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When a sample (leaf or algal suspension) is illuminated, the fluorescence intensity increases with a time constant in the microsecond or millisecond range. After a few seconds the intensity decreases and reaches a steady-state level. The initial rise of the fluorescence intensity is attributed to the
131:. Non-photochemical quenching is a protection mechanism in photosynthetic organisms as they have to avoid the adverse effect of excess light. Which components contribute and in which quantities remains an active but controversial area of research. It is known that
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is the maximum fluorescence that can be obtained from a sample by measuring the highest intensity of fluorescence after a saturating flash. The difference between the measured values is the variable fluorescence
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increases with the time of illumination, with a corresponding increase of the fluorescence intensity. The slow decrease of the fluorescence intensity at later times is caused, in addition to other processes, by
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The quantum yield of photosynthesis, which is also the photochemical quenching of fluorescence, is calculated through the following equation:
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is the low fluorescence intensity, which is measured by a short light flash that is not strong enough to cause
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displays characteristic changes in intensity accompanying the induction of photosynthetic activity.
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When dark-adapted photosynthesising cells are illuminated with continuous light,
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Govindjee (1995). "Sixty-three years since
Kautsky chlorophyll a fluorescence".
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Kautsky H., Hirsch A. (1931). "Neue
Versuche zur Kohlensäureassimilation".
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Biochimica et
Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics
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