26:
299:
440:. This applies to both incidence and event-free survival. A second study in a different population undergoing coronary angiography arrived at similar results. It was therefore concluded that an elevated set point of thyroid homeostasis may contribute to cardiovascular risk. A positive correlation of JTI to SIQALS 2, a score for
1525:
Müller, Patrick; Dietrich, Johannes W.; Lin, Tina; Bejinariu, Alexandru; Binnebößel, Stephan; Bergen, Friederike; Schmidt, Jan; Müller, Sarah-Kristin; Chatzitomaris, Apostolos; Kurt, Muhammed; Gerguri, Shqipe; Clasen, Lukas; Klein, Harald H.; Kelm, Malte; Makimoto, Hisaki (January 2020). "Usefulness
102:. In a paper from 2014 further study was suggested to show if it is useful, but the 2018 guideline by the European Thyroid Association for the diagnosis of uncertain cases of central hypothyroidism regarded it as beneficial. It is also recommended for purposes of differential diagnosis in the
302:
Percentiles for Jostel's TSH index (TSHI or JTI) along with reference ranges for thyroid's secretory capacity (SPINA-GT) and univariable reference ranges for thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4), shown in the two-dimensional phase plane defined by serum concentrations of TSH and
1873:
Zhai, D; Chen, J; Guo, B; Retnakaran, R; Gao, S; Zhang, X; Hao, W; Zhang, R; Zhao, Y; Wen, SW (May 2022). "Oxcarbazepine was associated with risks of newly developed hypothyroxinaemia and impaired central set point of thyroid homeostasis in schizophrenia patients".
1656:
Zhai, D; Bing, J; Shan, X; Luo, H; Wen, W; Gao, S; Niu, K; Cui, T; Li, H; Retnakaran, R; Hao, W; Zhang, R; Zhao, Y; Wen, SW (December 2022). "Higher central set point of thyroid homeostasis in drug-naïve patients affected by first episode schizophrenia".
1478:
Tan, Y; Gao, L; Yin, Q; Sun, Z; Man, X; Du, Y; Chen, Y (April 2021). "Thyroid hormone levels and structural parameters of thyroid homeostasis are correlated with motor subtype and disease severity in euthyroid patients with
Parkinson's disease".
875:
Chiloiro, Sabrina; Tartaglione, Tommaso; Capoluongo, Ettore
Domenico; Angelini, Flavia; Arena, Vincenzo; Giampietro, Antonella; Bianchi, Antonio; Zoli, Angelo; Pontecorvi, Alfredo; Colosimo, Cesare; De Marinis, Laura (1 August 2018).
1604:
Tawakol, A; Ishai, A; Takx, RA; Figueroa, AL; Ali, A; Kaiser, Y; Truong, QA; Solomon, CJ; Calcagno, C; Mani, V; Tang, CY; Mulder, WJ; Murrough, JW; Hoffmann, U; Nahrendorf, M; Shin, LM; Fayad, ZA; Pitman, RK (25 February 2017).
458:
and thyroid volume. It is unclear if this finding reflects shortcomings of the index (i.e. low specificity in the setting of subclinical hypothyroidism) or plastic responses of the pituitary gland to beginning hypothyroidism.
1837:
Zhao, Y; Wang, N; Wen, SW; Li, M; Yuan, Y; Retnakaran, R; Hao, W; Zhang, R; Zhai, D (January 2022). "Mirtazapine use may increase the risk of hypothyroxinaemia in patients affected by major depressive disorder".
273:
186:
655:
Reichlin S, Utiger RD (February 1967). "Regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis in man: relationship of TSH concentration to concentration of free and total thyroxine in plasma".
406:
and fat mass, but negative to body cell mass. With the exception of fat mass all correlations were age-dependent. Very similar observations have been made earlier in the
2010:
1569:
Qin, Z; Muhanhali, D; Ling, Y (17 May 2024). "Impaired
Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Increases Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography".
1320:"The impact of oral hormonal contraception on metformin action on hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis activity in women with diabetes and prediabetes: A pilot study"
560:
Jostel A, Ryder WD, Shalet SM (October 2009). "The use of thyroid function tests in the diagnosis of hypopituitarism: definition und evaluation of the TSH Index".
368:
resulting from thyrotropic insufficiency. For this indication, it has, however, up to now only been validated in adults. JTI was also found reduced in cases of
1269:"The Association between Vitamin D Status and the Impact of Metformin on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis Activity in Women with Subclinical Hypothyroidism"
764:
Dietrich, Johannes W.; Landgrafe-Mende, Gabi; Wiora, Evelin; Chatzitomaris, Apostolos; Klein, Harald H.; Midgley, John E. M.; Hoermann, Rudolf (2016-06-09).
