153:
Mr Murray appealed to the Court of Appeal in
Northern Ireland and lost on 7 July 1992. He had applied to the Commission in 1991, the case was referred to the ECtHR in 1994, heard on 20 June 1995 and the Court gave its opinion on 8 February 1996. Several groups filed written submissions including the
189:
The
Commission found the reductions to the right of silence were not in breach of Article 6; the right was not absolute. The Court decided thus as Mr Murray was able to remain silent and this was not a criminal offence or contempt of court. It also found that the inferences could not be regarded as
194:
evidence against the accused, and Mr Murray's refusal to provide any explanation, and that the inferences were not a significant part of his conviction. His lack of early access to a lawyer was incompatible with the concept of fairness as it had placed the accused in a situation where his rights
173:
had been breached, notably his right to silence during questioning and at trial, that the inferences from his silence were an integral part of the decision to find him guilty, the lack of access to a lawyer at the beginning of his detention and the different rights under the law in
England and
138:. Following his arrest and over twelve interviews at Castlereagh, totaling over twenty-one hours in the next two days, Mr Murray refused to answer any questions despite being warned each time that "a court might draw such inference as appeared proper from his failure or refusal to do so".
201:
The courts' decisions were by majority – 14–5 in regard of no breach of
Article 6(1) and 6(2), 12–7 in regard of a violation of 6(1) with 6(3c), and unanimously that it was not necessary to examine the applicant's complaint of a violation of 6(1) and 14.
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against the defendant under
Articles 4 and 6 of the 1988 Order. Mr Murray was found guilty of aiding and abetting the false imprisonment of a police informer and sentenced to eight years' imprisonment.
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unfair given the presence of sufficient safeguards, the repeated warnings given during the interviews, the
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145:, sitting without a jury, Mr Murray chose not to give evidence. As part of his decision the judge drew
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John Murray was one of eight people arrested on 7 January 1990 in
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European Court of Human Rights cases decided by the Grand
Chamber
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European Court of Human Rights cases involving the United
Kingdom
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Mr Murray was awarded ÂŁ15,000 towards his costs and expenses.
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Northern
Ireland Standing Advisory Commission on Human Rights
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Prevention of
Terrorism (Temporary Provisions) Act 1989
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Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights
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169:Mr Murray complained that his rights under the
136:Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1988
178:. In the Convention these complaints refer to
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8:
669:Carlton Tower & Portman Hotel shootings
176:Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act
1037:Paddington & Victoria station bombings
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258:
244:
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156:Committee on the Administration of Justice
134:; he was cautioned as specified in the
836:Hyde Park & Regent's Park bombings
143:Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland
35:
326:Chronology of Provisional IRA actions
7:
1935:South Armagh Republican Action Force
1012:Honourable Artillery Company bombing
141:At the trial in May 1991 before the
1120:Forensic Science Laboratory bombing
195:might be irretrievably prejudiced.
