Knowledge (XXG)

Joof family

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716: 1120:) │ │ _________________________________________________________________________│ │ ┌───────────┮────────────────────────────────────────┐ │ │ │ Maad a Sinig Niokhobai Mane Nyan Joof │ Lingeer Siga Pal Mane Nyan Joof (king of Sine) │ │ Maad a Sinig Gejopal Mane Nyan Joof (king of Sine) 553:. Having served as legal advisor to this noble Council for 15 years, Maysa Wali managed to win the confidence and trust of the council and the common people. He was nominated and elected by the council and the people as king of Sine. He was the first Guelowar king of Sine. He gave his sisters in marriage to the Serer nobility which sealed the union between Serer and Guelowar. It was the offspring of these marriages between the old Serer paternal noble clans and the Guelowar maternal clan of Kaabu that ruled the kingdom of Sine and later Saloum. In this Guelowar period, the Joof family (one of the oldest Serer paternal noble clans) provided many kings in the Kingdoms of Sine and Saloum (the Joof paternal dynasty of Sine and Saloum). The Joof family also founded three 1589: 1108:, c. 1290) │ Maad Niokhobai Joof (king of Laa, Baol) │ ____________________________________│ │ Maad Patar Kholleh Joof (The Conqueror) =  ? = Lingeer Mane Nyan (king of Laa, Baol and 1116:) │ │ (2) │ │_____________________________________________ │ │ Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof │ (Jaraff and prince of 489: 2216: 3265: 2244: 2230: 692:(Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali's niece). From that marriage he had Maad a Sinig Niokhobai Mane Nyan Joof (Niokhobaye Mane Niane Diouf) and Maad a Sinig Gejopal Mane Nyan Joof (GuĂ©diopal Niane Mane Diouf), who were the first kings of Sine during the Guelowar period from the patrilineage Joof. Their brother Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof (Diaraf BourĂ© Gnilane Diouf) was not a king of Sine, but a Jaraff (equivalent of 2188: 1790: 2202: 41: 1238: 1941: 450:
Joof (the Joof paternal dynasty of Baol). Some of these kings include Boureh Joof (Bouré Diouf), Guidiane Joof (Guidiane Diouf), Ma Joof, Jinak Dialane Joof, Maguinak Joof, etc. These kings preceded the Guelowar period by at least two or three centuries and long before the Fall paternal dynasty of
405:
with his younger brother Ndik Joof. The tradition then went on to say that, he had a son called Sosseh Joof (Socé Diouf) who was the heir of Tukar. Some scholars have proposed that, Tukar (and many of its surrounding villages such as Njujuf, Sob, etc., which were founded by Lamane Jegan Joof making
270:
Though there are multiple spellings for this surname, they all refer to the same people. The differences in spelling came about because Senegal was colonized by France, while the Gambia was colonized by the United Kingdom. Although spelt differently, they are pronounced the same way.
2149:
The following list gives the names of personalities with this surname who are experts in a variety of professions, and are equally known for each of these professions. Their professional life is so wide and varied that they can not be easily described by a single category:
451:
Baol and Cayor who inherited the throne around 1549 after the Battle of Danki. The general consensus is that, after the demise of the Joof paternal and Wagadou maternal dynasties of Baol with other Serer paternal dynasties who jointly ruled Baol, the
1780:, member of the African board of the Commission for the Global Advancement of Nephrology (COMGAN), member of the African Associations of Nephrology, President and founder-member of the Senegalese Society of Nephrology (SESONEPH) 414:
period (1335) and placed the foundation of these villages in the 11th century, if not earlier. The Joof family had ruled Tukar for many centuries, inherited from their ancestor Lamane Jegan Joof through the Serer
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Diouf, Niokhobaye. "Chronique du royaume du Sine." Suivie de notes sur les traditions orales et les sources Ă©crites concernant le royaume du Sine par Charles Becker et Victor Martin (1972).
463:(titles of the kings of Cayor and Baol, respectively) from the Fall patrilineage were of Wagadou maternal descent. They simply married into the old royal family and succeeded to the throne. 434:
to its end, the royal princesses of the Empire married into the Serer aristocratic families, some of these included Joof family. These royal princesses belonged to the maternal clan
680:, around the 13th century. Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof was the father of Maad Niokhobai Joof (also king of Laa) who was the father of the Great Maad Patar Kolleh Joof (also: 2319:, "Histoire du Sine-Saloum (Sénégal). Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker". Version légÚrement remaniée par rapport à celle parue en 1986-87 541:
in 1335 following a dynastic struggle. They were defeated by the Ñaanco maternal dynasty of Kaabu (their extended relatives) and were granted asylum in the
1174:
regularly venerated were founded or headed by this family which underpins their involvement in the Pangool cult. Some of these venerated sites includes
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Peterson, Derek, Macola, Giacomo, "Recasting the Past: History Writing and Political Work in Modern Africa", Ohio University Press (2009) p. 299.
1565: 1330: 1241: 874: 86: 3806: 3519: 2818: 4774: 4530: 4435: 4420: 4415: 3849: 1857: 1655: 1481: 1343: 906: 585: 515: 496: 208: 1756:. Commonly known as Lawyer Joof (not to be confused with the younger Joseph Henry Joof, who is also known as Lawyer Joof), younger brother of 4711: 3764: 3622: 3603:(Sénégal). Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. Version légÚrement remaniée par rapport à celle qui est parue en 1986-87 4540: 1505: 1249: 688:
Patar Kholé Diouf or Bour Patar Kholleh Diouf) - the conqueror of Baol. Maad Patar Kolleh Joof was the first of the Joof family to marry a
617: 218: 1731:
Some of these legal professionals have ventured into politics but they are more known for their legal than for their political occupation
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derived from, which provided several kings in Sine and Saloum. The Joof Dynasty that succeeded to the throne of Saloum came from Sine.
1828: 975: 4535: 3822: 3785: 3750: 3730: 3692: 3671: 3650: 3636: 3233: 3211: 3171: 3151: 2878: 2842: 2696: 2643: 2607: 2516: 2474: 2424: 2298: 1681: 1495: 603: 213: 3450: 4800: 1416: 531: 147: 4933: 2565: 4194: 4189: 3073: 2870: 2858: 2737:
Diouf, Cheikh, "Fiscalité et Domination Coloniale: l'exemple du Sine: 1859-1940", Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar (2005)
1703:
Mame Birame Souleymane Diouf (also Mame Biram Souleyman Diouf), Senegalese politician, economist and Deputy Mayor of Sokone (
350:
to the thrones of these kingdoms. Although usually associated with Serer royalty, the Joof family also figure prominently in
3226: 3053: 1670:(1925–2006), Senegalese politician and engineer, who held several ministerial posts before and after Senegal's independence. 1523: 1696:(born 1939) Senegalese politician and professor of literature at the UniversitĂ© Cheikh Anta Diop. Member and leader of the 4923: 4862: 2154: 1757: 1621: 893:
The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof was fighting for the succession of his young son Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof
3498: 3380: 3076: 4913: 1543: 2982:
Klein, Martin A: "Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847 - 1914." Edinburgh University Press (1968), p. XV"
970:
Indecisive. The marabout army withdrew when reinforcement finally arrived, but caused severe damage before retreating.
1639: 3999: 3314: 4326: 3433: 1499: 4241: 4236: 4077: 3842: 2811:
Martin, Victor & Becker, Charles, "Lieux de culte et emplacements célÚbres dans les pays sereer" (Sénégal), in
1847: 1612: 1171: 901: 4485: 4336: 397:
following an argument with his relative, the king of Lambaye. The dispute concerned the governance of Lambaye and
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Martin, Victor & Becker, Charles, "Lieux de culte et emplacements célÚbres dans les pays sereer" (Sénégal),
1489: 696:), who gave his name to the first Royal House of the Joof Dynasty (in the Guelowar period) and it is from that 4341: 3325: 3104: 2010: 1635: 3954: 3735:
Bñ, Abdou Bouri. "Essai sur l’histoire du Saloum et du Rip." Avant-propos par Charles Becker et Victor Martin
1340:
Lingeer Gnilane Jogoy Joof, wife of Maat Souka Ndela Joof (parents of Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof)
427:. In 2004, Lamane Njaga Dibor Ndoffene Joof (Lamane Diaga Dibor Ndofene Diouf) was the last lamane of Tukar. 4928: 4551: 4331: 4321: 4261: 4246: 3917: 3698: 3395: 2528: 1651: 1571: 3934: 488: 4908: 4805: 4794: 4789: 4734: 4450: 4445: 4381: 4219: 4199: 4136: 4014: 3302: 3087: 1878: 1749: 1714: 1537: 1509: 1325: 1297: 1179: 1163: 1145: 1097: 927: 921: 661: 394: 127: 3711:
Ethiopiques n°54 revue semestrielle de culture négro-africaine Nouvelle série volume 7 2e semestre (1991)
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The State Must Be Our Master of Fire: How Peasants Craft Culturally Sustainable Development in Senegal
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Amari Ngoneh Sobell Fall after he assisted him defeat the king of Jolof at the Battle of Danki (1549).
