Mohawk people - Knowledge (XXG)

1741: 2256: 585: 4062: 6577: 2559: 6776: 618: 597: 2391: 2545: 2203: 1552: 1184: 1056: 930: 149: 47: 1157:; the Mohawks spotted them as well. De Champlain and his crew fell back, then advanced to the Mohawk barricade after landing on a beach. They met the Mohawks at the barricade; 200 warriors advanced behind four chiefs. They were equally astonished to see each other— De Champlain surprised at their stature, confidence, and dress; the Mohawks surprised by De Champlain's steel 286: 1322:, a Dutch minister, recorded the spelling of the same three villages as Asserué, Banagiro, and Thenondiogo. Late 20th-century archeological studies have determined that Ossernenon was located about 9 miles west of the current city of Auriesville; the two were mistakenly conflated by a tradition that developed in the late 19th century in the Catholic Church. 641: 691: 707: 675: 659: 757: 725: 625: 2626:"Within certain clans there may also be different types of one animal or bird. For example, the turtle clan has three different types of turtles, the wolf clan has three different types of wolves and the bear clan includes three different types of bears allowing for marriage within the clan as long as each belongs to a different species of the clan." 2003:

have also been associated with religious divisions: the traditional chiefs are often associated with the Longhouse tradition, practicing consensus-democratic values, while the Warrior Society has attacked that religion and asserted independence. Meanwhile, the elected chiefs have tended to be associated (though in a much looser and general way) with

88: 741: 429: 2267:, and many men of the other groups of the Iroquois Confederacy, was to remove most of the hair from the head by plucking (not shaving) tuft by tuft of hair until all that was left was a smaller section, that was worn in a variety of styles, which could vary by community. The women wore their hair long, often dressed with traditional 1333:, further west in the Mohawk Valley, merchants in Fort Nassau continued to control the fur trading. Schenectady was established essentially as a farming settlement, where the Dutch took over some of the former Mohawk maize fields in the floodplain along the river. Through trading, the Mohawk and Dutch became allies of a kind. 2137:). Clans are nominally the descendants of a single female ancestor, with women possessing the leadership role. Each member of the same clan, across all the Six Nations, is considered a relative. Traditionally, marriages between people of the same clan are forbidden. Children belong to their mother's clan. 1283:. The Dutch initially traded for furs with the local Mohican, who occupied the territory along the Hudson River. Following a raid in 1626 when the Mohawks resettled along the south side of the Mohawk River, in 1628, they mounted an attack against the Mohican, pushing them back to the area of present-day 2168:

was captured by a party of Mohawks and brought to Ossernenon (now Auriesville, New York). Jogues and company attempted to convert the Mohawks to Catholicism, but the Mohawks took them captive, tortured, abused and killed them. Following their martyrdom, new French Jesuit missionaries arrived and many

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in the traditional Mohawk fashion. Mohawks of most of the reserves have established constitutions with elected chiefs and councilors, with whom the Canadian and U.S. governments usually prefer to deal exclusively. The self-governing communities are listed below, grouped by broad geographical cluster,

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In the early 21st century, two legal cases were pending that related to Native American gambling and land claims in New York. The State of New York has expressed similar objections to the Dept. of Interior taking other land into trust for federally recognized 'tribes', which would establish the land

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After the American victory, the British ceded their claim to land in the colonies, and the Americans forced their allies, the Mohawks and others, to give up their territories in New York. Most of the Mohawks migrated to Canada, where the Crown gave them some land in compensation. The Mohawks at the

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and helmet. One of the chiefs raised his bow at Champlain and the Indians. Champlain fired three shots that pierced the Mohawk chiefs' wooden armor, killing them instantly. The Mohawks stood in shock until they started flinging arrows at the crowd. A brawl began and the Mohawks fell back seeing the

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of deerskin in summer. In cooler weather, they added deerskin leggings, a deerskin shirt, arm and knee bands, and carried a quill and flint arrow hunting bag. Women and men wore puckered-seam, ankle-wrap moccasins with earrings and necklaces made of shells. Jewelry was also created using porcupine

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In the winter of 1651, the Mohawk attacked on the southeast and overwhelmed the Algonquian in the coastal areas. They took between 500 and 600 captives. In 1664, the Pequot of New England killed a Mohawk ambassador, starting a war that resulted in the destruction of the Pequot, as the English and

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Both the elected chiefs and the Warrior Society have encouraged gambling as a means of ensuring tribal self-sufficiency on the various reserves or Indian reservations. Traditional chiefs have tended to oppose gaming on moral grounds and out of fear of corruption and organized crime. Such disputes

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in Lower Manhattan. They typically drive the 360 miles from the Kahnawake reserve on the St. Lawrence River in Quebec to work the week in lower Manhattan and then return on the weekend to be with their families. A selection of portraits of these Mohawk ironworkers were featured in an online photo

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reservations repossessed traditional Mohawk land near Old Forge, New York, occupying Moss Lake, an abandoned girls camp. The New York state government attempted to shut the operation down, but after negotiation, the state offered the Mohawk some land in Miner Lake, where they have since settled.

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and other conflicts. They conducted a growing trade in captives, holding them for ransom. Neither of the colonial governments generally negotiated for common captives, and it was up to local European communities to raise funds to ransom their residents. In some cases, French and Abenaki raiders

1445:, born at Ossernenon in the late 1650s, has become noted as a Mohawk convert to Catholicism. She moved with relatives to Caughnawaga on the north side of the river after her parents' deaths. She was known for her faith and a shrine was built to her in New York. In the late 20th century, she was 1152:

and his crew into Mohawk country, the Mohawks being completely unaware of this situation. De Champlain made it clear he wanted to strike the Mohawks down after their raids on the neighboring nations. On July 29, 1609, hundreds of Hurons and many of De Champlain's French crew fell back from the

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to come into their communities and teach the Christian message. He operated from the Fort Nassau area for about six years, writing a record in 1644 of his observations of the Mohawk, their language (which he learned), and their culture. While he noted their ritual of torture of captives, he

1842:. The duties of the Warrior Society are to use roadblocks, evictions, and occupations to gain rights for their people, and these tactics are also used among the warriors to protect the environment from pollution. The notable movements started by the Mohawk Warrior Society have been the 2296:

kinship system, with descent and inheritance passed through the female line. Today, the marriage ceremony may follow that of the old tradition or incorporate newer elements, but is still used by many Mohawk Nation marrying couples. Some couples choose to marry in the European manner

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belts. For headwear, the men would use a piece of animal fur with attached porcupine quills and features. The women would occasionally wear tiaras of beaded cloth. Later, dress after European contact combined some cloth pieces such as wool trousers and skirts.

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and the St. Regis Mohawk Tribal Gaming Commission were vested with gaming oversight. Law enforcement responsibilities fell under the state police, with some law enforcement matters left to the community. As required by IGRA, the compact was approved by the

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and established a trading post in 1614 at the confluence of the Mohawk and Hudson Rivers, and the French, who came south into their territory from New France (present-day Quebec). The Dutch were primarily merchants and the French also conducted

1314:, all along the south side of the Mohawk River from east to west. These were recorded by speakers of other languages with different spellings, and historians have struggled to reconcile various accounts, as well as to align them with 881:

Given increased activism for land claims, a rise in tribal revenues due to establishment of gaming on certain reserves or reservations, competing leadership, traditional government jurisdiction, issues of taxation, and the Canadian

1977:, helped rescue people from the burning towers in 2001, and helped dismantle the remains of the building afterwards. Approximately 200 Mohawk ironworkers (out of 2,000 total ironworkers at the site) participated in rebuilding the 2647: 1912:

who helped build bridges and skyscrapers, and who were called skywalkers because of their seeming fearlessness. They worked from the 1930s to the 1970s on special labor contracts as specialists and participated in building the

1431:. These Mohawk were joined by members of other Indigenous peoples but dominated the settlements by number. Many converted to Roman Catholicism. In the 1740s, Mohawk and French set up another village upriver, which is known as 1379:

and other Algonquian Indians of coastal New England sought an alliance with the Mohawks against English colonists of that region. Disrupted by their losses to smallpox, the Mohawks refused the alliance. They killed the Pequot

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in the 16th century, and kept control of their territory. In addition to hunting and fishing for centuries the Mohawks cultivated productive maize fields on the fertile floodplains along the Mohawk River, west of the

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In the Mohawk language, the Mohawk people call themselves the Kanienʼkehá꞉ka ("people of the flint"). The Mohawk became wealthy traders as other nations in their confederacy needed their flint for tool making. Their

1728:. It conducted extensive raids against other Iroquois settlements in central and western New York, destroying 40 villages, crops, and winter stores. Many Mohawk and other Iroquois migrated to Canada for refuge near 4564: 1498:

adopted numerous young women and children to add to their own members, having suffered losses to disease and warfare. For instance, among them were numerous survivors of the more than 100 captives taken in the

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affirmed the lower courts' rulings that Governor Cuomo exceeded his authority by entering into the compact absent legislative authorization and declared the compact void On October 19, 2004, Governor

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acted as a war chief and successfully led raids against British and ethnic German colonists in the Mohawk Valley, who had been given land by the British administration near the rapids at present-day

1917:. The construction companies found that the Mohawk ironworkers did not fear heights or dangerous conditions. Their contracts offered lower than average wages to the First Nations people and limited 1287:. The Mohawks gained a near-monopoly in the fur trade with the Dutch by prohibiting the nearby Algonquian-speaking peoples to the north or east to trade with them but did not entirely control this. 4051: 1503:

in western Massachusetts. The minister of Deerfield was ransomed and returned to Massachusetts, but his daughter was adopted by a Mohawk family and ultimately assimilated and married a Mohawk man.