171:European Convention on Human Rights
579:King's Cross & Euston bombings
25:
2256:Provisional Irish Republican Army
351:Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape
267:Provisional Irish Republican Army
180:Article 6 paragraphs 1, 2, and 3c
1971:Continuity Irish Republican Army
846:Royal Artillery Barracks bombing
386:Armalite and ballot box strategy
174:Northern Ireland because of the
2276:1996 in United Kingdom case law
2266:The Troubles (Northern Ireland)
2261:Terrorism in the United Kingdom
634:British Airways bombing attempt
1057:Musgrave Park Hospital bombing
406:Northern Ireland peace process
218:Saunders v. the United Kingdom
113:European Court of Human Rights
111:was a legal case heard by the
1:
1007:London Stock Exchange bombing
18:John Murray v. United Kingdom
1032:Downing Street mortar attack
856:Ballygawley land mine attack
604:Houses of Parliament bombing
346:Improvised tactical vehicles
108:John Murray v United Kingdom
55:John Murray v United Kingdom
39:John Murray v United Kingdom
2089:William "Frenchie" Marchant
1940:Direct Action Against Drugs
1532:Antoine Mac Giolla Bhrighde
1239:1997 Northern Ireland riots
1062:Crumlin Road Prison bombing
876:RUC Birches barracks attack
719:Walton's Restaurant bombing
659:Telephone exchange bombings
519:Scottish soldiers' killings
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1976:Real Irish Republican Army
1219:Hammersmith Bridge bombing
920:Glamorgan barracks bombing
714:Scott's Oyster Bar bombing
664:1974 Oxford Street bombing
644:London pillar box bombings
26:
1229:Thiepval barracks bombing
1125:Stoke Newington Road bomb
1047:Glenanne barracks bombing
1022:RFA Fort Victoria bombing
987:Downpatrick roadside bomb
871:Enniskillen mortar attack
773:La Mon restaurant bombing
529:Balmoral showroom bombing
100:
89:
2271:1996 in Northern Ireland
1180:1993 Fivemiletown ambush
1135:Night of the Long Knives
915:1988 Netherlands attacks
831:Chelsea Barracks bombing
589:1973 Westminster bombing
514:1970 Crossmaglen bombing
376:1981 Irish hunger strike
27:Not to be confused with
2044:Christopher Ewart-Biggs
1224:OsnabrĂĽck mortar attack
1214:1996 Manchester bombing
1130:1992 Manchester bombing
1100:Baltic Exchange bombing
930:Ballygawley bus bombing
925:Inglis Barracks bombing
739:West Ham station attack
709:Trattoria Fiore bombing
639:Birmingham pub bombings
609:Tower of London bombing
539:Donegall Street bombing
44:Decided 25 January 1996
29:Murray v United Kingdom
1994:Jeffery Stanford Agate
1527:Breandán Mac Cionnaith
1165:Finchley Road bombings
992:Operation Conservation
940:Clive Barracks bombing
851:Brighton hotel bombing
811:Dunmurry train bombing
614:Guildford pub bombings
544:Battle at Springmartin
504:Battle of St Matthew's
447:Internal Security Unit
115:in 1996 regarding the
77:Nationality of parties
1175:Shankill Road bombing
1150:Cullaville occupation
1090:London Bridge bombing
945:Deal barracks bombing
826:1981 Bessbrook attack
729:Balcombe Street siege
699:London Hilton bombing
689:Caterham Arms bombing
624:Brooks's Club bombing
619:Harrow School bombing
564:Newry customs bombing
411:Good Friday Agreement
160:Amnesty International
1727:Thomas "Slab" Murphy
1507:Patrick Joseph Kelly
1170:Battle of Newry Road
1140:1993 Harrods bombing
1017:Lichfield gun attack
1002:Carlton Club bombing
997:1990 Wembley bombing
724:Drummuckavall ambush
694:Tullyvallen massacre
629:Woolwich pub bombing
477:Balcombe Street Gang
467:South Armagh Brigade
442:IRA Southern Command
437:IRA Northern Command
1955:Troops Out Movement
1902:Freddie Scappaticci
1209:Aldwych bus bombing
1160:Bishopsgate bombing
1145:Warrington bombings
1105:Sussex Arms bombing
1095:Staples Cnr bombing
1042:Mullacreevie ambush
982:South Armagh sniper
935:Jonesborough ambush
881:Rheindahlen bombing
861:Newry mortar attack
816:Lough Foyle attacks
674:Mountainview attack
649:Talbot Arms bombing
574:Honey Trap killings
472:East Tyrone Brigade
452:Active service unit
316:Haughey arms crisis
2084:Baroness Brabourne
1522:Proinsias Mac Airt
