:
2913:
2907:
2904:
2900:
2899:
2894:
2890:
2887:
2882:
2879:
2874:
2872:9789004221178
2868:
2864:
2857:
2854:
2849:
2847:9781548603533
2843:
2839:
2832:
2829:
2824:
2822:9781570035180
2818:
2814:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2797:
2791:
2788:
2783:
2777:
2773:
2766:
2763:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2742:
2739:
2734:
2730:
2724:
2721:
2716:
2712:
2706:
2703:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2687:
2681:
2678:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2661:
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2654:
2648:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2596:
2591:
2588:
2584:
2578:
2575:
2570:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2534:
2531:
2527:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2508:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2477:
2471:
2468:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2448:
2445:
2442:
2438:
2433:
2430:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2415:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2389:
2385:
2381:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2366:
2365:Mishneh Torah
2361:
2358:
2354:
2349:
2346:
2343:
2340:
2339:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2320:
2317:
2313:
2307:
2304:
2299:
2297:965-229-070-X
2293:
2289:
2288:
2280:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2263:
2260:
2257:
2256:Ezekiel 16:55
2252:
2249:
2246:
2241:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2212:
2207:
2204:
2200:
2199:Ask the Rabbi
2196:
2192:
2187:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2157:
2153:
2148:
2145:
2141:
2135:
2132:
2120:
2116:
2110:
2107:
2096:
2092:
2086:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2069:
2066:
2061:
2055:
2048:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2023:
2019:
2013:
2010:
1998:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1981:
1976:
1974:1-879016-11-7
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1957:Kaplan, Aryeh
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1939:
1938:Mishneh Torah
1935:
1930:
1927:
1922:
1920:0-06-091533-1
1916:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1900:
1899:Johnson, Paul
1894:
1891:
1887:
1882:
1879:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1857:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1828:
1824:
1823:Ask the Rabbi
1820:
1816:
1804:on 2006-03-16
1803:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1785:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1766:
1760:
1757:
1754:
1749:
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1740:
1735:
1733:
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1716:
1712:
1705:
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1697:
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1660:
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1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1634:
1632:
1629:
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1619:
1617:
1614:
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1609:
1607:
1604:
1602:
1599:
1597:
1594:
1592:
1589:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1579:
1577:
1575:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1550:
1545:
1541:
1536:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1510:Byron Sherwin
1507:
1503:
1499:
1495:
1491:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1442:
1438:
1431:As a Nazarene
1430:
1427:
1423:
1421:
1418:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1405:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1385:
1380:
1372:
1369:
1365:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1328:
1326:
1322:
1318:
1317:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1290:
1288:
1287:
1282:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1263:
1261:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:
1243:
1242:
1241:Toledot Yeshu
1234:
1233:Toledot Yeshu
1231:
1229:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1221:Mishneh Torah
1217:
1213:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1178:
1173:
1169:
1168:Sanhedrin 43a
1165:
1161:
1159:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1136:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1108:
1107:Jacob Neusner
1104:
1100:
1096:
1095:Peter Schäfer
1092:
1088:
1083:
1081:
1077:
1076:Profiat Duran
1066:
1065:Yehuda Halevi
1062:
1061:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1008:
1006:
1002:
998:
992:
988:
980:
975:
973:
971:
967:
963:
959:
953:
945:
943:
941:
936:
932:
928:
922:
919:
917:
913:
912:
906:
902:
898:
897:God of Israel
894:
890:
886:
882:
876:
875:False prophet
872:
864:
862:
860:
856:
851:
849:
845:
841:
840:Second Coming
837:
833:
832:Second Temple
828:
826:
