Knowledge (XXG)

João Guimarães Rosa

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920:, Riobaldo seems to reason that nothing ever is nor remains, but inside everything is its potential negation, which might easily suppress its anterior positive form. This fact is recounted several times by Riobaldo, often in sensorial metaphors, such as his description of poisonous rocks lying in the bottom of a clear river, or the stories he recounts of good men becoming vile and vile men becoming good. To her, the pact must be seen, in accordance with his perception, as an agreement with evil that results in great accomplishments and personal growth and a subsequent approximation towards God. 752:, another journey is recounted, following step by step the march of the travelers: that of a message given by the very backlands that is spread unpretensiously, much in the manner of an anecdote, by the marginal members of the region's society. First heard from a hill by a madman who lives in the caves of the backlands, he recounts the message to his brother, an impoverished traveler, who, by his turns, tells the message to a child. /The child proceeds to tell the message to a travel guide, the guide to a prophetic hermit, who takes it to be a sign of the 726:, although authorized by the author himself, breaks the original structure of the book, whose complexity is often remarked. The very name of the collection points to this fact: the "corps de ballet" it refers to are the conjunction of symbols and ideias that figure repeatedly across the seven short-novels, reappearing here and there in this or that manner in order to gain yet another level of meaning. This "dancing" of motifs and metaphors takes place inside and outside of the stories. Among them, Rosa notably elects figures from 31: 896: 431: 931:, to retrieve that which has been irrevocably lost and attach personal meaning to it. Reality, therefore, becomes only a linguistic construction, made possible by the interaction of two persons. The novel closes with the sentence: “Travessia. O homem humano.” (“Crossing. The human human-being.”) followed by the symbol of infinity, a nod to the never-ending extension of life and its retelling. 1891: 980:(“These Stories”), another collection of short-novels, and ‘’Ave, Palavra’’ (a pun on the double-meaning of the word “ave”, which signifies both bird and an archaic salutation, being translated literally as “Bird, Word” or “Hail, Word”), a work of miscellany, compromising short-stories, poems, journal entries and travel notations. 669:" ("even though by a cudgel"), and engages vigorously in farm working and good deeds and finds the companionship and friendliness of the jagunço leader Seu Joaõzinho Bem-Bem, who, reckoning the man's vocation to arms, invites him to his group, an offer which Nhô Augusto refuses in order to comply with his wish of ascending towards 962:. The story, addressing the themes peculiar to Rosa's oeuvre and told in first person from the point of view of an observer, recounts the absurd event of a man who decides to live inside a boat in the middle of a water stream, giving no explanation for his actions nor achieving, apparently, anything with it. 864:
viewed it as an act of self-assurance, a symbolic deed by which Riobaldo can take hold of himself and of all his potential, something which allows him to become a powerful warrior who can extend vastly the power of his gang and avenge the betrayal of Joca Ramiro. In this, Candido insists, the pact is
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One can see here an illustration by Guimarães Rosa of how he himself understood his writing. Rosa intervenes the descriptions of the landscapes found by the German man's expedition with the successive versions of the story that the madmen, the child and finally the poet retell. Thus, he describes how
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Pedro, a handsome and viril man, is altogether hated for the relations he maintains with the wives of the other sertanejos. The men who he has fooled intended to have their revenge by letting him drunk and subsequently murdering him. Upon listening to the ballad, Pedro Orósio understands its hermetic
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in spite of the author's talent and the many beauties of the collection, he thought that the uneven quality of the stories and their often exaggeratedly long passages resulted in a work that was incoherent and immature. Guimarães Rosa extenuously reviewed his work, until finally considering it ready
892:, to whom he refers as a “demoniac love”, and Otacília, an ordinary beauty from the backlands, a godly love for times of peace. He has the company of Diadorim for most of his life, though their love remains unconsummated, but unites with Otacília only once his days as a jagunço are over and behind. 756:
and lavishly repeats the message to a city's congregation; it is then heard by a neurotic man who, finally, recounts it to the poet and singer Laudelim. Each time the message is told, its conveyors slightly alter its contents, until the poet ultimately gives it the form a mythical ballad, which he
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of a worldly man, it recounts the redemption of a wealthy farm-owner named Augusto Esteves, or Nhô Augusto, a vicious person likened to all sorts of debauchery, who is betrayed and beat to nearly death, being finally left stranded in the deserted backlands and marked with a branding iron. Two old
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The matter of the Diadorim's identity is highly problematic. Though a woman, Diadorim passes off as a man, under the name of Reinaldo, to enter the male-exclusive world of the jagunços. Her true gender is only revealed to Riobaldo after her death. This points to a frequent theme of Riobaldo's
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in search of his “time and turn”. His demand only finds completion through a fight to death with the very leader of jagunços he once befriended. It is through a violent insurgence against what he sees as an unjust deed performed by the jagunços that Nhô Angusto ascends to a
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rescue him and give him cares in their house; during his convalescence, a priest administers blessings to him and promises the violated man that all persons are intended to a particular and decisive moment of salvation. Once cured, he proclaims his wish to go to
374:; I dabbled in others. But all at a very basic level. And I think that studying the spirit and the mechanism of other languages helps greatly to more deeply understand the national language . In general, however, I studied for pleasure, desire, distraction 547:
for “in the manner of”), thus translating as “(stories) in the manner of folk legends”. The book is composed of nine short-novels, three less than the original version submitted to the contest eight years earlier. All of these find their setting in the
615:”, where mystical lore of popular witchcraft and the vividness of nature are blended together) and animals, especially bird flocks and groups of cattle, populate the pages of the book, not only in an attempt to capture the backdrop of the geographic 1432: 635:("The Brindled Donkey"), for example, contains anthological passages where Rosa intensely manipulates the sonority of the sentences, whether mimicking the metric of the traditional verse-form of the popular songs of the sertão or employing 524:, Rosa's style vastly differs from that of Ramos. The latter's succinct, dry expression is in harsh contrast with the former's exuberance of detail and quality of language, rich in vocabulary and adventurous in its exploration of the 801:
by the jagunço Riobaldo, who details his life to an educated listener, whose identity, while unknown, defines him as an urban man. Riobaldo mixes the wars of the jagunços, which form the most straightforward part of the novel's
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Rosa later describes a scene where the explendour of nature is revealed to him through the bright colors of the flowers and the liberty of the birds. Affected by this revelation, Augusto departs to wander through the
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See a letter from Rosa to Edoardo Bizzarri, his Italian translator, commenting the foreign titles of his works in: ‘’João Guimarães Rosa: correspondência com seu tradutor italiano, Edoardo Bizzarri’’, Editora UFMG,
272:, the first of six children of Florduardo Pinto Rosa (nicknamed "seu Fulô") and Francisca Guimarães Rosa ("Chiquitinha"). He was self-taught in many areas and studied several languages from childhood, starting with 643:
and juxtaposing several words that relate to the field of cattle breeding to textually recreate the sounds of the passing herds. Rosa would sustain and develop these characteristics through his later work.