1457:John Francis Green
896:Corporals killings
866:Ballygawley attack
821:Glasdrumman ambush
783:Warrenpoint ambush
778:Crossmaglen ambush
749:Store bar shooting
734:Kingsmill massacre
704:Piccadilly bombing
679:Bayardo Bar attack
584:Coleraine bombings
569:Old Bailey bombing
549:Battle of Lenadoon
401:Smithwick Tribunal
391:Punishment attacks
381:Maze Prison escape
147:adverse inferences
85:Court composition
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1892:Martin McGartland
1737:Ruairà Ó Brádaigh
1662:Pádraig McKearney
1657:Martin McGuinness
1632:Brendan McFarlane
1602:Raymond McCartney
1542:Seán Mac StĂofáin
1260:
1247:
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1234:Coalisland attack
1204:Docklands bombing
1199:Drumcree conflict
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759:Garryhinch ambush
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16:(Redirected from
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2220:Michael Willetts
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2164:Robert McCartney
2129:Lord Mountbatten
2104:Robert McConnell
1904:
1897:Sean O'Callaghan
1772:Diarmuid O'Neill
1762:Siobhán O'Hanlon
1752:Éamonn O'Doherty
1747:Dáithà Ó Conaill
1687:Michael McKevitt
1682:Laurence McKeown
1622:SĂ©amus McElwaine
1612:Raymond McCreesh
1607:Martin McCaughey
1342:Carál NĂ ChuilĂn
1272:Martina Anderson
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1185:Heathrow attacks
1115:Coalisland riots
886:Loughgall ambush
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788:Brussels bombing
534:Abercorn bombing
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331:Arms importation
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1432:William Fleming
1427:Mairéad Farrell
1297:Charles Breslin
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2055:
2052:
2050:
2049:Joseph Fenton
2047:
2045:
2042:
2040:
2037:
2035:
2034:Raymond Elder
2032:
2030:
2029:Eamon Collins
2027:
2025:
2024:Martin Cahill
2022:
2020:
2019:Matthew Burns
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2004:Anthony Berry
2002:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1989:
1983:
1977:
1974:
1972:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1962:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
1922:
1920:
1916:
1908:
1903:
1900:
1898:
1895:
1893:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1877:Joseph Fenton
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1867:Eamon Collins
1865:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1856:Espionage and
1854:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1837:Seamus Twomey
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1780:
1778:
1777:Dolours Price
1775:
1773:
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1732:Kieran Nugent
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1712:Arthur Morgan
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1702:Martin Meehan
1700:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1677:Kevin McKenna
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1617:Joe McDonnell
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1587:Daniel McCann
1585:
1583:
1580:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1558:
1557:Donna Maguire
1555:
1553:
1550:
1548:
1547:Patrick Magee
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1520:
1518:
1515:
1513:
1510:
1508:
1505:
1503:
1500:
1498:
1495:
1493:
1490:
1488:
1487:Pearse Jordan
1485:
1483:
1482:Martin Hurson
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1430:
1428:
1425:
1423:
1420:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1385:
1383:
1380:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1370:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1362:Eamon Collins
1360:
1358:
1355:
1353:
1350:
1348:
1345:
1343:
1340:
1338:
1335:
1333:
1330:
1328:
1327:Malachy Carey
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1317:Liam Campbell
1315:
1313:
1310:
1308:
1305:
1303:
1302:Edward Butler
1300:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1282:Thomas Begley