822:
818:
814:
810:
804:
800:
797:
793:
790:
784:
780:
772:
770:
768:
764:
756:
754:
752:
751:Lord's Prayer
747:
741:
737:
735:
731:
727:
723:
721:
716:
714:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
688:
684:
683:Shema Yisrael
680:
676:
668:
663:
661:
659:
654:
650:
649:Jesus did not
646:
642:
638:
634:
625:
620:
612:
610:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
587:
585:
584:Messianic Age
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
542:goes against
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
518:Adherents of
509:
504:
502:
497:
495:
490:
489:
487:
486:
481:
471:
469:
464:
459:
458:
457:
456:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
436:
434:
431:
430:
427:
422:
421:
414:
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
391:
387:
384:
383:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
363:
360:
355:
354:
347:
344:
342:
341:Unknown years
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
320:
317:
315:
312:
311:
310:
307:
303:
300:
299:
298:
295:
293:
290:
289:
286:
281:
280:
273:
270:
268:
264:
261:
259:
256:
254:
251:
250:
247:
242:
241:
234:
231:
229:
226:
224:
221:
219:
216:
214:
211:
209:
206:
204:
201:
199:
196:
195:
192:
187:
186:
179:
178:Second Coming
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
154:
151:
149:
146:
144:
141:
139:
136:
134:
131:
129:
126:
124:
121:
117:
114:
113:
112:
109:
107:
104:
102:
99:
97:
94:
92:
89:
87:
84:
82:
79:
77:
76:Life of Jesus
74:
72:
69:
67:
64:
62:
59:
58:
55:
50:
49:
45:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
3842:Holy Kinship
3793:Master Jesus
3771:Baháʼà Faith
3746:
3665:Christianity
3652:Christianity
3622:Christ Child
3617:Bibliography
3467:Resurrection
3381:Homelessness
3290:(apocryphal)
3271:Virgin birth
3261:Annunciation
3253:Jesus's life
3152:. Retrieved
3146:
3136:
3128:
3119:
3103:Kosher Jesus
3101:
3093:
3077:
3069:
3057:. Retrieved
3053:
3043:
3024:
3018:
3010:
2996:
2990:
2979:. Retrieved
2975:the original
2965:
2948:
2932:
2927:
2911:
2906:
2896:
2881:
2862:
2856:
2837:
2831:
2812:
2790:
2771:
2765:
2756:
2751:
2741:
2732:
2723:
2714:
2705:
2697:
2692:
2685:
2680:
2673:Johann Maier
2660:
2652:
2647:
2638:
2630:
2625:
2617:
2613:
2609:
2604:
2597:
2590:
2582:
2577:
2546:
2542:
2533:
2524:
2494:
2488:
2479:
2470:
2447:
2432:
2408:
2391:
2379:
2375:
2367:
2360:
2336:
2333:Aish HaTorah
2319:
2306:
2286:
2279:
2262:
2251:
2240:
2229:
2222:AskMoses.com
2206:
2198:
2195:Ohr Samayach
2186:
2163:
2147:
2139:
2138:Maimonides,
2134:
2123:. Retrieved
2121:. 2 May 2007
2118:
2109:
2098:. Retrieved
2094:
2085:
2077:
2073:
2068:
2046:
2042:
2037:
2026:. Retrieved
2021:
2012:
2001:. Retrieved
1996:
1987:
1980:connotation.
1978:
1963:. New York:
1960:
1951:
1943:
1940:
1929:
1904:
1893:
1881:
1845:
1838:AskMoses.com
1822:
1819:Ohr Samayach
1806:. Retrieved
1802:the original
1787:
1773:
1759:
1719:. Retrieved
1715:the original
1704:
1690:
1671:
1664:
1657:
1651:
1635:
1549:Kosher Jesus
1547:
1544:Hyam Maccoby
1537:
1523:Some modern
1522:
1502:Conservative
1486:Martin Buber
1476:
1457:
1444:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1401:
1389:
1376:
1366:
1362:
1358:
1330:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1299:
1292:
1284:
1281:Judah Halevi
1278:
1273:
1269:
1251:
1247:yimakh shemo
1245:
1239:
1237:
1232:
1225:
1219:
1215:
1209:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1190:
1183:Avodah Zarah
1182:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1152:
1141:Chullin 2:22
1140:
1135:Avodah Zarah
1133:
1123:
1103:Johann Maier
1084:
1079:
1057:
1044:
1035:
1009:
994:
962:state of sin
955:
923:
920:
909:
878:
855:Hebrew Bible
852:
829:
821:era of peace
806:
802:
786:
761:Maimonides'
760:
743:
739:
729:
726:Paul Johnson
724:
717:
701:polytheistic
690:
630:
609:government.
588:
580:Third Temple
570:is based on
517:
413:Bar-Serapion
370:
265: /
168:Intercession
148:Resurrection
96:Virgin birth
3868:Descendants
3826:Holy Family
3809:Genealogies
3776:Manichaeism
3682:Incarnation
3677:Christology
3670:1st century
3552:Historicity
3443:Crucifixion
3411:Last Supper
2922:, p. 29-31.
2760:centuries."
2234:Isaiah 11:1
2152:Nachmanides
2043:Deuteronomy
1753:Isaiah 11:9
1676:Ibn Shaprut
1464:Jacob Emden
1448:Neoplatonic
1342:Sennacherib
1054:Jacob Emden
933:48b) "when
848:Nachmanides
709:Deuteronomy
605:nor by the
560:God the Son
433:Life in art
309:Historicity
263:Jesus' race
133:Humiliation
66:Christology
3975:Categories
3714:Son of God
3609:Depictions
3347:Beatitudes
3304:Temptation
3248:Chronology
3112:9652295787
3074:Zev Garber
3006:0773568395
2981:2015-12-23
2781:9042018585
2651:Berger D.
2543:שערי תשובה
2125:2016-12-08
2100:2016-12-08
2028:2016-12-08
2003:2016-12-08
1997:ijs.org.au
1934:Maimonides
1808:2006-03-14
1739:Isaiah 2:4
1682:References
1302:11:10–12.)