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On June 27, 1930, he married Lígia Cabral Penna, a sixteen-year-old girl, with whom he was to have two daughters, Vilma and Agnes. In that same year, he graduated and began his medical practice in
881:, sees the pact as an attempt by Riobaldo to socially ascend from his condition of a poor jagunço to the upper class of the rich farmers, an ascension which is the actual conclusion of the book. 2906: 504:, his only volume of verse, “Magma”, was relinquished by the author and was only published posthumously. In turn, Rosa began pursuing a literary career by inscribing a collection of twelve 1309:
This interpretation was verbally presented by the critic José Miguel Wisnik in his presentation during the “Infinitamente Rosa” event on September 14, 2016 at the University of São Paulo.
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in the position of Doctor of the 9th Infantry Battalion. Rosa later recalled that the experiences from his time as a doctor and a soldier were significant for his formation as a writer.
244:, "Grande Sertão: Veredas" was named among the best 100 books of all time. Rosa also published four books of short stories in his lifetime, all of them revolving around the life in the 3223: 1249: 3394: 719:, translating reasonably as “Big Manuel and Little Miguel”); and, “No Urubuquaquá, no Pinhém” (“In the Urubuquaquá, in the Pinhém”, the names being locations in the stories). 2031: 848:, which he proclaims as the reason for his telling his life-story, as he expects, albeit ironically so, an answer from his listener: whether or not the Devil, and therefore 1150: 1811: 700:(roughly, "Corps de Ballet"), published then years later, in 1956. For the second edition, the collection was divided into three parts, now usually published separatedly: 761:
symbolism to refer to himself and his pretentious men, which proves to be correct, and he is capable of saving his life after being warned by the "message of the hill".
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to compose and ordinate the plots and the relations between themselves, crafting a book-long sequence of a single meaning. Such progress is mimicked by the story
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a certain knowledge presented in nature is captured and mysteriously understood by those naïve or lunatic figures – something which is further established in
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sings at a party attended by the expedition members. Only then it becomes clear that the message all along was a warning to their leader, Pedro Orósio.
3349: 1669: 3282: 3389: 2821: 1734: 591:–, employing regional terms and variations of words, as well as borrowing their traditions and customs. Furthermore, he takes advantage of the 2999: 3364: 389: 146: 512:. The older writer denied him the first prize. Ramos himself later explained his devaluation of the first drafts of a work later known as 3359: 3047: 451: 3404: 3374: 734:("Message from the Hills"), which, accordingly, occupied the middle of the book, being the fourth story in the original publication. 1398: 1365: 1277: 1028: 1113: 3399: 2458: 1147: 3369: 2864: 2360: 2272: 1967: 2237: 3276: 3205: 2882: 2853: 2815: 1816: 1740: 1470: 1132: 3211: 388:, but soon returned to Belo Horizonte, where he graduated. In 1925, at only 16, he enrolled in the College of Medicine of 42: 1246: 3076: 2722: 2616: 1535: 1476: 1442: 744:
itself. In the story, a group of five sertanejos is escorting a German naturalist in an expedition through the state of
470: 404: 223:, taking inspiration from the spoken language of the Brazilian backlands. For its profoundly philosophical themes, the 3379: 3011: 2504: 2278: 951: 455: 3158: 3129: 2751: 2469: 2155: 2049: 3111: 2792: 2446: 2372: 2067: 1984: 1781: 1764: 1675: 1646: 628: 3287: 2993: 2768: 1996: 1919: 3123: 2337: 2043: 1879: 1752: 785: 253: 207: 3082: 1187: 3311: 3140: 3134: 3017: 2343: 1978: 1834: 1048: 241: 2410: 2325: 2319: 1558: 3070: 1746: 3228: 3064: 2888: 2598: 2348: 2307: 2213: 2073: 1511: 65: 3023: 2249: 2096: 946:(“First Stories”), a collection of twenty-one short-stories, published in 1962. Very famous among these is 3117: 3058: 3041: 3029: 2622: 2557: 2463: 2331: 2020: 1925: 1410: 1205: 797:, the book began as yet another short-novel that he continuously expanded and is written in the form of a 769:– and becomes comprehensible through a poetic treatment, while accompanying a scientific discovery of the 2692: 2260: 2102: 2090: 2037: 385: 330:(but with the dictionary right next to me); I understand some German dialects; I studied the grammar of: 3199: 3193: 2745: 2190: 1799: 1722: 1681: 1634: 908: 651:(“The Time and Turn of Augusto Matraga”), referred to by Rosa as a sort of “key" to the collection The 399:, where he stayed for nearly two years. In this town, Rosa had his first contact with elements from the 129: 2964: 2354: 2143: 1913: 1805: 1704: 1628: 1611: 1541: 1500: 230:
described the book as a "metaphysical novel". It is often considered to be the Brazilian equivalent of
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and beliefs of the "sertanejos" as stupidities. The interpretation of this supposed pact vary widely.
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that breaks up as “butterfly's skeleton”, roughly meaning “ninharia”, or "something of low value".
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In the following year, Rosa began his diplomatic career. In 1938, he served as assistant-consul in
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view of the book, which he considers to demonstrate the formation of the social order in the
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tree at the Grande Sertão Veredas National Park in Brazil. The Park was created in 1989 in
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Rosa, João Guimarães. Carta a João Condé. In: "Sagarana". São Paulo: Nova Fronteira, 2015.
