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legitimate. (Yebamot 45a). Jesus is only figuratively termed an illegitimate child. He impelled people to believe that he was a prophet sent by God to clarify perplexities in the Torah, and that he was the
Messiah that was predicted by each and every seer. He interpreted the Torah and its precepts in such a fashion as to lead to their total annulment, to the abolition of all its commandments and to the violation of its prohibitions. The sages, of blessed memory, having become aware of his plans before his reputation spread among our people, meted out fitting punishment to him.
2956:, p. 22: "Mendelssohn depicts Jesus as a model rabbinical Jew... as a loyal rabbi"; p. 259: "Mendelssohn was not the first to make such claims. Jacob Emden (1696-1776), a leading figure of traditional Judaism in eighteenth-century Germany, also looked vary favorably on Jesus"; p. 50: "Elijah Benamozegh (1823-1901) showed the resemblance between parables and ethical imperatives in the gospels and the Talmud, concluding that 'when Jesus spoke these words he was in no way abandoning Judaism'"; p. 258: "Levinsohn avowed that Jesus was a law-abiding Jew"
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new faith, contrary to our Divine religion, and to contend that it was equally God-given. Thereby it hoped to raise doubts and to create confusion, since one is opposed to the other and both supposedly emanate from a Divine source, which would lead to the destruction of both religions. For such is the remarkable plan contrived by a man who is envious and querulous. He will strive to kill his enemy and to save his own life, but when he finds it impossible to attain his objective, he will devise a scheme whereby they both will be slain.
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827:(as espoused by orthodox Christian doctrine), it would be impossible for Jesus to be a patrilineal bloodline descendant of King David. He never reigned as king, and there was no subsequent era of peace or great knowledge. Jesus died without completing or even accomplishing part of any of the messianic tasks, which Christians say will occur at a
2897:, 19:1, Winter 1982, pp. 105-111. "The Nazarene brought about a double kindness in the world. On the one hand, he strengthened the Torah of Moses majestically, as mentioned earlier, and not one of our Sages spoke out more emphatically concerning the immutability of the Torah. And on the other hand, he did much good for the Gentiles."
613:
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block than this: All the prophets affirmed that the
Messiah would redeem Israel, save them, gather their dispersed and strengthen the commandments, but he caused Israel to be destroyed by the sword, their remnants to be dispersed, and humiliated, their changing the Torah, and misleading the world to serve gods besides the Lord.
961:). To gain absolution, a person can repent of that sin, regret the sin, and commit to never do the sin again. God will then forgive their transgression against Him. If a sin is committed against man, the person needs to gain forgiveness from the one he sinned against; it cannot be forgiven by God or another person.
1263:
Concerning Jesus of
Nazareth who imagined himself to become the Messiah and was put to death by the court, the Prophet Daniel said already: "also the rebellious sons of thy people will lift themselves up to establish the vision; but they will stumble." (Dan.11,14) And can there be a greater stumbling
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Original sin, the virgin birth, the
Trinity, and vicarious atonement are among the concepts that Christians embrace but Jews reject.…The doctrine of original sin is totally unacceptable to Jews (as it is to Fundamentalist Christian sects such as the Baptists and Assemblies of God). Jews believe that
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In addition to being a place-name, Nazarenes were Jews who committed to certain extreme observances of religious practice, such as shaving their heads and abstaining from various activities, foods or practices, spending time in contemplation in the desert and so on. They continue being recognized as
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who rose after him, were only to clear the way for
Messiah the King." ... ." when the Messiah will really arise and he will succeed and will reign supreme, at once they shall all return and will know that they inherited lies from their forefathers and that their prophets and forefathers have misled
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After that there arose a new sect which combined the two methods, namely, conquest and controversy, into one, because it believed that this procedure would be more effective in wiping out every trace of the Jewish nation and religion. It, therefore, resolved to lay claim to prophecy and to found a
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died the
Prophecy departed from Israel." As Malachi lived centuries before Jesus it is clear that the rabbis of Talmudic times did not view Jesus as a divinely inspired prophet. Furthermore, the Bible itself includes an example of a prophet who could speak directly with God and could work miracles
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The first one to have adopted this plan was Jesus the
Nazarene, may his bones be ground to dust. He was a Jew because his mother was a Jewess although his father was a Gentile. For in accordance with the principles of our law, a child born of a Jewess and a Gentile, or of a Jewess and a slave, is
913:
Even if someone who appears to be a prophet can perform supernatural acts or signs, no prophet or dreamer can contradict the laws already stated in the Tanakh. Thus, any divergence espoused by Jesus from the tenets of scriptural
Judaism would disqualify him from being considered a prophet in
737:
codified core principles of Modern
Judaism, writing ", the Cause of all, is one. This does not mean one as in one of a pair, nor one like a species (which encompasses many individuals), nor one as in an object that is made up of many elements, nor as a single simple object that is infinitely
758:" prayer, found towards the beginning of the Jewish prayer books used in synagogues around the world, it states "He has no semblance of a body nor is He corporeal". It is a central tenet of Judaism that God does not have any physical characteristics; that God's essence cannot be fathomed.
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Apocryphal gospels: an introduction ：Hans-Josef Klauck p213. "An unfriendly interpretation of the child's name is offered: 'But the name Yeshu means: "May his name be blotted out, and his memory too!"' (§ 58). The three letters of which the name Jesus in Hebrew consists, yod, sin and
804:. Judaism interprets Isaiah 11:1 ("And there shall come forth a shoot out of the stock of Jesse, and a twig shall grow forth out of his roots.") to mean that the messiah will be a patrilineal bloodline descendant of King David. He is expected to return the Jews to their homeland and
787:
who is killed before completing the task (i.e. compelling all of Israel to walk in the way of Torah, repairing the breaches in observance, fighting the wars of God, building the Temple in its place, gathering in the dispersed exiles of Israel) is not the messiah. Maimonides states,
2581:. 2010. p. 220. "Accordingly, scholars' analyses range widely from minimalists (eg, Lauterbach 1951) – who recognize only relatively few passages that actually have Jesus in mind – to moderates (eg, Herford 2006), to maximalists (Klausner 1943, 17–54; especially Schäfer 2007)."
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The second class consists of the most intelligent and educated among the nations, such as the
Syrians, Persians, and Greeks. These also endeavor to demolish our law and to vitiate it by means of arguments which they invent, and by means of controversies which they institute....
