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defeating the predator tribes. Then he started building infrastructure for the town, (at the village of
Khangurh and its surroundings). Being an architect and an engineer himself, he designed and then executed the plans of laying a wide road network around the town that measured a good 600 miles (965 km). In that he resolved the problem of unavailability of potable water for the residents by excavating a tank that contained water brought from Indus through a canal. His biggest and most important feat was the excavation of Begaree Canal, originating from Guddu barrage on river Indus, going round the district irrigating thousands of acres of land previously uncultivated, thereby providing means of living to thousands of people.
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248:), where he planned and supervised the transformation of thousands of acres of desert into arable land over the course of twenty years. The scale of progress and prosperity his works brought to the region can be appreciated by comparing those regions' relative prosperity compared to areas which were not under his administrative jurisdiction.
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had broken out; Jacob's Horse remained loyal throughout. He was anxious to return to India, as he had been selected for the command of the
Central Indian Army. He was delayed in Bushire on the insistence of the British minister there, and Lord Elphinstone was unable to await his arrival; the command
488:
Not long after Jacob's death the simple grave turned into a shrine for
Muslims and Hindus alike for an oil lamp could be seen burning at its head. This practice, according to Lambrick, was discontinued on the orders of the Executive Engineer in the 1930s for the oil from the lamp left a messy stain
365:
He set about to recruit a second regiment of Sind Horse, which Napier announced in a letter dated 28 November 1846 would be called Jacob's Horse. As
Irregular Cavalry, each regiment had only three European officers, a system that Jacob argued should be extended to all Indian cavalry regiments. Both
484:
Controversy arose over a pamphlet Jacob published, "Letters to a Lady on the
Progress of Being", which presented an early version of evolutionary theory. He resisted claims from clergy serving in India that he was attempting to undermine Christian faith. (source The Saturday Review 1858 "General
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as it then was, and got him into trouble with the
Government in London. He was a scientist and inventor, developing an exploding bullet, or shell, that fired combustibles up to 6 miles (9.7 km). He believed this would revolutionize the art of war. Two good riflemen could, in his opinion,
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In 1847 Jacob was placed in political charge of the frontier and established his headquarters at
Khangurh. At the time he set foot on there, the area was known as Upper Sind 'desert', littered with marauders who looted for living. At the first place he restored peace in the area by thoroughly
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annihilate the best battery of field artillery in 10 minutes. Further experiments made it possible to fire shells up to a range of 14 miles. More importantly, he designed a four grooved rifle and had various experimental guns manufactured in London by leading gunsmiths, and at his expense.
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Jacob involved local people in works for the common good. He subdivided tasks and distributed them among families. Jacob noted that he saw men working into the night without orders. It was local people who took to calling the new settlement "Jekumbad".
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are named after him. He died of ill health at
Jacobabad on 6 December 1858. He was buried in the town where his grave has been well-maintained by the locals for whom he retains a cult status, and, according to BBC correspondent
439:, General Stalker having suddenly died, Jacob was put in charge of 3000 men. Peace favourable to the British Government having been negotiated, Jacob was left in charge of conducting the evacuation of Bushire.
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Through the good offices of his cousin, Capt
William Jacob of the Bombay Artillery in February 1826. His elder brother, Herbert, was then also serving out in India as a new subaltern. HT Lambrick,
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In April 1855 he was gazetted
Lieutenant-Colonel. In 1856, due to Sir Bartle Frere's poor health, he taking leave in England, Jacob was pronounced Acting Commissioner in Sind.
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in 1841; in 1842 he was additionally placed in political charge of the whole of the Cutchee frontier. He saw his first major action as Brevet Captain at the
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658:"Papers of Brig-Gen John Jacob, Bombay Artillery 1828-58, Commandant, Scinde Irregular Horse 1841-58, Political Superintendent of Upper Sind 1847-58"
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on the grave. But still, many of the Baloch villagers visit the tomb, pray for the health of an ailing child or for happiness and wealth.
264:, England, where his father the Reverend Stephen Long Jacob was incumbent. His mother was Susanna, daughter of the Reverend James Bond of
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regiments were absorbed into the Indian Army in 1860 and ultimately became the 35th Sind Horse and the
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After seven years employed with his regiment, he was then employed as subordinate to the collector of
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He first saw active service in the summer of 1839 as a subaltern of artillery, the force led by Sir
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272:. A number of the young cadets there who were his contemporaries, included such famous officers as
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Major John Jacob, 'Remarks on the Native Troops of the Indian Army', Times Press, Bombay, 1854.
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546:"'Woolavington', in A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 8, the Poldens and the Levels"
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instead. Jacob returned to Jacobabad where he raised two regiments of infantry. The
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General John Jacob Commandant of the Sind Irregular Horse and Founder of Jacobabad
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for the major portion of his career. He is known for the cavalry regiment called
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531:"Remembering General John Jacob – an able administrator and a master planner"
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268:, England. He was schooled by his father until he obtained his cadetship to
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358:, with the British force sent to conquer Sindh. He was made a
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A month after the end of hostilities with the Persians, the
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216:(11 January 1812 – 6 December 1858) was an officer of the
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Transforming the Village of Khangarh to City of Jacobabad
370:. They saw active service in Northern and Central India,
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British military personnel of the First Anglo-Afghan War
386:. They were amalgamated in 1921 and became known as the
849:. Westminster: Archibald Constable. pp. 438–40.