1266:Maimonides
1126:papal bull
985:See also:
981:The Talmud
950:See also:
746:Maimonides
673:See also:
637:Son of God
613:Background
544:monotheism
536:Son of God
393:Manichaean
292:Chronology
246:Background
3927:Criticism
3912:Christmas
3788:Mandaeism
3764:Ahmadiyya
3472:Ascension
3396:Anointing
3331:Disciples
3314:Selecting
2612:found in
2541:(1981) .
2119:torah.org
2054:cite book
1196:Although
1191:Ha-Notzri
1185:16b-17a.
1164:Sotah 47a
1158:Sanhedrin
1153:Ha-Notzri
1119:Pharisaic
952:Salvation
901:Scripture
697:heretical
443:Depiction
366:Christian
336:Criticism
326:Mythology
267:genealogy
233:End times
218:Disciples
158:Obedience
153:Ascension
138:Execution
3960:Category
3831:Panthera
3816:(mother)
3575:Josephus
3428:Betrayal
3371:Miracles
3366:Parables
3326:Ministry
3309:Apostles
3266:Nativity
2889:Archived
2755:Schäfer
2696:Boyarin
2521:84-21477
2459:Archived
2441:18:18–22
2417:Archived
2214:Archived
2175:Archived
2045:. 4:12.
1901:(1987).
1856:Archived
1830:Archived
1721:11 March
1580:See also
1525:Orthodox
1512:,), and
1260:apostasy
1177:Berachot
1117:used by
889:18:18–22
789:orthodox
713:the LORD
651:fulfill
552:idolatry
530:was the
528:Nazareth
403:Josephus
398:Mandaean
128:Parables
123:Miracles
111:Ministry
101:Nativity
35:a series
33:Part of
3883:Related
3853:Joachim
3747:Judaism
3737:Jesuism
3637:Statues
3590:Gospels
3580:Tacitus
3570:Sources
3495:Matthew
3490:Gospels
3401:Passion
3354:Prayers
3299:Baptism
3288:Infancy
3233:Outline
3059:13 June
2669:Herford
2142:11:4-5.
2095:aishcom
1886:Ta'anit
1354:Hadrian
1298:them. (
1238:In the
1187:Student
1145:Tosefta
1143:in the
1005:midrash
966:Sabbath
935:Malachi
911:mitzvot
893:prophet
871:Prophet
813:Ezekiel
779:Messiah
693:duality
641:Trinity
607:Israeli
595:Messiah
576:Messiah
568:Messiah
566:as the
532:Messiah
520:Judaism
448:Jesuism
408:Tacitus
381:Islamic
106:Baptism
81:Gospels
3917:Easter
3873:Clopas
3820:Joseph
3802:Family
3699:Relics
3660:Christ
3455:Burial
3433:Arrest
3110:
3084:
3076:(ed.)
3031:
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2956:
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2074:Exodus
1971:
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1791:Rabbi
1570:Talmud
1568:, the
1556:Rabbi
1538:Rabbi
1490:Reform
1470:, and
1422:said:
1417:hakham
1409:Hakham
1338:Sisera
1334:Amalek
1286:Kuzari
1258:" or "
1256:heresy
1252:minuth
1206:Hebrew
1202:Notzri
1198:Notzri
1060:Kuzari
970:gossip
940:Balaam
927:Talmud
809:Isaiah
767:Yigdal
687:Shituf
685:, and
635:, the
599:Christ
558:, as “
556:divine
386:Ahmadi
376:Talmud
371:Jewish
346:Relics
203:Gospel
143:Burial
91:Places
61:Christ
3759:Islam
3438:Trial
3342:Plain
3222:Jesus
2746:waw,"
2545:[
2368:Madah
2270:with
1941:Madda
1566:Torah
1392:Zadok
1350:Titus
1028:Yeshu
991:Yeshu
931:Sotah
881:Torah
844:Judea
705:Torah
524:Jesus
228:Mahdi
223:Death
198:Masih
3859:Heli
3847:Anne
3814:Mary
3510:John
3505:Luke
3500:Mark
3460:Tomb
3156:2012
3108:ISBN
3082:ISBN
3061:2019
3029:ISBN
3001:ISBN
2954:ISBN
2937:ISBN
2916:ISBN
2867:ISBN
2842:ISBN
2817:ISBN
2776:ISBN
2700:1999
2563:ISBN
2517:LCCN
2507:ISBN
2439:and
2292:ISBN
2060:link
1969:ISBN
1915:ISBN
1723:2015
1572:and
1531:and
1508:and
1496:and
1439:and
1396:Anan
1181:and
1162:and
1160:107b
1105:and
1093:and
1058:The
989:and
887:and
873:and
811:and
781:and
582:, a
213:Mary
3251:of
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1946:1:5
1911:144
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1674:of
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