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Ever since the time of Revelation, every despot or slave that has attained to power, be he violent or ignoble, has made it his first aim and his final purpose to destroy our law, and to vitiate our religion, by means of the sword, by violence, or by brute force, such as
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that establish the criteria for the coming of the messiah. Judaism does not accept Jesus as a divine being, an intermediary between humans and God, a messiah, or holy. Belief in the Trinity is also held to be incompatible with Judaism, as are a number of other
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2009 p4 "Whereas in the early modern period the "Jesus in the Talmud" paradigm served almost solely as an inexhaustible source for anti-Jewish sentiments, the subject gained more serious and critical recognition in the nineteenth and twentieth
953:. Judaism holds instead that man is born to strive for perfection, and to follow the word of God. Sin is then divided into two categories; transgression against God (through a failure to fulfill ritual obligations, such as not sanctifying the
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divisible. Rather, God is a unity unlike any other possible unity." Some Orthodox Jewish scholars note that the common poetic Jewish expression, "Our Father in Heaven", was used literally by Jesus to refer to God as "his Father in Heaven" (cf.
3084:, p. 361. "Both Greenberg and Sherwin use this model of a bifurcated messianic in different ways to suggest that Jews could, perhaps, accept Jesus as a "messiah" without agreeing with the Christian demands that he is the ultimate messiah."
1968:
During his lifetime, Jesus often spoke of God as "my Father in Heaven." For the Jews, this was a common poetic expression, and one that is still used in Jewish prayers. For the pagan gentiles, however, it had a much more literal
1753:
1451:, some modern Jewish thinkers have come to hold a more positive view of Jesus, arguing that he himself did not abandon Judaism and/or that he benefited non-Jews. Among historic Orthodox rabbis holding these views are
896:
or state that God has changed his mind and wishes things that contradict his already-stated eternal word. There is no concept of the Messiah "fulfilling the law" to free the Israelites from their duty to maintain the
1370:
is a complex one. While Karaites share Rabbanite views in rejecting Christian beliefs of Jesus' divinity and claims to messiahship, Karaites throughout history have held warmer opinions about him. Karaite scholar
729:
To the question, Was Jesus God or man?, the Christians therefore answered: both. After 70 AD, their answer was unanimous and increasingly emphatic. This made a complete breach with Judaism inevitable.
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reported that Karaites believed that Jesus was indeed a righteous man, but was not a prophet, and that the Gospels were not divinely revealed, but created and compiled by Jesus and his disciples.
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We call him Yeshua haTzadik, that is, the "Just". For us Christ did not modify the Old Testament. On the contrary, he affirmed it… Christ is for us a great prophet, but not the messiah.
1063:), understood these references in Talmud as referring to Jesus of Nazareth based on evidence that Jesus of Nazareth lived 130 years prior to the date that Christians believe he lived.
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1282:
Yet no man can grasp the thoughts of the Creator of the world, for our ways are not His ways, and our thoughts are not His thoughts; And all these ways of Jesus of Nazareth and of
1259:
Maimonides lamented the pains that Jews felt as a result of new faiths that attempted to supplant Judaism, specifically Christianity and Islam. Referring to Jesus, he wrote:
1631:
1387:, and others; and that the Rabbanites conspired against him and killed him just as they sought to kill Anan, without success. This is their way with all who oppose them.
792:
But if he did not succeed in all this or was killed, he is definitely not the Mashiach promised in the Torah... and God only appointed him in order to test the masses.
835:, and the Temple was destroyed years later, not rebuilt. These discrepancies were noted by Jewish scholars who were contemporaries of Jesus, as later pointed out by
1550:
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in 2012, in which he depicts Jesus as "a Jewish patriot murdered by Rome for his struggle on behalf of his people." Opinions of the merits of the book differ, with
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was somewhat critical of their accuracy, he seems almost never to have met a possible reference to Jesus that he did not like!70 On the other end of the spectrum,
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59:
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Leiden, 1971 Page 62 "(c) Rabbenu Tam (b.Shabb. 104b) declared: 'This was not Jesus of Nazareth.' But his view, from the 12th century, constitutes no evidence."
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is not found in other early pre-censorship partial manuscripts (the Florence, Hamburg and Karlsruhe) where these cover the passages in question.
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1553:, praising it as "courageous and thought-provoking". Boteach said that the book "traces the teachings of Jesus to their original sources: the
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307:
1239:. In all cases of its use, the references to Yeshu are associated with acts or behaviour that are seen as leading Jews away from Judaism to
999:
Christian authorities in Europe were largely unaware of possible references to Jesus in the Talmud until 1236, when a convert from Judaism,
996:
literature written between 250 CE and 700 CE. There is a spectrum of scholarly views on how many of these references are actually to Jesus.
816:" fills the earth, leading the nations to "end up recognizing the wrongs they did Israel". Ezekiel states the messiah will redeem the Jews.
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issued in 1554 censored the Talmud and other Jewish texts, resulting in the removal of references to Yeshu. No known manuscript of the
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1098:, who consider that there are little or no historical traces and texts have been applied to Jesus in later editing, to others such as
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Matthew B. Hoffman, From rebel to rabbi: reclaiming Jesus and the making of modern Jewish culture, Stanford University Press, 2007,
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1961:
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1345:, may their bones be ground to dust, and others like them. This is one of the two classes which attempt to foil the Divine will.
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found in the Talmud has become the controversial rendition of "Jesus the Nazarene" in Hebrew. For example, by 1180 CE the term
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Deuteronomy 13:1 says, "Be careful to observe only that which I enjoin upon you; neither add to it nor take away from it."
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1251:". Historically, the portrayals of Jesus in the Talmud and Jewish literature were used to justify anti-Jewish sentiments.
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The Lord spoke to you out of the midst of the fire; you heard the sound of the words, but saw no image, just a voice.
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also held Jesus in great regard. A positive view of Jesus is fairly represented among modern Jews in the currents of
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Judaism. This was the view adopted by Jesus' contemporaries, as according to rabbinical tradition as stated in the
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Reading Medieval Religious Disputation: The 1240 "Debate" Between Rabbi Yechiel of Paris and Friar Nicholas Donin
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1071:("Shame of the Gentiles", 1397) makes it evident that Duran gave no credence to Yechiel's theory of two Jesuses.
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Judaism teaches that it is heretical for any man to claim to be God, part of God, or the literal son of God. The
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p39 "This discussion makes it perfectly clear that Duran gave no credence to a theory of two Jesuses." etc.