4903: 4810: 4739: 4697: 4490: 4371: 3994: 3939: 3298: 3021: 1824: 1814: 1797: 1738: 1719: 1191: 4877: 4475: 4251: 3944: 1916: 1801: 291: 58: 2853:
Fleurentin, Jacques. "Des sources du savoir aux médicaments du futur". IRD Editions, 2002. p 343.
1686: 1660: 4623: 4618: 4613: 4608: 4470: 4057: 3907: 3391: 2172: 1976: 1898: 4826: 4034: 2946:
Becker, Charles; Martin, Victor; & NdĂšne. Aloyse; (RĂ©vision et Ă©dition par Charles Becker),
1949: 1502:
c. 16th century. Unlike the other two royal houses, this royal house did not provide many kings.
1290:
Maad Patar Kholleh Joof (The Conqueror), king of Laa (Baol) and Teigne of Baol (c. 14th century)
949: 446:). With the Joof paternal clan, they ruled the Kingdom of Baol and provided many kings from the 3769:
Wade, Amadou. "Chronique du Walo sénégalais (1186-1855)", B. Cissé trans., V. Monteil, editor,
2116:, commonly known as Lie Joof, implicated in several controversies including the financing of a 410:) now a rather large village in present-day Senegal, is an ancient village and well before the 4852: 4764: 4669: 4410: 4107: 3882: 3818: 3781: 3760: 3746: 3726: 3688: 3667: 3666:, "Senegalia: Ă©tudes sur le patrimoine ouest-africain: hommage Ă  Guy Thilmans." SĂ©pia (2006). 3646: 3632: 3618: 3559: 3469: 3207: 3187: 3167: 3147: 3069: 2874: 2854: 2838: 2692: 2639: 2603: 2512: 2470: 2420: 2294: 2249: 1904: 1763: 1625: 1398: 1387: 1301: 1187: 1137: 523: 378: 346:
and Baol (after 1549 following the Battle of Danki). From these marriages, they provided many
319: 151: 115: 78: 3959: 3357: 1986:, musician, percussionist and composer, band member of the Diouf Brothers (Les frĂšres Diouf). 1508:, the third and last royal house founded by the Joof family. This royal house was founded by 1175: 4461: 4271: 4179: 3663: 2462: 2113: 1894: 1884: 1841: 1677: 1578: 1429: 330:) from the Joof family were also given in marriage to the pre-colonial kings and princes of 4366: 3984: 514:
The Guelowar period starts from 1350 during the reign of the first Guelowar king of Sine -
4400: 4276: 4174: 3887: 3502: 3454: 3366: 3237: 2822: 2569: 2221: 1910: 1608: 1334: 1314: 1270: 1245: 1117: 911: 730: 677: 542: 519: 500: 323: 315: 232: 142: 74: 70: 3230: 3447: 3086:(Babacar SĂ©dikh Diouf) Ngom, Biram "La question Gelwaar et l’histoire du Siin", Dakar, 2215: 2161:
Statesman, author, historian, politician, trade unionist, nationalist, broadcaster, etc.
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of his herd which he considered unjust. As such, he decided to head south and founded
4897: 4846: 4391: 4286: 4281: 4184: 4149: 2235: 2171:
The Diouf brothers (Les frĂšres Diouf), music band from Senegal. The band consists of
1989:
Pape Abdou Karim Diouf, brother of Élage Diouf and member of the Diouf Brothers band.
1929: 1673: 1577:
Moustapha Diouf, a Senegalese sociologist and professor at the University of Vermont
1436: 390: 3251: 1981: 4872: 4744: 4674: 4603: 4361: 4144: 3902: 3897: 3877: 3858: 3629:
Achieving Sustainable Development: the challenge of governance across social scales
3596: 3038:"Le professeur Arona NdoffÚne Diouf candidat aux élections présidentielles de 2012" 2563: 2354: 2316: 2121: 1998: 1921: 1805: 1629: 1600: 1440: 1318: 1167: 873:
The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof was fighting for the succession of his young son
818: 726: 546: 467: 447: 431: 374: 335: 311: 252: 178: 20: 3743:
Leaders of Senegambia Region, Reactions To European Infiltration 19th-20th Century
1611:(1875–1941), Senegalese politician of the colonial era and parliamentarian of the 3570: 3329: 1691: 1665: 1324:
Maad a Sinig Boukar Tjilas Sanghaie Joof, king of Sine (reigned 1724–35), son of
4882: 4664: 4659: 4598: 4568: 4510: 4097: 3544: 2488: 2257: 2067: 2043: 1992: 1945: 1860:(not be confused with the other El Hadji Diouf), also a professional footballer. 1753: 1617: 1592: 1485: 1391: 424: 186: 4759: 4112: 4092: 3892: 3492: 2602:, Presses du Centre d'Etudes médiévales Université de Picardie (1992), p. 59, 2183: 2004: 1870: 1864: 1834: 1710: 709: 331: 248: 236: 100: 4689: 1162:(saints and ancestral spirits) came from this family. Though associated with 4867: 4857: 1888: 1745: 1646: 1166:, this family's involvement in Serer religious affairs are found within the 1012: 788: 386: 1789: 3191: 3108: 2467:
Senegalia: Ă©tudes sur le patrimoine ouest-africain: hommage Ă  Guy Thilmans
1443:(wife of Bour ba Jolof Bakan Tam Boury Nabou Njie, king of Jolof, 1768–69) 815:
Dynastic war between the Damel of Cayor (king of Cayor) and Teigne of Baol
4515: 4164: 4122: 4024: 3989: 3805:, Tome 41, SĂ©rie B, n° 1, janvier 1979, pp. 133–89 (pp. 15–34) 1555: 1199: 1149: 1113: 961: 955: 689: 483: 420: 411: 287: 54: 3645:. Volume 23 of African historical dictionaries. Scarecrow Press (1981). 4841: 4583: 4067: 3974: 3964: 3814: 3555: 2834: 1940: 1851: 1704: 1596: 1159: 1133: 915: 864: 721: 554: 435: 327: 244: 90: 40: 3571:
Gambia: Treason Trial Draws to an End As Lie Joof, Rambo Enter Defence
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Introduction, bibliographie et notes par Charles Becker. 1986-87, p 19
1560:
Marcel Mahawa Diouf, a Senegalese historian, theologian and author on
1280:
Lamane Jegan Joof, founder of Tukar in the medieval era (11th century)
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1969 (last kings of Sine and Saloum), 2004 last known Lamane of Tukar
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Pa'Malick Joof (born 1985), Gambian footballer and former player of
1237: 1112:
of Baol) │ (1) │ (daughter of Sine o Mev Manneh (
290:, the symbol of grace, royalty, wisdom, hard work and protection in 4563: 4356: 4351: 4117: 3495:"Lancement - Les FrĂšres Diouf - DUND, Mercredi le 5 novembre 2003" 3301:(Managing Editor of The Nation Newspaper and Secretary General of 2958: 2956: 2066:
Cheikh Diouf, professional artist. His work is primarily based on
1939: 1788: 1587: 1527: 1488:
founded by the Joof family during the Guelowar period. Founded by
1468: 1464: 1453: 1236: 1215: 1183: 1141: 939:(This was not an open battle but a surprise attack, also known as 806: 714: 538: 487: 456: 402: 343: 339: 275: 57:, symbolizing grace, royalty, wisdom, hard work and protection in 46: 3514: 3512: 3510: 3421:
2, n° 266, supplément au Monde n° 19954, 21 mars 2009, pp. 46-49.
1682:
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
4593: 4588: 4159: 4102: 4039: 4029: 4004: 3817:", vol. 2, Les Nouvelles Editions Africaines du Senegal (1990). 3051:
FiscalitĂ© et Domination Coloniale: l'exemple du Sine: 1859–1940.
2815:, Tome 41, Série B, n° 1, janvier 1979, pp. 133-89 (pp. 15-34). 1766:(born 1960), Gambian barrister, attorney general and politician. 1498:, the second royal house founded by the Joof family. Founded by 1407:
Maad Saloum Semou N'Gouye Joof, king of Saloum (reigned 1911–13)
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Maad a Sinig Ama Kumba Mbodj and his younger brother Barka Mbodj
767: 673: 382: 347: 295: 4693: 3831: 3827: 3102:
List of ministers on the official site of Ministers of Senegal
2617: 2615: 1867:
player and a member of the Senegalese national basketball team.
