283:
31:
389:. Thereafter, he focused primarily on the relationship between architecture, monumentality, and national narratives. His anti-architectural sculptures, performances, and videos seek to liberate architecture's privileged material, stone, from its metaphorical associations with monumentality, stability and permanence. His exhibitions in Europe have included venues such as the
625:
In June 2017, ten
Cherokee tribal representatives, artists, and scholars published an open letter about Durham, titled, "Dear Unsuspecting Public, Jimmie Durham Is a Trickster - Jimmie Durham's indigenous identity has always been a fabrication and remains one":
235:(AIM). From 1973 until 1980 he worked as a political organizer with AIM, becoming a member of the movement's Central Council and representing himself as Native American. Usually he claimed to be Cherokee and wrote on behalf of the organization.
141:(AIM). He returned to working at art while living in New York City. His work has been extensively exhibited. Durham also received the GĂĽnther-Peill-Preis (2003), the Foundation for Contemporary Arts Robert Rauschenberg Award (2017), and the
2128:
301:, Durham focused his attention to visual art. He created sculptures that challenged conventional representations of North American Indians. He exhibited and published essays frequently. From 1981 to 1983 he directed the
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1232:
152:
but that claim has been denied by tribal representatives: "Durham is neither enrolled nor eligible for citizenship in any of the three federally-recognized and historical
Cherokee Tribes: the
1536:
642:. These false claims are harmful as they misrepresent Native people, undermine tribal sovereignty, and trivialize the important work by legitimate Native artists and cultural leaders.
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780:
Durham, Jimmie. (1998) "The Centre of the World is
Several Places (Parts I & II)." Interview by Beverly Koski and Richard William Hill (Berlin, February 1998).
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1564:, edited by Jean Fisher, published by Kala Press / Third Text, London, 1993, ISBN 0 947753 03 6 (hardback), ISBN 0 947753 04 4 (paperback)
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1881:
1048:"Dear Unsuspecting Public, Jimmie Durham Is a TricksterL Jimmie Durham's Indigenous identity has always been a fabrication and remains one"
1349:
1259:""The Process of Coming Back into the World": An American Indian Movement (A.I.M.) Activist Advocates Cultural and Political Unification"
1886:
1055:
540:
239:
829:
The Second
Particle Wave Theory. As Performed on the Banks of the River Wear, a Stone's Throw from S'Underland and the Durham Cathedral
1604:
647:
611:
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Durham is neither enrolled nor eligible for citizenship in any of the three federally-recognized and historical
Cherokee Tribes: the
630:
Durham is neither enrolled nor eligible for citizenship in any of the three federally-recognized and historical
Cherokee Tribes: the
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243:
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274:) and Durham resigned from the IITC and AIM in 1979 over disagreements about AIM's support of Cuba and other Soviet allies.
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Durham claimed to be quarter-blood
Cherokee and to have grown up in a Cherokee-speaking community. He was raised in Texas,
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1942:
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755:. Champagne-Ardenne, Calais, Anvers: Le College Editions, Galerie de l'Ancienne Poste, Galerie Micheline Szwajcer.
753:
Eurasian
Project, Stage One: La Porte de l'Europe (Les Bourgeois de Calais, La Leon d'Anatomie. A Progress Report)
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They went on to state that by claiming to exhibit his work as a
Cherokee person, Durham is in violation of the
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2017:
2012:
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and started exhibiting his work. His first solo exhibition in Austin was in 1965. In 1969 Durham moved to
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of
African Americans and Native Americans in the 1960s and 1970s, serving on the central council of the
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1977:
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602:, as his father traveled looking for work. According to Cherokee lawyer, justice and law professor
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for the purposes of career advancement. Durham is described as having "made a career of being
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1987:
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Durham, Jimmie. (2005) "Various Element of Cowboy Life" & "Cherokee-US Relations", in
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1265:. American Social History Project / Center for Media and Learning (Graduate Center, CUNY)
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In the 1960s Durham became active in theater, performance and literature related to the
30:
2057:
1794:
1595:; De Baere, Bart; Durham, Jimmie; Kreuger, Anders; Hill, Richard William, eds. (2012).
1569:
Mulvey, Laura; Durham, Jimmie; Snauwaert, Dirk; Durant, Mark Alice; Hill, eds. (1995).
912:
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Jimmie Durham: Between the Furniture and the Building (Between a Rock and a Hard Place)
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After several years in Mexico, Durham moved to Europe in 1994, initially relocating to
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1997:
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Artist's Portrait: Jimmie Durham, by Johannes SchlebrĂĽgge (Museum in Progress, 2000)
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192:. His parents were Jerry Loren Durham and Ethel Pauline Simmons Durham, both born in
110:
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Durham, Jimmie. (1994) "A friend of mine said that Art is a European Invention", in
2002:
1967:
1937:
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1702:
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Jimmie Durham, A Certain Lack of Coherence: Writings on Art and Cultural Politics
618:
with no known ties to any Cherokee community, although he has claimed to be Wolf
586:. The retrospective reignited debate about Durham's claims of Cherokee ancestry.