513:
606:
Persani, L; Brabant, G; Dattani, M; Bonomi, M; Feldt-Rasmussen, U; Fliers, E; Gruters, A; Maiter, D; Schoenmakers, N; van
Trotsenburg, ASP (October 2018).
1692:
Hoermann, R; Midgley, JEM; Larisch, R; Dietrich, JW (19 July 2018). "The Role of
Functional Thyroid Capacity in Pituitary Thyroid Feedback Regulation".
2015:
451:, another biomarker for the central thyrotropic function, were observed to be elevated in certain psychiatric diseases including schizophrenia.
523:
859:
826:
528:
448:
484:
Drugs that reduce the TSH index, probably via effects on the central set point of the feedback loop, include mirtazapine and oxcarbazepine.
1429:"Thyroid Allostasis-Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming"
1526:
of Serum Free
Thyroxine Concentration to Predict Ventricular Arrhythmia Risk in Euthyroid Patients with Structural Heart Disease".
2000:
1068:"Low Triiodothyronine Syndrome in Patients With Radiation Enteritis: Risk Factors and Clinical Outcomes an Observational Study"
842:
Dietrich, Johannes W.; Schifferdecker, Ekkehard; Schatz, Helmut; Klein, Harald (2022). "Endokrine und
Stoffwechseldiagnostik".
518:
455:
1216:
Dietrich, Johannes
Wolfgang; Hoermann, Rudolf; Midgley, John E. M.; Bergen, Friederike; Müller, Patrick (26 October 2020).
1995:
878:"Hypophysitis outcome and factors predicting responsiveness to glucocorticoid therapy: a prospective and double-arm study"
2005:
1427:
Chatzitomaris, A; Hoermann, R; Midgley, JE; Hering, S; Urban, A; Dietrich, B; Abood, A; Klein, HH; Dietrich, JW (2017).
391:
25:
376:. Conversely, an elevated thyroid function index may serve as a biomarker for type 2 allostasis and contextual stress.
1985:
216:
120:
1788:"Association of Phthalate Exposure with Thyroid Function and Thyroid Homeostasis Parameters in Type 2 Diabetes"
766:"Calculated Parameters of Thyroid Homeostasis: Emerging Tools for Differential Diagnosis and Clinical Research"
433:
425:
365:
56:
608:"2018 European Thyroid Association (ETA) Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of Central Hypothyroidism"
657:
437:
369:
103:
1166:"Stress, relationship satisfaction, and health among African American women: Genetic moderation of effects"
444:, suggests that thyroid hormones are among the mediators linking stress to major cardiovascular endpoints.
508:
414:
1370:
Ittermann, T; Markus, MRP; Bahls, M; Felix, SB; Steveling, A; Nauck, M; Völzke, H; Dörr, M (2021-05-18).
1607:"Relation between resting amygdalar activity and cardiovascular events: a longitudinal and cohort study"
1372:"Low serum TSH levels are associated with low values of fat-free mass and body cell mass in the elderly"
1990:
1909:
Siddiqui, MS; Lai, ZM; Spain, L; Greener, V; Turajlic, S; Larkin, J; Morganstein, DL (January 2021).
1737:"Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs on Thyroid Function in Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Euthyroidism"
1383:
492:
1911:"Predicting development of ipilimumab-induced hypophysitis: utility of T4 and TSH index but not TSH"
1218:"The Two Faces of Janus: Why Thyrotropin as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor May Be an Ambiguous Target"
478:
403:
99:
94:), is a method for estimating the thyrotropic (i.e. thyroid stimulating) function of the anterior
1717:
1551:
1504:
1349:
585:
417:, JTI is significantly elevated in early sub-types of the disease compared to an advanced group.
287:
98:
lobe in a quantitative way. The equation has been derived from the logarithmic standard model of
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899:
855:
822:
816:
797:
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674:
637:
577:
199:(FT4) and a correction coefficient derived from the logarithmic standard model (β = 0.1345).
1930:
1922:
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Krysiak, Robert; Kowalcze, Karolina; Wolnowska, Monika; Okopień, Bogusław (5 January 2020).
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279:
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Chen, Y; Zhang, W; Chen, J; Wang, N; Chen, C; Wang, Y; Wan, H; Chen, B; Lu, Y (2021).