1638:, Senegalese politician who held several cabinet posts. Former 1413:
Maad Saloum Mahawa Choro Joof, king of Saloum (reigned 1919–35)
1404:
Maad Saloum Ndeneh Jogop Joof, king of Saloum (reigned 1901–11)
1296:
Jinaax Jalaan Joof (or Teeñ Jinaax Jalaan Juuf), King of Baol (
3685:
African Sacred Groves: ecological dynamics & social change
3105:"SENEGAL - MinistÚre de la Santé et de la Prévention Médicale" 2962:
Diouf, "Chronique du royaume du Sine", pp. 14-18 (pp. 722-30).
2928:
Diouf, "Chronique du royaume du Sine", pp. 772-74 (pp. 47-49).
2039: 1887:(born 1987), Senegalese footballer who plays for Turkish side 1355:
Maad a Sinig Jaligui Sira Joof, king of Sine (reigned 1885–86)
398: 310:(in Serer). Members of this family had ruled over many of the 3022:
Journal of Integer Sequences, Vol. 15 (2012), Article 12.3.2.
3759:. Third Edition. The Gambia: Sunrise Publishers Ltd (2003). 2600:
Van den vos Reynaerde: mittelniederlÀndisch - neuhochdeutsch
1837:, Senegalese footballer and elder brother of El Hadji Diouf. 1352:
Maad a Sinig Amadi Baro Joof, king of Sine (reigned 1882–84)
537:
Maysa Wali and his family (the maternal clan Guelowar) fled
2598:
Buschinger, Danielle (ed & trans: Kloos, Jan Willem),
1358:
Maad a Sinig Niokhobai Joof, king of Sine (reigned 1886–87)
1349:
Maad a Sinig Semou Mak Joof, king of Sine (reigned 1878–82)
2001:, dancer, choreographer, radio personality and businessman 1948:, a renowned actor who had worked with personalities like 1645:
George St. Clair Joof (1907–1955), Gambian politician and
1226:
is carried by several personalities, some of which include
373:
The Joof family is one of the old families of Senegambia.
3417:
Alain Mercier, "Pape Diouf redonne des couleurs Ă  l'OM",
2904:
Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847 - 1914
2503: 2501: 2499: 2382: 2380: 1252:. Portrait by David Boilat taken in 1850 when he visited 712:
involving the kings or princes belonging to this family:
3757:
Ethnic Groups of The Senegambia Region, A Brief History
3678:
Islam and Imperialism in Senegal Sine-Saloum, 1847-1914
3359:"Human Nephron Number, Hypertension and Kidney Disease" 3297:: "Champion of free speech (Tribute)", 7 June 1993, by 1654:(1913–1982), Gambian politician and the first woman in 1410:
Maat Saloum Gori Joof, king of Saloum (reigned 1913–19)
1206:
Personalities with the surname Joof, Diouf, Juuf or Juf
2837:", Dakar: Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1990, p. 35. 2046:(in its narrowest definition) who share this surname: 2332:, Dakar: Nouvelles Editions africaines, 1981, 110 pp. 1926:(born 1994), German basketball player and journalist. 518:
and ends in 1969 after the death of the last king of
3131:
Présidents et ministres de la République du Sénégal,
2869:
Galvan, Dennis Charles, pp. 108-111, 122, 202, 304,
1574:, a Senegalese historian and author on Serer history 4819: 4727: 4646: 4549: 4499: 4459: 4389: 4380: 4314: 4260: 4227: 4218: 4135: 4076: 4048: 4013: 3925: 3916: 3866: 3617:. Berkeley: University of California Press (2004). 2833:Gravrand, Henry, "La civilisation sereer, vol. II: 1467:(equivalent of Prime Minister) by his first cousin 1015:showing the descendants of Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof. 202: 194: 168: 134: 111: 66: 33: 3803:Bulletin de l’Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire 3794:Introduit et commentĂ© par C. Becker et V. Martin, 3657:Bulletin de L'Institut Fondamental D'Afrique Noire 3610:(1966); Dakar: Nouvelles Editions africaines, 1981 3266:Republique du Senegal, "Liste des candidats admis. 3204:Les regroupements politiques au SĂ©nĂ©gal, 1956-1970 3008:Introduit et commentĂ© par C. Becker et V. Martin, 2813:Bulletin de l’Institut Fondamental d'Afrique Noire 2437:Bulletin de l'Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire 3434:Article L'Equipe: Diouf et la France qui "exclut" 3206:, Dakar: CODESRIA; Paris: Karthala, 1992, p. 19 ( 2706: 2704: 2674: 2672: 2653: 2651: 2551: 2549: 2547: 2545: 2543: 2541: 2398: 2396: 2175:(El Hadji Fall Diouf) and Pape Abdou Karim Diouf. 1877:, born 1951), former journalist and president of 708:This table lists some of the historic battles of 455:paternal dynasty succeeded them, hence the first 3582:Freedom Newspaper (also an online Radio Station) 3485: 3483: 3481: 2796:Gravrand, "Pangool", pp. 332-3, 338, 342-3, 349. 1182:who is associated with the cult of Tagdiam; and 805:Maad a Sinig Amakodou Samba Joof (assisting the 2312: 2310: 2308: 2306: 2291:L'Ă©galitarisme Ă©conomique des Serer du SĂ©nĂ©gal. 2042:is very broad. This section list the names of 1722:, minister in the Senegal government until 2022 1642:, Minister of Public Health and Social Affairs. 1522:IsmaĂŻla Diouf, professor of mathematics at the 3778:L'Ă©galitarisme Ă©conomique des Serer du SĂ©nĂ©gal 2689:L'Ă©galitarisme Ă©conomique des Serer du SĂ©nĂ©gal 2638:, Nouvelles Ă©ditions africaines, 1983, p. 56. 2507:Sheridan, Michael J., & Nyamweru|, Celia, 1170:of Serer religion and traditions. Some of the 4705: 3843: 3745:. The Gambia: Sunrise Publishers Ltd (1995). 2594: 2592: 2590: 8: 3709:"l'epopee de Sanmoon Fay. "La famille Juuf." 3683:Sheridan, Michael J. & Nyamweru, Celia. 3164:A Political History of The Gambia, 1816-1994 2007:, actress and director (of Gambian descent). 3627:Bressers, Hans & Rosenbaum, Walter A. 2448:Sarr, "Histoire du Sine-Saloum (SĂ©nĂ©gal)", 2280:Nouvelles Éditions africaines, 1983, p. 74. 821:Amakodou Samba Joof and the Damel of Cayor 474:Ama Kodu Joof, is a member of this family. 4712: 4698: 4690: 4650: 4386: 4224: 3922: 3850: 3836: 3828: 2906:, Edinburgh University Press, 1968, p. XV. 2535:, UniversitĂ© de Dakar, Dakar, 1987, p. 69. 1944:Pierre Moustapha Diouf, commonly known as 1907:(born 1984), Senegalese basketball player. 1377:of Tukar, last Lamane of Tukar as of 2004. 855:Damel-Teigne Lat Soukabe Ngoneh Jaay Fall 3773:, Series B, Vol. 26, no. 3/4 (1941, 1964) 3703:La question Gelwaar et l’histoire du Siin 2533:La question Gelwaar et l’histoire du Siin 2493:Edinburgh University Press (1968). p. XV. 1827:, winner of many trophies as well as the 1656:the House of Representatives (the Gambia) 1536:, Senegalese historian, professor at the 849:Damel-Teigne Lat Soukabe Ngoneh Jaay Fall 557:as follows (in the order of foundation): 4780:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof 4426:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof 2558:« L'Ă©popĂ©e de Sanmoon Fay Â», 1542:Arona N'doffĂšne Diouf, professor at the 1362:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof 1198:which takes place once a year after the 736: 698:"The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof" 493:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Fa Ndeb Joof 419:custom, a rather strict custom of Serer 393:who was also a farmer. He migrated from 377:oral tradition speaks of a noble called 4770:Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof 4441:Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof 3725:. Nouvelles Éditions africaines, 1983. 3283:, Bowden, Hudson & Co., 1983, p. 7. 3231:GOUVERNEMENTS DU SENEGAL DE 1957 Ă  2007 3166:, University of Rochester Press, 2006. 2289:Gastellu, Jean-Marc (M. Sambe - 1937). 