1253: 1194: 1154: 1136: 1117: 861: 565: 371: 355: 347: 335: 291: 287: 273: 236: 227: 219:), a revolutionary text for its blend of archaic and colloquial prose and frequent use of 3187: 3088: 3005: 2917: 2786: 2528: 1758: 1081:(Translated to English by Barbara Shelby Merello, reprinted by Orbis Tertius Press, 2020) 895: 3217: 3182: 3164: 3035: 2947: 2911: 2900: 2733: 2686: 2680: 2639: 2569: 2487: 2225: 2161: 1990: 1822: 1775: 1687: 1564: 1130:
Rubedo | Artigos | Viver é muito perigoso: o Grande Sertão reimaginado Henrique Pereira
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http://blog.opovo.com.br/pliniobortolotti/graciliano-ramos-o-editor-de-guimaraes-rosa/
3333: 3293: 3252: 2894: 2798: 2762: 2698: 2434: 2131: 2061: 2002: 1955: 1949: 1652: 1464: 708:(a play on words with the names of two characters from the stories, using Portuguese 3299: 3270: 2988: 2953: 2803: 2757: 2481: 2452: 2384: 2108: 2014: 1699: 1622: 1605: 857: 745: 709: 640: 636: 631:. This is not, however, limited to the content of his stories. The noted narrative 564:
condition according to which bravery and faith are the two driving forces of life.
532:, qualities the Ramos himself would endow as his fellow writer's greatest virtues. 482: 412: 269: 109: 955: 1129: 844:
to the sertão. Riobaldo's account frequently returns to the central topic of his
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and of existential nature. He died in 1967 — the year he was nominated for the
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in a contest, in 1938, whose jury was chaired by the then already prestigious
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Caçador de camurças, Chronos Kai Anagke, O mistério de Highmore Hall e Makiné
773:, a discovery that is incapable of revealing the true secrecies it uncovers. 1375: 970: 845: 831: 823: 727: 620: 604: 592: 561: 424: 307: 1148:
O Biscoito Fino e a Massa: Ulisses, de James Joyce: Celebração do Bloomsday
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affair. Riobaldo is torn between two contrasting loves: Diadorim, another
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related this treatment to a view of the jagunço that was inspired by the
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Entrevista: João Guimarães Rosa, por Lenice Guimarães de Paula Pitanguy
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The book can be seen, as it was by the author, as an adaptation of the
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is also significant in its treatment of the ideia of a language of the
723: 580: 560:. Rosa, however, would craft this outlaw manner of living to a type of 525: 505: 447: 443: 928: 924: 819: 716: 662: 501: 415:, Minas Gerais, where he came into contact with the future president 113: 852:, exists. Riobaldo is anguished by the idea he may have conducted a 1272:(5. ed.rev. pelo autor ed.). Rio de Janeiro: Ouro Sobre Azul. 1099:
http://www.academia.org.br/academicos/joao-guimaraes-rosa/biografia
407:, Guimarães Rosa served as a volunteer doctor of the Public Force ( 1391:
As Formas do Falso: Um Estudo sobre a Ambigüidade no Grande Sertão
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word crafted from the union of “saga” (homonym in Portuguese for
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3rd Academic of the 2nd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
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Brazilian novelist, short story writer, and diplomat (1908–1967)
1414: 793:, to Guimarães Rosa's disapproval ) in the same year. His sole 1360:(1st ed.). São Paulo, SP, Brasil: Livraria Duas Cidades. 807: 670: 575:
Rosa brings to his narratives the regional aspects of the
869:, through which the wan childe becomes a worthy knight. 789:(literally, “Great Backlands: Paths”, but translated as 619:, but also in close correspondence with the plot of the 884:
All this is conducted by the motif of the star-crossed
856:, although he is uncertain, and he often dismisses the 485:, at the summit of his diplomatic and literary career. 419:, at that time the chief doctor of the Blood Hospital ( 1358:
Grandesertão.br : o romance de formação do Brasil
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Furthermore, the novel might be seen as an attempt of
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In 1963, he was chosen by unanimous vote to enter the
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Still a child, he moved to his grandparents' house in
