152:, and recruited skilled engineers from Leeds thereby enabling locomotives to be built there for the first time. He built useful and reliable locomotives but believed that standardisation of locomotive design held back progress. Instead he followed a policy of producing classes of one or two locomotives designed for specific duties. This proved to be expensive and eventually created a chaotic maintenance situation on the railway. By the time he left office there were seventy-two different designs of locomotive in use. When the directors pressed him to reduce the number of new classes in 1869, Craven offered his resignation. This was accepted by the directors and he was succeeded by
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was opened at the beginning of 1844, and had a gradient of between 1 in 47 (2.13%) and 1 in 59 (1.69%) for 2,320 yards (2,120 m) with a total rise of 116 feet (35 m) up to Miles
Platting. A stationary engine and wire rope had been installed during 1843, ready for the opening of the line, in
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Following the resignation of Fenton in
January 1845, William Jenkins was appointed to replace him in February, and Craven was promoted to outdoor locomotive superintendent under Jenkins. The line from
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locomotives with wheels of 4 ft 6 in (1.37 m) diameter could haul trains up this incline, and this convinced the M&LR directors that the rope haulage could be dispensed with.
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of Leeds at the age of fourteen. Bradley states that he began his apprenticeship Fenton Murray and
Jackson. He appears to have left Fenton, Murray and Jackson in 1837, and worked briefly for
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Following his resignation Craven was frequently employed as a consultant on engineering projects. He was also active in local politics. He died at
Brighton in 1887.
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Little is known of Craven's parentage and there is also some confusion over his early career, but all sources agree that he was born 11 September 1813 at
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but little is known of his work there. In
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order to assist trains up the bank from
Manchester Victoria. In March 1845, Craven successfully demonstrated that normal
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Craven resigned from the M&LR in May 1845 and then became
Locomotive Engineer for the
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Four carriages of Craven's design survive, Nosd. 35, 94, 221 and 204 all on the
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of
Westminster. He then returned to Leeds to become works manager either for
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215:. Lichfield: Railway Correspondence and Travel Society. p. 59.
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59:. According to John Marshall, Craven began an apprenticeship with
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Locomotives of the London
Brighton and South Coast Railway Part 1
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from 1847 until his resignation in 1870. He died in 1887.
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Acworth, W.M. (1888). "The London and
Brighton railway".
99:, before he was appointed Locomotive Foreman of the
75:of the Sun Foundry, followed by a year working for
200:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. pp. 8–9.
305:The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 1
273:The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 2
484:London, Brighton and South Coast Railway people
235:Bradley (1969), p.8 and Marshall (1978), p.59.
198:A biographical dictionary of railway engineers
422:Locomotive, Carriage and Wagon Superintendent
91:. He spent three years at Leeds working with
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369:Grace's Guide to British Industrial History
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148:Craven re-organised and greatly enlarged
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138:London, Brighton and South Coast Railway
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140:following the dismissal of John Gray.
103:(M&LR) on 9 November 1842, under
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469:English railway mechanical engineers
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474:Locomotive builders and designers
384:"John Chester Craven - portrait"
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73:Carrett, Marshall and Company
61:Robert Stephenson and Company
101:Manchester and Leeds Railway
16:English locomotive engineer
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479:Locomotive superintendents
176:List of Craven locomotives
69:Fenton, Murray and Jackson
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464:Engineers from Yorkshire
130:Eastern Counties Railway
81:Todd, Kitson & Laird
67:, later transferring to
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244:Marshall (1978), p.59.
211:Bradley, D.L. (1969).
166:awaiting restoration.
150:Brighton railway works
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365:"John Chester Craven"
279:. pp. 199, 201.
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331:Bradley (1969), p.9.
253:Bradley (1969), p.8.
77:Maudslay and Company
489:People from Hunslet
407:Business positions
349:(19): 91–107, p.98.
309:David & Charles
277:David & Charles
116:Manchester Victoria
29:John Chester Craven
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436:William Stroudley
433:Succeeded by
343:Murray's Magazine
154:William Stroudley
89:Shepherd and Todd
85:Shepherd and Todd
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459:1887 deaths
454:1813 births
448:Categories
430:1847–1870
183:References
97:John Gray
93:David Joy
65:Newcastle
395:3 August
374:3 August
303:(1969).
271:(1970).
170:See also
144:Brighton
87:or else
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389:Art UK
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