2269: 1913:(born 1993), Italian volleyball player. 1850:, Senegalese footballer who played for 1829:2002 BBC African Footballer of the Year 1331:Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof 1242:Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof 1000:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 875:Maad a Sinig Ama Joof Gnilane Faye Joof 863:The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof (The 760:Maad Patar Kholleh Joof (The Conqueror) 4775:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 4531:The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof 4436:Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali Jaxateh Manneh 4421:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 4416:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 3798:, Tome 36, SĂ©rie B, n° 1, janvier 1974 3655:Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire. 3184:Gambian Women: an introductory history 3012:, Tome 36, SĂ©rie B, n° 1, janvier 1974 2804: 2802: 2435:Institut fondamental d'Afrique noire. 1858:El Hadji Diouf (footballer, born 1988) 1776:Professor Boucar Diouf, member of the 1482:The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof 1397:Maad Saloum Semou Jimit Joof, king of 1344:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 1154:The Joof family figure prominently in 997:Religion, vendetta and empire building 991:Damel-Teigne Lat Jor Ngoneh Latir Jobe 985:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 967:Religion, vendetta and empire building 956:Damel-Teigne Lat Jor Ngoneh Latir Jobe 946:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 907:Maad a Sinig Kumba Ndoffene Famak Joof 704:Historic battles involving this family 586:The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof 497:The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof 334:. Some of these included the kings of 314:kingdoms of Senegambia, including the 209:The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof 30: 3631:. Greenwood Publishing Group (2003). 3162:Hughes, Arnold & Perfect, David: 3142:Hughes, Arnold & Perfect, David: 3064: 3062: 2792: 2790: 2788: 1283:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof, king of Laa ( 1056:Descendants of Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 16:Serer clan of Senegambia, West Africa 7: 4541:The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof 3129:Ndiaye, Babacar & Ndiaye, Waly, 2439:, Volume 38. IFAN, 1976, pp 557-504. 2419:, Scarecrow Press, 1981, pp. 52-71. 2404:The State Must Be Our Master of Fire 2372:The State Must Be Our Master of Fire 2343:The State Must Be Our Master of Fire 1620:(born 1935), Senegalese politician, 1506:The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof 1250:The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof 618:The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof 219:The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof 3705:. Dakar, UniversitĂ© de Dakar (1987) 3680:. Edinburgh University Press (1968) 3662:Thilmans, Guy, Descamps, Cyr & 3144:Historical Dictionary of The Gambia 2691:, IRD Éditions, 1981, pp. 281-282. 2562:, no. 54, vol. 7, 2e semestre 1991 2461:Thilmans, Guy; Descamps, Cyr & 1778:International Society of Nephrology 1435:Lingeer Penda Kumba Ngouille Joof, 896:The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof 3723:Mort et naissance: le monde Sereer 3281:Kime's International Law Directory 3186:, the Gambia: Fulladu Publishers. 1419:, king of Saloum (reigned 1935–69) 1373:Lamane Diaga Dibor Ndofene Diouf, 1364:, king of Sine (reigned 1898–1924) 976:The Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune 879:The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof 466:The 11th-century legendary figure 156:Lamane Njaga Dibor Ndoffene Joof ( 14: 4536:The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof 3697:Ngom, Biram (comprising notes of 2487:Islam and Imperialism in Senegal 2388:Achieving Sustainable Development 2359:Histoire du Sine-Saloum (SĂ©nĂ©gal) 1973:Boucar Diouf, Senegalese humorist 1496:The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof 887:The Sandigue Ndiob Niokhobai Joof 838:Maad a Sinig Amakodou Samba Joof 604:The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof 251:) is a surname that is typically 214:The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof 3643:Historical Dictionary of Senegal 3520:"Bibliography by Salsa Montreal" 2417:Historical Dictionary of Senegal 2242: 2228: 2214: 2200: 2186: 1741:(1933–1993) (Alhaji B.M. Joof), 1370:, king of Sine (reigned 1924–69) 1346:, king of Sine (reigned 1853–71) 1260:in 1853, the year the king died. 829:Maad a Sinig Amakodou Samba Joof 660:They all trace their descent to 158:Lamane Diaga Dibor Ndofene Diouf 39: 3718:, Tome 34, SĂ©rie B, n° 4 (1972) 3472:"Live Comedy with Boucar Diouf" 2948:Traditions villageoises du Siin 846:Maad a Sinig Jogoy Gnilane Joof 797:Maad a Sinig Jogo Gnilane Joof 4195:Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune 4190:States headed by Serer Lamanes 2871:University of California Press 2511:, James Currey, 2008, p. 141. 1500:Maad a Sinig Jogo Gnilane Joof 1476:Royal houses (Guelowar period) 784:Maad a Sinig Jogo Gnilane Joof 1: 4801:Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof 3792:Recueil sur la Vie des Damel. 3294:The Nation Newspaper (Gambia) 3006:Recueil sur la Vie des Damel. 2155:Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof 1800:. Pictured after winning the 1758:Alhaji Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof 1417:Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof 1248:). Reigned c. 1825–53). From 532:Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof 504: 255:. This surname is also spelt 148:Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof 119: 4486:Lingeer Selbeh Ndoffene Joof 4403:(ancient kings / landowners) 3813:, "La Civilisation Sereer - 2623:Chronique du royaume du Sine 2582:Chronique du royaume du Sine 2293:IRD Editions, 1981, p. 130. 1863:Mamadou Diouf, professional 1554:Cheikh Diouf, historian and 1544:University of North Carolina 937:The Surprise of Mbin o Ngor 551:The Great Council of Lamanes 430:In the early history of the 406:them part of his estate and 3227:UniversitĂ© Cheikh Anta Diop 3054:UniversitĂ© Cheikh Anta Diop 2469:, SĂ©pia, 2006, pp. 220-21. 1813:Robert Diouf, professional 1640:Foreign Minister of Senegal 1622:second president of Senegal 1524:UniversitĂ© Cheikh Anta Diop 4950: 4721:Joof, Juuf or Diouf family 4462:Queens & Queen Mothers 2386:Bressers & Rosenbaum, 1715:The Pan-African Parliament 1613:French Chamber of Deputies 1595:. The second president of 1490:Jaraff Boureh Gnilane Joof 1459:Manguinak Joof, appointed 1451: 1427: 1385: 1312: 1268: 1127: 802:The Battle of MbellondiarĂ© 481: 366: 358:History of the Joof family 98:(former colony of Saloum) 53:of the Joof family is the 18: 4842:Lat Dior NgonĂ© Latyr Diop 4785:Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof 4653: 4431:Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof 4205:Timeline of Serer history 3146:, Scarecrow Press, 2008. 