2843: 2395: 1898: 1449: 647:The most prestigious of these stories is the last, 434:Guimarães Rosa during his 1952 travels through the 186:; 27 June 1908 – 19 November 1967) was a Brazilian 160: 152: 140: 119: 92: 87: 71: 59: 41: 21: 969:(“Tutameia – Third Stories”), “tuttameia” being a 916:mussings: the inconstancy of things. According to 276:before he was seven years old. He later recalled, 1332:Guimarães Rosa - Entrevista RARA em Berlim (1962) 950:(lit., “The Third Bank of the River”) made into 552:and nearly all revolve around the figure of the 278: 1222:"Guimarães Rosa interviewed by Günter Lorentz" 1426: 1079:The Third Bank of the River and Other Stories 806:, with his musings on life, the existence of 8: 500:Although Guimarães Rosa began to write with 55:16 November 1963 – 19 November 1967 3395:Members of the Brazilian Academy of Letters 1245:Ramos, Graciliano. "Conversa de Bastidor". 627:for the solitude of man and his pursuit of 411:) heading to the so-called Tunel sector in 1433: 1419: 1411: 965:His last collection published in life was 579:. His use of language closely follows the 520:In its mature form, already noticeable in 248:, but also addressing themes of universal 29: 18: 2865:João Batista Ribeiro de Andrade Fernandes 1101:Academia Brasileira de Letras - Biografia 865:analogous to the initiation rites of the 748:. Parallel to their own discovery of the 1216: 1214: 1241: 1239: 1091: 450:, where he met his future second wife, 183:[ʒuˈɐ̃wɡimɐˈɾɐ̃jzˈʁɔzɐ,ˈʒwɐ̃w-] 3355:Brazilian people of Portuguese descent 2859:Luís Caetano Pereira Guimarães Júnior 1263: 1261: 911:, in order to protect the environment 181: 7: 405:Constitutionalist Revolution of 1932 156:Author, novelist, short story writer 2822:Aurélio Buarque de Holanda Ferreira 830:illustrating a point raised in his 603:the stories. Vivid descriptions of 1393:. São Paulo: Editora Perspectiva. 390:Federal University of Minas Gerais 147:Federal University of Minas Gerais 14: 3385:20th-century Brazilian physicians 2676:Antônio Peregrino Maciel Monteiro 1061:Em Memória de João Guimarães Rosa 1029:The Devil to Pay in the Backlands 791:The Devil to Pay in the Backlands 607:(most notably in the short-novel 217:The Devil to Pay in the Backlands 3350:Ambassadors of Brazil to Germany 3283:José Maria da Silva Paranhos Sr. 3000:José Maria da Silva Paranhos Jr. 1889: 1188:GUIMARÃES ROSA: ĈU ESPERANTISTO? 783:Rosa published his masterpiece, 452:Aracy de Carvalho Guimarães Rosa 1339:from the original on 2021-12-22 976:Two posthumous works followed: 649:A Hora e Vez de Augusto Matraga 3390:20th-century Brazilian writers 2238:Affonso Arinos de Mello Franco 517:for publication only in 1946. 1: 3224:Francisco Adolfo de Varnhagen 2907:Manuel de Araújo Porto-Alegre 1329:Fernando Graça (2016-12-08), 1111:Literatura e Arte - Cronópios 1055:Tutaméia – Terceiras Estórias 967:Tutameia – Terceiras Estórias 954:and the inspiration behind a 696:Guimarães Rosa next book was 475:Academia Brasileira de Letras 2994:João Manuel Pereira da Silva 2617:Afonso Arinos de Melo Franco 2032:Alfredo d'Escragnolle Taunay 1997:José Carlos de Macedo Soares 1920:Pedro Augusto Carneiro Lessa 1536:Eduardo Giannetti da Fonseca 1477:Ivan Monteiro de Barros Lins 1443:Brazilian Academy of Letters 471:Brazilian Academy of Letters 3365:Portuguese-language writers 3277:José Paulo Cavalcanti Filho 3206:Maurício Campos de Medeiros 2854:Pedro Luís Pereira de Sousa 2505:Lafayette Rodrigues Pereira 1817:Carlos Magalhães de Azeredo 1471:Afonso d'Escragnolle Taunay 1441:Patrons and members of the 822:, as well as several short 456:Righteous among the nations 264:Guimarães Rosa was born in 205:Rosa only wrote one novel, 3421: 3360:Brazilian military doctors 3083:Godofredo de Oliveira Neto 2793:Geraldo Holanda Cavalcanti 2459:José Bonifácio the Younger 2068:Francisco de Assis Barbosa 873:, on the other hand, in a 704:(“Nights of the Sertão”); 572:knights and their values. 3405:Brazilian Roman Catholics 3375:Brazilian medical writers 3141:José de Alcântara Machado 3135:José Júlio da Silva Ramos 3124:Fernando Henrique Cardoso 3077:Cândido Mendes de Almeida 2723:Manuel Antônio de Almeida 1979:Urbano Duarte de Oliveira 1968:Ignácio de Loyola Brandão 1887: 1880:Rosiska Darcy de Oliveira 1753:Nelson Pereira dos Santos 1268:Candido, Antonio (2006). 256:— due to a heart attack. 254:Nobel Prize in Literature 168: 83: 48: 37: 28: 3312:Evaristo de Moraes Filho 3159:João Cabral de Melo Neto 2883:José Cândido de Carvalho 2470:Miguel Osório de Almeida 2344:Joaquim Manuel de Macedo 2326:Américo Jacobina Lacombe 2156:Fernando Bastos de Ávila 1835:Alberto da Costa e Silva 1741:Diná Silveira de Queirós 1559:Aníbal Freire da Fonseca 1389:Galvão, Walnice (1972). 