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entered into the "Tribal-State Compact Between the St. Regis Mohawk First Nation and the State of New York". The compact allowed the Indigenous people to conduct gambling, including games such as

1352:, when the Dutch fought localized battles with other native peoples. In addition, Dutch trade partners equipped the Mohawk with guns to fight against other First Nations who were allied with the 2088:'s concurrence, subject to the negotiation and approval of either an amendment to the current compact or a new compact. Interior rejected the Mohawks' application to take this land into trust. 4421: 4559: 1740: 871:"Six Nations of the Grand River". Traditional governance, band/tribal elections. Mohawks form the majority of the population of this Iroquois Six Nations reserve. There are also Mohawk 2832: 6812: 3941: 3176: 4426: 2973: 2321:'s "Tsiionhiakwatha" interpretation village. Other Mohawk Nation Longhouses are found on the Mohawk territory reserves that hold the Mohawk law recitations, ceremonial rites, and 3060: 3020: 7044: 7059: 6504: 1672:, the British Superintendent of Indian Affairs, built his first house on the north bank of the Mohawk River almost opposite Warrensbush and established the settlement of 2093: 2092:

as sovereign Native American territory, on which they might establish new gaming facilities. The other suit contends that the Indian Gaming Regulatory Act violates the

6835: 1705:(Akiatonharónkwen), a veteran of the French and Indian War and ally of the rebels, offered his services to the Americans, receiving an officer's commission from the 7064: 3396: 1683:. They had a long trading relationship with the British and hoped to gain support to prohibit colonists from encroaching into their territory in the Mohawk Valley. 6689: 3822: 3146: 1969:

Since the mid-20th century, Mohawks have also formed their own construction companies. Others returned to New York projects. Mohawk skywalkers had built the

1401:, trying to suppress the Native Americans in the region. The Mohawk also attacked other members of the Pequot confederacy, in a war that lasted until 1671. 7049: 6418: 1412:

missionaries. Beginning in 1669, missionaries attempted to convert Mohawks to Christianity, operating a mission in Ossernenon 9 miles west of present-day

7054: 6805: 3984: 1435:. Today a Mohawk reserve, it spans the St. Lawrence River and present-day international boundaries to New York, United States, where it is known as the 1475:, decided to winter with his warriors near Albany in 1675. Encouraged by the English, the Mohawk attacked and killed all but 40 of the 400 Pokanoket. 1408:

area, burning the three Mohawk villages south of the river and their stored food supply. One of the conditions of the peace was that the Mohawk accept

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The Mohawks have organized for more sovereignty at their reserves in Canada, pressing for authority over their people and lands. Tensions with the

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Many Kanienʼkehá:ka communities have two sets of chiefs, who are in some sense competing governmental rivals. One group are the hereditary chiefs (

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Over time, some converted Mohawk relocated to Jesuit mission villages established south of Montreal on the St. Lawrence River in the early 1700s:

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In traditional dress women often went topless in summer and wore a skirt of deerskin. In colder seasons, women wore a deerskin dress. Men wore a

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After the fall of New Netherland to England in 1664, the Mohawk in New York traded with the English and sometimes acted as their allies. During

6497: 5333: 4651: 2706: 2680: 2402: 1955: 1664:. These two major settlements were traditionally called the Upper Castle and the Lower Castle. The Lower Castle was almost contiguous with Sir 1538:

between the British and the Mohawk, along with securing their cooperation and support in fighting the French, in engagements in North America.

506:, the Mohawk are known as the Keepers of the Eastern Door who are the guardians of the Iroquois Confederation against invasions from the east. 3777: 6798: 2592: 2840: 3783: 1959: 1946:, shown on PBS in 2008. This community was most active from the 1920s to the 1960s. The families accompanied the men, who were mostly from 909: 3184: 617: 2965: 7069: 6839: 3309: 3284: 1970: 3815: 3054: 3014: 2354:

First Nation Territory, which straddles the borders of Quebec, Ontario and New York, holds two Mohawk Ceremonial Community Longhouses.

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language. Written in the Roman alphabet, its orthography was standardized in 1993 at the Mohawk Language Standardization Conference.

7034: 6490: 3728: 3700: 3444: 2769: 2242: 1635: 1223: 1103: 977: 250: 232: 130: 74: 2255: 1784:. Brant continued as a political leader of the Mohawks for the rest of his life. This land extended 100 miles from the head of the 7039: 6759: 4541: 4025: 3901: 1950:; together they would return to Kahnawake during the summers. Tarbell is from Kahnawake and was working as a film curator at the 1669: 1515: 772: 3461: 1489:

First Nations in New England were involved in raids conducted by the French and English against each other's settlements during

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Stone, William (September 1838). "Life of Joseph Brant--Thayendanegea; including the Border Wars of the American Revolution".

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before it took effect. There were several extensions and amendments to this compact, but not all of them were approved by the

1249:. During this time the Mohawk fought with the Huron in the Beaver Wars for control of the fur trade with the Europeans. Their 4971: 3977: 3718: 3214: 2224: 2220: 1921:

membership. About 10% of all ironworkers in the New York area are Mohawks, down from about 15% earlier in the 20th century.

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Donald A. Rumrill, "An Interpretation and Analysis of the Seventeenth Century Mohawk Nation: Its Chronology and Movements",

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warriors against the British. During this war, Johannes Tekarihoga was the civil leader of the Mohawk. He died around 1780.

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in October 2012 as the first Native American Catholic saint. She is also recognized by the Episcopal and Lutheran churches.

826:(St. Regis, New York and Quebec/Ontario, Canada) "Where the partridge drums". Traditional governance, band/tribal elections. 213: 7074: 6704: 5253: 5142: 4750: 4551: 4441: 3808: 3207:"3 No. 42: Saratoga County Chamber of Commerce Inc., et al. v. George Pataki, as Governor of the State of New York, et al" 3096: 2861: 1929: 1588: 1125:

people who occupied territory along the Hudson, as well as other Algonquian and Iroquoian peoples to the north around the

185: 3388: 2173:, the daughter of a Mohawk chief and Tagaskouita, a Roman Catholic Algonquin woman, was born in Ossernenon and later was 1153:

mission, daunted by what lay ahead. Sixty Huron Indians, De Champlain, and two Frenchmen saw some Mohawks in a lake near

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term for the Five Nations, meaning "Big Snakes". The Algonquians and Iroquois were traditional competitors and enemies.

2149:. "Much of the religion is based on a primordial conflict between good and evil." Many Mohawks continue to follow the 1800:. Other Mohawks settled in the vicinity of Montreal and upriver, joining the established communities (now reserves) at 103: 6754: 6746: 6661: 6631: 5932: 5359: 4536: 4518: 4383: 4373: 4348: 4343: 4262: 4242: 4237: 4015: 3993: 3747: 2461: 2345: 1881: 905: 856: 731: 510: 1595: 1298:

to the new disease. By 1642 they had regrouped from four into three villages, recorded by Catholic missionary priest

1066: 940: 192: 5326: 5199: 5041: 4664: 4644: 4363: 4257: 4252: 4227: 4153: 4129: 4124: 3154: 2913:"General History of Duchess County, From 1609 to 1876, Inclusive", Philip H. Smith, Pawling, New York, 1877, p. 154 2673: 2467: 1745: 1680: 1673: 1657: 1330: 534: 403: 2213: 1562: 1194: 1085: 1070: 959: 944: 159: 6641: 6636: 6611: 6606: 5069: 4353: 4328: 4217: 4188: 4143: 4074: 4045: 3970: 3886: 2901: 2077: 2055: 2031: 1951: 1390: 788: 611:

Members of the Kanienʼkehá:ka people now live in settlements in northern New York State and southeastern Canada.

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These are notable historical Mohawk people. Contemporary people can be found under their First Nation or tribe.

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blockades in 1990 and the Caledonia Ontario, Douglas Creek occupation of a construction site in summer of 2006.

5156: 4816: 4406: 4168: 2728: 1602: 1368:. In 1645, the Mohawk made peace for a time with the French, who were trying to keep a piece of the fur trade. 1246: 1162:

damage this new technology dealt on their chiefs and warriors. This was the first contact the Mohawks had with

530: 199: 1725: 518: 2470:(c. 1770–c. 1827), Scottish born, adopted into the Mohawk First Nation and made an honorary "Pine Tree Chief" 1341:

recognized that their society had few other killings, especially compared to the Netherlands of that period.

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epidemic among the Mohawk in 1635; this reduced their population by 63%, from 7,740 to 2,830, as they had no

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This article is about the people from eastern North America. For the people from western North America, see

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who had come to them for refuge, and returned part of his remains to the English governor of Connecticut,

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The trading relations between the Mohawk and Dutch helped them maintain peace even during the periods of

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In the upper Hudson and Mohawk Valley regions, the Mohawks long had contact with the Algonquian-speaking

888:, Mohawk communities have been dealing with considerable internal conflict since the late 20th century. 6451: 5347: 5319: 5280: 5109: 5055: 4933: 4846: 4637: 4588: 4173: 4104: 4035: 4031: 2597: 2530: 2182: 2039: 1914: 1908:

in the early through the mid-20th century. They had also worked in construction in Quebec. The men were

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On November 11, 1794, representatives of the Mohawk (along with the other Iroquois nations) signed the

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From the 1690s, Protestant missionaries sought to convert the Mohawk in the New York colony. Many were

3586: 2038:(IGRA). According to the terms of the 1993 compact, the New York State Racing and Wagering Board, the 848:(Sainte-Lucie-des-Laurentides, Quebec). Canada, shared governance between Kahnawà꞉ke and Kanehsatà꞉ke. 108:

Diacritics aren't in unicode, italicization and spellings are inconsistent, needs general copyediting.

