42:
66:
250:. Although the highest diversity is in North America, the oldest members are in Asia and Africa, suggesting an Old World origin for the group. Most species are semiaquatic and feed on fish and amphibians, although a few are semifossorial or leaf-litter snakes that feed on invertebrates. Most species are harmless to humans, but a few (e.g.,
805:. Smithsonian Herpetological Information Service #76. Washington, D.C.: Division of Amphibians and Reptiles, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution.
1105:
1041:
897:
849:
1028:
850:"The phylogeny of advanced snakes (Colubroidea), with discovery of a new subfamily and comparison of support methods for likelihood trees"
280:) are capable of inflicting life-threatening bites to humans, though they have only enlarged, ungrooved fangs in the back of the mouth.
835:
329:
930:
1067:
262:) are capable of inflicting bites that can result in local, non-life-threatening symptoms, and at least two members of the genus
1033:
535:
442:
468:
65:
1100:
1046:
599:
531:
472:
455:
152:
826:
Venomous Bites from Non-Venomous Snakes: A Critical
Analysis of Risk and Management of "Colubrid" Snake Bites
498:
438:
942:
276:
41:
880:
539:
1054:
350:
1072:
1002:
242:
194:
316:
1095:
389:
376:
270:
252:
543:
312:
293:
258:
60:
337:
1059:
989:
926:
872:
831:
806:
665:
485:
864:
766:
640:
586:
425:
402:
980:
918:
914:
233:
743:
650:
627:
571:
333:
1089:
753:
683:
632:
617:
516:
345:
229:
210:
994:
776:
733:
723:
581:
506:
363:
358:
202:
824:
Weinstein, Scott A.; Warrell, David A.; White, Julian; Keyler, Daniel E. (2011).
1015:
974:
868:
758:
493:
480:
179:
965:
713:
693:
660:
307:
289:
264:
237:
137:
49:
810:
551:
526:
410:
324:
247:
77:
876:
959:
703:
673:
561:
463:
384:
371:
117:
97:
17:
607:
397:
198:
107:
1020:
698:
Giri, Gower, Das, Lalremsanga, Lalronunga, Captain & Deepak, 2019
594:
450:
433:
420:
225:
217:
182:
87:
936:
190:
127:
1007:
221:
940:
803:
Snakes of Burma: Checklist of reported species and bibliography
193:. Members include many very common snake species, such as the
925:. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman and Company. xi + 378 pp.
205:. Some Old World members of the subfamily are known as
949:
801:Dowling, Herndon G.; Jenner, Janann V. (1988).
288:They are recognised as a sister group of the
209:, because their dorsal scales exhibit strong
8:
688:Patel, Thackeray, Campbell & Mirza, 2023
898:"Blythia reticulata | The Reptile Database"
937:
923:Introduction to Herpetology, Third Edition
40:
31:
848:Pyron, R. Alexander; et al. (2011).
793:
1106:Taxa named by Charles Lucien Bonaparte
857:Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution
185:, sometimes referred to as a family (
7:
25:
64:
216:Natricine snakes are found in
189:). The subfamily comprises 36
1:
933:. (Natricinae, p. 326).
869:10.1016/j.ympev.2010.11.006
1122:
197:, and the North American
165:
160:
61:Scientific classification
59:
48:
39:
34:
771:Baird & Girard, 1853
708:Baird & Girard, 1853
655:Baird & Girard, 1853
612:Baird & Girard, 1853
1055:Paleobiology Database
195:European grass snakes
243:Tropidonophis mairii
240:. A single species,
828:. London: Elsevier.
253:Thamnophis sirtalis
178:are a subfamily of
27:Subfamily of snakes
917:; Goin, Olive B.;
886:on 3 October 2013.
645:Van Denburgh, 1909
294:Pseudoxenodontinae
259:Thamnophis elegans
1101:Snake subfamilies
1083:
1082:
943:Taxon identifiers
172:
171:
156:
54:Natrix tessellata
16:(Redirected from
1113:
1076:
1075:
1063:
1062:
1050:
1049:
1037:
1036:
1024:
1023:
1011:
1010:
998:
997:
985:
984:
983:
970:
969:
968:
938:
915:Goin, Coleman J.