1045:A Terceira Margem do Rio 948:A Terceira Margem do Rio 403:. With the break of the 242:Bokklubben World Library 240:.In a 2002, poll by the 3400:Culture in Minas Gerais 3229:Manuel de Oliveira Lima 3212:José Américo de Almeida 3112:José Guilherme Merquior 2373:Aurélio de Lira Tavares 1985:Antônio Augusto de Lima 1782:Austregésilo de Athayde 1765:Cláudio Manuel da Costa 1747:Sérgio Correia da Costa 1647:José Murilo de Carvalho 1012:With the cowboy Mariano 952:a film of the same name 3370:Brazilian Esperantists 3065:José Honório Rodrigues 3042:Evaldo Cabral de Mello 2889:Geraldo França de Lima 2623:Alberto Venancio Filho 2599:Artur Orlando da Silva 2464:Medeiros e Albuquerque 2338:Antônio Carlos Secchin 2308:Silvério Gomes Pimenta 1812:Gonçalves de Magalhães 1512:João Neves da Fontoura 1049:movie of the same name 1047:was later made into a 1024:Grande Sertão: Veredas 1008:Com o Vaqueiro Mariano 940:Grande Sertão: Veredas 912: 786:Grande Sertão: Veredas 778:Grande Sertão: Veredas 667:nem que seja a porrete 458:for her assistance to 439: 378: 208:Grande Sertão: Veredas 66:João Neves da Fontoura 3194:Alberto Santos-Dumont 3130:Tomás António Gonzaga 3024:Carlos Castelo Branco 2752:Domício Proença Filho 2250:João Francisco Lisboa 2191:Lygia Fagundes Telles 2097:Antônio Carneiro Leão 1800:Cleonice Berardinelli 1682:Barbosa Lima Sobrinho 1356:Bolle, Willi (2004). 984:Selected bibliography 909:Formoso, Minas Gerais 898: 724:policy of publication 587:– inhabitants of the 433: 3118:João de Scantimburgo 3059:Rodrigo Otávio Filho 2816:Antônio Austregésilo 2558:Luís Guimarães Filho 2349:Salvador de Mendonça 2332:Marcos Almir Madeira 2220:Edgar Roquette-Pinto 2214:Osório Duque-Estrada 2138:Guilherme de Almeida 2074:Sérgio Paulo Rouanet 2021:Paulo Niemeyer Filho 1489:Evandro Lins e Silva 1043:) (1962) (The story 927:, and therefore his 706:Manuelzão e Miguelim 417:Juscelino Kubitschek 3153:Assis Chateaubriand 3030:João Ubaldo Ribeiro 2769:Vicente de Carvalho 2740:Menotti Del Picchia 2693:Gregório da Fonseca 2261:Barão Homem de Melo 2244:Fernanda Montenegro 2103:Fernando de Azevedo 2038:Francisco de Castro 2009:Lucas Moreira Neves 1829:Carlos Chagas Filho 1770:Alberto de Oliveira 1518:João Guimarães Rosa 854:pact with the Devil 623:and as an extended 558:Brazilian backlands 530:Portuguese language 175:João Guimarães Rosa 23:João Guimarães Rosa 3380:Postmodern writers 3306:Alceu Amoroso Lima 2965:Fernando Magalhães 2746:Oscar Dias Correia 2411:José do Patrocínio 2361:Humberto de Campos 2027:Francisco Otaviano 1723:Afonso Pena Júnior 1705:Valentim Magalhães 1676:Goulart de Andrade 1635:Cândido Mota Filho 1612:Bernardo Guimarães 1571:Carlos Heitor Cony 1547:Filinto de Almeida 1501:Álvares de Azevedo 1252:2020-05-31 at the 1193:2010-11-30 at the 1153:2007-03-28 at the 1135:2007-02-20 at the 1116:2006-06-22 at the 1075:(1970, posthumous) 1069:(1969, posthumous) 1063:(1968, posthumous) 1037:Primeiras Estórias 944:Primeiras Estórias 913: 867:chivalric romances 686:-like contention. 440: 421:Hospital de Sangue 3327: 3326: 3259:Otto Lara Resende 2611:José Lins do Rego 2517:Otávio Mangabeira 2379:Murilo Melo Filho 2355:Emílio de Meneses 2302:Alcindo Guanabara 2203:Hipólito da Costa 2168:Gregório de Matos 2144:Odilo Costa Filho 1914:Lúcio de Mendonça 1845:Evaristo da Veiga 1806:Ricardo Cavaliere 1735:Pontes de Miranda 1711:Euclides da Cunha 1659:Casimiro de Abreu 1641:Rachel de Queiroz 1629:Aloísio de Castro 1542:Artur de Oliveira 1495:Ana Maria Machado 633:O Burrinho Pedrês 599:of the sertão to 172: 171: 3412: 3322: 3320: 3315: 3309: 3303: 3297: 3291: 3279: 3274: 3268: 3262: 3256: 3250: 3244: 3238: 3235:Alberto de Faria 3232: 3220: 3215: 3209: 3203: 3197: 3191: 3179: 3174: 3168: 3162: 3156: 3150: 3144: 3138: 3126: 3121: 3115: 3109: 3103: 3100:Clementino Fraga 3097: 3085: 3080: 3074: 3068: 3062: 3056: 3044: 3039: 3033: 3027: 3021: 3018:Magalhães Júnior 3015: 3009: 3003: 2997: 2985: 2983:Evanildo Bechara 2980: 2977:Afrânio Coutinho 2974: 2968: 2962: 2950: 2945: 2939: 2933: 2927: 2921: 2915: 2903: 2898: 2892: 2886: 2880: 2877:Cassiano Ricardo 2874: 2868: 2862: 2838: 2836: 2834:Heloísa Teixeira 2831: 2825: 2819: 2813: 2807: 2795: 2790: 2784: 2778: 2775:Cláudio de Sousa 2772: 2766: 2754: 2749: 2743: 2737: 2731: 2719: 2714: 2711:Eduardo Portella 2708: 2702: 2696: 2690: 2684: 2672: 2667: 2661: 2655: 2649: 2646:Constâncio Alves 2643: 2637: 2634:Guimarães Passos 2625: 2620: 2614: 2608: 2605:Ataulfo de Paiva 2602: 2596: 2588:Junqueira Freire 2584: 2582:Geraldo Carneiro 2579: 2573: 2567: 2561: 2555: 2543: 2538: 2535:Luiz Paulo Horta 2532: 2526: 2520: 2514: 2508: 2502: 2499:Machado de Assis 2490: 2485: 2479: 2476:Luís Viana Filho 2473: 2467: 2455: 2450: 2444: 2438: 2432: 2426: 2423:Olegário Mariano 2420: 2417:Mário de Alencar 2414: 2390: 2387: 2382: 2376: 2370: 2364: 2358: 2352: 2340: 2335: 2329: 2323: 2317: 2311: 2305: 2293: 2288: 2285:Peregrino Júnior 2282: 2279:Pereira da Silva 2276: 2270: 2264: 2258: 2246: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2211: 2199: 2194: 2188: 2182: 2176: 2164: 2159: 2153: 2147: 2141: 2135: 2129: 2117: 2112: 2106: 2100: 2094: 2091:Clóvis Beviláqua 2082: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2047: 2041: 