6780: 6775: 5257: 5087: 4842: 4581: 4494: 4292: 4277: 4247: 4198: 4119: 3896: 3561: 3335: 2875:, ed. Dean R. Snow, Charles T. Gehring, William A. Starna; Syracuse University Press, 1996, pp. 38–46 2572: 2564: 2015: 1974: 1925: 1866: 1862: 1706: 1649: 1527: 1457: 1420: 992: 796: 573: 2702: 98: 6843: 6462: 6097: 5921: 4798: 4297: 4282: 4158: 4114: 4084: 3911: 3638: 3540: 2577: 2503:

Late 20th and 21st-century Mohawk people are listed under their specific First Nation or tribe at:

2445: 2084:. The U.S. Department of the Interior disapproved this action although the Mohawks gained Governor 1942:, which they called "Little Caughnawaga", after their homeland, is documented in Reaghan Tarbell's 1511: 1490: 1361: 1276: 1149: 483: 6732: 6546: 5806: 5209: 4898: 4740: 4504: 4499: 4193: 4109: 3926: 3916: 3436:

A Manual of the Reformed Church in America (formerly Reformed Protestant Dutch Church). 1628-1902

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transported captives from New England to Montreal and the Mohawk mission villages. The Mohawk at

1295: 1130: 1039: 549: 499: 379: 66: 2488:(c. 1660–c. 1735), Mohawk chief of the Wolf clan; one of the four kings to visit England to see 2363: 2309:

Replicas of 17th-century longhouses have been built at landmarks and tourist villages, such as

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Joseph Brant led a large group of Iroquois out of New York to what became the reserve of the

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First Nation Territory, New York State holds one Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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First Nation Territory, New York State holds one Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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Mohawks came from Kahnawake and other reserves to work in the construction industry in

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The Mohawk were among the four Iroquois people that allied with the British during the

1660:, and the rest lived about 30 miles downstream at the Tionondorage Castle, also called 1535: 1345: 1280: 812: 648: 605: 362: 299: 2448:

or Captain David Hill (1745–1790), Mohawk leader during the American Revolutionary War

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During the second and third quarters of the 18th century, most of the Mohawks in the

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with English surnames, while others were given both first and surnames in English.

1450: 1299: 1272: 1268: 1241: 1237: 842:) "Where the snow crust is". Canada, traditional governance, band/tribal elections. 545: 541: 495: 433: 366: 295: 17: 6894: 3497:

Anne Marie Shimony, "Conservatism among the Iroquois at Six Nations Reserve", 1961

3206: 2119:). The number of clans vary among the Haudenosaunee; the Mohawk have three: Bear ( 2759: 2366:

First Nation Territory, Quebec holds three Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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signed a bill passed by the State Legislature that ratified the compact as being

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In 1993, a group of Akwesasne Mohawks purchased 322 acres of land in the Town of

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First Nation Territory, Quebec holds one Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouses.

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First Nation Territory, Ontario holds one Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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First Nation Territory, Ontario holds one Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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First Nation Territory, Ontario holds six Ceremonial Mohawk Community Longhouse.

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At the time of European contact, Mohawk people were based in the valley of the

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In 2008 the Mohawk Nation was working to obtain approval to own and operate a

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In retaliation for Brant's raids in the valley, the rebel colonists organized

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Mohawks were baptized into the Catholic faith. Ten years after Jogues' death

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The Mohawks fought as allies of the British against the United States in the

1748:) played a prominent role in the War of 1812, leading Iroquois warriors from 6869: 6425: 6411: 6279: 6250: 6230: 6205: 6200: 6141: 6126: 6119: 6030: 5891: 5626: 5566: 5521: 5447: 5437: 5427: 5417: 5397: 5146: 5091: 5079: 5073: 5061: 5047: 5003: 4991: 4977: 4878: 4828: 4790: 4768: 3765: 3439:. Board of publication of the Reformed church in America. pp. 408–410. 2525: 2507: 2369: 2351: 2318: 2174: 2019: 2004: 1947: 1854: 1850: 1839: 1809: 1801: 1789: 1495: 1432: 1307: 1163: 829: 823: 806: 791: 681: 665: 631: 419: 285: 4711:

Reception may vary by location and some stations may only be viewable with

3744: 2499:(Mohawk/Algonquin, 1656–1680), "Lily of the Mohawks", Roman Catholic saint 6930: 6889: 6109: 5826: 5382: 5025: 5021: 5017: 4955: 4951: 4890: 4882: 4806: 4780: 4687: 4396: 3946: 3906: 3831: 3800: 2479: 2439: 2096:

as it is applied in the State of New York. In 2010 it was pending in the

2027: 1939: 1770: 1753: 1514:), Anglo-Mohawk partnership relations were maintained by men such as Sir 1386: 1291: 1000: 859:(Tyendinaga) "On the bay". Traditional governance, band/tribal elections. 3761: 3562:"Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte – Tyendinaga Mohawk Territory » Home" 1534:

in June 1754, to discuss with the Iroquois chiefs repair of the damaged

6904: 6859: 6674: 6566: 6404: 6343: 6336: 6331: 6326: 6272: 6267: 6240: 6235: 6188: 6178: 6131: 6092: 5916: 5901: 5896: 5861: 5856: 5836: 5656: 5646: 5636: 5631: 5596: 5586: 5571: 5491: 5481: 5476: 5286: 5277: 5235: 5153: 5097: 5037: 5009: 4967: 4947: 4939: 4870: 4812: 4754: 3789: 2227: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2146: 1781: 1486: 1479: 1461: 1336:

During their alliance, the Mohawks allowed Dutch Protestant missionary

1250: 1208: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1158: 1122: 569: 557: 318: 2430:, Princess White Deer (1891–1992), Kahnawá:ke Mohawk dancer and singer 2301:

the Longhouse manner, with the Longhouse ceremony usually held first.

428: 6825: 6114: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5980: 5975: 5970: 5965: 5960: 5955: 5950: 5945: 5940: 5886: 5792: 5785: 5780: 5772: 5767: 5762: 5757: 5752: 5747: 5742: 5737: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5621: 5160: 4929: 4838: 3921: 3081: 3056:

Sky Walking: Raising Steel, A Mohawk Ironworker Keeps Tradition Alive

3016:

Sky Walking: Raising Steel, A Mohawk Ironworker Keeps Tradition Alive

2280: 2157: 2073: 1695: 1382: 1376: 1357: 865:(Gibson) "Maple tree". Traditional governance, band/tribal elections. 589: 553: 487: 314: 3784:

Mohawk skyscraper builders and construction workers in New York City

3484:

Johannes Megapolensis Jr., "A Short Account of the Mohawk Indians."

3278:"Former Website of the NYS Department of Environmental Conservation" 2833:"Dutch missionary John Megapolensis on the Mohawks (Iroquois), 1644" 1416:

until 1684, when the Mohawks destroyed it, killing several priests.

3962: 3177:"The Mohawk Ironworkers: Rebuilding the Iconic Skyline of New York" 2476:(1841–1907), physician, scholar from Six Nations of the Grand River 2412:(1743–1771), Mohawk leader, British officer, brother of Molly Brant 1701:(Tyorhansera) at Fort Hunter, remained neutral throughout the war. 6884: 5013: 4943: 3771: 3659: 2424:(17th century), Mohawk war chief and diplomat from the Ohio Valley 2389: 2254: 2178: 2023: 1739: 595: 583: 427: 3422:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 25. 2098:

United States District Court for the Western District of New York

6879: 6874: 6482: 6373: 6368: 6363: 6358: 6348: 6321: 6316: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6260: 6255: 6245: 6193: 6183: 6171: 6166: 6161: 6156: 6151: 6146: 6136: 6104: 6087: 6082: 6077: 6072: 6067: 6062: 6057: 6052: 6040: 6035: 6025: 6020: 5911: 5906: 5881: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5651: 5641: 5616: 5611: 5606: 5601: 5591: 5581: 5576: 5561: 5556: 5551: 5546: 5541: 5536: 5531: 5526: 5516: 5509: 5504: 5496: 5486: 5457: 5452: 5442: 5432: 5422: 5412: 5407: 5402: 5392: 5387: 5377: 5263: 5245: 5139: 5132: 5128: 4959: 4852: 4834: 4776: 4746: 4728: 3039:

Joseph Mitchell, "The Mohawks in High Steel", in Edmund Wilson,

1769:, while most of those at the Lower Castle went to villages near 1034:, respectively. They also referred to the people by the generic 1007:, meaning "bear people". The Dutch heard and wrote this term as 6794: 6486: 5315: 4633: 3966: 3804: 2758:

Snow, Dean R.; Gehring, Charles T.; Starna, William A. (1996).

1924:

The work and home life of Mohawk ironworkers was documented in

1838:, also Rotisken’rakéhte in the Mohawk language, was founded in 1427:, named for the village of that name in the Mohawk Valley) and 5267: 5249: 5239: 5149: 5135: 5083: 5065: 5051: 4995: 4981: 4906: 4902: 4794: 4772: 4732: 2196: 1819:

with the United States, which allowed them to own land there.

1545: 1485:

During the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the Mohawk and

1177: 1049: 923: 142: 81: 40: 2482:(1600–c. 1640), wife of Dutch colonist Cornelius A. Van Slyck 1325:

While the Dutch later established settlements in present-day

3635:"— ganienkeh.net-- Information from the People of Ganienkeh" 3620: 3511: 2966:"Little Abraham Tyorhansera, Mohawk Indian, Wolf Clan Chief" 1236:

In the seventeenth century, the Mohawk encountered both the

3590: 3565: 2886:

The Earliest Recorded Description. The Mohawk Treaty with

2800:

The Bulletin and Journal of Archaeology for New York State

2113:

The main structures of social organization are the clans (

3720:

In Mohawk Country: Early Narratives about a Native People

3462:"Traditional Mohawk Nation Daily and Ceremonial Clothing" 2927:

The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America

2873:

In Mohawk Country: Early Narratives about a Native People

809:(Ganienkeh) "Place of the flint". Traditional governance. 3634: 3532: 1938:. The Mohawk community that formed in a compact area of 1869:

have been strained during certain protests, such as the

1721:, named her brother Henry Crogan as the new Tekarihoga. 1129:. The Mohawks had extended their own influence into the 2401:(1861–1913), poet, author, and public speaker from the 1404:

In 1666, the French attacked the Mohawk in the central

600:

Contemporary Quebec Kanienʼkehá꞉ka person performing a

3420:

The Death and Afterlife of the North American Martyrs

2418:(c. 1736–1796), Mohawk leader, sister of Joseph Brant 995:-speaking neighbors (and competitors), the people of 378:

Karihwiio, Kanohʼhonʼio, Kahniʼkwiʼio, Christianity,

2884:

William N. Fenton, Francis Jennings, Mary A. Druke:

6994: 6980: 6968: 6939: 6918: 6850: 6741: 6703: 6660: 6592: 6524: 6382: 5930: 5825: 5805: 5703: 5665: 5466: 5367: 5308: 5223: 5170: 5119: 4916: 4721: 4626: 4573: 4550: 4513: 4440: 4382: 4314: 4212: 4138: 4069: 4061: 4004: 3879: 3838: 1576:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1133:Valley, which they maintained for hunting grounds. 815:"Place of the washed pail". Traditional governance. 393: 372: 340: 328: 312: 307: 272: 173:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 2654:. Statistics Canada Statistique Canada. 7 May 2021 486:-speaking people with communities in southeastern 3942:Settlement of the northern shores of Lake Ontario 3587:"She꞉kon/Greetings – Mohawk Council of Akwesasne" 2094:Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution 6576: 3246:"The Associate Deputy Secretary of the Interior" 2007:, legislative and Canadian governmental values. 572:; and westward to the border with the Iroquoian 1849:On May 13, 1974, at 4:00 a.m, Mohawks from the 1792:where it discharges. Another Mohawk war chief, 1752:into battle against Americans. Norton was part 1890:. It marked a return to their ancestral land. 6806: 6498: 5327: 4645: 3978: 3816: 3336:"Mohawk Language Lessons 2017 Lesson 5 Clans" 2898:The History and Culture of Iroquois Diplomacy 1717:, a clan mother and wife of Mohawk war chief 1011:, and also referred to the Kanienʼkehá꞉ka as 544:in present-day upstate New York, west of the 502:. As one of the five original members of the 8: 2132: 2126: 2120: 2114: 1003:, referred to the people of Ka-nee-en Ka as 782: 445: 274: 266: 7045:Native American history of New York (state) 4676:This region includes the following cities: 3310:"Warren v. United States of America, et al" 1290:European contact resulted in a devastating 1084:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 958:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 452: 75:Learn how and when to remove these messages 7060:Native American tribes in New York (state) 6977: 6813: 6799: 6791: 6589: 6521: 6505: 6491: 6483: 5662: 5334: 5320: 5312: 4652: 4638: 4630: 4311: 4001: 3985: 3971: 3963: 3823: 3809: 3801: 3791:The Iroquois Book of Rites by Horatio Hale 3147:"The Mohawks Who Built Manhattan (Photos)" 3124:"Little Caughnawaga: To Brooklyn and Back" 1260:and Native Americans, seeking converts to 284: 265: 2794: 2792: 2464:(1816–1884), Mohawk chief and interpreter 2243:Learn how and when to remove this message 1973:buildings that were destroyed during the 1636:Learn how and when to remove this message 1224:Learn how and when to remove this message 1104:Learn how and when to remove this message 978:Learn how and when to remove this message 515:Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte First Nation 251:Learn how and when to remove this message 233:Learn how and when to remove this message 131:Learn how and when to remove this message 2045:United States Department of the Interior 1944:Little Caughnawaga: To Brooklyn and Back 1397:their allies in New England entered the 1026:colonists adapted these latter terms as 640: 27:Indigenous First Nation of North America 6953:James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement 3772:The Wampum Chronicles: Mohawk Territory 3358: 3356: 2753: 2751: 2749: 2639: 2619: 2436:(c. 1745–1811), Tyendinaga Mohawk chief 1148:On June 28, 1609, a band of Hurons led 564:and into Pennsylvania; eastward to the 7065:Native American tribes in Pennsylvania 4527:Culture in New York's Capital District 2810: 2808: 2707:National Museum of the American Indian 2681:National Museum of the American Indian 2403:Six Nations Reserve of the Grand River 2145:Traditional Mohawk religion is mostly 2069:, with some additional minor changes. 1956:National Museum of the American Indian 1530:(for the Mohawk). Johnson called the 548:. Their territory ranged north to the 4532:Sports in New York's Capital District 3103:from the original on 28 December 2010 2593:Native Americans in the United States 2259:Iroquois Mohawk named Sychnecta, 1764 1518:in New York (for the British Crown), 690: 7: 3460:Inglish, Patty (February 27, 2020). 3290:from the original on 6 February 2007 3217:from the original on 24 October 2017 3063:from the original on 1 November 2016 3043:(New York: Vintage, 1960), pp. 3–36. 2816:Mohawk Valley Archaeology: The Sites 2271:, or tied back into a single braid. 2225:adding citations to reliable sources 1732:, struggling to survive the winter. 1694:A few prominent Mohawk, such as the 1574:adding citations to reliable sources 1318:studies of the areas. For instance, 1206:adding citations to reliable sources 1117:First contact with European settlers 1082:adding citations to reliable sources 956:adding citations to reliable sources 910:Indigenous languages of the Americas 308:Regions with significant populations 171:adding citations to reliable sources 3717:; Charles T. Gehring, eds. (1996). 3486:Short Account of the Mohawk Indians 2674:"HAUDENOSAUNEE GUIDE FOR EDUCATORS" 2492:to ask for help fighting the French 706: 576:'s traditional homeland territory. 509:Today, Mohawk people belong to the 7050:Native American history of Vermont 3778:"Mohawk Institute", Geronimo Henry 3258:from the original on 27 March 2009 2030:, on the Akwesasne Reservation in 674: 658: 475:and the easternmost nation of the 25: 7055:Native American tribes in Vermont 6454:with extended nighttime coverage. 4565:List of colleges and universities 3660:"Kanatsiohareke Mohawk Community" 3399:from the original on May 28, 2015 3053:Nessen, Stephen (19 March 2012), 2976:from the original on July 1, 2016 2946:from the original on 7 April 2014 2929:, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994 2189:also preached among the Mohawks. 1166:. This incident also sparked the 820:Along the St Lawrence in Quebec: 756: 724: 624: 56:This article has multiple issues. 6774: 6760:Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany 6575: 4542:Roman Catholic Diocese of Albany 4060: 3695:. Boston: Blackwell Publishers. 3508:"Six Nations Of The Grand River" 2557: 2543: 2292:The Mohawk Nation people have a 2201: 1652:lived along the Mohawk River at 1550: 1182: 1054: 928: 755: 739: 723: 705: 689: 673: 657: 639: 623: 616: 443:, also known by their own name, 147: 86: 45: 4052:List of all incorporated places 3774:articles on history and culture 3666:from the original on 2007-10-18 3641:from the original on 2013-06-03 3611:Kahnawá:ke, Mohawk Council of. 3543:from the original on 2019-03-27 3433:Corwin, Edward Tanjore (1902). 3126:. National Film Board of Canada 3023:from the original on 2016-11-01 2862:"A Short History of the Mohawk" 2778:from the original on 2016-12-31 2212:needs additional citations for 2049:U.S. Department of the Interior 1796:, led a group of Mohawk to the 1561:needs additional citations for 1193:needs additional citations for 1136:The Mohawk likely defeated the 795:with notes on the character of 776:Contemporary Mohawk communities 158:needs additional citations for 64:or discuss these issues on the 3613:"Mohawk Council of Kahnawá:ke" 3251:. Washington. 4 January 2008. 3235:see C. 590 of the Laws of 2004 3175:Wallace, Vaughn (2012-09-11). 2729:"Kanyen'kéha: Mohawk Language" 2263:Historically, the traditional 2160:missionaries now known as the 2010:On October 15, 1993, Governor 1894:Mohawk ironworkers in New York 1778:Six Nations of the Grand River 527:Six Nations of the Grand River 1: 5830:by frequency & subchannel 3723:. Syracuse University Press. 3340:Kenhtè:ke nene kanyen’kehá:ka 3097:National Film Board of Canada 2764:. Syracuse University Press. 2177:as the first Native American 1930:National Film Board of Canada 1038:, a French derivation of the 740: 5205:Spectrum News Capital Region 3756:Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte 3745:Culture of the Haudenosaunee 2648:"Canada Census Profile 2021" 2428:Esther Louise Georgette Deer 2036:Indian Gaming Regulatory Act 1522:(on behalf of the colony of 1437:St. Regis Mohawk Reservation 6755:Episcopal Diocese of Albany 4665:New York's Capital District 4537:Episcopal Diocese of Albany 3205:ROSENBLATT (12 June 2003). 2820:Occasional Papers Number 23 2652:Census Profile, 2021 Census 2462:George Henry Martin Johnson 1882:Montgomery County, New York 906:Northern Iroquoian language 588:Kanienʼkehá:ka dancer at a 511:Mohawk Council of Akwesasne 479:, or Iroquois Confederacy. 