2993:Le Djoloff et ses Bourba, 2112:Abdoulie Joof, a Gambian 2013:, musician and songwriter 1698:National Democratic Rally 1599:and Secretary General of 1368:Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof 1256:. Catalogued in his work 994:and their Marabout armies 528:Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof 139:Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof 38: 25:Timeline of Serer history 4849:(Anta Madjiguene Ndiaye) 3940:Classical Ndut teachings 3790:Fall, Tanor LatsoukabĂ©, 3755:Sonko Godwin, Patience. 3641:Phillips, Lucie Colvin. 3613:Galvan, Dennis Charles. 3608:Le Djoloff et ses Bourba 3326:The Independent (Gambia) 3299:William Ojo Dixon Colley 3004:Fall, Tanor LatsoukabĂ©, 2415:Phillips, Lucie Colvin, 2341:Galvan, Dennis Charles, 2330:Le Djoloff et ses Bourba 1897:(born 1976), Senegalese 1823:(born 1981), Senegalese 1676:, Senegalese politician 1192:Serer religious calendar 1124:Status in Serer religion 776:Maad Patar Kholleh Joof 326:. The royal princesses ( 3687:. James Currey (2008). 3659:, Volume 38. IFAN, 1976 3601:Histoire du Sine-Saloum 3453:13 October 2008 at the 3330:Attorney General Sacked 3315:Gambia State House (CV) 2919:Bertrand, 1853, p. 145. 2917:Esquisses sĂ©nĂ©galaises, 2120:to overthrow president 2070:, winner of many awards 1936:Music and entertainment 1652:Lucretia St. Clair Joof 902:The Battle of LogandĂšme 870:Maad a Sinig Njaak Faye 666:Bour Ndaah NdiĂ©mĂ© Diouf 516:Maad a Sinig Maysa Wali 4934:African royal families 4806:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 4790:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 4735:Alieu Ebrima Cham Joof 4451:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 4446:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 3780:. IRD Editions, 1981. 3739:Sonko Godwin, Patience 3545:Bibliography in Dapper 3303:the Gambia Press Union 3279:Kime, Philip Graburn, 1953: 1879:Olympique de Marseille 1809: 1750:the Gambia Press Union 1604: 1551:, historian and author 1538:University of Michigan 1510:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 1326:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 1261: 1258:Esquisses sĂ©nĂ©galaises 1180:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 1146:Maad Semou Njekeh Joof 1098:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 884:The Battle of Tioupane 860:The Battle of NdoffĂšne 826:The Battle of Sanghaie 757:The Battle of Nganiane 734: 662:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 511: 128:Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof 4526:Joos Maternal Dynasty 3776:Gastellu, Jean-Marc. 3606:Ndiaye Leyti, Oumar, 3470:Harbourfront Centre: 3396:U-23 to Camp in Tunis 3365:12 April 2011 at the 2991:Ndiaye Leyti, Oumar, 2687:Gastellu, Jean-Marc, 2509:African Sacred Groves 2328:Ndiaye Leyti, Oumar, 2091:Business and commerce 1943: 1792: 1636:Coumba NdoffĂšne Diouf 1591: 1240: 843:The Battle of Gagnane 781:The Battle of Diakhao 749:Reason for the battle 718: 549:noble Council called 491: 367:Further information: 4924:Senegambian families 4795:Maad Patar Xole Joof 4491:Serer maternal clans 3699:Babacar SĂ©dikh Diouf 3236:26 June 2013 at the 3133:Dakar, 2006 (2e Ă©d.) 2821:3 March 2016 at the 2529:Babacar SĂ©dikh Diouf 2406:(2004), pp. 109-111. 1817:and former champion. 1739:Alhaji Bai Modi Joof 1720:Abdoulaye Diouf Sarr 1572:Babacar SĂ©dikh Diouf 1512:in the 18th century. 1492:in the 14th century. 1439:and queen mother of 1158:. Many of the Serer 914:(French governor of 294:. The name of their 243:(French spelling in 4914:Senegalese families 4878:Pap Cheyassin Secka 4797:(or Maad Xole Juuf) 4481:Lingeer NgonĂ© DiĂšye 4476:Lingeer Ndoye Demba 4200:Battle of LogandĂšme 4165:Kingdom of Biffeche 3721:Faye, Louis DiĂšne. 3501:3 June 2011 at the 3356:Monash university: 3088:UniversitĂ© de Dakar 2950:(2014), pp. 191–192 2937:Galvan, pp. 80-111. 2634:Faye, Louis DiĂšne, 2580:Diouf, Niokhobaye, 2568:29 May 2018 at the 2560:Éthiopiques (revue) 2276:Faye, Louis DiĂšne. 1815:Senegalese wrestler 1802:Scottish League Cup 1748:, legal adviser to 1401:(reigned 1898–1924) 926:Resistance against 922:Émile Pinet-Laprade 787:Mamadou Koungo (of 478:The Guelowar period 381:, owner of a large 123: 11th century 4471:Lingeer Fatim Beye 3771:Bulletin de l'IFAN 3716:Bulletin de l'Ifan 3407:Eurosports Profile 3392:The Point (Gambia) 3111:on 4 February 2008 2773:Diouf, pp. 727-29. 2755:Diouf, pp. 726-27. 2710:Diouf, pp. 724-25. 2678:Diouf, pp. 721-23. 2666:Diouf, pp. 714-15. 2657:Diouf, pp. 712-13. 2345:(2004), pp. 2-281. 2038:The definition of 1995:(born 1964), actor 1954: 1899:400 metres hurdler 1810: 1605: 1262: 1202:is held in Tukar. 1172:sacred Serer sites 980:The Battle of Somb 928:French colonialism 743:Member of the clan 740:Name of the battle 735: 598:Keur BourĂ© Gnilane 512: 470:or Ama GĂŽdĂŽ Maat, 363:The Wagadou period 4891: 4890: 4853:Marie Samuel Njie 4765:Lamane Jegan Joof 4687: 4686: 4683: 4682: 4670:Toucouleur people 4642: 4641: 4411:Lamane Jegan Joof 4310: 4309: 4170:kingdom of Saloum 4131: 4130: 4108:Point of Sangomar 3765:978-9983-86-000-9 3676:Klein, Martin A. 3664:Camara, Abdoulaye 3623:978-0-520-23591-5 3569:All Africa News: 3448:"L’énigme Diouf!" 3182:Ceesay, Hassoum, 2995:Dakar: NEA, 1981. 2902:Klein, Martin A, 2782:Klein, pp. 90-93. 2746:Klein, pp. 55-59. 2636:Mort et naissance 2485:Klein, Martin A. 2278:Mort et naissance 2250:Mauritania portal 1905:Mame Diodio Diouf 1764:Joseph Henry Joof 1626:Secretary-General 1564:, traditions and 1388:Kingdom of Saloum 1382:Kingdom of Saloum 1337:(reigned 1825–53) 1302:Lamane Jegan Joof 1188:Lamane Jegan Joof 1138:Lamane Jegan Joof 1004: 1003: 941:Mbeetan Keur Ngor 670:Ndaah Njeeme Juuf 594:Mbind Bure Nilaan 379:Lamane Jegan Joof 320:Kingdom of Saloum 226: 225: 116:Lamane Jegan Joof 79:Kingdom of Saloum 4941: 4919:Gambian families 4714: 4707: 4700: 4691: 4651: 4387: 4225: 4180:Serer prehistory 3923: 3852: 3845: 3838: 3829: 3584: 3579: 3573: 3567: 3561: 3553: 3547: 3542: 3536: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3526:on 25 March 2012 3522:. 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Professional 1787: 1773: 1729: 1689: 1663: 1609:Ngalandou Diouf 1586: 1519: 1478: 1456: 1450: 1432: 1426: 1394: 1384: 1321: 1315:Kingdom of Sine 1311: 1309:Kingdom of Sine 1300:). Relative of 1277: 1271:Kingdom of Baol 1267: 1265:Kingdom of Baol 1235: 1208: 1178:, residence of 1152: 1128:Main articles: 1126: 1121: 1009: 993: 992: 990: 989: 978:(also known as 959: 958: 954: 953: 950:Maba Diakhou BĂą 938: 920: 919: 912:Louis Faidherbe 852:Empire building 835:Empire building 773:Empire building 706: 664:(also known as 612:Keur Diogo Siga 608:Mbind Jogo Siga 543:Kingdom of Sine 534:respectively). 