2035: 2023: 2018: 2012: 2006: 2000: 1994: 1988: 1982: 1970: 1965: 1959: 1953: 1947: 1941: 1935: 1929: 1923: 1917: 1893: 1884: 1882: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1859: 1856:Laudelino Freire 1853: 1841: 1838: 1832: 1826: 1820: 1808: 1803: 1797: 1791: 1785: 1779: 1773: 1761: 1756: 1750: 1744: 1738: 1732: 1726: 1720: 1714: 1708: 1696: 1691: 1685: 1679: 1673: 1667: 1664:Teixeira de Melo 1655: 1650: 1644: 1638: 1632: 1626: 1620: 1617:Raimundo Correia 1608: 1603: 1597: 1591: 1579: 1574: 1568: 1562: 1556: 1553:Roberto Simonsen 1550: 1538: 1533: 1530:Tarcísio Padilha 1527: 1521: 1515: 1509: 1497: 1492: 1486: 1480: 1474: 1468: 1460:Adelino Fontoura 1435: 1428: 1421: 1412: 1405: 1404: 1386: 1380: 1379: 1353: 1347: 1346: 1345: 1344: 1326: 1320: 1316: 1310: 1307: 1301: 1298: 1292: 1291: 1265: 1256: 1243: 1234: 1233: 1231: 1229: 1218: 1209: 1203: 1197: 1185: 1179: 1178: 1176: 1174: 1164: 1158: 1145: 1139: 1127: 1121: 1108: 1102: 1096: 942:was followed by 702:Noites do Sertão 535:“Sagarana” is a 510:Graciliano Ramos 386:São João del-Rei 268:in the state of 185: 180: 126: 123:19 November 1967 102: 100: 88:Personal details 74: 62: 53: 33: 19: 3420: 3419: 3415: 3414: 3413: 3411: 3410: 3409: 3330: 3329: 3328: 3323: 3316: 3310: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3280: 3275: 3269: 3265:Roberto Marinho 3263: 3257: 3251: 3245: 3239: 3233: 3227: 3221: 3216: 3210: 3204: 3198: 3192: 3186: 3180: 3175: 3171:Ferreira Gullar 3169: 3163: 3157: 3151: 3145: 3139: 3133: 3127: 3122: 3116: 3110: 3104: 3098: 3092: 3086: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3063: 3057: 3051: 3045: 3040: 3034: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2998: 2992: 2986: 2981: 2975: 2969: 2963: 2959:Domício da Gama 2957: 2951: 2946: 2942:Ariano Suassuna 2940: 2934: 2928: 2924:Viriato Correia 2922: 2916: 2910: 2904: 2899: 2893: 2887: 2881: 2875: 2869: 2863: 2857: 2850: 2845: 2839: 2832: 2826: 2820: 2814: 2810:Heráclito Graça 2808: 2802: 2796: 2791: 2785: 2779: 2773: 2767: 2761: 2755: 2750: 2744: 2738: 2732: 2728:Inglês de Sousa 2726: 2720: 2715: 2709: 2705:Otávio de Faria 2703: 2697: 2691: 2685: 2679: 2673: 2668: 2662: 2656: 2650: 2644: 2638: 2632: 2629:Laurindo Rabelo 2626: 2621: 2615: 2609: 2603: 2597: 2591: 2585: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2564:Manuel Bandeira 2562: 2556: 2550: 2544: 2539: 2533: 2527: 2521: 2515: 2509: 2503: 2497: 2494:José de Alencar 2491: 2486: 2480: 2474: 2468: 2462: 2456: 2451: 2445: 2439: 2433: 2427: 2421: 2415: 2409: 2402: 2397: 2391: 2388: 2383: 2377: 2371: 2365: 2359: 2353: 2347: 2341: 2336: 2330: 2324: 2318: 2314:Gustavo Barroso 2312: 2306: 2300: 2297:Joaquim Caetano 2294: 2291:Arnaldo Niskier 2289: 2283: 2277: 2271: 2265: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2242: 2236: 2232:Antônio Houaiss 2230: 2224: 2218: 2212: 2206: 2200: 2195: 2189: 2183: 2177: 2171: 2165: 2160: 2154: 2148: 2142: 2136: 2130: 2124: 2118: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2086:Franklin Távora 2083: 2078: 2072: 2066: 2060: 2054: 2048: 2042: 2036: 2030: 2024: 2019: 2013: 2007: 2001: 1995: 1989: 1983: 1977: 1971: 1966: 1962:Hélio Jaguaribe 1960: 1954: 1948: 1942: 1938:Adelmar Tavares 1936: 1932:João Luís Alves 1930: 1924: 1918: 1912: 1909:Fagundes Varela 1905: 1900: 1894: 1885: 1878: 1872: 1866: 1860: 1854: 1848: 1842: 1839: 1833: 1827: 1821: 1815: 1809: 1804: 1798: 1792: 1786: 1780: 1774: 1768: 1762: 1757: 1751: 1745: 1739: 1733: 1727: 1721: 1717:Afrânio Peixoto 1715: 1709: 1703: 1697: 1694:Cícero Sandroni 1692: 1686: 1680: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1656: 1651: 1645: 1639: 1633: 1627: 1621: 1615: 1609: 1604: 1598: 1592: 1588:Aluísio Azevedo 1586: 1583:Basílio da Gama 1580: 1575: 1569: 1563: 1557: 1551: 1545: 1539: 1534: 1528: 1522: 1516: 1510: 1504: 1498: 1493: 1487: 1481: 1475: 1469: 1463: 1456: 1451: 1445: 1439: 1409: 1408: 1401: 1388: 1387: 1383: 1368: 1355: 1354: 1350: 1342: 1340: 1328: 1327: 1323: 1317: 1313: 1308: 1304: 1299: 1295: 1280: 1270:Tese e antítese 1267: 1266: 1259: 1254:Wayback Machine 1244: 1237: 1227: 1225: 1224:(in Portuguese) 1220: 1219: 1212: 1208:(in Portuguese) 1204: 1200: 1195:Wayback Machine 1186: 1182: 1172: 1170: 1166: 1165: 1161: 1157:(in Portuguese) 1155:Wayback Machine 1146: 1142: 1137:Wayback Machine 1128: 1124: 1120:(in Portuguese) 1118:Wayback Machine 1109: 1105: 1097: 1093: 1088: 986: 956:homonymous song 937: 862:Antonio Candido 781: 738:Recado do Morro 732:Recado do Morro 694: 566:Antonio Candido 498: 491: 262: 228:Antonio Candido 178: 128: 124: 104: 98: 96: 72: 60: 54: 49: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 3418: 3416: 3408: 3407: 3402: 3397: 3392: 3387: 3382: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3352: 3347: 3342: 3332: 3331: 3325: 3324: 3247:Rodolfo Garcia 3183:Tobias Barreto 3165:Ivan