106:. The specific problem is: 7091: 7070:People from New Netherland 1897: 1681:American Revolutionary War 1542:American Revolutionary War 535:federally recognized tribe 446: 404:Oneida Nation of Wisconsin 102:to meet Knowledge (XXG)'s 29: 6832: 6772: 6690:Timeline of town creation 6588: 6573: 6520: 6442: 4672: 4422:Timeline of town creation 4310: 4058: 4000: 3368:Haudenosaunee Confederacy 3122:Tarbell, Reaghan (2008). 3041:Apologies to the Iroquois 2997:American Monthly Magazine 2902:Syracuse University Press 2802:, 1985, vol. 90, pp. 1–39 2733:The Canadian Encyclopedia 2383:Notable historical Mohawk 2078:Sullivan County, New York 2056:New York Court of Appeals 1952:George Gustav Heye Center 1393:, as proof of his death. 999:("food area place"), the 408:Cayuga Nation of New York 400:Seneca Nation of New York 398: 377: 345: 283: 273: 7035:First Nations in Ontario 6940:Treaties and land claims 4560:List of school districts 4139:Medium-sized communities 531:Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe 7040:First Nations in Quebec 6947:Great Peace of Montreal 6926:Seven Nations of Canada 5098:WNGN-LD 38 / WNGX-LD 42 5016:, 25.2 Fun Roads, 25.3 4946:, 14.2 Fun Roads, 14.3 3418:Anderson, Emma (2013). 2970:Native Heritage Project 2551:New York (state) portal 2521:Grand River Six Nations 2486:Hendrick Tejonihokarawa 2334:Ohswé꞉ken (Six Nations) 2265:hairstyle of Mohawk men 2133: 2127: 2121: 2115: 1830:20th century to present 1536:diplomatic relationship 1423:(used to be spelled as 1138:St. Lawrence Iroquoians 783: 275: 36:Mohawk (disambiguation) 6852:Ethnolinguistic groups 6836:Northeastern Woodlands 6452:Clear-channel stations 6433:WXKW (850 AM, 1600 AM) 3832:League of the Iroquois 2405: 2346:Kenhtè꞉ke (Tyendinaga) 2260: 2054:On June 12, 2003, the 1979:One World Trade Center 1836:Mohawk Warrior Society 1761: 1689:Little Falls, New York 1506:During the era of the 900:, or its native name, 608: 593: 537:in the United States. 436: 34:. For other uses, see 32:Mohawk people (Oregon) 6969:Regional councils and 4667:and surrounding areas 4596:Glens Falls Post-Star 4142:(10,000 to 20,000 in 2940:"The Albany Congress" 2814:Dean R. Snow, (1995) 2598:Native American tribe 2393: 2258: 2040:New York State Police 1915:Empire State Building 1817:Treaty of Canandaigua 1765:Upper Castle fled to 1743: 1726:Sullivan's Expedition 1668:'s Warrensbush. Sir 1508:French and Indian War 1414:Auriesville, New York 1338:Johannes Megapolensis 1320:Johannes Megapolensis 599: 587: 523:Mohawks of Kanesatake 519:Mohawks of Kahnawà:ke 462:"People of the flint" 431: 394:Related ethnic groups 7075:Algonquian ethnonyms 6931:Iroquois Confederacy 6781:Hudson Valley portal 6685:Albany Plan of Union 6391:W47A/WBCA (101.1 FM) 4661:Broadcast television 4495:Adirondack Mountains 4427:Toponymies of places 4417:Albany Plan of Union 4216:(5,000 to 10,000 in 2573:Iroquois Confederacy 2565:Hudson Valley portal 2221:improve this article 1975:September 11 attacks 1867:national governments 1736:After the Revolution 1707:Continental Congress 1650:Province of New York 1570:improve this article 1528:Hendrick Theyanoguin 1202:improve this article 1078:improve this section 952:improve this section 797:community governance 773:class=notpageimage| 329:United States ( 167:improve this article 113:improve this article 6919:Historical polities 6525:Central communities 6463:Manchester, Vermont 5172:Cable-only stations 4722:Full-power stations 4610:Schenectady Gazette 4070:Largest communities 4005:Central communities 3211:www.law.cornell.edu 2904:, 1985, pp. 127–153 2896:, in Jennings ed., 2578:Iroquoian languages 2329:"). These include: 2109:Social organization 1993:Contemporary issues 1989:in September 2012. 1960:former Custom House 1744:Teyoninhokovrawen ( 1510:(also known as the 1150:Samuel De Champlain 803:Northern New York: 560:; south to greater 494:, primarily around 388:Indigenous Religion 269: 18:Kanien'kehá:ka 6822:Indigenous peoples 6733:Catskill Mountains 6457:2. Transmits from 6405:WCSQ-LP (105.9 FM) 5807:NOAA Weather Radio 5342:Radio stations in 4918:Low-power stations 4582:Albany Times Union 4505:Rensselaer Plateau 4500:Catskill Mountains 4293:Town of Stillwater 4243:Village of Colonie 3927:Great Law of Peace 3750:2019-04-14 at the 3488:, August 2017, 168 3093:Online documentary 2972:. 16 August 2012. 2867:2016-06-24 at the 2837:Smithsonian Source 2583:Kahnawake surnames 2452:E. Pauline Johnson 2406: 2395:E. Pauline Johnson 2323:Longhouse Religion 2315:Brantford, Ontario 2261: 2193:Traditional attire 2187:Godfridius Dellius 2156:In 1632 a band of 2151:Longhouse Religion 2082:Monticello Raceway 1971:World Trade Center 1762: 1256:were active among 1240:, who went up the 1131:St. Lawrence River 997:Muh-heck Haeek Ing 853:Southern Ontario: 609: 594: 580:Mohawk communities 550:St. Lawrence River 500:St. Lawrence River 437: 7012: 7011: 7008: 7007: 6788: 6787: 6768: 6767: 6728:Woodlawn Preserve 6584: 6583: 6480: 6479: 6476: 6475: 6472: 6471: 5801: 5800: 5304: 5303: 5190:NBC Sports Boston 4489:Woodlawn Preserve 4306: 4305: 4258:Town of Johnstown 4253:City of Johnstown 4228:Town of Amsterdam 4213:Small communities 4154:City of Amsterdam 3960: 3959: 3796:Project Gutenberg 3715:William A. Starna 3617:www.kahnawake.com 3395:. 10 March 2010. 3393:Cultural Survival 2761:In Mohawk Country 2703:"Meet the People" 2497:Kateri Tekakwitha 2253: 2252: 2245: 2171:Kateri Tekakwitha 1958:, located in the 1900:Mohawk skywalkers 1884:which they named 1863:Quebec Provincial 1703:Joseph Louis Cook 1656:. A few lived at 1646: 1645: 1638: 1620: 1458:King Philip's War 1443:Kateri Tekakwitha 1375:(1634–1638), the 1234: 1233: 1226: 1114: 1113: 1106: 988: 987: 980: 469:Indigenous people 426: 425: 261: 260: 253: 243: 242: 235: 217: 141: 140: 133: 104:quality standards 95:This article may 79: 16:(Redirected from 7082: 6995:Tribal Council 2 6981:Tribal Council 1 6978: 6834:Cultural areas: 6815: 6808: 6801: 6792: 6778: 6590: 6579: 6578: 6522: 6507: 6500: 6493: 6484: 6459:Equinox Mountain 6435: 6428: 6421: 6419:WGEO (shortwave) 6414: 6407: 6400: 6393: 5663: 5360:Capital District 5336: 5329: 5322: 5313: 5224:Defunct stations 5121:ATSC 3.0 digital 4713:cable television 4654: 4647: 4640: 4631: 4480:Albany Pine Bush 4312: 4221: 4147: 4130:Saratoga Springs 4078: 4073:(over 20,000 in 4064: 4063: 4002: 3994:Capital District 3987: 3980: 3973: 3964: 3932:Great Peacemaker 3825: 3818: 3811: 3802: 3734: 3706: 3675: 3674: 3672: 3671: 3656: 3650: 3649: 3647: 3646: 3631: 3625: 3624: 3619:. Archived from 3608: 3602: 3601: 3599: 3598: 3589:. Archived from 3583: 3577: 3576: 3574: 3573: 3564:. Archived from 3558: 3552: 3551: 3549: 3548: 3529: 3523: 3522: 3520: 3519: 3510:. Archived from 3504: 3498: 3495: 3489: 3482: 3476: 3475: 3473: 3472: 3457: 3451: 3450: 3430: 3424: 3423: 3415: 3409: 3408: 3406: 3404: 3385: 3379: 3378: 3376: 3374: 3360: 3351: 3350: 3348: 3346: 3332: 3326: 3325: 3323: 3321: 3316:on 1 August 2012 3312:. Archived from 3306: 3300: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3289: 3282: 3274: 3268: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3257: 3250: 3242: 3236: 3233: 3227: 3226: 3224: 3222: 3202: 3196: 3195: 3193: 3192: 3183:. Archived from 3172: 3166: 3165: 3163: 3162: 3153:. Archived from 3142: 3136: 3135: 3133: 3131: 3119: 3113: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3090: 3077: 3071: 3070: 3069: 3068: 3050: 3044: 3037: 3031: 3030: 3029: 3028: 3011: 3005: 3004: 2992: 2986: 2985: 2983: 2981: 2962: 2956: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2936: 2930: 2920: 2914: 2911: 2905: 2882: 2876: 2859: 2853: 2852: 2850: 2848: 2843:on June 11, 2016 2839:. Archived from 2829: 2823: 2812: 2803: 2796: 2787: 2786: 2784: 2783: 2755: 2744: 2743: 2741: 2739: 2724: 2718: 2717: 2715: 2713: 2699: 2693: 2692: 2690: 2688: 2678: 2670: 2664: 2663: 2661: 2659: 2644: 2627: 2624: 2567: 2562: 2561: 2553: 2548: 2547: 2546: 2376:Kanaʼtsioharà꞉ke 2248: 2241: 2237: 2234: 2228: 2205: 2197: 2162:Canadian Martyrs 2136: 2130: 2124: 2118: 2116:ken'tara'okòn:'a 1715:Catherine Crogan 1641: 1634: 1630: 1627: 1621: 1619: 1578: 1554: 1546: 1512:Seven Years' War 1491:Queen Anne's War 1356:, including the 1229: 1222: 1218: 