1623:
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467:
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1492:
1285:
1670:
1164:
Lei, MK; Beach, SR; Simons, RL; Barr, AB; Cutrona, CE; Philibert, RA (Mar 2016).
1066:
Fan, S; Ni, X; Wang, J; Zhang, Y; Tao, S; Chen, M; Li, Y; Li, J (February 2016).
62:
1083:
192:
1926:
1395:
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Negative correlation of Jostel's TSH index to the urinary excretion of certain
1753:
1234:
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373:
298:
1582:
1445:
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Marlier, Joke; T'Sjoen, Guy; Kaufman, Jean; Lapauw, Bruno (October 2022).
894:
877:
730:
678:
670:
379:
Jostel's TSH index may decrease under therapy with the antidiabetic drug
1034:
984:
1336:
1319:
1181:
934:
36:
1887:
1851:
1705:
623:
1017:
Schoenmakers, N; Alatzoglou, KS; Chatterjee, VK; Dattani, MT (2015).
407:
1267:
Krysiak, R; Kowalcze, K; Szkróbka, W; Okopień, B (20 August 2024).
454:
Another study demonstrated the TSH index to inversely correlate to
297:
714:"TSH and Thyrotropic Agonists: Key Actors in Thyroid Homeostasis"
487:
A reduction of Jostel's TSH index may predict the development of
1960:
919:"The diagnosis and management of central hypothyroidism in 2018"
699:
S. 144–52, J. B. Lippincott
Company, Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1990
1735:
Yang, Lijuan; Sun, Xiuqin; Zhao, Yi; Tao, Hong (7 March 2022).
470:
resulted in increased TSH index, but the mechanism is unclear.
481:
may affect the central set point of thyroid homeostasis.
30:
Reference ranges for JTI and other thyroid function tests
707:
705:
697:
Principles and
Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
1117:"Impact of thyroid hormones on asthma in older adults"
1019:"Recent advances in central congenital hypothyroidism"
882:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
815:
Fliers, Eric; Korbonits, Marta; Romijn, J. A. (2014).
390:
In two large population-based cohorts included in the
917:
Persani, L; Cangiano, B; Bonomi, M (1 January 2019).
219:
123:
1571:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
968:"Central hypothyroidism: are patients undertreated?"
601:
599:
1520:
1518:
55:
45:
35:
18:
267:
180:
712:Dietrich, JW; Landgrafe, G; Fotiadou, EH (2012).
370:TACITUS syndrome (non-thyroidal illness syndrome)
1365:
1363:
1211:
1209:
268:{\displaystyle sTSHI={\frac {TSHI-2.7}{0.676}}}
428:found that JTI predicts the risk of malignant
1324:Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
846:. Springer Reference Medizin. pp. 1–13.
693:Thyroid-stimulation hormone and its disorders
394:differentially correlated to some markers of
181:{\displaystyle TSHI=\ln(TSH)+0.1345\cdot FT4}
8:
555:
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
543:
514:Thyrotroph Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Index
1694:European Journal of Clinical Investigation
364:The TSH index is reduced in patients with
290:(0.676) of TSHI in a reference population
114:Jostel's TSH index can be calculated with
24:
1961:SPINA Thyr: Open source software for TSHI
1934:
1915:Journal of Endocrinological Investigation
1813:
1803:
1762:
1752:
1632:
1622:
1481:The International Journal of Neuroscience
1454:
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1121:Journal of International Medical Research
1091:
1042:
993:
983:
942:
893:
791:
781:
739:
729:
631:
238:
218:
191:from equilibrium serum concentrations of
122:
2011:Structure parameters of thyroid function
1876:British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
1840:British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
1115:Bingyan, Zhan; Dong, Wei (7 July 2019).
306:
539:
524:Sum activity of peripheral deiodinases
15:
529:Thyroid Feedback Quantile-based Index
449:thyroid feedback quantile-based index
7:
1969:" for the statistical environment
1528:The American Journal of Cardiology
202:An alternative standardised form (
14:
383:, especially in women under oral
574:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03534.x
372:as an example of type 1 thyroid
2016:Static endocrine function tests
852:10.1007/978-3-662-61937-7_83-1
398:. Correlation was positive to
157:
145:
104:sociomedical expert assessment
1:
1624:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31714-7
1540:10.1016/j.amjcard.2020.01.019
1493:10.1080/00207454.2020.1744595
1286:10.3390/pharmaceutics16081093
1792:Journal of Diabetes Research
1671:10.1016/j.schres.2022.10.022
695:. In: Becker, K. L. (Hrsg.)