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Woodcut carved by Johann von Armssheim (1483). Portrays a disputation between Christian and Jewish scholars
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The Karaite Halakah And Its Relation to Saduccean, Samaritan and Philonian Halakah. Part 1 · Volume 1
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includes the concept that God has no body and that physical concepts do not apply to him. In the "
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The trial of Jesus: a study in the Gospels and Jewish Historiography from 1770 to the Present Day,
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Judaism's idea of the messiah differs substantially from the Christian idea of the Messiah. In
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1524:, also hold positive views (Greenberg theorizes Jesus as "a messiah but not The Messiah").
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are thought to contain references to Jesus, including some uncensored manuscripts of the
888:(and no other god); he must not describe God differently from how he is known to be from
839:, who in 1263 observed that Jesus was rejected as the messiah by the rabbis of his time.
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as being based on mistranslations, with the idea that Jesus did not fulfill any of the
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man enters the world free of sin, with a soul that is pure and innocent and untainted.
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Jesus outside the New Testament: an introduction to the ancient evidence p108 "While
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Jews believe that the messiah will fulfill the messianic prophecies of the prophets
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2967:"Rehearing Buber's Jesus Deepens Jewish-Christian Dialogue / By Kramer, Kenneth P."
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beliefs into what became the New Testament. To them, he was not God or God's son.
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Moreover, Judaism sees Christian claims that Jesus is the textual messiah of the
539:, which is central to Judaism; Judaism sees the worship of a person as a form of
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does not appear in the Tosefta, by the time the Babylonian Talmud was produced,
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will be associated with events that have not yet occurred, such as building the
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2939:, p. 329. "Jesus was a good Jew who did not dream of founding a rival church".
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Their Hollow Inheritance. A Comprehensive Refutation of Christian Missionaries
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makes mention of the name, although one translation (Herford) has added it to
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The Jewish view of Jesus is influenced by the fact that Jesus lived while the
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Nonetheless, Maimonides continued, developing a thought earlier expressed in
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the messiah's task is to bring in the Messianic Age, a one-time event, and a
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1981:
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940:
685:
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2382:, 1st edition, p. 296; in christian bibles this verse is Deuteronomy 12:32
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Jews, and believe Jesus lived around 130 or 140 CE and was conflated with
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rabbis to comment on their relationship to and with early messianic Jews.
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For a long time Jews have praised Jesus as a rabbi, a Jew like us really;
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1470:
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540:
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2995:(Rev. ed.). Montreal : McGill-Queen's University Press. p. 4.
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Religions view religions : explorations in pursuit of understanding
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Judaism does not accept any of the claimed fulfilments of prophecy that
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1045:(18th century) support this view, but not all rabbis took this view.
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831:. Rather than being redeemed, the Jews were subsequently exiled from
797:
755:
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595:
587:
544:
69:
1754:"Why the history of messianic Judaism is so fraught and complicated"
3021:
American Post-Judaism: Identity and Renewal in a Postethnic Society
2694:
Dying for God: martyrdom and the making of Christianity and Judaism
3217:
2790:"Epistle to Yemen Complete", "Maimonides, Trans. Boaz Cohen", url=
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1380:
1338:
1199:
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693:
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Jewish history and Jewish memory: essays in honor of Yosef Hayim
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Jesus did not embody the personal qualifications of the Messiah.
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1074:
Modern scholarship on the Talmud has a spectrum of views. From
1768:"How many Israeli Jews believe in Jesus? New book sheds light"
711:
states explicitly: "if a man claims to be God, he is a liar."
1404:
believed Jesus himself was actually a Karaite. Controversial
903:
in Judaism, as is understood in much of Christianity or some
1003:, laid thirty-five formal charges against the Talmud before
2461:, National Jewish Outreach Program, accessed March 14, 2006
1473:, also held more positive views. Austrian-born philosopher
2612:
by J. D. Eisenstein, Hebrew Publishing Society, 1915 and
2343:
Biblical verses "referring" to Jesus are mistranslations.
1842:
Response - Reference Center - FAQ - Proof Texts - Trinity
575:
of peace, and the ingathering of Jews to their homeland.
527:. In the Jewish perspective, it is believed that the way
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or speak for God in Judaism are that he must follow the
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was standing, and not while the Jews were exiled. Being
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in his Jesus von Nazareth in der talmudischen ..." 2000
2410:"Torat Hayim - Living Torah: No Rest(s) for the Wicked"
1700:"Judaism has no place for those who betray their roots"
2452:"Parashat Re'eh 5764-2004: Identifying a True Prophet"
3074:
The Jewish Jesus: Revelation, Reflection, Reclamation
2725:"Ancient Hebrew (Talmud) account of Christ--McKinsey"
2489:
Kolatch, Alfred (2000) . "Judaism and Christianity".
1838:
The concept of Trinity is incompatible with Judaism:
1375:
stated that some Karaites of his day believed that:
16:
Judaism's views on the central figure of Christianity
2200:"Why don't Jews believe that Jesus was the messiah?"
1816:"Why don't Jews believe that Jesus was the messiah?"
582:. Israelis who endorse the belief that Jesus is the
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3797:
3723:
3646:
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2811:. University of South Carolina Press. p. 119.
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https://en.wikisource.org/Epistle_to_Yemen/Complete
1950:
The Real Messiah? A Jewish Response to Missionaries
1531:takes this even further, following the research of
733:In the 12th century, the preeminent Jewish scholar
543:, which is forbidden. Therefore, considering Jesus
2616:by Rabbi Charles D. Chavel, Mosad Horav Kook, 1963
2501:: Jonathan David Publishers, Inc. pp. 61–64.
1891:
1469:, as well as some other religious thinkers of the
2397:Orthodox Union of Jewish Congregations of America
2333:Jews do not accept Jesus as the messiah because:
1632:Opposition to Christianity in Chazalic literature
2376:Tanakh: A New Translation of the Holy Scriptures
1102:(1999), who argue that Jesus in the Talmud is a
1015:in 1240. Yechiel's primary defence was that the
880:), the criteria for a person to be considered a
2836:. Press of Cahan printing Company. p. 88.
2770:(. ed.). Amsterdam : Rodopi. p. 102.
2337:Jesus did not fulfill the messianic prophecies.
1551:International Fellowship of Christians and Jews
1413:
1379:Jesus was a good man and his was in the way of
1377:
1318:
790:
3992:Christianity and Judaism related controversies
3538:Names and titles of Jesus in the New Testament
2859:New Perspectives on Jewish-Christian Relations
2346:Jewish belief is based on national revelation.