507: 486: 480: 371: 365: 360: 352:Serer religious 324:Kingdom of Baol 316:Kingdom of Sine 292:Serer mythology 189: 185: 181: 177: 175: 164:of Tukar (2004) 155: 146: 126: 122: 103:(previously as 99: 94: 89: 81: 77: 75:Kingdom of Sine 73: 71:Kingdom of Baol 62: 59:Serer mythology 27: 17: 12: 11: 5: 4947: 4945: 4937: 4936: 4931: 4929:Serer families 4926: 4921: 4916: 4911: 4906: 4896: 4895: 4889: 4888: 4886: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4844: 4839: 4832:Fatou Bensouda 4829: 4823: 4821: 4817: 4816: 4814: 4813: 4808: 4803: 4798: 4792: 4787: 4782: 4777: 4772: 4767: 4762: 4757: 4755:El Hadji Diouf 4752: 4751:Ama Kodu Joof) 4742: 4737: 4731: 4729: 4725: 4724: 4719: 4717: 4716: 4709: 4702: 4694: 4685: 4684: 4681: 4680: 4678: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4654: 4648: 4647:Related people 4644: 4643: 4640: 4639: 4637: 4636: 4631: 4626: 4621: 4616: 4611: 4606: 4601: 4596: 4591: 4586: 4581: 4576: 4571: 4566: 4560: 4558: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4543: 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4507: 4505: 4500: 4497: 4496: 4494: 4493: 4488: 4483: 4478: 4473: 4467: 4465: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4407: 4405: 4390: 4384: 4378: 4377: 4375: 4374: 4369: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4349: 4344: 4339: 4334: 4329: 4324: 4318: 4316: 4312: 4311: 4308: 4307: 4305: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4289: 4284: 4279: 4274: 4269: 4266: 4264: 4258: 4257: 4255: 4254: 4249: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4231: 4229: 4222: 4216: 4215: 4213: 4212: 4210:Western Sahara 4207: 4202: 4197: 4192: 4187: 4182: 4177: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4157: 4152: 4147: 4141: 4139: 4133: 4132: 4129: 4128: 4126: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4082: 4080: 4074: 4073: 4071: 4070: 4065: 4060: 4055: 4052: 4050: 4046: 4045: 4043: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4022: 4019: 4017: 4011: 4010: 4008: 4007: 4002: 3997: 3992: 3987: 3982: 3977: 3972: 3967: 3962: 3957: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3920: 3914: 3913: 3911: 3910: 3905: 3900: 3895: 3890: 3885: 3880: 3875: 3872: 3870: 3864: 3863: 3857: 3855: 3854: 3847: 3840: 3832: 3826: 3825: 3808: 3799: 3788: 3774: 3767: 3753: 3736: 3733: 3719: 3712: 3706: 3695: 3681: 3674: 3660: 3653: 3639: 3625: 3611: 3604: 3592: 3589: 3586: 3585: 3574: 3562: 3548: 3537: 3506: 3477: 3462: 3437: 3423: 3410: 3399: 3384: 3370: 3349: 3342:Oxford Journal 3333: 3318: 3307: 3285: 3272: 3255: 3241: 3216: 3195: 3175: 3155: 3135: 3122: 3092: 3090:(1987), p. 69. 3079: 3058: 3042: 3025: 3014: 2997: 2984: 2964: 2952: 2939: 2930: 2921: 2908: 2882: 2862: 2846: 2826: 2798: 2784: 2775: 2766: 2757: 2748: 2739: 2730: 2721: 2712: 2700: 2680: 2668: 2659: 2647: 2627: 2611: 2586: 2573: 2537: 2527:Ngom, Biram ( 2520: 2495: 2478: 2454: 2441: 2428: 2408: 2392: 2376: 2374:(2004), p. 80. 2363: 2347: 2334: 2321: 2302: 2282: 2268: 2267: 2265: 2262: 2261: 2260: 2254: 2253: 2239: 2225: 2211: 2208:history portal 2197: 2194:Senegal portal 2181: 2178: 2177: 2176: 2167: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2146: 2143: 2142: 2141: 2140: 2139: 2138: 2137: 2136: 2135: 2134: 2133: 2132: 2131: 2130: 2129: 2128: 2127: 2126: 2125: 2092: 2089: 2088: 2087: 2086: 2085: 2084: 2083: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2079: 2078: 2077: 2076: 2075: 2074: 2073: 2072: 2071: 2044:visual artists 2035: 2032: 2031: 2030: 2029: 2028: 2027: 2026: 2025: 2024: 2023: 2022: 2021: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2017: 2016: 2015: 2014: 2008: 2002: 1996: 1990: 1987: 1974: 1937: 1934: 1933: 1932: 1927: 1914: 1908: 1902: 1892: 1882: 1868: 1861: 1855: 1845: 1838: 1832: 1821:El Hadji Diouf 1818: 1794:El-Hadji Diouf 1786: 1783: 1782: 1781: 1772: 1769: 1768: 1767: 1761: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1723: 1717: 1708: 1701: 1684: 1671: 1658: 1649: 1643: 1633: 1615: 1585: 1582: 1581: 1580: 1575: 1569: 1562:Serer religion 1558: 1552: 1549:Sylviane Diouf 1546: 1540: 1531: 1518: 1517:Academic world 1515: 1514: 1513: 1503: 1493: 1477: 1474: 1473: 1472: 1449: 1446: 1445: 1444: 1425: 1422: 1421: 1420: 1414: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1402: 1383: 1380: 1379: 1378: 1371: 1365: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1347: 1341: 1338: 1328: 1310: 1307: 1306: 1305: 1291: 1288: 1281: 1266: 1263: 1234: 1231: 1207: 1204: 1156:Serer religion 1130:Serer religion 1125: 1122: 1096: 1095: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1088: 1087: 1086: 1085: 1084: 1083: 1082: 1081: 1080: 1079: 1078: 1077: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1070: 1069: 1068: 1067: 1066: 1065: 1064: 1063: 1062: 1061: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1008: 1005: 1002: 1001: 998: 995: 986: 983: 972: 971: 968: 965: 947: 944: 934: 933: 930: 924: 909: 904: 898: 897: 894: 891: 888: 885: 881: 880: 877: 871: 868: 861: 857: 856: 853: 850: 847: 844: 840: 839: 836: 833: 832:Teigne of Baol 830: 827: 823: 822: 816: 813: 812:Teigne of Baol 810: 803: 799: 798: 795: 792: 785: 782: 778: 777: 774: 771: 770:(King of Baol) 761: 758: 754: 753: 750: 747: 744: 741: 733:(19th century) 705: 702: 694:Prime Minister 658: 657: 656: 655: 654: 653: 652: 651: 650: 649: 648: 647: 646: 645: 644: 643: 642: 641: 640: 639: 638: 637: 636: 635: 634: 633: 622:Mbind Sem-Jike 615: 601: 482:Main article: 479: 476: 444:Serer language 364: 361: 359: 356: 265:Serer language 224: 223: 222: 221: 216: 211: 204: 203:Cadet branches 200: 199: 196: 192: 191: 170: 166: 165: 136: 132: 131: 113: 109: 108: 93:(present-day) 87:Serers lineage 68: 64: 63: 44: 36: 35: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 4946: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4925: 4922: 4920: 4917: 4915: 4912: 4910: 4909:Serer royalty 4907: 4905: 4902: 4901: 4899: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4847:Anna Kingsley 4845: 4843: 4840: 4837: 4833: 4830: 4828: 4825: 4824: 4822: 4818: 4812: 4809: 4807: 4804: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4793: 4791: 4788: 4786: 4783: 4781: 4778: 4776: 4773: 4771: 4768: 4766: 4763: 4761: 4758: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4746: 4743: 4741: 4740:Bai Modi Joof 4738: 4736: 4733: 4732: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4715: 4710: 4708: 4703: 4701: 4696: 4695: 4692: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4655: 4652: 4649: 4645: 4635: 4632: 4630: 4627: 4625: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4615: 4612: 4610: 4607: 4605: 4602: 4600: 4597: 4595: 4592: 4590: 4587: 4585: 4582: 4580: 4577: 4575: 4572: 4570: 4567: 4565: 4562: 4561: 4559: 4553: 4548: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4508: 4506: 4501:Dynasties and 4498: 4492: 4489: 4487: 4484: 4482: 4479: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4463: 4458: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4408: 4406: 4402: 4397: 4393: 4388: 4385: 4383: 4379: 4373: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4363: 4360: 4358: 4355: 4353: 4350: 4348: 4345: 4343: 4340: 4338: 4335: 4333: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4323: 4320: 4319: 4317: 4313: 4303: 4300: 4298: 4295: 4293: 4290: 4288: 4285: 4283: 4280: 4278: 4275: 4273: 4270: 4268: 4267: 4265: 4263: 4259: 4253: 4252:Serer country 4250: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4232: 4230: 4226: 4223: 4221: 4217: 4211: 4208: 4206: 4203: 4201: 4198: 4196: 4193: 4191: 4188: 4186: 4185:Serer history 4183: 4181: 4178: 4176: 4173: 4171: 4168: 4166: 4163: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4151: 4150:Cekeen Tumuli 4148: 4146: 4143: 4142: 4140: 4138: 4134: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4083: 4081: 4079: 4075: 4069: 4066: 4064: 4061: 4059: 4056: 4054: 4053: 4051: 4049:Other deities 