1280:
1278:
1275:
1273:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1254:
1253:Personalities
1250:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1210:
1207:
1205:
1202:
1200:
1197:
1195:
1193:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:Clonoe ambush
1083:
1081:
1078:
1077:
1075:
1073:
1069:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1048:
1045:
1043:
1040:
1038:
1035:
1033:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
976:
971:
970:
968:
966:
962:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
909:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
842:
839:
837:
834:
832:
829:
827:
824:
822:
819:
817:
814:
812:
809:
808:
806:
804:
800:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
767:
764:Jonesborough
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
745:
742:
740:
737:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
630:
627:
625:
622:
620:
617:
615:
612:
610:
607:
605:
602:
600:
597:
595:
592:
590:
587:
585:
582:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
554:Bloody Friday
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
499:
497:
493:
490:
488:
484:
478:
475:
473:
470:
468:
465:
463:
462:Derry Brigade
460:
458:
455:
453:
450:
448:
445:
443:
440:
438:
435:
433:
430:
428:
425:
424:
422:
418:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
384:
382:
379:
377:
374:
372:
369:
367:
364:
362:
361:Dirty protest
359:
357:
354:
352:
349:
347:
344:
342:
339:
337:
334:
332:
329:
327:
324:
322:
319:
317:
314:
311:
307:
304:
302:
299:
297:
294:
292:
289:
287:
284:
282:
279:
278:
276:
272:
268:
261:
256:
254:
249:
247:
242:
241:
238:
232:
231:ECHR judgment
229:
228:
224:
219:
216:
213:
210:
209:
205:
203:
199:
196:
193:
187:
185:
181:
177:
172:
167:
165:
161:
157:
151:
148:
144:
139:
137:
133:
129:
125:
120:
118:
114:
110:
109:
99:
96:
92:
88:
83:
79:
75:
72:Grand chamber
71:
67:
63:
59:
56:
53:
51:
47:
42:
37:
34:
30:
19:
2134:Lenny Murphy
2099:Jerry McCabe
2069:Heidi Hazell
2039:Gerard Evans
1950:Clan na Gael
1905:(allegedly "
1882:Kevin Fulton
1859:Supergrasses
1847:SĂ©anna Walsh
1832:Gerard Tuite
1827:Bobby Storey
1822:Jimmy Steele
1782:Marian Price
1722:Conor Murphy
1567:Paul Marlowe
1562:Larry Marley
1492:Brian Keenan
1447:Angelo Fusco
1422:Dessie Ellis
1417:Rose Dugdale
1387:Hugh Doherty
1372:Marion Coyle
1352:Peter Cleary
1337:Gerard Casey
1258:(Volunteers)
1191:
1190:Crossmaglen
1052:Coagh ambush
974:
907:
765:
509:Falls Curfew
420:Organisation
371:Anti H-Block
321:IRA campaign
306:The Troubles
296:An Phoblacht
200:
197:
191:
188:
168:
152:
140:
121:
107:
106:
105:
95:Rolv Ryssdal
90:
54:
33:
2190:Nick Spanos
2185:Sammy Smyth
2175:(allegedly)
2167:(allegedly)
1964:Derivatives
1817:Frank Stagg
1812:Pat Sheehan
1807:Seán Savage
1802:Bobby Sands
1792:Paddy Quinn
1767:Rita O'Hare
1672:Billy McKee
1647:Pat McGeown
1637:Tom McFeely
1577:Alex Maskey
1497:Gerry Kelly
1462:Dessie Grew
1442:Bernard Fox
1412:Colin Duffy
1407:Pat Doherty
1392:Joe Doherty
1382:Matt Devlin
1332:Owen Carron
1307:Paul Butler
1267:Paddy Agnew
973:Derrygorry
906:Aughanduff
594:M62 bombing
396:Disappeared
192:prima facie
2235:Categories
2215:Sammy Ward
2154:Paul Quinn
2014:Joe Bratty
1918:Associates
1907:Stakeknife
1797:Billy Reid
1787:Liam Quinn
1742:Ed O'Brien
1592:Fra McCann
1572:Leo Martin
1552:Paul Magee
1517:Jim Lynagh
1512:Sean Kelly
1502:John Kelly
1357:Kevin Coen
1312:Joe Cahill
184:Article 14
130:under the
2149:Tim Parry
2054:Billy Fox
1985:Prominent
1842:Roy Walsh
1707:Ian Milne
1287:Ivor Bell
1072:1992–1997
965:1990–1991
910:shootdown
803:1980–1989
496:1970–1979
286:Sinn FĂ©in
182:and also
91:President
1987:killings
336:Weaponry
310:Timeline
206:See also
162:and the
2064:Ian Gow
1194:downing
977:downing
975:Gazelle
768:downing
766:Gazelle
487:Actions
274:General
124:Belfast
69:Chamber
1945:NORAID
220:(1994)
214:(1993)
1192:Lynx
908:Lynx
61:Case
2237::
1909:")
186:.
166:.
158:,
126:,
312:)
308:(
259:e
252:t
245:v
31:.
20:)
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