949:, as it does not believe people are born in a
3202:
2545:] (in Hebrew and English). translated by
1737:
1735:
488:
8:
3175:"JESUS OF NAZARETH - JewishEncyclopedia.com"
2908:Jesus beyond Christianity: The Classic Texts
2809:Karaite Judaism and historical understanding
1723:
1721:
1698:Schochet, Rabbi J. Emmanuel (29 July 1999).
1007:, and these charges were brought upon rabbi
725:caused by a divergence from this principle:
3121:Seconds out: rabbis scrap over Jesus Christ
1144:is added to the last mention of a Yeshu in
1140:manuscripts of the Talmud, the appellation
3533:New Testament places associated with Jesus
3528:Historical background of the New Testament
3209:
3195:
3187:
2802:
2800:
1702:. The Canadian Jewish News. Archived from
812:and understanding where "the knowledge of
563:, which holds that the coming of the true
495:
481:
31:
18:
1391:Persian historian and Islamic theologian
1019:in rabbinic literature was a disciple of
3860:Jacob (paternal grandfather per Matthew)
2906:Gregory A. Barker and Stephen E. Gregg.
1031:(1263) Nachmanides made the same point.
1676:
2421:Union of American Hebrew Congregations
2080:"Maimonides #3 - God's Incorporeality"
2067:... for man shall not see Me and live.
2040:
1954:National Conference of Synagogue Youth
1138:Jewish Theological Seminary of America
1136:. In the Munich (1342 CE), Paris, and
3044:Feinstein, EveLevavi (19 June 2011).
1857:by Rabbi Singer (outreachjudaism.org)
1023:, and not to be confused with Jesus (
537:absolute unity and singularity of God
7:
3139:"Shmuley Boteach: Was Jesus Kosher?"
3137:Mayefsky, Chana (January 25, 2012).
1366:The historical view of Jesus within
303:Sources for the historicity of Jesus
2707:"The Jesus Narrative In The Talmud"
1948:(1985) . "From Messiah to Christ".
1233:the name of Yeshu is taken to mean
692:. According to Judaic beliefs, the
3851:(traditional maternal grandfather)
3845:(traditional maternal grandmother)
3182:Jewish Encyclopedia: False Prophet
3119:Simon Rocker (January 26, 2012). "
1443:Positive historical re-evaluations
1302:Jesus is mentioned in Maimonides'
984:Various works of classical Jewish
723:schism between Jews and Christians
14:
3076:, Purdue University Press, 2011,
2910:, Oxford University Press, 2010,
2861:. Brill Publishing. p. 486.
2325:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
2180:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
2161:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1804:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1787:"Why Jews Don't Believe in Jesus"
1155:as well as to the occurrences in
1128:to align it with similar text of
808:, reign as king, and usher in an
680:In Judaism, the idea of God as a
658:Oneness and indivisibility of God
3951:
3950:
2579:The Blackwell Companion to Jesus
1243:, a term usually translated as "
1207:can be found in the Maimonides'
1025:Vikkuah Rabbenu Yechiel mi-Paris
688:— it is even considered by some
580:Christianity attributes to Jesus
462:
450:
162:Apparitions and visions of Jesus
3857:(paternal grandfather per Luke)
3102:(Gefen Publishing House, 2012,
2476:The Church of God International
2279:. Gefen Publishing House, Ltd.
1575:Christian–Jewish reconciliation
1090:in the Talmud, to the views of
927:but was "evil", in the form of
696:rules out a trinitarian God in
590:are not considered Jews by the
523:nor do they believe he was the
242:Background to the New Testament
3561:Quest for the historical Jesus
1988:. Israel & Judaism Studies
1982:"Principal Beliefs of Judaism"
1308:, written about 1172 to Rabbi
965:Jesus in rabbinical literature
947:Christian concept of salvation
704:is our God, the LORD is one."
291:Quest for the historical Jesus
1:
2894:Journal of Ecumenical Studies
2491:The Second Jewish Book of Why
2472:"Balaam the Prophet of Error"
1637:The Book of Nestor the Priest
1310:Jacob ben Netan'el al-Fayyumi
1057:
848:Jewish Messiah qualifications
825:conceived via the Holy Spirit
3023:. Indiana University Press.
2882:"Emden's letter about Jesus"
2766:Jerald d. Gort, ed. (2006).
1086:, who see some traces of an
1861:The Doctrine of the Trinity
1814:, accessed March 14, 2006;
1685:"Devarim (Deuteronomy) 6:4"
1600:Judaism's views on Muhammad
1217:11:4, uncensored version).
1197:word for Christian and the
1039:Jehiel ben Solomon Heilprin
945:Judaism does not share the
762:Jesus as the Jewish Messiah
551:”, is forbidden. Judaism's
4013:
3511:Five Discourses of Matthew
2423:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2399:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2380:Jewish Publication Society
2213:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2190:, accessed March 14, 2006.
2170:, accessed March 14, 2006.
1898:. HarperCollins. pp.
1829:, accessed March 14, 2006.
1423:
1067:'s anti-Christian polemic
973:
938:
857:
765:
661:
605:
308:Reliability of the Gospels
3987:Criticism of Christianity
3946:
3224:
1855:The Trinity in the Shema?
1615:List of messiah claimants
1585:Criticism of Christianity
620:The belief that Jesus is
592:Chief Rabbinate of Israel
3738:In comparative mythology
2993:A rabbi talks with Jesus
2391:Frankel, Rabbi Pinchas,
2257:Disputation of Barcelona
2047:: CS1 maint: location (
2013:. Jewish Virtual Library
2011:jewishvirtuallibrary.org
1507:Zalman Schachter-Shalomi
1193:had become the standard
1029:Disputation of Barcelona
608:Christianity and Judaism
247:Language spoken by Jesus
3891:Interactions with women
2991:Neusner, Jacob (2000).
2931:, Paulist Press, 1995,
2832:Revel, Bernard (1913).
2638:Section 3 paragraph 65.
2543:The Gates of Repentance
2448:Buchwald, Rabbi Ephraim
2273:Michoel Drazin (1990).
2104:"Chapter 1: G-D Part 1"
1178:, Zindler and McKinsey
892:; he must not advocate
632:, is incompatible with
457:Christianity portal
3901:Mary, sister of Martha
3521:Oral gospel traditions
2857:Berger, David (2012).
2366:Yeshodai HaTorah 8:7-9
2263:in 1263 paragraph 103.