1215: 1209: 1186: 1178: 1109: 1102: 1098: 1095: 1089: 1058: 1050: 983: 976: 972: 969: 963: 932: 924: 813:Kanaʼtsioharè:ke 787:), nominated by 786: 759: 758: 743: 742: 727: 726: 717: 709: 708: 693: 692: 677: 676: 661: 660: 651: 649:Kanaʼtsioharè꞉ke 643: 642: 627: 626: 620: 466: 463: 460: 457: 454: 449: 448: 416:Tuscarora Nation 288: 278: 270: 256: 249: 238: 231: 227: 224: 218: 216: 175: 151: 143: 136: 129: 125: 122: 116: 90: 89: 82: 71: 49: 48: 41: 21: 7090: 7089: 7085: 7084: 7083: 7081: 7080: 7079: 7015: 7014: 7013: 7004: 6990: 6970: 6964: 6959:Paix des Braves 6935: 6914: 6846: 6828: 6819: 6789: 6784: 6764: 6737: 6699: 6656: 6580: 6571: 6516: 6511: 6481: 6468: 6438: 6431: 6426:WTRI (102.7 FM) 6424: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6396: 6389: 6378: 5926: 5829: 5821: 5809: 5797: 5699: 5661: 5462: 5363: 5340: 5300: 5219: 5166: 5115: 4912: 4819:, 23.2 Capital 4717: 4710: 4693:Glens Falls, NY 4683:Schenectady, NY 4668: 4658: 4622: 4569: 4546: 4509: 4484:Rensselaer Lake 4436: 4407:Rensselaerswyck 4378: 4302: 4215: 4214: 4208: 4189:North Greenbush 4141: 4140: 4134: 4095:Town of Colonie 4072: 4071: 4065: 4056: 3996: 3991: 3961: 3956: 3875: 3834: 3829: 3752:Wayback Machine 3741: 3731: 3709: 3703: 3687: 3684: 3679: 3678: 3669: 3667: 3658: 3657: 3653: 3644: 3642: 3633: 3632: 3628: 3610: 3609: 3605: 3596: 3594: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3571: 3569: 3560: 3559: 3555: 3546: 3544: 3531: 3530: 3526: 3517: 3515: 3506: 3505: 3501: 3496: 3492: 3483: 3479: 3470: 3468: 3459: 3458: 3454: 3447: 3432: 3431: 3427: 3417: 3416: 3412: 3402: 3400: 3387: 3386: 3382: 3372: 3370: 3362: 3361: 3354: 3344: 3342: 3334: 3333: 3329: 3319: 3317: 3308: 3307: 3303: 3293: 3291: 3287: 3280: 3276: 3275: 3271: 3261: 3259: 3255: 3248: 3244: 3243: 3239: 3234: 3230: 3220: 3218: 3204: 3203: 3199: 3190: 3188: 3174: 3173: 3169: 3160: 3158: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3129: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3116: 3106: 3104: 3084: 3079: 3078: 3074: 3066: 3064: 3052: 3051: 3047: 3038: 3034: 3026: 3024: 3013: 3012: 3008: 2994: 2993: 2989: 2979: 2977: 2964: 2963: 2959: 2949: 2947: 2938: 2937: 2933: 2921: 2917: 2912: 2908: 2883: 2879: 2869:Wayback Machine 2860: 2856: 2846: 2844: 2831: 2830: 2826: 2813: 2806: 2797: 2790: 2781: 2779: 2772: 2757: 2756: 2747: 2737: 2735: 2727:Green, Jeremy. 2726: 2725: 2721: 2711: 2709: 2701: 2700: 2696: 2686: 2684: 2676: 2672: 2671: 2667: 2657: 2655: 2646: 2645: 2641: 2636: 2631: 2630: 2625: 2621: 2616: 2608:The Flying Head 2588:Mohawk language 2563: 2556: 2549: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2385: 2307: 2290: 2279:quills such as 2249: 2238: 2232: 2229: 2218: 2206: 2195: 2143: 2111: 2106: 2032:Franklin County 2000: 1995: 1964:Lower Manhattan 1902: 1896: 1832: 1788:to the head of 1738: 1670:William Johnson 1642: 1631: 1625: 1622: 1585:"Mohawk people" 1579: 1577: 1567: 1555: 1544: 1532:Albany Congress 1516:William Johnson 1468:of the warring 1230: 1219: 1213: 1210: 1199: 1187: 1176: 1119: 1110: 1099: 1093: 1090: 1075: 1059: 1048: 984: 973: 967: 964: 949: 933: 922: 898:Mohawk language 894: 799:found in each. 779: 778: 777: 775: 769: 768: 767: 766: 760: 752: 751: 750: 744: 736: 735: 734: 728: 720: 719: 718: 713: 710: 702: 701: 700: 694: 686: 685: 684: 678: 670: 669: 668: 662: 654: 653: 652: 647: 644: 636: 635: 634: 628: 582: 566:Green Mountains 504:Iroquois League 464: 461: 458: 455: 412:Onondaga Nation 358: 303: 279: 268: 264: 257: 246: 245: 244: 239: 228: 222: 219: 182:"Mohawk people" 176: 174: 164: 152: 137: 126: 120: 117: 110: 91: 87: 50: 46: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 7088: 7086: 7078: 7077: 7072: 7067: 7062: 7057: 7052: 7047: 7042: 7037: 7032: 7027: 7017: 7016: 7010: 7009: 7006: 7005: 7003: 7002: 6998: 6996: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6988: 6984: 6982: 6975: 6966: 6965: 6963: 6962: 6956: 6950: 6943: 6941: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6933: 6928: 6922: 6920: 6916: 6915: 6913: 6912: 6907: 6902: 6897: 6892: 6887: 6882: 6877: 6872: 6867: 6862: 6856: 6854: 6848: 6847: 6833: 6830: 6829: 6820: 6818: 6817: 6810: 6803: 6795: 6786: 6785: 6773: 6770: 6769: 6766: 6765: 6763: 6762: 6757: 6751: 6749: 6739: 6738: 6736: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6720: 6715: 6709: 6707: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6697: 6692: 6687: 6682: 6677: 6672: 6666: 6664: 6658: 6657: 6655: 6654: 6649: 6644: 6639: 6634: 6629: 6624: 6619: 6614: 6609: 6604: 6598: 6596: 6586: 6585: 6582: 6581: 6574: 6572: 6570: 6569: 6564: 6559: 6554: 6549: 6544: 6539: 6534: 6528: 6526: 6518: 6517: 6512: 6510: 6509: 6502: 6495: 6487: 6478: 6477: 6474: 6473: 6470: 6469: 6467: 6466: 6455: 6448: 6443: 6440: 6439: 6437: 6436: 6429: 6422: 6415: 6412:WDCD (1540 AM) 6408: 6401: 6394: 6386: 6384: 6380: 6379: 6377: 6376: 6371: 6366: 6361: 6356: 6351: 6346: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6313: 6312: 6302: 6297: 6292: 6287: 6282: 6277: 6276: 6275: 6265: 6264: 6263: 6253: 6248: 6243: 6238: 6233: 6228: 6223: 6218: 6213: 6208: 6203: 6198: 6197: 6196: 6186: 6181: 6176: 6175: 6174: 6164: 6159: 6154: 6149: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6123: 6122: 6112: 6107: 6102: 6101: 6100: 6090: 6085: 6080: 6075: 6070: 6065: 6060: 6055: 6050: 6045: 6044: 6043: 6033: 6028: 6023: 6018: 6013: 6008: 6003: 5998: 5993: 5988: 5983: 5978: 5973: 5968: 5963: 5958: 5953: 5948: 5943: 5937: 5935: 5928: 5927: 5925: 5924: 5919: 5914: 5909: 5904: 5899: 5894: 5889: 5884: 5879: 5874: 5869: 5864: 5859: 5854: 5849: 5844: 5839: 5833: 5831: 5823: 5822: 5820: 5819: 5813: 5811: 5803: 5802: 5799: 5798: 5796: 5795: 5790: 5789: 5788: 5783: 5775: 5770: 5765: 5760: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5720: 5715: 5709: 5707: 5701: 5700: 5698: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5660: 5659: 5654: 5649: 5644: 5639: 5634: 5629: 5624: 5619: 5614: 5609: 5604: 5599: 5594: 5589: 5584: 5579: 5574: 5569: 5564: 5559: 5554: 5549: 5544: 5539: 5534: 5529: 5524: 5519: 5514: 5513: 5512: 5507: 5499: 5494: 5489: 5484: 5479: 5473: 5471: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5460: 5455: 5450: 5445: 5440: 5435: 5430: 5425: 5420: 5415: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5395: 5390: 5385: 5380: 5374: 5372: 5365: 5364: 5341: 5339: 5338: 5331: 5324: 5316: 5310: 5306: 5305: 5302: 5301: 5299: 5298: 5284: 5275: 5261: 5243: 5233: 5227: 5225: 5221: 5220: 5218: 5217: 5212: 5207: 5202: 5197: 5192: 5187: 5182: 5176: 5174: 5168: 5167: 5165: 5164: 5125: 5123: 5117: 5116: 5114: 5113: 5095: 5077: 5070:Pittsfield, MA 5059: 5045: 5007: 4989: 4975: 4937: 4922: 4920: 4914: 4913: 4911: 4910: 4868: 4850: 4832: 4810: 4788: 4766: 4744: 4725: 4723: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4715: 4708:Manchester, VT 4705: 4703:Bennington, VT 4700: 4698:Pittsfield, MA 4695: 4690: 4685: 4680: 4673: 4670: 4669: 4659: 4657: 4656: 4649: 4642: 4634: 4628: 4624: 4623: 4621: 4620: 4613: 4606: 4603:The Saratogian 4599: 4592: 4585: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4570: 4568: 4567: 4562: 4556: 4554: 4548: 4547: 4545: 4544: 4539: 4534: 4529: 4523: 4521: 4511: 4510: 4508: 4507: 4502: 4497: 4492: 4486: 4477: 4472: 4467: 4462: 4457: 4446: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4435: 4434: 4429: 4424: 4419: 4414: 4409: 4404: 4399: 4394: 4388: 4386: 4380: 4379: 4377: 4376: 4371: 4366: 4361: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4326: 4320: 4318: 4308: 4307: 4304: 4303: 4301: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4240: 4235: 4230: 4224: 4222: 4210: 4209: 4207: 4206: 4201: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4181: 4176: 4171: 4169:East Greenbush 4166: 4161: 4156: 4150: 4148: 4136: 4135: 4133: 4132: 4127: 4122: 4117: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4097: 4092: 4087: 4081: 4079: 4067: 4066: 4059: 4057: 4055: 4054: 4049: 4039: 4029: 4023: 4018: 4008: 4006: 3998: 3997: 3992: 3990: 3989: 3982: 3975: 3967: 3958: 3957: 3955: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3883: 3881: 3877: 3876: 3874: 3873: 3868: 3863: 3858: 3853: 3848: 3842: 3840: 3836: 3835: 3830: 3828: 3827: 3820: 3813: 3805: 3799: 3798: 3787: 3781: 3775: 3769: 3762:Akwesasne News 3759: 3740: 3739:External links 3737: 3736: 3735: 3729: 3707: 3701: 3683: 3680: 3677: 3676: 3651: 3626: 3623:on 2013-09-06. 