4047: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4020: 4018: 4016: 4012: 4006: 4003: 4001: 3998: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3988: 3986: 3983: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3973: 3971: 3968: 3966: 3963: 3961: 3958: 3956: 3953: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3945:Creation myth 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3930: 3928: 3924: 3921: 3919: 3915: 3909: 3906: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3896: 3894: 3891: 3889: 3886: 3884: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3871: 3869: 3865: 3860: 3853: 3848: 3846: 3841: 3839: 3834: 3833: 3830: 3824: 3823:2-7236-1055-1 3820: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3807: 3804: 3800: 3797: 3793: 3789: 3787: 3786:2-7099-0591-4 3783: 3779: 3775: 3772: 3768: 3766: 3762: 3758: 3754: 3752: 3751:9983-86-002-3 3748: 3744: 3740: 3737: 3734: 3732: 3731:2-7236-0868-9 3728: 3724: 3720: 3717: 3713: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3700: 3696: 3694: 3693:0-8214-1789-4 3690: 3686: 3682: 3679: 3675: 3673: 3672:2-84280-122-9 3669: 3665: 3661: 3658: 3654: 3652: 3651:0-8108-1369-6 3648: 3644: 3640: 3638: 3637:0-275-97802-8 3634: 3630: 3626: 3624: 3620: 3616: 3612: 3609: 3605: 3602: 3598: 3597:Sarr, Alioune 3595: 3594: 3590: 3583: 3578: 3575: 3572: 3566: 3563: 3560: 3557: 3552: 3549: 3546: 3541: 3538: 3525: 3521: 3515: 3513: 3511: 3507: 3504: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3486: 3484: 3482: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3466: 3463: 3459: 3458:OM ActualitĂ©s 3456: 3452: 3449: 3441: 3438: 3435: 3427: 3424: 3420: 3414: 3411: 3408: 3403: 3400: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3385: 3382: 3374: 3371: 3368: 3364: 3361: 3360: 3353: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3337: 3334: 3331: 3327: 3322: 3319: 3316: 3311: 3308: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3295: 3289: 3286: 3282: 3276: 3273: 3270: 3269: 3259: 3256: 3253: 3245: 3242: 3239: 3235: 3232: 3228: 3220: 3217: 3213: 3212:2-86978-007-9 3209: 3205: 3199: 3196: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3179: 3176: 3173: 3172:1-58046-230-8 3169: 3165: 3159: 3156: 3153: 3152:0-8108-5825-8 3149: 3145: 3139: 3136: 3132: 3126: 3123: 3110: 3106: 3096: 3093: 3089: 3083: 3080: 3077: 3075: 3071: 3065: 3063: 3059: 3055: 3052: 3046: 3043: 3040: 3039: 3029: 3026: 3023: 3018: 3015: 3011: 3007: 3001: 2998: 2994: 2988: 2985: 2979: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2959: 2957: 2953: 2949: 2943: 2940: 2934: 2931: 2925: 2922: 2918: 2912: 2909: 2905: 2899: 2897: 2895: 2893: 2891: 2889: 2887: 2883: 2880: 2879:0-520-23591-6 2876: 2872: 2866: 2863: 2860: 2856: 2850: 2847: 2844: 2843:2-7236-1055-1 2840: 2836: 2830: 2827: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2805: 2803: 2799: 2793: 2791: 2789: 2785: 2779: 2776: 2770: 2767: 2764:Klein, p. 90. 2761: 2758: 2752: 2749: 2743: 2740: 2734: 2731: 2725: 2722: 2719:Klein, p. 46. 2716: 2713: 2707: 2705: 2701: 2698: 2697:2-7099-0591-4 2694: 2690: 2684: 2681: 2675: 2673: 2669: 2663: 2660: 2654: 2652: 2648: 2645: 2644:2-7236-0868-9 2641: 2637: 2631: 2628: 2625:, pp. 712-33. 2624: 2618: 2616: 2612: 2609: 2608:9782901121169 2605: 2601: 2595: 2593: 2591: 2587: 2584:, pp. 712-13. 2583: 2577: 2574: 2571: 2567: 2564: 2561: 2557: 2552: 2550: 2548: 2546: 2544: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2530: 2524: 2521: 2518: 2517:0-8214-1789-4 2514: 2510: 2504: 2502: 2500: 2496: 2492: 2490: 2482: 2479: 2476: 2475:2-84280-122-9 2472: 2468: 2464: 2458: 2455: 2451: 2445: 2442: 2438: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2425:0-8108-1369-6 2422: 2418: 2412: 2409: 2405: 2399: 2397: 2393: 2389: 2383: 2381: 2377: 2373: 2367: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2355:Sarr, Alioune 2351: 2348: 2344: 2338: 2335: 2331: 2325: 2322: 2318: 2317:Sarr, Alioune 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1833: 1830: 1826: 1822: 1819: 1816: 1812: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1795: 1791: 1784: 1779: 1775: 1774: 1770: 1765: 1762: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1744: 1740: 1737: 1736: 1735: 1734: 1726: 1721: 1718: 1716: 1712: 1709: 1706: 1702: 1699: 1693: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1679: 1675: 1674:Jacques Diouf 1672: 1667: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1641: 1637: 1634: 1631: 1627: 1623: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1610: 1607: 1606: 1602: 1598: 1594: 1590: 1583: 1579: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1563: 1559: 1557: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1545: 1541: 1539: 1535: 1534:Mamadou Diouf 1532: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1520: 1516: 1511: 1507: 1504: 1501: 1497: 1494: 1491: 1487: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1475: 1470: 1466: 1462: 1458: 1457: 1455: 1447: 1442: 1438: 1437:queen consort 1434: 1433: 1431: 1423: 1418: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1403: 1400: 1396: 1395: 1393: 1389: 1381: 1376: 1372: 1369: 1366: 1363: 1360: 1357: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1336: 1332: 1329: 1327: 1323: 1322: 1320: 1316: 1308: 1303: 1299: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1286: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1276: 1272: 1264: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1247: 1243: 1239: 1232: 1230: 1229: 1225: 1221: 1217: 1213: 1205: 1203: 1201: 1197: 1196:Raan festival 1193: 1189: 1186:, founded by 1185: 1181: 1177: 1173: 1169: 1165: 1164:Serer royalty 1161: 1157: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1131: 1123: 1119: 1115: 1111: 1107: 1103: 1099: 1057: 1054: 1053: 1052: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1047: 1046: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1042: 1041: 1040: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1036: 1035: 1034: 1033: 1032: 1031: 1030: 1029: 1028: 1027: 1026: 1025: 1024: 1023: 1022: 1021: 1020: 1019: 1018: 1017: 1016: 1014: 1006: 999: 996: 987: 984: 981: 977: 974: 973: 969: 966: 963: 957: 951: 948: 945: 942: 936: 935: 931: 929: 925: 923: 917: 913: 910: 908: 905: 903: 900: 899: 895: 892: 889: 886: 883: 882: 878: 876: 872: 869: 866: 862: 859: 858: 854: 851: 848: 845: 842: 841: 837: 834: 831: 828: 825: 824: 820: 817: 814: 811: 808: 804: 801: 800: 796: 793: 790: 786: 783: 780: 779: 775: 772: 769: 765: 762: 759: 756: 755: 751: 748: 745: 742: 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4745:Amar Godomat 4720: 4675:Wolof people 4604:Maad a Sinig 4573: 4556:royal titles 4520: 4503:royal houses 4395: 4277:Lehar/Laalaa 4220:Demographics 4145:Amar Godomat 4078:Sacred sites 3802: 3795: 3791: 3777: 3770: 3756: 3742: 3722: 3715: 3708: 3702: 3684: 3677: 3656: 3642: 3628: 3614: 3607: 3600: 3591:Bibliography 3577: 3565: 3551: 3540: 3528:. 