1417:
1389:
1359:
1314:Yemen Jewish community
1293:
1266:
794:
752:13 principles of faith
731:
647:tenets of Christianity
617:
261:Mental health of Jesus
3628:Life of Christ Museum
3623:Life of Christ in art
3019:Magid, Shaul (2013).
2807:Astren, Fred (2004).
2393:"Covenant of History"
2157:Simmons, Rabbi Shraga
2147:in 1263 paragraph 49.
1894:A History of the Jews
1655:Sefer Joseph Hamekane
1648:Sefer Nizzahon Yashan
1641:Sefer Nestor Ha-Komer
1424:Further information:
1280:
1261:
727:
719:A History of the Jews
700:(6:4): "Hear Israel,
628:, or a person of the
615:
427:Life of Christ Museum
348:Perspectives on Jesus
43:Jesus in Christianity
3444:Sayings on the cross
3402:Entry into Jerusalem
3125:The Jewish Chronicle
2661:Robert E. Van Voorst
2301:"Faith Strengthened"
2143:in his dispute with
1471:Jewish Enlightenment
1457:Eliyahu Soloveitchik
1041:(17th century), and
1021:Joshua ben Perachiah
1013:Disputation of Paris
894:change to God's word
746:God is not corporeal
642:messianic prophecies
529:Christians see Jesus
511:do not believe that
3933:Race and appearance
3871:(traditional uncle)
3777:Jesus the Splendour
3419:Agony in the Garden
3334:Sermon on the Mount
2929:Israel and Humanity
2927:Elijah Benamozegh,
2753:Jesus in the Talmud
2729:www.skeptically.org
2711:talmud.faithweb.com
2682:Jesus in the Talmud
2625:David R. Catchpole
2591:Saadia R. Eisenberg
2555:Feldheim Publishers
2408:Edwards, Laurence,
2255:Nachmanides in the
1863:(religionfacts.com)
1770:. 19 February 2022.
1756:. 13 November 2018.
1563:rabbinic literature
1549:, President of the
1535:. Boteach authored
986:rabbinic literature
976:Jesus in the Talmud
935:Jesus and salvation
105:Sermon on the Mount
3982:Christ myth theory
3918:Rejection of Jesus
3595:Christ myth theory
3412:Farewell Discourse
3050:The Jerusalem Post
2887:2013-01-15 at the
2547:Shraga Silverstein
2457:2017-04-11 at the
2433:Deuteronomy 13:1–5
2415:2005-12-21 at the
2306:2007-09-29 at the
2205:2020-05-08 at the
2166:2006-03-16 at the
2065:. pp. 25:20.
2007:"Anthropomorphism"
1851:(Jews for Judaism)
1847:2007-06-09 at the
1821:2020-05-08 at the
1595:Criticism of Jesus
1590:Rejection of Jesus
1580:Christ myth theory
1362:In Karaite Judaism
1080:R. Travers Herford
992:and the classical
874:Deuteronomy 13:1–5
854:Prophecy and Jesus
806:rebuild the Temple
772:Messiah in Judaism
668:Godhead in Judaism
618:
561:Jewish eschatology
553:rejection of Jesus
535:, a belief in the
3964:
3963:
3886:Language of Jesus
3833:Brothers of Jesus
3705:Session of Christ
3581:Mara bar Serapion
3382:Great Commandment
3277:Flight into Egypt
3169:The False Prophet
3144:Publishers Weekly
2577:Delbert Burkett.
2564:978-0-87306-252-7
2508:978-0-8246-0314-4
2234:Isaiah 52:13–53:5
1626:Milhamoth ha-Shem
1620:Messianic Judaism
1467:Moses Mendelssohn
1461:Elijah Benamozegh
1402:Abraham Firkovich
1069:Kelimmat ha-Goyim
1011:to defend at the
990:Babylonian Talmud
905:Messianic Judaism
868:According to the
505:
504:
320:Jesus myth theory
4004:
3977:Jesus in Judaism
3954:
3953:
3829:(alleged father)
3683:Person of Christ
3556:Historical Jesus
3387:Olivet Discourse
3315:Great Commission
3211:
3204:
3197:
3188:
3178:
3156:
3155:
3153:
3151:
3134:
3128:
3117:
3111:
3091:
3085:
3067:
3061:
3060:
3058:
3056:
3046:"JESUS FOR JEWS"
3041:
3035:
3034:
3016:
3010:
3009:
2988:
2982:
2981:
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2978:
2963:
2957:
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2652:
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2630:
2623:
2617:
2610:Otzar Havikuchim
2606:Vikuach HaRamban
2602:
2596:
2588:
2582:
2575:
2569:
2568:
2551:Nanuet, New York
2531:
2525:
2524:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2468:
2462:
2445:
2439:
2430:
2424:
2406:
2400:
2389:
2383:
2373:
2367:
2358:
2352:
2351:
2317:
2311:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2270:
2264:
2261:Pablo Christiani
2253:
2247:
2242:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2220:
2214:
2197:
2191:
2177:
2171:
2154:
2148:
2145:Pablo Christiani
2138:
2132:
2129:Hilchos Melachim
2125:
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2100:
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2019:
2018:
2003:
1997:
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1978:
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1933:Yesodei ha-Torah
1920:
1914:
1913:
1897:
1884:
1878:
1872:
1866:
1836:
1830:
1801:
1799:
1798:
1789:. Archived from
1778:
1772:
1771:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1750:
1744:
1739:
1730:
1725:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1711:
1706:on 20 March 2001
1695:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1547:Yechiel Eckstein
1543:Israeli-American
1518:Irving Greenberg
1516:rabbis, such as
1495:Milton Steinberg
1449:historical Jesus
1447:Considering the
1430:Nazarene (title)
1305:Epistle to Yemen
1297:Epistle to Yemen
1289:Hilkhot Melakhim
1215:Hilchos Melachim
1119:Jerusalem Talmud
1088:historical Jesus
1062:
1061: 1075–1141
1059:
1037:(11th century),
1027:). At the later
1009:Yechiel of Paris
785:presumed messiah
781:Rabbinic Judaism
721:, describes the
709:Jerusalem Talmud
497:
490:
483:
469:Islam portal
467:
466:
465:
455:
454:
415:Jesus in culture
286:Historical Jesus
274:Jesus in history
197:Names and titles
152:Heavenly Session
60:Names and titles
35:
19:
4012:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3960:
3942:
3874:
3793:
3725:In other faiths
3719:
3642:
3638:Transfiguration
3599:
3542:
3472:
3372:Transfiguration
3246:
3238:
3220:
3215:
3173:
3165:
3160:
3159:
3149:
3147:
3136:
3135:
3131:
3118:
3114:
3094:Shmuley Boteach
3092:
3088:
3068:
3064:
3054:
3052:
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3038:
3031:
3018:
3017:
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2976:
2974:
2965:
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2947:
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2926:
2922:
2905:
2901:
2889:Wayback Machine
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2624:
2620:
2614:Kitvey HaRamban
2603:
2599:
2589:
2585:
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2565:
2533:
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2528:
2509:
2488:
2487:
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2459:Wayback Machine
2446:
2442:
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2427:
2417:Wayback Machine
2407:
2403:
2390:
2386:
2378:, ©1985 by The
2374:
2370:
2359:
2355:
2349:
2323:(May 9, 2009).