519:Thyroid's secretory capacity
493:immune checkpoint inhibitors
456:thyroid's secretory capacity
392:Study of Health in Pomerania
1084:10.1097/MD.0000000000002640
818:Clinical Neuroendocrinology
447:Jostel's TSH index and the
2032:
1927:10.1007/s40618-020-01297-3
1433:Frontiers in Endocrinology
1396:10.1038/s41598-021-90178-7
1222:Frontiers in Endocrinology
844:Die Ärztliche Begutachtung
770:Frontiers in Endocrinology
84:Jostel's thyrotropin index
41:Jostel's thyrotropin index
1754:10.3389/fphar.2022.802159
1741:Frontiers in Pharmacology
1235:10.3389/fendo.2020.542710
821:. Elsevier. p. 146.
23:
1446:10.3389/fendo.2017.00163
1133:10.1177/0300060519856465
972:European Thyroid Journal
783:10.3389/fendo.2016.00057
612:European Thyroid Journal
434:ventricular fibrillation
426:structural heart disease
420:A longitudinal study in
366:secondary hypothyroidism
2001:Thyroidological methods
658:J Clin Endocrinol Metab
562:Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf)
438:ventricular tachycardia
82:), also referred to as
1659:Schizophrenia Research
1583:10.1210/clinem/dgad735
509:Thyroid function tests
304:
269:
210:) is calculated with.
204:standardised TSH index
182:
88:Thyroid Function index
923:Endocrine Connections
895:10.1210/jc.2018-01021
671:10.1210/jcem-27-2-251
360:Clinical significance
301:
270:
183:
1996:Endocrine procedures
1805:10.1155/2021/4027380
491:due to therapy with
479:endocrine disruptors
282:value incorporating
217:
121:
110:How to determine JTI
2006:Thyroid homeostasis
1388:2021NatSR..1110547I
1035:10.1530/JOE-15-0341
985:10.1530/ETJ-21-0128
731:10.1155/2012/351864
415:Parkinson's disease
404:waist circumference
100:thyroid homeostasis
1986:Chemical pathology
1617:(10071): 834–845.
1376:Scientific Reports
1337:10.1111/jcpt.13105
1182:10.1037/fam0000140
978:(6): ETJ–21–0128.
935:10.1530/EC-18-0515
305:
288:standard deviation
265:
178:
72:Jostel's TSH index
19:Jostel's TSH index
1888:10.1111/bcp.15163
1852:10.1111/bcp.14949
1706:10.1111/eci.13003
888:(10): 3877–3889.
861:978-3-662-61937-7
828:978-0-444-62612-7
624:10.1159/000491388
466:, treatment with
462:In subjects with
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1882:(5): 2297–2305.
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1793:
1789:
1782:
1779:
1774:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1731:
1728:
1723:
1719:
1715:
1711:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1688:
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1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
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1660:
1652:
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1612:
1608:
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1597:
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1565:
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1549:
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1466:
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1311:
1306:
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1274:
1273:Pharmaceutics
1270:
1263:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1212:
1210:
1206:
1201:
1197:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1176:(2): 221–32.
1175:
1171:
1170:J Fam Psychol
1167:
1160:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1143:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1118:
1111:
1108:
1103:
1099:
1094:
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1085:
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1077:
1073:
1069:
1062:
1059:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1029:(3): R51-71.
1028:
1024:
1020:
1013:
1010:
1005:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
977:
973:
969:
962:
959:
954:
950:
945:
940:
936:
932:
928:
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920:
913:
910:
905:
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896:
891:
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871:
868:
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857:
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845:
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835:
830:
824:
820:
819:
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799:
794:
789:
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779:
775:
771:
767:
760:
757:
751:
747:
742:
737:
732:
727:
723:
719:
718:J Thyroid Res
715:
708:
706:
702:
698:
694:
688:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
659:
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629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
602:
600:
596:
591:
587:
583:
579:
575:
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568:(4): 529–34.
567:
563:
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550:
548:
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530:
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522:
520:
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468:beta blockers
465:
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427:
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388:
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375:
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359:
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324:
322:
319:
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314:
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308:
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293:
291:
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281:
280:z-transformed
260:
256:
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250:
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244:
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235:
232:
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220:
213:
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136:
133:
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127:
124:
117:
116:
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109:
107:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
77:
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64:
60:
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50:
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44:
40:
38:
34:
27:
22:
17:
1918:
1914:
1904:
1879:
1875:
1868:
1843:
1839:
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1791:
1781:
1744:
1740:
1730:
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1693:
1687:
1662:
1658:
1651:
1614:
1610:
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1574:
1570:
1564:
1531:
1527:
1484:
1480:
1473:
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1432:
1422:
1382:(1): 10547.