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Retrieved 3109:the original 3095: 3082: 3050: 3045: 3037: 3036:Rewmi News. 3028: 3017: 3009: 3005: 3000: 2992: 2987: 2947: 2942: 2933: 2924: 2916: 2911: 2903: 2865: 2849: 2829: 2812: 2778: 2769: 2760: 2751: 2742: 2733: 2728:Diouf, p 726 2724: 2715: 2688: 2683: 2662: 2635: 2630: 2622: 2599: 2581: 2576: 2559: 2555: 2532: 2523: 2508: 2491:, 1847-1914, 2486: 2481: 2466: 2457: 2449: 2444: 2436: 2431: 2416: 2411: 2403: 2387: 2371: 2366: 2358: 2350: 2342: 2337: 2329: 2324: 2290: 2285: 2277: 2272: 2148: 2122:Yahya Jammeh 2037: 1999:Tamsier Joof 1875:Mababa Diouf 1874: 1732: 1730: 1713:, member of 1687:Madior Diouf 1661:Diaraf Diouf 1630:Francophonie 1601:Francophonie 1484:, the first 1460: 1319:Maad a Sinig 1257: 1227: 1223: 1219: 1210:The surname 1209: 1168:hermeneutics 1153: 1055: 1010: 979: 940: 819:Maad a Sinig 729:war drum of 720: 707: 697: 685: 681: 676:(or Laa) in 669: 665: 659: 629: 625: 621: 611: 607: 597: 593: 555:royal houses 536: 513: 471: 468:Amar Godomat 465: 448:patrilineage 439: 432:Ghana Empire 429: 372: 312:pre-colonial 307: 303: 302:variations: 299: 283: 273: 269: 260: 256: 240: 235:spelling in 228: 227: 179:Maad a Sinig 157: 28: 21:Serer people 4904:Joof family 4883:Laba Sosseh 4863:Dembo Konte 4665:Lebu people 4660:Jola people 4624:Sene family 4619:Sarr family 4614:Njie family 4609:Ngum family 4599:Maad Saloum 4574:Joof family 4569:Faye family 4521:Joof family 4511:Faye family 4337:Inheritance 4098:Sine-Saloum 4058:Kumba Njaay 4040:Roog (main) 3493:Quebe Pop. 3490:(in French) 3445:(in French) 3431:(in French) 3378:(in French) 3263:(in French) 3249:(in French) 3224:(in French) 3100:(in French) 3033:(in French) 2809:(in French) 2489:Sine-Saloum 2258:Faye family 2173:Élage Diouf 2118:coup d'etat 2068:African art 2034:Visual arts 1993:Mouss Diouf 1980: [ 1977:Élage Diouf 1946:Mouss Diouf 1920: [ 1881:(2005–2009) 1754:free speech 1690: [ 1664: [ 1624:and former 1618:Abdou Diouf 1593:Abdou Diouf 1486:royal house 1392:Maad Saloum 508: 1898 425:inheritance 342:, kings of 338:, kings of 284:Joof family 195:Dissolution 187:Maad Saloum 135:Final ruler 34:Joof family 4898:Categories 4760:Hella Joof 4242:Mauritania 4113:Tattaguine 4093:Sine River 3926:Key topics 3074:0821418793 2859:2709915049 2264:References 2005:Hella Joof 1871:Pape Diouf 1865:basketball 1835:Dame Diouf 1825:footballer 1798:footballer 1711:Ibra Diouf 1530:, SĂ©nĂ©gal) 1452:See also: 1428:See also: 1386:See also: 1333:, king of 1313:See also: 1287:; c. 1290) 1269:See also: 960:and their 710:Senegambia 499:, King of 332:Senegambia 304:"Njuufeen" 300:"Njoofene" 249:Mauritania 237:the Gambia 154:, 1935-69) 145:, 1924-69) 101:Mauritania 19:See also: 4868:Musa Ngum 4858:Bai Konte 4262:Languages 4228:By region 3995:Symbolism 3955:Festivals 3950:Criticism 3192:233607072 1889:Konyaspor 1873:(proper: 1746:barrister 1647:barrister 1244:(king of 1190:. In the 1100:(king of 1013:genealogy 1007:Genealogy 809:of Cayor) 789:Koungheul 624:, other: 610:, other: 596:, other: 387:livestock 354:affairs. 308:"Njufeen" 150:(King of 141:(King of 130:(c. 1290) 4552:Families 4516:Guelowar 4342:Marriage 4123:Yaboyabo 4025:Kokh Kox 3990:Saltigue 3980:Religion 3918:Religion 3888:Niominka 3499:Archived 3474:(Review) 3451:Archived 3419:Le Monde 3363:Archived 3234:Archived 2819:Archived 2566:Archived 2452:, p. 21. 2450:loc.cit. 2402:Galvan, 2370:Galvan, 2180:See also 1771:Medicine 1584:Politics 1556:essayist 1200:new moon 1150:Saltigue 1114:Guelowar 1011:A short 962:Marabout 794:Religion 746:Opponent 690:Guelowar 620:(Serer: 606:(Serer: 484:Guelowar 421:land law 412:Guelowar 328:Lingeers 322:and the 288:antelope 263:(in the 55:antelope 4584:Lingeer 4401:Lamanes 4382:Royalty 4315:Culture 4247:Senegal 4137:History 4068:Tiurakh 3975:Pangool 3965:Junjung 3960:Jaaniiw 3868:Peoples 3815:Pangool 3556:Foroyaa 3530:6 March 3115:6 March 2873:(2004) 2835:Pangool 2621:Diouf, 2159:Gambian 1852:FC Metz 1743:Gambian 1705:Senegal 1597:Senegal 1566:history 1461:Ber Jak 1298:Lambaye 1233:Royalty 1176:Tagdiam 1160:Pangool 1134:Pangool 932:France 916:Senegal 865:warlord 752:Victor 722:Junjung 510:to 1924 495:, from 461:Teignes 440:Bagadou 436:Wagadou 417:Lamanic 395:Lambaye 286:is the 282:of the 245:Senegal 233:English 112:Founder 105:Lamanes 91:Senegal 67:Country 4838:Nyang) 4634:Thilas 4629:Teigne 4579:Lamane 4347:Mbalax 4272:Cangin 4237:Gambia 4155:Khasso 4088:Fatick 4063:Takhar 3970:Lamane 3878:Laalaa 3861:topics 3821:  3784:  3763:  3749:  3729:  3691:  3670:  3649:  3635:  3621:  3210:  3190:  3170:  3150:  3072:  2877:  2857:  2841:  2695:  2642:  2606:  2515:  2473:  2423:  2297:  2114:tycoon 1831:award. 1785:Sports 1399:Saloum 1375:lamane 1294:Teigne 1275:Teigne 1194:, the 1148:, and 1110:Teigne 964:armies 764:Teigne 725:: the 524:Saloum 457:Damels 408:colony 391:estate 369:Lamane 318:, the 280:symbol 183:Teigne 173:Lamane 169:Titles 162:Lamane 152:Saloum 96:Gambia 83:Takrur 51:symbol 4728:Joofs 4564:Buumi 4398:) and 4392:Kings 4367:Tassu 4357:Sabar 4352:Njuup 4332:Death 4322:Birth 4302:Serer 4297:Safen 4292:Palor 4118:Tukar 4000:Women 3985:Sadax 3903:Saafi 3898:Palor 3859:Serer 3796:BIFAN 3268:p. 11 3010:BIFAN 2166:Other 1984:] 1924:] 1804:with 1694:] 1668:] 1528:Dakar 1469:Damel 1465:Cayor 1454:Cayor 1441:Jolof 1216:Diouf 1184:Tukar 1142:Tukar 807:Damel 727:Serer 590:Serer 547:Serer 545:by a 539:Kaabu 503:from 403:Tukar 375:Serer 348:heirs 344:Cayor 340:Waalo 336:Jolof 276:totem 253:Serer 241:Diouf 239:) or 176:Maad 85:(the 47:totem 4836:nĂ©e. 4594:Maad 4589:Loul 4396:Maad 4372:Njom 4362:Tama 4287:Noon 4282:Ndut 4103:Somb 4030:Koox 4005:Xooy 3935:Ciiɗ 3908:Seex 3893:Noon 3883:Ndut 3819:ISBN 3782:ISBN 3761:ISBN 3747:ISBN 3727:ISBN 3689:ISBN 3668:ISBN 3647:ISBN 3633:ISBN 3619:ISBN 3532:2012 3346:(CV) 3340:The 3208:ISBN 3188:OCLC 3168:ISBN 3148:ISBN 3117:2012 3070:ISBN 2875:ISBN 2855:ISBN 2839:ISBN 2693:ISBN 2640:ISBN 2604:ISBN 2513:ISBN 2471:ISBN 2421:ISBN 2295:ISBN 1390:and 1335:Sine 1317:and 1285:Baol 1273:and 1254:Joal 1246:Sine 1220:Juuf 1212:Joof 1118:Sine 1106:Baol 768:Baol 731:Sine 719:The 686:Buur 682:Bour 678:Baol 674:Laah 530:and 522:and 520:Sine 501:Sine 459:and 453:Fall 423:and 389:and 383:herd 296:clan 278:and 274:The 257:Juuf 247:and 229:Joof 190:Bour 160:) - 143:Sine 49:and 45:The 23:and 4749:nĂ©. 4554:and 3701:): 2531:), 2040:art 1680:of 1628:of 1463:of 1224:Juf 1222:or 1102:Laa 766:of 684:or 668:or 628:or 472:nĂ©. 442:in 385:of 306:or 298:is 267:). 261:Juf 259:or 4900:: 3741:. 3599:, 3558:: 3509:^ 3480:^ 3394:: 3344:: 3328:: 3229:: 3061:^ 2967:^ 2955:^ 2885:^ 2801:^ 2787:^ 2703:^ 2671:^ 2650:^ 2614:^ 2589:^ 2540:^ 2498:^ 2465:, 2395:^ 2379:^ 2357:, 2305:^ 1982:fr 1922:de 1707:). 1692:fr 1666:fr 1218:, 1214:, 1144:, 1140:, 1136:, 1132:, 1104:, 952:, 943:). 918:) 592:: 505:c. 120:c. 4834:( 4747:( 4713:e 4706:t 4699:v 4394:( 3851:e 3844:t 3837:v 3534:. 3305:) 3214:) 3119:. 2124:. 1952:. 1901:. 1891:. 1854:. 1844:. 1808:. 1760:. 1733:: 1700:. 1632:. 1603:. 1568:. 1526:( 1304:. 1228:: 982:) 867:) 791:) 632:) 614:) 600:) 588:( 526:( 438:( 231:( 125:) 118:( 107:) 61:.

Index

Serer people
Timeline of Serer history

totem
symbol
antelope
Serer mythology
Kingdom of Baol
Kingdom of Sine
Kingdom of Saloum
Takrur
Serers lineage
Senegal
Gambia
Mauritania
Lamanes
Lamane Jegan Joof
Maad Ndaah Njemeh Joof
Maad a Sinig Mahecor Joof
Sine
Maad Saloum Fode N'Gouye Joof
Saloum
Lamane
Lamane
Maad a Sinig
Teigne
Maad Saloum
The Royal House of Boureh Gnilane Joof
The Royal House of Jogo Siga Joof
The Royal House of Semou Njekeh Joof

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