3603: 3578: 3553: 3524: 3499: 3490: 3477: 3452: 3445: 3425: 3410: 3380: 3352: 3327: 3301: 3269: 3237: 3228: 3197: 3167: 3137: 3114: 3072: 3045: 3032: 3006: 3003:: 12, 273–284. 2987: 2957: 2931: 2915: 2906: 2877: 2854: 2824: 2804: 2788: 2770: 2745: 2719: 2694: 2665: 2638: 2637: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2628: 2618: 2617: 2615: 2612: 2611: 2610: 2605: 2600: 2595: 2590: 2585: 2580: 2575: 2569: 2568: 2554: 2538: 2535: 2534: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2517: 2516: 2511: 2501: 2500: 2493: 2483: 2477: 2471: 2465: 2459: 2449: 2443: 2437: 2434:John Deseronto 2431: 2425: 2419: 2413: 2384: 2381: 2380: 2379: 2373: 2367: 2361: 2355: 2349: 2343: 2337: 2311:Kanata Village 2306: 2303: 2289: 2286: 2251: 2250: 2209: 2207: 2200: 2194: 2191: 2142: 2139: 2110: 2107: 2105: 2102: 1999: 1996: 1994: 1991: 1895: 1892: 1887:Kanatsiohareke 1831: 1828: 1794:John Deseronto 1737: 1734: 1699:Little Abraham 1644: 1643: 1626:September 2022 1558: 1556: 1549: 1543: 1540: 1501:Deerfield raid 1281:New Netherland 1232: 1231: 1214:September 2022 1190: 1188: 1181: 1175: 1172: 1118: 1115: 1112: 1111: 1094:September 2022 1062: 1060: 1053: 1047: 1044: 986: 985: 968:September 2022 936: 934: 927: 921: 918: 912:, Mohawk is a 893: 890: 879: 878: 877: 876: 866: 860: 851: 850: 849: 843: 833: 827: 818: 817: 816: 810: 771: 770: 762: 761: 754: 753: 746: 745: 738: 737: 730: 729: 722: 721: 712: 711: 704: 703: 696: 695: 688: 687: 680: 679: 672: 671: 664: 663: 656: 655: 646: 645: 638: 637: 630: 629: 622: 621: 615: 614: 613: 606:Wikimania 2017 581: 578: 492:New York State 482:Mohawk are an 447:Kanien'kehà:ka 424: 423: 396: 395: 391: 390: 375: 374: 370: 369: 343: 342: 338: 337: 334: 326: 325: 322: 310: 309: 305: 304: 300:Gilbert Stuart 289: 281: 280: 276:Kanienʼkehá꞉ka 262: 259: 258: 241: 240: 223:September 2024 155: 153: 146: 139: 138: 94: 92: 85: 80: 54: 53: 51: 44: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7087: 7076: 7073: 7071: 7068: 7066: 7063: 7061: 7058: 7056: 7053: 7051: 7048: 7046: 7043: 7041: 7038: 7036: 7033: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7025:Mohawk people 7023: 7022: 7020: 7000: 6999: 6997: 6993: 6986: 6985: 6983: 6979: 6976: 6973: 6967: 6960: 6957: 6954: 6951: 6948: 6945: 6944: 6942: 6938: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6921: 6917: 6911: 6908: 6906: 6903: 6901: 6898: 6896: 6893: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6883: 6881: 6878: 6876: 6873: 6871: 6868: 6866: 6863: 6861: 6858: 6857: 6855: 6853: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6837: 6831: 6827: 6823: 6816: 6811: 6809: 6804: 6802: 6797: 6796: 6793: 6783: 6782: 6777: 6771: 6761: 6758: 6756: 6753: 6752: 6750: 6748: 6744: 6740: 6734: 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6719: 6716: 6714: 6711: 6710: 6708: 6706: 6702: 6696: 6693: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6681: 6678: 6676: 6673: 6671: 6668: 6667: 6665: 6663: 6659: 6653: 6650: 6648: 6645: 6643: 6640: 6638: 6635: 6633: 6630: 6628: 6625: 6623: 6620: 6618: 6615: 6613: 6610: 6608: 6605: 6603: 6600: 6599: 6597: 6595: 6591: 6587: 6568: 6565: 6563: 6560: 6558: 6555: 6553: 6550: 6548: 6545: 6543: 6540: 6538: 6535: 6533: 6530: 6529: 6527: 6523: 6519: 6515: 6514:Hudson Valley 6508: 6503: 6501: 6496: 6494: 6489: 6488: 6485: 6464: 6460: 6456: 6453: 6449: 6446: 6445: 6441: 6434: 6430: 6427: 6423: 6420: 6416: 6413: 6409: 6406: 6402: 6399: 6398:WCKL (560 AM) 6395: 6392: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6375: 6372: 6370: 6367: 6365: 6362: 6360: 6357: 6355: 6352: 6350: 6347: 6345: 6342: 6338: 6335: 6334: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6311: 6308: 6307: 6306: 6303: 6301: 6298: 6296: 6293: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6281: 6278: 6274: 6271: 6270: 6269: 6266: 6262: 6259: 6258: 6257: 6254: 6252: 6249: 6247: 6244: 6242: 6239: 6237: 6234: 6232: 6229: 6227: 6224: 6222: 6219: 6217: 6214: 6212: 6209: 6207: 6204: 6202: 6199: 6195: 6192: 6191: 6190: 6187: 6185: 6182: 6180: 6177: 6173: 6170: 6169: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6158: 6155: 6153: 6150: 6148: 6145: 6143: 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6121: 6118: 6117: 6116: 6113: 6111: 6108: 6106: 6103: 6099: 6096: 6095: 6094: 6091: 6089: 6086: 6084: 6081: 6079: 6076: 6074: 6071: 6069: 6066: 6064: 6061: 6059: 6056: 6054: 6051: 6049: 6046: 6042: 6039: 6038: 6037: 6034: 6032: 6029: 6027: 6024: 6022: 6019: 6017: 6014: 6012: 6009: 6007: 6004: 6002: 5999: 5997: 5994: 5992: 5989: 5987: 5984: 5982: 5979: 5977: 5974: 5972: 5969: 5967: 5964: 5962: 5959: 5957: 5954: 5952: 5949: 5947: 5944: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5934: 5929: 5923: 5920: 5918: 5915: 5913: 5910: 5908: 5905: 5903: 5900: 5898: 5895: 5893: 5890: 5888: 5885: 5883: 5880: 5878: 5875: 5873: 5870: 5868: 5865: 5863: 5860: 5858: 5855: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5845: 5843: 5840: 5838: 5835: 5834: 5832: 5828: 5827:Digital radio 5824: 5818: 5815: 5814: 5812: 5808: 5804: 5794: 5791: 5787: 5784: 5782: 5779: 5778: 5776: 5774: 5771: 5769: 5766: 5764: 5761: 5759: 5756: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5726: 5724: 5721: 5719: 5716: 5714: 5711: 5710: 5708: 5706: 5702: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5672: 5670: 5668: 5664: 5658: 5655: 5653: 5650: 5648: 5645: 5643: 5640: 5638: 5635: 5633: 5630: 5628: 5625: 5623: 5620: 5618: 5615: 5613: 5610: 5608: 5605: 5603: 5600: 5598: 5595: 5593: 5590: 5588: 5585: 5583: 5580: 5578: 5575: 5573: 5570: 5568: 5565: 5563: 5560: 5558: 5555: 5553: 5550: 5548: 5545: 5543: 5540: 5538: 5535: 5533: 5530: 5528: 5525: 5523: 5520: 5518: 5515: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5502: 5500: 5498: 5495: 5493: 5490: 5488: 5485: 5483: 5480: 5478: 5475: 5474: 5472: 5470: 5465: 5459: 5456: 5454: 5451: 5449: 5446: 5444: 5441: 5439: 5436: 5434: 5431: 5429: 5426: 5424: 5421: 5419: 5416: 5414: 5411: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5399: 5396: 5394: 5391: 5389: 5386: 5384: 5381: 5379: 5376: 5375: 5373: 5371: 5366: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5345: 5337: 5332: 5330: 5325: 5323: 5318: 5317: 5314: 5311: 5307: 5296: 5292: 5288: 5285: 5282: 5279: 5276: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5262: 5259: 5255: 5251: 5247: 5244: 5242:, cable-only) 5241: 5237: 5234: 5232: 5229: 5228: 5226: 5222: 5216: 5213: 5211: 5208: 5206: 5203: 5201: 5198: 5196: 5193: 5191: 5188: 5186: 5185:MSG Sportsnet 5183: 5181: 5178: 5177: 5175: 5173: 5169: 5162: 5158: 5155: 5151: 5148: 5144: 5141: 5137: 5134: 5130: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5118: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5096: 5093: 5089: 5085: 5081: 5078: 5075: 5071: 5067: 5063: 5060: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5048:WNYT (DRT) 28 5046: 5043: 5039: 5035: 5031: 5027: 5023: 5019: 5015: 5011: 5008: 5005: 5001: 4997: 4993: 4990: 4987: 4983: 4979: 4978:WNYT (DRT) 21 4976: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4938: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4924: 4923: 4921: 4919: 4915: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4869: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4851: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4833: 4830: 4826: 4822: 4818: 4814: 4811: 4808: 4804: 4800: 4796: 4792: 4789: 4786: 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3819: 3814: 3812: 3807: 3806: 3803: 3797: 3793: 3792: 3788: 3785: 3782: 3780:archived site 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3763: 3760: 3757: 3753: 3749: 3746: 3743: 3742: 3738: 3732: 3730:9780815604105 3726: 3722: 3721: 3716: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3702:1-55786-938-3 3698: 3694: 3690: 3689:Snow, Dean R. 3686: 3685: 3681: 3665: 3661: 3655: 3652: 3640: 3636: 3630: 3627: 3622: 3618: 3614: 3607: 3604: 3593:on 2007-12-26 3592: 3588: 3582: 3579: 3568:on 2007-09-28 3567: 3563: 3557: 3554: 3542: 3538: 3534: 3528: 3525: 3514:on 2016-01-28 3513: 3509: 3503: 3500: 3494: 3491: 3487: 3481: 3478: 3467: 3463: 3456: 3453: 3448: 3446:9780524060162 3442: 3438: 3437: 3429: 3426: 3421: 3414: 3411: 3398: 3394: 3390: 3384: 3381: 3369: 3365: 3364:"Clan System" 3359: 3357: 3353: 3341: 3337: 3331: 3328: 3315: 3311: 3305: 3302: 3286: 3279: 3273: 3270: 3254: 3247: 3241: 3238: 3232: 3229: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3201: 3198: 3187:on 2012-09-15 3186: 3182: 3178: 3171: 3168: 3157:on 2017-10-22 3156: 3152: 3148: 3145:Wolf, White. 