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1323:
1313:
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1262:
1225:
1221:
1173:
1169:
1159:
1124:
1120:
1110:
1078:(6): e2640.
1075:
1071:
1061:
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1023:J Endocrinol
1022:
1012:
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912:
885:
881:
870:
843:
837:
817:
810:
773:
769:
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696:
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650:
615:
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565:
561:
489:hypophysitis
486:
483:
472:
461:
453:
446:
419:
412:
389:
378:
363:
325:
320:
315:
310:
277:
207:
203:
201:
195:(TSH), free
190:
113:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
70:
1991:Blood tests
1798:: 4027380.
1279:(8): 1093.
321:Upper limit
316:Lower limit
193:thyrotropin
1980:Categories
1747:: 802159.
1228:: 542710.
724:: 351864.
535:References
497:ipilimumab
475:phthalates
432:including
430:arrhythmia
374:allostasis
286:(2.7) and
1965:Package "
1665:: 62–66.
1556:211261823
1509:212752563
1354:209895460
422:euthyroid
410:dataset.
381:metformin
311:Parameter
254:−
167:⋅
143:
96:pituitary
1945:32449093
1896:34855997
1860:34155670
1824:34746318
1773:35330837
1722:51698223
1714:30022470
1679:36368279
1643:28088338
1591:38103262
1548:32087999
1501:32186220
1465:28775711
1414:34006958
1346:31903641
1305:39204438
1296:11360748
1254:33193077
1200:26376424
1151:31280621
1102:26871787
1072:Medicine
1053:26416826
1004:36205647
953:30645189
904:30085134
802:27375554
750:23365787
642:30374425
590:10827131
582:19226261
503:See also
495:, e. g.
37:Synonyms
1936:7796881
1815:8566079
1764:8940167
1634:7864285
1456:5517413
1439:: 163.
1405:8131378
1384:Bibcode
1245:7649136
1191:4749476
1142:6753544
1093:4753882
1044:4629398
995:9641783
944:6373625
793:4899439
741:3544290
679:4163614
633:6198777
402:(BMI),
63:D013960
51:1.3–4.1
1943:
1933:
1894:
1858:
1822:
1812:
1771:
1761:
1720:
1712:
1677:
1641:
1631:
1611:Lancet
1589:
1554:
1546:
1507:
1499:
1463:
1453:
1412:
1402:
1352:
1344:
1303:
1293:
1252:
1242:
1198:
1188:
1149:
1139:
1100:
1090:
1051:
1041:
1002:
992:
951:
941:
902:
858:
825:
800:
790:
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748:
738:
677:
640:
630:
588:
580:
408:NHANES
164:0.1345
1967:SPINA
1718:S2CID
1552:S2CID
1505:S2CID
1350:S2CID
586:S2CID
345:sTSHI
278:as a
261:0.676
208:sTSHI
1941:PMID
1892:PMID
1856:PMID
1820:PMID
1796:2021
1769:PMID
1710:PMID
1675:PMID
1639:PMID
1587:PMID
1544:PMID
1497:PMID
1461:PMID
1410:PMID
1342:PMID
1301:PMID
1250:PMID
1196:PMID
1147:PMID
1098:PMID
1049:PMID
1000:PMID
949:PMID
900:PMID
856:ISBN
823:ISBN
798:PMID
746:PMID
722:2012
675:PMID
638:PMID
578:PMID
436:and
332:TSHI
326:Unit
303:FT4.
284:mean
76:TSHI
57:MeSH
1931:PMC
1923:doi
1884:doi
1848:doi
1810:PMC
1800:doi
1759:PMC
1749:doi
1702:doi
1667:doi
1663:250
1629:PMC
1619:doi
1615:389
1579:doi
1575:109
1536:doi
1532:125
1489:doi
1485:131
1451:PMC
1441:doi
1400:PMC
1392:doi
1332:doi
1291:PMC
1281:doi
1240:PMC
1230:doi
1186:PMC
1178:doi
1137:PMC
1129:doi
1088:PMC
1080:doi
1039:PMC
1031:doi
1027:227
990:PMC
980:doi
939:PMC
931:doi
890:doi
886:103
848:doi
788:PMC
778:doi
736:PMC
726:doi
667:doi
628:PMC
620:doi
570:doi
413:In
338:4.1
335:1.3
257:2.7
206:or
92:TFI
86:or
80:JTI
78:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