2321:Simmons, Shraga
2319:
2318:
2314:
2308:Wayback Machine
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2294:
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2272:
2271:
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2207:Wayback Machine
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2168:Wayback Machine
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1529:Shmuley Boteach
1487:Kaufmann Kohler
1445:
1432:
1426:Nazarene (sect)
1422:
1409:Seraya Shapshal
1373:Jacob Qirqisani
1368:Karaite Judaism
1364:
1300:
1257:
1225:
1205:Yeshu Ha-Notzri
1200:Yeshu Ha-Notzri
1104:literary device
1076:Joseph Klausner
1060:
1005:Pope Gregory IX
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972:
967:
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937:
866:
858:Main articles:
856:
774:
766:Main articles:
764:
748:
678:
660:
655:
653:Jewish theology
636:. Jews believe
634:Jewish theology
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3896:Mary Magdalene
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3516:Gospel harmony
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3234:List of topics
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3163:External links
3161:
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3129:
3112:
3086:
3062:
3036:
3030:978-0253008091
3029:
3011:
3001:
2983:
2969:Archived from
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2899:
2874:
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2849:
2842:
2824:
2817:
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2783:
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2698:
2685:
2680:Peter Schäfer
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2604:paragraph 22.
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2535:Gerondi, Yonah
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2495:Middle Village
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2299:Troki, Isaac.
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1962:
1956:. p. 33.
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1782:Shraga Simmons
1773:
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1661:The Touchstone
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1610:Jews for Jesus
1607:
1605:Jesus in Islam
1602:
1597:
1592:
1587:
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1577:
1570:
1567:
1522:Jonathan Sacks
1503:Jewish Renewal
1483:Emil G. Hirsch
1444:
1441:
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1393:Al-Shahrastani
1363:
1360:
1335:Nebuchadnezzar
1312:, head of the
1299:
1294:
1284:This Ismaelite
1256:
1253:
1224:
1219:
1161:Sanhedrin 103a
1113:The Vatican's
1100:Daniel Boyarin
1035:Jacob ben Meir
1001:Nicholas Donin
971:
968:
966:
963:
936:
933:
855:
852:
763:
760:
747:
744:
717:, in his book
684:or trinity is
664:God in Judaism
659:
656:
654:
651:
606:Main article:
603:
600:
503:
502:
500:
499:
492:
485:
477:
474:
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471:
459:
444:
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429:
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367:
362:
357:
351:
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327:
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312:
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305:
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233:
232:
229:
228:
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209:
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199:
194:
189:
183:
180:Jesus in Islam
178:
177:
174:
173:
170:
169:
164:
159:
154:
149:
144:
139:
134:
129:
124:
119:
114:
109:
108:
107:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
75:Gospel harmony
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
46:
41:
40:
37:
36:
28:
27:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4009:
3998:
3997:Talmud people
3995:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3978:
3975:
3974:
3972:
3957:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3928:Mental health
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3902:
3899:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3892:
3889:
3887:
3884:
3883:
3881:
3877:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3859:
3856:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3825:
3823:
3820:
3817:
3814:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3796:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3761:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3749:
3748:In the Talmud
3746:
3745:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3726:
3722:
3716:
3715:Cosmic Christ
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3700:Second Coming
3698:
3696:
3693:
3689:
3688:Pre-existence
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3662:
3659:
3658:
3657:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3649:
3645:
3639:
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3634:
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3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3610:
3608:
3606:
3602:
3596:
3593:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3554:
3553:
3551:
3549:
3545:
3539:
3536:
3534:
3531:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3492:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3484:
3483:
3481:
3479:
3478:New Testament
3475:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3452:
3449:
3445:
3442:
3441:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3400:
3398:
3395:
3393:
3390:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3356:
3355:Lord's Prayer
3353:
3352:
3351:
3348:
3344:
3341:
3340:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3328:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3320:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3290:Unknown years
3288:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3273:
3272:Date of birth
3270:
3268:
3265:
3264:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3255:
3254:
3252:
3250:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3232:
3230:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3219:
3212:
3207:
3205:
3200:
3198:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3183:
3180:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3166:
3162:
3150:September 26,
3146:
3145:
3140:
3133:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3116:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3101:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3087:
3083:
3082:1-55753-579-5
3079:
3075:
3071:
3066:
3063:
3051:
3047:
3040:
3037:
3032:
3026:
3022:
3015:
3012:
3008:
3004:
2998:
2994:
2987:
2984:
2973:on 2016-03-04
2972:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2955:
2954:0-8047-5371-7
2951:
2945:
2942:
2938:
2937:0-8047-5371-7
2934:
2930:
2924:
2921:
2917:
2916:0-19-955345-9
2913:
2909:
2903:
2900:
2896:
2895:
2890:
2886:
2883:
2878:
2875:
2870:
2868:9789004221178
2864:
2860:
2853:
2850:
2845:
2843:9781548603533
2839:
2835:
2828:
2825:
2820:
2818:9781570035180
2814:
2810:
2803:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2787:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2769:
2762:
2759:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2738:
2735:
2730:
2726:
2720:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2677:
2674:
2670:
2666:
2662:
2657:
2654:
2650:
2644:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2619:
2615:
2611:
2607:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2587:
2584:
2580:
2574:
2571:
2566:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2540:
2536:
2530:
2527:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2504:
2500:
2496:
2492:
2485:
2482:
2477:
2473:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2434:
2429:
2426:
2422:
2418:
2414:
2411:
2405:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2388:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2372:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2361:Mishneh Torah
2357:
2354:
2350:
2345:
2342:
2339:
2336:
2335:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2316:
2313:
2309:
2305:
2302:
2296:
2293:
2288:
2286:965-229-070-X
2282:
2278:
2277:
2269:
2266:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2249:
2246:
2245:Ezekiel 16:55
2241:
2238:
2235:
2230:
2227:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2201:
2196:
2193:
2189:
2188:Ask the Rabbi
2185:
2181:
2176:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2137:
2134:
2130:
2124:
2121:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2085:
2081:
2075:
2072:
2068:
2064:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2044:
2037:
2033:
2027:
2024:
2012:
2008:
2002:
1999:
1987:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1970:
1965:
1963:1-879016-11-7
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1946:Kaplan, Aryeh
1941:
1938:
1934:
1931:
1928:
1927:Mishneh Torah
1924:
1919:
1916:
1911:
1909:0-06-091533-1
1905:
1901:
1896:
1895:
1889:
1888:Johnson, Paul
1883:
1880:
1876:
1871:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1856:
1853:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1832:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1817:
1813:
1812:Ask the Rabbi
1809:
1805:
1793:on 2006-03-16
1792:
1788:
1783:
1777:
1774:
1769:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1743:
1738:
1736:
1732:
1729:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1705:
1701:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1670:
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1659:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1642:
1638:
1635:
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1630:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1621:
1618:
1616:
1613:
1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1539:
1534:
1530:
1525:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1499:Byron Sherwin
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1431:
1427:
1420:As a Nazarene
1419:
1416:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1403:
1400:
1399:
1394:
1388:
1386:
1382:
1376:
1374:
1369:
1361:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1336:
1332:
1328:
1324:
1317:
1315:
1311:
1307:
1306:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1276:
1271:
1265:
1260:
1254:
1252:
1250:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1232:
1231:
1230:Toledot Yeshu
1223:
1222:Toledot Yeshu
1220:
1218:
1216:
1212:
1211:
1210:Mishneh Torah
1206:
1202:
1201:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1183:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1157:Sanhedrin 43a
1154:
1150:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1116:
1111:
1109:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1096:Jacob Neusner
1093:
1089:
1085:
1084:Peter Schäfer
1081:
1077:
1072:
1070:
1066:
1065:Profiat Duran
1055:
1054:Yehuda Halevi
1051:
1050:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1014:
1010:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
987:
981:
977:
969:
964:
962:
960:
956:
952:
948:
942:
934:
932:
930:
925:
921:
917:
911:
908:
906:
902:
901:
895:
891:
887:
886:God of Israel
883:
879:
875:
871:
865:
864:False prophet
861:
853:
851:
849:
845:
840:
838:
834:
830:
829:Second Coming
826:
822:
821:Second Temple
817:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
793:
789:
786:
782:
779:
773:
769:
761:
759:
757:
753:
745:
743:
741:
740:Lord's Prayer
736:
730:
726:
724:
720:
716:
712:
710:
705:
703:
699:
695:
691:
687:
683:
677:
673:
672:Shema Yisrael
669:
665:
657:
652:
650:
648:
643:
639:
638:Jesus did not
635:
631:
627:
623:
614:
609:
601:
599:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
576:
574:
573:Messianic Age
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
542:
538:
534:
531:goes against
530:
526:
522:
518:
514:
510:
507:Adherents of
498:
493:
491:
486:
484:
479:
478:
476:
475:
470:
460:
458:
453:
448:
447:
446:
445:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
423:
420:
419:
416:
411:
410:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
383:
380:
376:
373:
372:
371:
368:
366:
363:
361:
358:
356:
353:
352:
349:
344:
343:
336:
333:
331:
330:Unknown years
328:
326:
323:
321:
318:
316:
313:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
299:
296:
292:
289:
288:
287:
284:
282:
279:
278:
275:
270:
269:
262:
259:
257:
253:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
236:
231:
230:
223:
220:
218:
215:
213:
210:
208:
205:
203:
200:
198:
195:
193:
190:
188:
185:
184:
181:
176:
175:
168:
167:Second Coming
165:
163:
160:
158:
155:
153:
150:
148:
145:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
106:
103:
102:
101:
98:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
65:Life of Jesus
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
44:
39:
38:
34:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3838:Holy Kinship
3789:Master Jesus
3767:Baháʼà Faith
3742:
3661:Christianity
3648:Christianity
3618:Christ Child
3613:Bibliography
3463:Resurrection
3377:Homelessness
3286:(apocryphal)
3267:Virgin birth
3257:Annunciation
3249:Jesus's life
3148:. Retrieved
3142:
3132:
3124:
3115:
3099:Kosher Jesus
3097:
3089:
3073:
3065:
3053:. Retrieved
3049:
3039:
3020:
3014:
3006:
2992:
2986:
2975:. Retrieved
2971:the original
2961:
2944:
2928:
2923:
2907:
2902:
2892:
2877:
2858:
2852:
2833:
2827:
2808:
2786:
2767:
2761:
2752:
2747:
2737:
2728:
2719:
2710:
2701:
2693:
2688:
2681:
2676:
2669:Johann Maier
2656:
2648:
2643:
2634:
2626:
2621:
2613:
2609:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2586:
2578:
2573:
2542:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2490:
2484:
2475:
2466:
2443:
2428:
2404:
2387:
2375:
2371:
2363:
2356:
2332:
2329:Aish HaTorah
2315:
2295:
2275:
2268:
2251:
2240:
2229:
2218:
2211:AskMoses.com
2195:
2187:
2184:Ohr Samayach
2175:
2152:
2136:
2128:
2127:Maimonides,
2123:
2112:. Retrieved
2110:. 2 May 2007
2107:
2098:
2087:. Retrieved
2083:
2074:
2066:
2062:
2057:
2035:
2031:
2026:
2015:. Retrieved
2010:
2001:
1990:. Retrieved
1985:
1976:
1969:connotation.
1967:
1952:. New York:
1949:
1940:
1932:
1929:
1918:
1893:
1882:
1870:
1834:
1827:AskMoses.com
1811:
1808:Ohr Samayach
1795:. Retrieved
1791:the original
1776:
1762:
1748:
1708:. Retrieved
1704:the original
1693:
1679:
1660:
1653:
1646:
1640:
1624:
1538:Kosher Jesus
1536:
1533:Hyam Maccoby
1526:
1512:Some modern
1511:
1491:Conservative
1475:Martin Buber
1465:
1446:
1433:
1414:
1405:
1396:
1390:
1378:
1365:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1319:
1303:
1301:
1296:
1288:
1281:
1273:
1270:Judah Halevi
1267:
1262:
1258:
1240:
1236:yimakh shemo
1234:
1228:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1208:
1204:
1198:
1190:
1186:
1184:
1179:
1172:Avodah Zarah
1171:
1164:
1160:
1156:
1152:
1145:
1141:
1130:Chullin 2:22
1129:
1124:Avodah Zarah
1122:
1112:
1092:Johann Maier
1073:
1068:
1046:
1033:
1024:
998:
983:
951:state of sin
944:
912:
909:
898:
867:
844:Hebrew Bible
841:
818:
810:era of peace
795:
791:
775:
750:Maimonides'
749:
732:
728:
718:
715:Paul Johnson
713:
706:
690:polytheistic
679:
619:
598:government.