Junqueira 3147:Getúlio Vargas 3106:Paulo Carneiro 3053:Rodrigo Otávio 3048:Tavares Bastos 3036:Zuenir Ventura 3012:Aquino Correia 2948:Zuenir Ventura 2936:Genolino Amado 2930:Joracy Camargo 2912:Carlos de Laet 2901:Merval Pereira 2849: 2847: 2841: 2840: 2781:Josué Montello 2734:Xavier Marques 2717:Antonio Cícero 2687:Dantas Barreto 2681:Joaquim Nabuco 2658:Gilberto Amado 2593:Franklin Dória 2576:Sábato Magaldi 2570:Cyro dos Anjos 2552:Garcia Redondo 2541:Antônio Torres 2447:Roberto Campos 2429:Álvaro Moreira 2401: 2399: 2393: 2392: 2255:José Veríssimo 2197:Jorge Caldeira 2173:Araripe Júnior 2162:Marco Lucchesi 2150:Marcos Barbosa 2121:Gonçalves Dias 2050:Sousa Bandeira 2044:Martins Júnior 1944:Deolindo Couto 1904: 1902: 1896: 1895: 1888: 1886: 1868:Orígenes Lessa 1823:Marques Rebelo 1794:Antônio Olinto 1788:Antônio Calado 1776:Oliveira Viana 1688:Raimundo Faoro 1670:Artur Jaceguai 1577:Joaquim Falcão 1565:Herberto Sales 1524:Mário Palmério 1455: 1453: 1447: 1446: 1440: 1438: 1437: 1430: 1423: 1415: 1407: 1406: 1399: 1381: 1366: 1348: 1321: 1311: 1302: 1293: 1278: 1257: 1235: 1210: 1198: 1180: 1159: 1140: 1122: 1103: 1090: 1089: 1087: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1076: 1070: 1067:Estas Estórias 1064: 1058: 1052: 1034: 1021: 1018:Corpo de Baile 1015: 1005: 999: 993: 985: 982: 978:Estas Estórias 960:Caetano Veloso 936: 933: 918:Walnice Galvão 780: 775: 698:Corpo de Baile 693: 691:Corpo de Baile 688: 543:) and “rana” ( 497: 492: 490: 487: 481:, victim of a 479:Rio de Janeiro 382:Belo Horizonte 261: 258: 170: 169: 166: 165: 162: 158: 157: 154: 150: 149: 144: 138: 137: 130:Rio de Janeiro 127:(aged 59) 121: 117: 116: 94: 90: 89: 85: 84: 81: 80: 78:Mário Palmério 75: 69: 68: 63: 57: 56: 46: 45: 39: 38: 35: 34: 26: 25: 22: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 3417: 3406: 3403: 3401: 3398: 3396: 3393: 3391: 3388: 3386: 3383: 3381: 3378: 3376: 3373: 3371: 3368: 3366: 3363: 3361: 3358: 3356: 3353: 3351: 3348: 3346: 3343: 3341: 3338: 3337: 3335: 3321: 3319: 3313: 3307: 3301: 3295: 3294:Afonso Arinos 3289: 3288:Eduardo Prado 3284: 3278: 3272: 3266: 3260: 3254: 3253:Elmano Cardim 3248: 3242: 3236: 3230: 3225: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3201: 3195: 3189: 3184: 3178: 3172: 3166: 3160: 3154: 3148: 3142: 3136: 3131: 3125: 3119: 3113: 3107: 3101: 3095: 3090: 3084: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3060: 3054: 3049: 3043: 3037: 3031: 3025: 3019: 3013: 3007: 3001: 2995: 2990: 2984: 2978: 2972: 2966: 2960: 2955: 2949: 2943: 2937: 2931: 2925: 2919: 2913: 2908: 2902: 2896: 2895:Moacyr Scliar 2890: 2884: 2878: 2872: 2871:Paulo Setúbal 2866: 2860: 2855: 2848: 2842: 2837: 2835: 2829: 2823: 2817: 2811: 2805: 2800: 2799:Pardal Mallet 2794: 2788: 2782: 2776: 2770: 2764: 2763:Artur Azevedo 2759: 2753: 2747: 2741: 2735: 2729: 2724: 2718: 2712: 2706: 2700: 2699:Levi Carneiro 2694: 2688: 2682: 2677: 2671: 2670:Marcos Vilaça 2665: 2659: 2653: 2652:Ribeiro Couto 2647: 2641: 2635: 2630: 2624: 2618: 2612: 2606: 2600: 2594: 2589: 2583: 2577: 2571: 2565: 2559: 2553: 2548: 2547:Júlio Ribeiro 2542: 2536: 2530: 2524: 2518: 2512: 2511:Alfredo Pujol 2506: 2500: 2495: 2489: 2483: 2477: 2471: 2465: 2460: 2454: 2448: 2442: 2436: 2435:Adonias Filho 2430: 2424: 2418: 2412: 2407: 2406:Joaquim Serra 2400: 2394: 2389: 2386: 2380: 2374: 2368: 2362: 2356: 2350: 2345: 2339: 2333: 2327: 2321: 2315: 2309: 2303: 2298: 2292: 2286: 2280: 2274: 2268: 2267:Alberto Faria 2262: 2256: 2251: 2245: 2239: 2233: 2227: 2221: 2215: 2209: 2208:Sílvio Romero 2204: 2198: 2192: 2186: 2180: 2179:Félix Pacheco 2174: 2169: 2163: 2157: 2151: 2145: 2139: 2133: 2132:Amadeu Amaral 2127: 2122: 2116: 2110: 2104: 2098: 2092: 2087: 2081: 2075: 2069: 2063: 2062:Augusto Meyer 2057: 2051: 2045: 2039: 2033: 2028: 2022: 2016: 2010: 2004: 2003:Abgar Renault 1998: 1992: 1986: 1980: 1975: 1974:França Júnior 1969: 1963: 1957: 1956:Celso Furtado 1951: 1950:Darcy Ribeiro 1945: 1939: 1933: 1927: 1926:Eduardo Ramos 1921: 1915: 1910: 1903: 1897: 1892: 1883: 1881: 1875: 1869: 1863: 1862:Osvaldo Orico 1857: 1851: 1846: 1836: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1813: 1807: 1801: 1795: 1789: 1783: 1777: 1771: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1742: 1736: 1730: 1724: 1718: 1712: 1706: 1701: 1695: 1689: 1683: 1677: 1671: 1665: 1660: 1654: 1653:Ailton Krenak 1648: 1642: 1636: 1630: 1624: 1618: 1613: 1607: 1601: 1595: 1589: 1584: 1578: 1572: 1566: 1560: 1554: 1548: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1502: 1496: 1490: 1484: 1483:Bernardo Élis 1478: 1472: 1466: 1461: 1454: 1448: 1444: 1436: 1431: 1429: 1424: 1422: 1417: 1416: 1413: 1402: 1400:9788527303484 1396: 1392: 1385: 1382: 1377: 1373: 1369: 1367:9788573263060 1363: 1359: 1352: 1349: 1338: 1334: 1333: 1325: 1322: 1315: 1312: 1306: 1303: 1297: 1294: 1289: 