1927:
1435:
942:"Jimmie Durham Retrospective Reignites Debate Over His Claim of Native Ancestry"
902:
816:
Durham, Jimmie. (2004) "Stones Rejected by the Builder", in G. Di Pietrantonio,
739:
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709:
658:
567:
559:
1336:"Harper's Anthology of Twentieth Century Native American Poetry - Duane Niatum"
324:, Mexico. During his time in Mexico, Durham exhibited widely, including at the
1992:
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Durham, Jimmie. (2001) "Belief in Europe", in S. Hassan & I. Dadi (eds.).
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802:. Rotterdam: Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen/Nai Publishers, pp. 290–293.
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In 1973, Durham returned to the United States and became involved with the
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1012:"Biennale Arte 2019 | Jimmie Durham Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement"
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149:
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1099:"Rachel Dolezal Outs Andrea Smith Again; Will Anybody Listen This Time?"
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vol. 21, nos. 3 & 4, 1998. pp. 24–33 & 46-53, respectively.
738:
Durham, Jimmie. (1995) "Attending to Words and Bones: An Interview with
673:
Durham died on November 17, 2021, in Berlin, Germany, at the age of 81.
246:. He later became chief administrator of the IITC and worked toward the
729:
Durham, Jimmie. (1994) "Jimmie Durham: Interviewed by Mark Gisbourne",
544:
476:
173:
1538:
From Wounded Knee to Checkpoint Charlie: The Alliance for Sovereignty
1436:"Beyond Jimmie Durham: Contemporary Native American Art and Identity"
653:
Some institutions hosted events to discuss these issues, such as the
439:, United Kingdom. In 2006 he also had various works displayed at the
413:
386:
382:
337:
216:
1690:
1461:"Jimmie Durham, Sculptor Who Explored Indigenous Themes, Dies at 81"
1155:"Jimmie Durham at the Whitney: Cherokee artist or white imposter?"
706:
A Certain Lack of Coherence: Writings on Art and Cultural Politics
529:
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126:
356:. He also published a number of essays in periodicals, including
1130:"Selected Chronology," Jimmie Durham: At the Center of the World
724:
Global Visions, Toward a New Internationalism in the Visual Arts
619:
130:
1712:
2129:
American people who self-identify as being of Cherokee descent
1412:"How Can Contemporary Art Be More Inclusive of Native Voices?"
431:
in 2004. In 2005 Durham co-curated with Richard William Hill
824:. Milan: Charta, Fondazione Antonio Ratti, pp. 117–130.
622:
and to have been raised with Cherokee as a first language."
539:, curated by Bart De Baere and Anders Kreuger, was shown at
494:, a comprehensive survey of his art, with contributions by
860:. Berlin, London: Wiens Verlag and Edition Hansjörg Mayer.
805:
Durham, Jimmie. (2004) "Situations", in C. Doherty (ed.).
315:
Harper's Anthology of 20th Century Native American Poetry
988:"Jimmie Durham :: Foundation for Contemporary Arts"
875:
Waiting to be interrupted, selected writings 1993-2012
164:." He had "no known ties to any Cherokee community".
1597:
Jimmie Durham: A Matter of Life and Death and Singing
1386:"Why It Matters That Jimmie Durham Is Not a Cherokee"
1372:"Goslarer Kaiserring 2016 an Jimmie Durham verliehen"
1074:
United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians of Oklahoma
121:(July 10, 1940 – November 17, 2021) was an American
1905:
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1666:, au Musée d'art moderne de la ville de Paris, sur
451:. In 2009, a permanent public art piece by Durham,
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21:
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1233:"Artist Jimmie Durham drops boulders to stop time"
791:. Kitakyushu, Japan: Centre for Contemporary Art,
717:Jimmie Durham: My Book, The East London Coelacanth
313:, a book of his poems. His poetry was included in
1698:, public art piece by Jimmie Durham, 2009, France
1128:Stevens, Mackenzie (2017). Ellegood, Anne (ed.).
16:American sculptor, essayist, and poet (1940–2021)
695:Partial Recall: Photos of Native North Americans
145:'s Golden Lion for lifetime achievement (2019).
435:, an attack on cowboy and Indian mythology, at
1897:National Amerindianist American Redman's Party
1724:
501:In 2003, a retrospective of his work, titled
8:
1517:Encyclopedia of the American Indian Movement
1038:
1036:
1034:
1032:
172:Jimmie Durham was born on July 10, 1940, in
133:. He was active in the United States in the
1705:, solo exhibition at MHKA (Antwerp) in 2012
1294:
1292:
1046:; Luzene Hill; et al. (26 June 2017).
