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simulator they named NEURON. Using NEURON he pioneered the concept of working back and forth between simulations and actual experiments, using simulations to predict the outcome of experiments on biological preparations, and then carrying out the experiment to test the validity of the parameters entered into the simulations. Hines took over the further evolution of NEURON while Moore collaborated with his wife, neurobiologist
243:, to make the educational tool Neurons in Action based on NEURON. Neurons in Action has been used widely to convey basic principles of neurophysiology, for example by Tibetan monks and nuns of the Dalai Lama in exile in Dharamsala, India, and in a course of the International Brain Research Organization held annually for faculty in different African countries.
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discovered he had been working on the project of developing a centrifuge to separate isotopes of uranium for the
Manhattan Project. A second war project assignment, making an automated director for ships' guns using radar, awakened his interest in feedback systems that ultimately shaped his professional undertakings.
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Moore was born in
November 1920 in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where his father was superintendent of the Winston-Salem public schools. He studied physics at Davidson College and entered a graduate program in physics at the University of Virginia in 1941. The day after Pearl Harbor he suddenly
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His first appointment was at RCA where he was heavily influenced by Art Vance, who among other inventions designed the operational amplifier that Moore later introduced into neurophysiology equipment. As his interests began to turn towards applying physics to biological problems, he joined the
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In the 1980s Moore turned his attention to using the evolving power of computers for two big problems: simulating experimental results, and predicting how action potentials travel in neurons of complex geometry. He hired
Michael Hines, a mathematician, to collaborate in developing a neuronal
158:(November 1, 1920 – March 30, 2019) was an American biophysicist who pioneered the emergent power of computers, beginning in the 1950s, to reveal how signals are generated, integrated, and then travel in neurons. He is well known for his discovery (with
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Moore had two sons and a daughter and seven grandchildren from his first marriage to
Natalie Bayless in 1946. In 1978 he married Ann E. Stuart with whom he had one son, Jonathan Stuart-Moore, who has assisted in the development of Neurons in Action.
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causes death by blocking the sodium ion channels that are responsible for nerve activity. Moore was emeritus professor of
Neurobiology at Duke University Medical School where he had been a member of the faculty since 1961. Moore's
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218:. Moving to Duke in 1961, Moore improved the voltage clamp, attracting collaborators from different universities and countries who brought him
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Moore's autobiography is available at the
Society for Neuroscience website. He died in March 2019 at the age of 98.
441:"Tibetan monks and nuns in India learn neuroscience by using Ann Stuart's Neurons in Action software and tutorials"
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198:, at the Naval Medical Research Institute and later the NIH. Moore became one of the earliest adopters of the
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such as tetrodotoxin and red tide toxin to test on nerve axons. Much of this work was carried out on
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474:"A personal view of the early development of computational neuroscience in the USA"
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459:"SfN-Funded Workshop Provides Training for African Medical Faculty"
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Neurons in Action
Version 2: Tutorials and Simulations Using Neuron
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faculty at the
Medical College of Virginia, and then the lab of
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Using the voltage clamp to discover the action of neurotoxins
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Biophysics, Neuroscience, Computational
Neuroscience, Physics
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in Woods Hole, MA, where he spent summers until his death.
443:. University of North Carolina. July 2009. Archived from
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234:Bringing the power of computers into neurobiology
272:Narahashi, T; Moore, JW; Scott, WR (May 1964).
461:. Society for Neuroscience. 18 September 2013.
429:. No. 436. University of North Carolina.
378:UNC Department of Cell Biology and Physiology
352:. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
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202:, which Cole had invented and had shown to
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346:Carnevale, NT; Hines, ML (July 2009).
531:In Memory of John Wilson Moore, Ph.D.
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425:Lang, Leslie H. (28 August 2000).
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16:American biophysicist (1920–2019)
128:Naval Medical Research Institute
322:"Past Kenneth S. Cole Awardees"
398:Moore, JW; Stuart, AE (2007).
162:), that the puffer fish toxin
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569:University of Virginia alumni
43:Winston-Salem, North Carolina
228:Marine Biological Laboratory
404:. Sinauer Associates, Inc.
133:Medical College of Virginia
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472:Moore, JW (7 July 2010).
169:NEURON simulator software
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491:10.3389/fncom.2010.00020
175:Early life and education
564:Davidson College alumni
478:Front. Comput. Neurosci
200:voltage clamp technique
559:American biophysicists
143:University of Virginia
374:"Ann E. Stuart, PhD"
290:10.1085/jgp.47.5.965
196:Kenneth Stewart Cole
92:Ann Elizabeth Stuart
326:Biophysical Society
214:the problem of the
210:who had used it to
411:978-0-87893-548-2
224:squid giant axons
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100:Scientific career
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114:Institutions
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78:Tetrodotoxin
69:(B.S., 1941)
56:(2019-03-30)
554:2019 deaths
549:1920 births
383:30 November
331:30 November
220:neurotoxins
145:(1941–1945)
140:(1945–1946)
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125:(1954–1961)
543:Categories
259:References
241:Ann Stuart
35:1920-11-01
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184:Career
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82:NEURON
212:solve
514:PMID
496:ISSN
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206:and
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