577:
569:Third Temple
559:is based on
506:
402:Bar-Serapion
359:
254: /
157:Intercession
137:Resurrection
85:Virgin birth
3864:Descendants
3822:Holy Family
3805:Genealogies
3772:Manichaeism
3678:Incarnation
3673:Christology
3666:1st century
3548:Historicity
3439:Crucifixion
3407:Last Supper
2918:, p. 29-31.
2756:centuries."
2223:Isaiah 11:1
2141:Nachmanides
2032:Deuteronomy
1742:Isaiah 11:9
1665:Ibn Shaprut
1453:Jacob Emden
1437:Neoplatonic
1331:Sennacherib
1043:Jacob Emden
922:48b) "when
837:Nachmanides
698:Deuteronomy
594:nor by the
549:God the Son
422:Life in art
298:Historicity
252:Jesus' race
122:Humiliation
55:Christology
3971:Categories
3710:Son of God
3605:Depictions
3343:Beatitudes
3300:Temptation
3244:Chronology
3108:9652295787
3070:Zev Garber
3002:0773568395
2977:2015-12-23
2777:9042018585
2647:Berger D.
2539:שערי תשובה
2114:2016-12-08
2089:2016-12-08
2017:2016-12-08
1992:2016-12-08
1986:ijs.org.au
1923:Maimonides
1797:2006-03-14
1728:Isaiah 2:4
1671:References
1291:11:10–12.)
1255:Maimonides
1115:papal bull
974:See also:
970:The Talmud
939:See also:
735:Maimonides
662:See also:
626:Son of God
602:Background
533:monotheism
525:Son of God
382:Manichaean
281:Chronology
235:Background
3938:Sexuality
3923:Criticism
3908:Christmas
3784:Mandaeism
3760:Ahmadiyya
3468:Ascension
3392:Anointing
3327:Disciples
3310:Selecting
2608:found in
2537:(1981) .
2108:torah.org
2043:cite book
1185:Although
1180:Ha-Notzri
1174:16b-17a.
1153:Sotah 47a
1147:Sanhedrin
1142:Ha-Notzri
1108:Pharisaic
941:Salvation
890:Scripture
686:heretical
432:Depiction
355:Christian
325:Criticism
315:Mythology
256:genealogy
222:End times
207:Disciples
147:Obedience
142:Ascension
127:Execution
3956:Category
3827:Panthera
3812:(mother)
3571:Josephus
3424:Betrayal
3367:Miracles
3362:Parables
3322:Ministry
3305:Apostles
3262:Nativity
2885:Archived
2751:Schäfer
2692:Boyarin
2517:84-21477
2455:Archived
2437:18:18–22
2413:Archived
2304:Archived
2203:Archived
2164:Archived
2034:. 4:12.
1890:(1987).
1845:Archived
1819:Archived
1710:11 March
1569:See also
1514:Orthodox
1501:,), and
1249:apostasy
1166:Berachot
1106:used by
878:18:18–22
778:orthodox
702:the LORD
640:fulfill
541:idolatry
519:was the
517:Nazareth
392:Josephus
387:Mandaean
117:Parables
112:Miracles
100:Ministry
90:Nativity
24:a series
22:Part of
3879:Related
3849:Joachim
3743:Judaism
3733:Jesuism
3633:Statues
3586:Gospels
3576:Tacitus
3566:Sources
3491:Matthew
3486:Gospels
3397:Passion
3350:Prayers
3295:Baptism
3284:Infancy
3229:Outline
3055:13 June
2665:Herford
2131:11:4-5.
2084:aishcom
1875:Ta'anit
1343:Hadrian
1287:them. (
1227:In the
1176:Student
1134:Tosefta
1132:in the
994:midrash
955:Sabbath
924:Malachi
900:mitzvot
882:prophet
860:Prophet
802:Ezekiel
768:Messiah
682:duality
630:Trinity
596:Israeli
584:Messiah
565:Messiah
557:Messiah
555:as the
521:Messiah
509:Judaism
437:Jesuism
397:Tacitus
370:Islamic
95:Baptism
70:Gospels
3913:Easter
3869:Clopas
3816:Joseph
3798:Family
3695:Relics
3656:Christ
3451:Burial
3429:Arrest
3106:
3080:
3072:(ed.)
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1780:Rabbi
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1527:Rabbi
1479:Reform
1459:, and
1411:said:
1406:hakham
1398:Hakham
1327:Sisera
1323:Amalek
1275:Kuzari
1247:" or "
1245:heresy
1241:minuth
1195:Hebrew
1191:Notzri
1187:Notzri
1049:Kuzari
959:gossip
929:Balaam
916:Talmud
798:Isaiah
756:Yigdal
676:Shituf
674:, and
624:, the
588:Christ
547:, as “
545:divine
375:Ahmadi
365:Talmud
360:Jewish
335:Relics
192:Gospel
132:Burial
80:Places
50:Christ
3755:Islam
3434:Trial
3338:Plain
3218:Jesus
2742:waw,"
2541:[
2364:Madah
2259:with
1930:Madda
1555:Torah
1381:Zadok
1339:Titus
1017:Yeshu
980:Yeshu
920:Sotah
870:Torah
833:Judea
694:Torah
513:Jesus
217:Mahdi
212:Death
187:Masih
3855:Heli
3843:Anne
3810:Mary
3506:John
3501:Luke
3496:Mark
3456:Tomb
3152:2012
3104:ISBN
3078:ISBN
3057:2019
3025:ISBN
2997:ISBN
2950:ISBN
2933:ISBN
2912:ISBN
2863:ISBN
2838:ISBN
2813:ISBN
2772:ISBN
2696:1999
2559:ISBN
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2435:and
2281:ISBN
2049:link
1958:ISBN
1904:ISBN
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1561:and
1520:and
1497:and
1485:and
1428:and
1385:Anan
1170:and
1151:and
1149:107b
1094:and
1082:and
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876:and
862:and
800:and
770:and
571:, a
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