3141: 3138: 3125: 3118: 3115: 3102: 3098: 3094: 3088: 3083: 3076: 3073: 3062: 3058: 3057: 3049: 3046: 3042: 3036: 3033: 3022: 3018: 3017: 3010: 3007: 3002: 2998: 2991: 2988: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2961: 2958: 2945: 2941: 2935: 2932: 2928: 2924: 2919: 2916: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2893: 2889: 2881: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2866: 2863: 2858: 2855: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2821: 2817: 2811: 2809: 2805: 2801: 2795: 2793: 2789: 2777: 2773: 2771:0-8156-2723-8 2767: 2763: 2762: 2754: 2752: 2750: 2746: 2734: 2730: 2723: 2720: 2708: 2704: 2698: 2695: 2682: 2675: 2669: 2666: 2653: 2649: 2643: 2640: 2633: 2623: 2620: 2613: 2609: 2606: 2604: 2601: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2591: 2589: 2586: 2584: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2574: 2571: 2570: 2566: 2560: 2555: 2552: 2541: 2536: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2518: 2515: 2514:Bay of Quinte 2512: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2504: 2498: 2494: 2491: 2487: 2484: 2481: 2478: 2475: 2472: 2469: 2466: 2463: 2460: 2457: 2453: 2450: 2447: 2446:Karonghyontye 2444: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2420: 2417: 2414: 2411: 2408: 2407: 2404: 2400: 2396: 2392: 2388: 2382: 2377: 2374: 2371: 2368: 2365: 2362: 2359: 2358:Kaʼnehsatà꞉ke 2356: 2353: 2350: 2347: 2344: 2341: 2338: 2335: 2332: 2331: 2330: 2328: 2327:Handsome Lake 2325:(or "Code of 2324: 2320: 2316: 2312: 2304: 2302: 2300: 2295: 2287: 2285: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2270: 2266: 2257: 2247: 2244: 2236: 2233:December 2012 2226: 2222: 2216: 2215: 2210:This section 2208: 2204: 2199: 2198: 2192: 2190: 2188: 2184: 2180: 2176: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2154: 2152: 2148: 2140: 2138: 2135: 2131:), and Wolf ( 2129: 2123: 2117: 2108: 2103: 2101: 2099: 2095: 2089: 2087: 2086:Eliot Spitzer 2083: 2079: 2075: 2070: 2068: 2067: 2066:nunc pro tunc 2062: 2061:George Pataki 2057: 2052: 2050: 2046: 2041: 2037: 2033: 2029: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2013: 2008: 2006: 1997: 1992: 1990: 1988: 1986: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1967: 1965: 1961: 1957: 1953: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1931: 1927: 1922: 1920: 1916: 1911: 1907: 1906:New York City 1901: 1893: 1891: 1889: 1888: 1883: 1879: 1874: 1872: 1868: 1864: 1859: 1856: 1852: 1847: 1845: 1841: 1837: 1834:In 1971, the 1829: 1827: 1825: 1820: 1818: 1813: 1811: 1807: 1803: 1799: 1798:Bay of Quinte 1795: 1791: 1787: 1783: 1779: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1759: 1755: 1751: 1747: 1742: 1735: 1733: 1731: 1727: 1722: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1708: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1692: 1690: 1686: 1682: 1677: 1675: 1671: 1667: 1663: 1659: 1655: 1651: 1640: 1637: 1629: 1618: 1615: 1611: 1608: 1604: 1601: 1597: 1594: 1590: 1587: – 1586: 1582: 1581:Find sources: 1575: 1571: 1565: 1564: 1559:This article 1557: 1553: 1548: 1547: 1541: 1539: 1537: 1533: 1529: 1525: 1521: 1520:Conrad Weiser 1517: 1513: 1509: 1504: 1502: 1497: 1492: 1488: 1483: 1481: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1467: 1463: 1459: 1454: 1452: 1448: 1444: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1422: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1407: 1402: 1400: 1394: 1392: 1391:John Winthrop 1388: 1385: 1384: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1363: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1342: 1339: 1334: 1332: 1328: 1323: 1321: 1317: 1316:archeological 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1288: 1286: 1282: 1278: 1274: 1270: 1265: 1263: 1259: 1258:First Nations 1255: 1252: 1248: 1243: 1239: 1228: 1225: 1217: 1207: 1203: 1197: 1196: 1191:This section 1189: 1185: 1180: 1179: 1173: 1171: 1169: 1165: 1160: 1156: 1151: 1146: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1132: 1128: 1124: 1116: 1108: 1105: 1097: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1073: 1072: 1068: 1063:This section 1061: 1057: 1052: 1051: 1045: 1043: 1041: 1037: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1018: 1014: 1010: 1006: 1002: 998: 994: 982: 979: 971: 961: 957: 953: 947: 946: 942: 937:This section 935: 931: 926: 925: 919: 917: 915: 914:polysynthetic 911: 907: 903: 899: 891: 889: 887: 886: 874: 873:Orange Lodges 870: 867: 864: 861: 858: 855: 854: 852: 847: 844: 841: 837: 834: 831: 828: 825: 822: 821: 819: 814: 811: 808: 805: 804: 802: 801: 800: 798: 793: 790: 785: 774: 765: 749: 733: 716: 699: 698:Kaʼnehsatà꞉ke 683: 667: 650: 633: 619: 612: 607: 603: 598: 591: 586: 579: 577: 575: 574:Oneida Nation 571: 567: 563: 559: 555: 551: 547: 543: 538: 536: 532: 528: 524: 520: 516: 512: 507: 505: 501: 497: 493: 490:and northern 489: 485: 480: 478: 477:Haudenosaunee 474: 473:North America 470: 450: 442: 435: 430: 421: 417: 413: 409: 405: 401: 397: 392: 389: 385: 384:Handsome Lake 381: 376: 371: 368: 364: 361: 356: 352: 348: 344: 339: 335: 332: 327: 323: 320: 316: 313:Canada ( 311: 306: 301: 297: 293: 292:Thayendanegea 287: 282: 277: 271: 255: 252: 237: 234: 226: 215: 212: 208: 205: 201: 198: 194: 191: 187: 184: – 183: 179: 178:Find sources: 172: 168: 162: 161: 156:This article 154: 150: 145: 144: 135: 132: 124: 114: 109: 105: 101: 100: 93: 84: 83: 78: 76: 69: 68: 63: 62: 57: 52: 43: 42: 37: 33: 19: 6899: 6779: 6718:Mohawk River 6713:Hudson River 6669: 6562:White Plains 6552:Poughkeepsie 6542:New Rochelle 6537:Mount Vernon 5469:FM frequency 5370:AM frequency 5000:Gloversville 4895:Scripps News 4615: 4608: 4601: 4594: 4587: 4580: 4460:Mohawk River 4450:Hudson River 4391: 4273:New Scotland 4233:Ballston 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Snow 3693:The Iroquois 3692: 3682:Bibliography 3668:. Retrieved 3654: 3643:. Retrieved 3629: 3621:the original 3616: 3606: 3595:. Retrieved 3591:the original 3581: 3570:. Retrieved 3566:the original 3556: 3545:. Retrieved 3537:www.wahta.ca 3536: 3527: 3516:. Retrieved 3512:the original 3502: 3493: 3485: 3480: 3469:. Retrieved 3465: 3455: 3435: 3428: 3419: 3413: 3401:. Retrieved 3392: 3383: 3371:. Retrieved 3367: 3343:. Retrieved 3339: 3330: 3318:. Retrieved 3314:the original 3304: 3292:. Retrieved 3272: 3260:. Retrieved 3240: 3231: 3219:. Retrieved 3210: 3200: 3189:. Retrieved 3185:the original 3180: 3170: 3159:. Retrieved 3155:the original 3150: 3140: 3128:. Retrieved 3117: 3105:. Retrieved 3092: 3082:"High Steel" 3075: 3065:, retrieved 3055: 3048: 3040: 3035: 3025:, retrieved 3015: 3009: 3000: 2996: 2990: 2978:. Retrieved 2969: 2960: 2948:. Retrieved 2934: 2926: 2918: 2909: 2897: 2892:Three Rivers 2885: 2880: 2872: 2857: 2845:. Retrieved 2841:the original 2836: 2827: 2819: 2815: 2799: 2780:. Retrieved 2760: 2736:. Retrieved 2732: 2722: 2710:. Retrieved 2697: 2685:. Retrieved 2668: 2656:. Retrieved 2651: 2642: 2622: 2531:Kanehsatà:ke 2502: 2474:Oronhyatekha 2456:Tekahionwake 2410:Joseph Brant 2399:Tekahionwake 2386: 2308: 2298: 2291: 2276:breech cloth 2273: 2262: 2239: 2230: 2219:Please help 2214:verification 2211: 2166:Isaac Jogues 2155: 2144: 2112: 2090: 2071: 2064: 2053: 2009: 2001: 1983: 1968: 1943: 1933: 1932:documentary 1923: 1903: 1885: 1875: 1860: 1848: 1833: 1821: 1814: 1775: 1767:Fort Niagara 1763: 1730:Fort Niagara 1723: 1719:Joseph Brant 1693: 1685:Joseph Brant 1678: 1666:Peter Warren 1647: 1632: 1623: 1613: 1606: 1599: 1592: 1580: 1568:Please help 1563:verification 1560: 1524:Pennsylvania 1505: 1484: 1477: 1465: 1455: 1441: 1424: 1418: 1403: 1395: 1381: 1370: 1362:Huron-Wendat 1343: 1335: 1324: 1312:Tionontoguen 1300:Isaac Jogues 1289: 1273:trading post 1266: 1254:missionaries 1242:Hudson River 1235: 1220: 1211: 1200:Please help 1195:verification 1192: 1147: 1135: 1120: 1100: 1091: 1076:Please help 1064: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1021: 1016: 1012: 1008: 1004: 996: 989: 974: 965: 950:Please help 938: 908:. 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