1285: 1281: 1279:9788588777163 1275: 1271: 1264: 1262: 1258: 1255: 1251: 1248: 1242: 1240: 1236: 1223: 1217: 1215: 1211: 1207: 1202: 1199: 1196: 1192: 1189: 1184: 1181: 1169: 1163: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1144: 1141: 1138: 1134: 1131: 1126: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1112: 1107: 1104: 1100: 1095: 1092: 1085: 1080: 1077: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1062: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1041:First Stories 1038: 1035: 1032: 1030: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1013: 1009: 1006: 1003: 1000: 997: 994: 991: 988: 987: 983: 981: 979: 974: 972: 968: 963: 961: 957: 953: 949: 945: 941: 934: 932: 930: 926: 921: 919: 910: 906: 902: 897: 893: 891: 887: 882: 880: 876: 875:materialistic 872: 868: 863: 859: 858:superstitions 855: 851: 847: 843: 840: 835: 833: 829: 825: 821: 817: 813: 809: 805: 800: 796: 792: 788: 787: 779: 776: 774: 772: 768: 762: 758: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 733: 729: 725: 720: 718: 715: 711: 707: 703: 699: 692: 689: 687: 685: 680: 674: 672: 668: 664: 659: 654: 650: 645: 642: 638: 634: 630: 629:transcendence 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 598: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 573: 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 546: 542: 538: 533: 531: 527: 523: 518: 515: 511: 507: 503: 496: 493: 488: 486: 484: 480: 476: 472: 467: 465: 462:escaping the 461: 457: 453: 449: 445: 437: 432: 428: 426: 422: 418: 414: 410: 409:Força Pública 406: 402: 398: 393: 391: 387: 383: 377: 375: 373: 369: 365: 361: 357: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 333: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 289: 285: 277: 275: 271: 267: 259: 257: 255: 251: 247: 243: 239: 238: 233: 229: 226: 222: 218: 214: 210: 209: 203: 201: 197: 193: 189: 184: 176: 167: 163: 159: 155: 151: 148: 145: 143: 139: 135: 131: 122: 118: 115: 111: 107: 95: 91: 86: 82: 79: 76: 70: 67: 64: 58: 52: 47: 44: 40: 36: 32: 27: 20: 3300:Miguel Couto 3271:Marco Maciel 3200:Celso Vieira 3188:Graça Aranha 3177:Arno Wehling 3094:Afonso Celso 3089:Teófilo Dias 3006:Lauro Müller 2989:Sousa Caldas 2971:Luís Edmundo 2954:Raul Pompeia 2918:Ramiz Galvão 2851: 2828:Nélida Piñon 2804:Pedro Rabelo 2787:José Mindlin 2758:Martins Pena 2529:Zélia Gattai 2482:Ivo Pitanguy 2453:Paulo Coelho 2403: 2385:Gilberto Gil 2185:Pedro Calmon 2109:Miguel Reale 2015:Alfredo Bosi 1906: 1759:Cacá Diegues 1700:Castro Alves 1623:Oswaldo Cruz 1606:Carlos Nejar 1594:Alcides Maia 1517: 1457: 1390: 1384: 1357: 1351: 1341:, retrieved 1331: 1324: 1314: 1305: 1296: 1269: 1226:. Retrieved 1201: 1183: 1171:. Retrieved 1162: 1143: 1125: 1106: 1094: 1078: 1073:Ave, Palavra 1072: 1066: 1060: 1054: 1044: 1040: 1036: 1027: 1023: 1017: 1011: 1007: 1001: 995: 989: 977: 975: 966: 964: 947: 943: 939: 938: 922: 914: 904: 900: 889: 883: 878: 836: 790: 784: 782: 777: 770: 766: 763: 759: 749: 746:Minas Gerais 741: 737: 736: 731: 721: 710:augmentative 705: 701: 697: 695: 690: 678: 675: 666: 657: 648: 646: 641:alliteration 637:onomatopoeia 632: 616: 608: 588: 584: 576: 574: 534: 521: 519: 513: 506:short-novels 499: 494: 483:heart attack 474: 468: 441: 435: 420: 413:Passa-Quatro 408: 394: 379: 281: 279: 270:Minas Gerais 263: 235: 216: 206: 204: 174: 173: 125:(1967-11-19) 110:Minas Gerais 103:27 June 1908 73:Succeeded by 50: 3345:1967 deaths 3340:1908 births 3318:Edmar Bacha 3241:Rocha Pombo 3218:José Sarney 3071:Celso Cunha 2640:João do Rio 2523:Jorge Amado 2488:João Almino 2273:Luís Carlos 2226:Álvaro Lins 2126:Olavo Bilac 2115:Celso Lafer 1991:Vítor Viana 1850:Rui Barbosa 1729:Hermes Lima 1506:Coelho Neto 935:Later works 871:Willi Bolle 767:Campo Geral 653:hagiography 562:existential 537:portmanteau 464:Third Reich 266:Cordisburgo 232:James Joyce 192:short story 179:Portuguese: 106:Cordisburgo 61:Preceded by 3334:Categories 2664:Mauro Mota 2441:Dias Gomes 2367:Múcio Leão 2320:Silva Melo 2080:Ruy Castro 2056:Hélio Lobo 1600:Viana Moog 1465:Luís Murat 1343:2017-12-20 1228:13 October 1173:13 October 1086:References 828:allegories 754:Revelation 714:diminutive 658:sertanejos 613:Saint Mark 609:São Marcos 605:landscapes 585:sertanejos 344:Lithuanian 314:; 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Index


3rd Academic of the 2nd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters
João Neves da Fontoura
Mário Palmério
Cordisburgo
Minas Gerais
Brazil
Rio de Janeiro
Guanabara
Alma mater
Federal University of Minas Gerais
[ʒuˈɐ̃wɡimɐˈɾɐ̃jzˈʁɔzɐ,ˈʒwɐ̃w-]
novelist
short story
poet
diplomat
Grande Sertão: Veredas
English
neologisms
critic
Antonio Candido
James Joyce
Ulysses
Bokklubben World Library
sertão
literature
Nobel Prize in Literature
Cordisburgo
Minas Gerais
French

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