902:
901:
894:
888:
887:
885:
879:. Archived from
854:
845:
839:
829:
821:
815:
814:
798:
782:
772:
762:
749:
739:
729:
719:
709:
699:
689:
679:
669:
656:
646:
641:Pseudagkistrodon
636:
623:
613:
603:
590:
577:
567:
557:
547:
522:
512:
502:
489:
476:
459:
446:
429:
416:
406:
393:
380:
367:
354:
341:
320:
236:as far south as
151:
69:
68:
44:
32:
21:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1111:
1110:
1086:
1085:
1084:
1079:
1071:
1066:
1058:
1053:
1045:
1040:
1032:
1027:
1019:
1014:
1006:
1001:
993:
988:
979:
978:
973:
964:
963:
958:
945:
911:
909:Further reading
906:
905:
896:
895:
891:
883:
852:
847:
846:
842:
823:
822:
818:
800:
799:
795:
790:
785:
780:
770:
757:
747:
737:
727:
718:Fitzinger, 1843
717:
707:
697:
687:
678:Boulenger, 1893
677:
664:
654:
644:
631:
621:
611:
598:
585:
576:Boulenger, 1893
575:
565:
555:
530:
521:Boulenger, 1898
520:
510:
497:
484:
467:
454:
437:
424:
414:
401:
388:
375:
362:
349:
328:
311:
302:
286:
234:Central America
150:
63:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1119:
1117:
1109:
1108:
1103:
1098:
1088:
1087:
1081:
1080:
1078:
1077:
1064:
1051:
1038:
1025:
1012:
999:
986:
971:
955:
953:
947:
946:
941:
935:
934:
919:Zug, George R.
910:
907:
904:
903:
889:
863:(2): 329–342.
840:
836:978-0123877321
816:
792:
791:
789:
786:
784:
783:
773:
763:
750:
744:Tropidoclonion
740:
730:
720:
710:
700:
690:
680:
670:
657:
647:
637:
628:Paratapinophis
624:
614:
604:
591:
578:
572:Lycognathophis
568:
558:
548:
523:
513:
503:
490:
477:
460:
447:
430:
417:
407:
394:
381:
368:
355:
342:
338:A.H.A. Duméril
330:A.M.C. Duméril
321:
303:
301:
298:
285:
284:Classification
282:
277:R. subminiatus
170:
169:
163:
162:
158:
157:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
85:
81:
80:
75:
71:
70:
57:
56:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1118:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1099:
1097:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1074:
1069:
1065:
1061:
1056:
1052:
1048:
1043:
1039:
1035:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1004:
1000:
996:
991:
987:
982:
976:
972:
967:
961:
957:
956:
954:
952:
948:
944:
939:
932:
931:0-7167-0020-4
928:
924:
920:
916:
913:
912:
908:
899:
893:
890:
882:
878:
874:
870:
866:
862:
858:
851:
844:
841:
837:
833:
827:
820:
817:
812:
808:
804:
797:
794:
787:
781:GĂĽnther, 1864
779:
778:
774:
769:
768:
764:
760:
756:
755:
754:Tropidonophis
751:
746:
745:
741:
736:
735:
731:
728:GĂĽnther, 1858
726:
725:
721:
716:
715:
711:
706:
705:
701:
696:
695:
691:
686:
685:
684:Sahyadriophis
681:
676:
675:
671:
667:
663:
662:
658:
653:
652:
648:
643:
642:
638:
634:
630:
629:
625:
622:GĂĽnther, 1872
620:
619:
618:Opisthotropis
615:
610:
609:
605:
601:
597:
596:
592:
588:
584:
583:
579:
574:
573:
569:
564:
563:
559:
556:GĂĽnther, 1865
554:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
528:
524:
519:
518:
517:Iguanognathus
514:
511:GĂĽnther, 1872
509:
508:
504:
500:
496:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
465:
461:
457:
453:
452:
448:
444:
440:
436:
435:
431:
427:
423:
422:
418:
413:
412:
408:
404:
400:
399:
395:
391:
387:
386:
382:
378:
374:
373:
369:
365:
361:
360:
356:
352:
348:
347:
346:Amphiesmoides
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
326:
322:
318:
314:
310:
309:
305:
304:
299:
297:
295:
291:
283:
281:
279:
278:
273:
272:
267:
266:
261:
260:
255:
254:
249:
245:
244:
239:
235:
231:
230:North America
227:
223:
219:
214:
212:
208:
204:
203:garter snakes
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
181:
177:
168:
167:36, see text
164:
159:
154:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
89:
86:
83:
82:
79:
76:
73:
72:
67:
62:
58:
55:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
950:
922:
892:
881:the original
860:
856:
843:
825:
819:
802:
796:
777:Xenochrophis
775:
765:
752:
742:
734:Trimerodytes
732:
724:Trachischium
722:
712:
702:
692:
682:
672:
659:
649:
639:
626:
616:
606:
593:
582:Natriciteres
580:
570:
560:
550:
525:
515:
507:Hydraethiops
505:
492:
479:
462:
449:
432:
419:
409:
396:
383:
370:
359:Anoplohydrus
357:
344:
323:
306:
287:
275:
269:
263:
257:
251:
241:
215:
206:
199:water snakes
186:
175:
173:
166:
147:
53:
29:
1016:iNaturalist
975:Wikispecies
494:Hydrablabes
481:Herpetoreas
271:R. tigrinus
144:Subfamily:
35:Natricinae
1096:Natricinae
1090:Categories
981:Natricinae
951:Natricinae
788:References
748:Cope, 1860
738:Cope, 1895
714:Thamnophis
694:Smithophis
661:Rhabdophis
566:Cope, 1885
415:Cope, 1889
308:Afronatrix
290:Dipsadinae
265:Rhabdophis
246:, reaches
238:Costa Rica
187:Natricidae
176:Natricinae
148:Natricinae
138:Colubridae
124:Suborder:
50:Dice snake
666:Fitzinger
587:Loveridge
552:Limnophis
527:Isanophis
499:Boulenger
411:Clonophis
364:F. Werner
325:Amphiesma
292:plus the
248:Australia
207:keelbacks
180:colubroid
153:Bonaparte
128:Serpentes
84:Kingdom:
78:Eukaryota
18:Keelbacks
1008:46559524
966:Q1587690
960:Wikidata
921:(1978).
877:21074626
830:364 pp.
811:23345387
767:Virginia
704:Storeria
674:Rhabdops
600:Laurenti
562:Liodytes
544:G. Vogel
469:de Witte
464:Helophis
456:Thompson
426:Theobald
403:Theobald
385:Atretium
372:Aspidura
134:Family:
118:Squamata
108:Reptilia
98:Chordata
94:Phylum:
88:Animalia
74:Domain:
608:Nerodia
536:Pauwels
486:GĂĽnther
473:Laurent
398:Blythia
351:Malnate
313:Rossman
211:keeling
161:Genera
114:Order:
104:Class:
1073:413300
1047:169862
1034:700177
1021:532896
929:
875:
834:
809:
761:, 1863
668:, 1843
651:Regina
635:, 1929
602:, 1768
595:Natrix
589:, 1953
546:, 2015
542:&
540:Nguyen
501:, 1891
488:, 1860
475:, 1942
471:&
458:, 1913
451:Hebius
445:, 1853
443:Girard
441:&
434:Haldea
428:, 1868
421:Fowlea
405:, 1868
392:, 1861
379:, 1830
377:Wagler
366:, 1909
353:, 1961
340:, 1854
336:&
334:Bibron
319:, 1977
317:Eberle
315:&
300:Genera
232:, and
226:Europe
218:Africa
191:genera
183:snakes
155:, 1838
1068:WoRMS
1060:53081
995:87CKJ
884:(PDF)
853:(PDF)
633:Angel
532:David
439:Baird
1042:NCBI
1029:ITIS
927:ISBN
873:PMID
832:ISBN
807:OCLC
390:Cope
274:and
222:Asia
201:and
174:The
1003:EoL
990:CoL
865:doi
759:Jan
1092::
1070::
1057::
1044::
1031::
1018::
1005::
992::
977::
962::
871:.
861:58
859:.
855:.
538:,
534:,
332:,
296:.
256:,
228:,
224:,
220:,
213:.
52:,
900:.
867::
838:.
813:.
268:(
20:)
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