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British military personnel of the Anglo-Persian War
492:Among his collateral descendants were Lt. Gen. Sir
407:He wrote many pamphlets which were critical of the
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630:(online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004.
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591:, reprint, Karachi, 1975, of original edition, p.7
869:Images of John Jacob, Jacobabad and Jacob's Horse
736:"Salman Rashid: The Clock that John Jacob built"
8:
496:, KBE, CB, a former Director-General of the
688:. Cambridge University Press. p. 290.
710:"'Karachi to the Khyber Pass', Mark Tully"
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116:Jacobabad, British India (now in Pakistan)
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916:Graduates of Addiscombe Military Seminary
813:Brigadier General John Jacob of Jacobabad
464:locals believed he had saintlike status.
288:and others. He was commissioned into the
946:British East India Company Army generals
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627:Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
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388:14th Prince of Wales's Own Scinde Horse
847:Addiscombe: its heroes and men of note
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57:Brigadier General Jacob, engraving by
716:from the original on 22 December 2021
685:Sepoy Generals: Wellington to Roberts
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752:On Society, Religion, and Government
931:Companions of the Order of the Bath
796:Brigadier General John Jacob C.B.,
360:Companion of the Order of the Bath
25:
749:Stephen, James Fitzjames (2015).
311:Marble bust at Taunton Shire Hall
309:Brigadier General John Jacob, CB.
18:John Jacob (British army officer)
951:Military personnel from Somerset
911:People from Sedgemoor (district)
827:Dictionary of National Biography
485:Jacob on the Progress of Being"
327:column, to join the army of the
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571:Shand, Alexander Innes (2013).
228:, and for founding the town of
577:. Forgotten Books. p. 14.
346:. He was given command of the
1:
808:, Cassel and Co, London, 1960
457:26th Jacob's Mountain Battery
838:, Secker & Warburg 1949.
836:Scenes from a Bourgeois Life
644:UK public library membership
319:. In 1838 he was ordered to
270:Addiscombe Military Seminary
798:Seeley and Co, London, 1900
755:. Oxford University Press.
552:. Victoria County Histories
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218:British East India Company
921:Bombay Artillery officers
712:. BBC. 14 December 2010.
621:"Jacob, John (1812–1858)"
50:
871:. Accessed 28 March 2006
778:Lambrick, p. 5, footnote
444:Indian rebellion of 1857
883:Encyclopædia Britannica
806:John Jacob of Jacobabad
589:John Jacob of Jacobabad
476:Mausoleum of John Jacob
423:At the outbreak of the
331:at the outbreak of the
886:(11th ed.). 1911.
636:10.1093/ref:odnb/14571
550:British History Online
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403:As a Military Engineer
333:First Anglo-Afghan War
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278:Robert Cornelis Napier
190:First Anglo-Afghan War
845:Vibart, H.M. (1894).
830:. Vol. 29. 1892.
792:Alexander Innes Shand
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435:. When he arrived at
342:, sent to invade the
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157:Years of service
59:Thomas Lewis Atkinson
802:Hugh Trevor Lambrick
877:"Jacob, John"
821:"Jacob, John"
660:. National Archives
504:, a historian; and
282:Henry Marion Durand
260:, in the county of
82:, Somerset, England
926:Jacobabad District
811:Kenneth W. Jacob,
680:Forrest, George W.
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368:36th Jacob's Horse
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226:36th Jacob's Horse
177:36th Jacob's Horse
151:East India Company
642:(Subscription or
544:Dunning, Robert.
425:Anglo-Persian War
206:Brigadier-General
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429:Aide-de-Camp
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286:Vincent Eyre
258:Woolavington
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183:Battles/wars
92:(1858-12-06)
80:Woolavington
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906:1858 deaths
901:1812 births
664:15 November
556:15 November
502:E. F. Jacob
419:Persian War
409:Indian Army
380:World War I
376:Afghanistan
344:Upper Sindh
294:Bombay Army
107:, Pakistan)
895:Categories
646:required.)
512:References
462:Mark Tully
348:Sind Horse
340:John Keane
300:Afghan War
252:Early life
209:John Jacob
122:Allegiance
73:1812-01-11
39:John Jacob
855:23336661M
494:Ian Jacob
323:with the
230:Jacobabad
160:1828–1858
97:Jacobabad
720:21 April
714:Archived
682:(2011).
500:, Prof.
262:Somerset
246:Pakistan
173:Commands
140:Service/
103:(now in
437:Bushire
350:by Sir
317:Gujarat
853:
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692:
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468:Legacy
384:France
372:Persia
325:Bombay
142:branch
131:
112:Buried
61:, 1859
329:Indus
242:Sindh
240:(now
232:, in
105:Sindh
757:ISBN
722:2017
690:ISBN
666:2015
558:2015
455:and
374:and
321:Sind
165:Rank
87:Died
67:Born
632:doi
498:BBC
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382:in
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