873:Durham, Jimmie; Fisher, Jean, eds. (2014).
520:In 2009, Durham had a retrospective titled
250:granting the IITC status as a "Category II
1810:Bureau of Indian Affairs building takeover
1731:
1717:
1709:
1235:. News from Indian Country. Archived from
807:Contemporary Art: from Studio to Situation
552:Jimmie Durham: At the Center of the World,
503:From the West Pacific to the East Atlantic
29:
18:
1616:Jimmie Durham: At the Center of the World
1497:Jimmie Durham: At the Center of the World
846:. pp. 9–22 & 51-59 respectively.
636:United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians
498:, Dirk Snauwaert, and Mark Alice Durant.
426:A Grain of Dust A Drop of Water: The 5th
158:United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians
1097:Steve Russell, Editorial (1 July 2015).
863:Durham, Jimmie. (2013) "Vandalismo", in
851:Amoxohtli/Libro de Carretera/A Road Book
554:curated by Anne Ellegood, opened at the
526:Musée d'Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris
424:, among many others. He participated in
281:
2124:Members of the American Indian Movement
1825:Statue of Christopher Columbus toppling
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693:Durham, Jimmie. (1992) "Geronimo!", in
374:. In 1993, a collection of his essays,
303:Foundation for the Community of Artists
1851:National Council on Indian Opportunity
1282:
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537:A Matter of Life and Death and Singing
1754:Native Americans in the United States
1644:"Jimmie Durham: Postmodernist Savage"
1177:
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992:www.foundationforcontemporaryarts.org
219:, Switzerland, where he studied at L'
180:, although he claimed he was born in
7:
1882:American Indian Movement of Colorado
1182:Lippard, Lucy R. (1 February 1993).
760:Der VerfĂĽhrer und der Steinerne Gast
748:. vol. 10, nos. pp. 7–8. 47-55.
463:River. In 2010 Durham presented his
2139:American expatriates in Switzerland
2134:University of Texas at Austin staff
1887:International Indian Treaty Council
1231:Schulman, Sandra (3 January 2016).
240:International Indian Treaty Council
2144:20th-century American male artists
2109:21st-century American male artists
1103:Indian Country Today Media Network
254:observer and consultant under the
207:in the 1960s. In 1965 he moved to
14:
1350:"Jimmie Durham: Rocks Encouraged"
1184:"Jimmie Durham—Postmodern Savage"
697:. Lucy R. Lippard, ed. New York:
610:" who masquerade as Cherokee and
1923:Beatrice Long Visitor Holy Dance
1514:Johansen, Bruce Elliott (2013).
1132:. Munich: Prestel. p. 288.
1070:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
964:"Peill Stiftung - Jimmie Durham"
842:. Compton Verney, Warwickshire:
632:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
535:In 2012, another retrospective,
244:Standing Rock Indian Reservation
154:Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians
2104:21st-century American sculptors
2099:20th-century American sculptors
1703:Video portrait of Jimmie Durham
1685:Jimmie Durham on culturbase.net
1520:. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
1410:Paul Schmelzer (Oct 12, 2017).
940:Regan, Sheila (June 28, 2017).
378:, was published by Kala Press.
266:) and encouraged her activism.
1153:Budick, Ariella (6 Nov 2017).
663:Whitney Museum of American Art
572:Whitney Museum of American Art
334:Institute of Contemporary Arts
286:Sculpture by Jimmie Durham in
1:
1774:Treaty of Fort Laramie (1868)
858:Poems that do not go together
735:February. 173. pp. 7–11.
479:. In 2016 he was awarded the
346:Museum of Modern Art, Antwerp
213:University of Texas at Austin
2028:Rita Long Visitor Holy Dance
1841:Bringing the Circle Together
1614:Ellegood, Anne, ed. (2017).
1535:Tóth, György Ferenc (2016).
1495:Ellegood, Anne, ed. (2017).
1052:Indian Country Media Network
877:. Milan: Mousse Publishing.
252:nongovernmental organization
2119:American postmodern artists
1459:Finkel, Jori (2021-11-17).
686:. Albuquerque, New Mexico:
590:Claims of Cherokee identity
376:A Certain Lack of Coherence
256:Economic and Social Council
2160:
1541:. Albany, NY: SUNY Press.
844:Compton Verney House Trust
712:(ed.), London: Kala Press.
648:Indian Arts and Crafts Act
550:In 2017 the retrospective
190:Hempstead County, Arkansas
1795:Mount Rushmore Occupation
1759:Indian termination policy
1662:Critique de l'exposition
1653:"Mourning Jimmie Durham,"
835:/Walter Phillips Gallery.
831:. Sunderland, UK/ Banff:
719:. London: ICA Book Works.
320:In 1987, Durham moved to
242:(IITC) conference at the
211:, where he worked at the
28:
1805:Trail of Broken Treaties
1740:American Indian Movement
833:University of Sunderland
606:, Durham was among the "
233:American Indian Movement
168:Early life and education
139:American Indian Movement
2114:American male sculptors
1815:Wounded Knee Occupation
856:Durham, Jimmie. (2012)
849:Durham, Jimmie. (2011)
827:Durham, Jimmie. (2005)
787:Durham, Jimmie. (2001)
769:Durham, Jimmie. (1998)
758:Durham, Jimmie. (1996)
751:Durham, Jimmie. (1996)
715:Durham, Jimmie. (1993)
704:Durham, Jimmie. (1993)
682:Durham, Jimmie. (1983)
182:Nevada County, Arkansas
2043:Raymond Yellow Thunder
1892:Mohawk Warrior Society
1800:Occupation of Alcatraz
1016:La Biennale di Venezia
853:. Köln: Walther König.
644:
505:, was shown at MAC in
391:Kunstverein in Hamburg
294:
148:He long claimed to be
135:civil rights movements
2063:Wesley Bad Heart Bull
2033:Sacheen Littlefeather
1352:. e-flux. 2 June 2010
968:www.peill-stiftung.de
726:, London: Kala Press.
638:of Oklahoma, and the
628:
350:Palais des Beaux-Arts
305:in New York. In 1983
288:Fundação de Serralves
285:
258:." Durham befriended
238:In 1974, he attended
205:civil rights movement
160:of Oklahoma, and the
2094:Artists from Houston
1978:Lorelei DeCora Means
1239:on 21 September 2016
908:Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz
811:Black Dog Publishing
562:and traveled to the
459:, France, along the
441:Serralves Foundation
221:École des Beaux-Arts
178:Harris County, Texas
143:58th Venice Biennale
89:École des Beaux-Arts
1866:Republic of Lakotah
1856:Native American Day
1618:. Munich: Prestel.
1577:. London: Phaidon.
1499:. Munich: Prestel.
1307:Johansen 29–30, 155
813:, pp. 177–183.
775:Kunstverein MĂĽnchen
608:professional posers
517:, The Netherlands.
481:Goslarer Kaiserring
471:exhibition hall in
418:Kunstverein MĂĽnchen
99:Sculpture, poetry,
2048:Tom B.K. Goldtooth
1861:Red Power movement
1820:Incident at Oglala
1769:Red Power movement
1678:2010-04-15 at the
1658:, by Aruna D'Souza
1465:The New York Times
665:in New York City.
522:Pierre Rejetées...
295:
264:White Earth Ojibwe
2071:
2070:
2053:Vernon Bellecourt
1948:Edgar Bear Runner
1764:Rainbow Coalition
1625:978-3-7913-5568-9
1584:978-0-7148-3348-4
1548:978-1-4384-6121-2
1527:978-1-4408-0317-8
1506:978-3-7913-5568-9
1139:978-3-7913-5568-9
840:The American West
701:. pp. 55–58.
655:Walker Art Center
564:Walker Art Center
509:, France, and at
473:Frankfurt am Main
455:was installed in
453:Serpentine rouge,
433:The American West
410:Haus Wittgenstein
365:Art Journal (CAA)
119:Jimmie Bob Durham
116:
115:
70:November 17, 2021
45:Jimmie Bob Durham
2151:
1988:Minnie Two Shoes
1933:Clyde Bellecourt
1790:The Longest Walk
1733:
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1696:Serpentine rouge
1664:Pierres rejetées
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1105:. Archived from
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1054:. Archived from
1044:Cara Cowan Watts
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888:
800:Unpacking Europe
465:Rocks Encouraged
428:Gwangju Biennale
399:
326:Whitney Biennial
297:After moving to
268:Paul Chaat Smith
101:installation art
73:
54:
52:
33:
19:
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2008:Robert Robideau
1983:Mary Brave Bird
1973:Leonard Peltier
1953:Floyd Westerman
1918:Anna Mae Aquash
1913:Aaron Carapella
1901:
1875:Activist groups
1870:
1829:
1778:
1742:
1737:
1680:Wayback Machine
1636:
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1599:. JRP Ringier.
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1557:Further reading
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1058:on 22 July 2017
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764:Springer Verlag
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640:Cherokee Nation
612:Native American
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422:Venice Biennale
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292:Porto, Portugal
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162:Cherokee Nation
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78:Berlin, Germany
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732:Art Monthly
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659:Minneapolis
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1489:References
1478:2021-11-18
1445:2019-05-24
1421:2019-05-24
1396:2019-10-27
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