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age died in the unit, who are believed would have survived in other NHS units. Overall 170 children died in the
Bristol unit between 1986 and 1995, who would have survived in other NHS hospitals, as estimated by Laurence Vick, the lawyer most closely involved in the Bristol scandal. The same expert estimates that 25–30 children suffered permanent brain damage after cardiac surgery by the Bristol surgeons over the same 10-year time span.
38:, babies died at high rates after cardiac surgery. An inquiry found "staff shortages, a lack of leadership, ... unit ... 'simply not up to the task' ... 'an old boy's culture' among doctors, a lax approach to safety, secrecy about doctors' performance and a lack of monitoring by management". The scandal resulted in cardiac surgeons leading efforts to publish more data on the performance of doctors and hospitals.
65:. Bolsin was largely ignored until 1995, when Joshua Loveday died during a complex heart operation performed by Dr Janardan Dhasmana. After the death of Loveday, Bolsin emigrated to Australia. There he was praised for raising issues about the mortality rates at BRI and was promoted to professor. Subsequently, he was awarded the
81:
QC was set up in 1998. It reported in 2001, concluding that paediatric cardiac surgery services at
Bristol were "simply not up to the task" because of shortages of key surgeons and nurses, and a lack of leadership, accountability, and teamwork. In five years (1991–1995), 34 children under one year of
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in July 2015 proposed a "three tier" model for all hospitals providing congenital heart disease care. It suggested that they would work within "regional, multi-centre networks, bringing together foetal, children’s and adult services" and noted that since 2001 there "have been subsequent reviews each
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The mortality rate within 30 days of a child's heart operation in the UK fell from 4.3% in 2000 to 2.6% in 2009. Plans to reduce the number of centres performing children's heart surgery have been opposed. A report to
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in 1988 and noticed high surgical mortality rates. As early as 1991, Bolsin raised concerns with high-ranking individuals at the trust and also contacted the
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making a series of recommendations, but no coordinated programme of change, and concerns have remained".
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209:"Lessons learned from the Bristol heart scandal and the 2001 Kennedy Inquiry – Part 1"
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Frederic Hewitt Medal in 2013 in recognition of his contribution to patient safety.
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Formation of the
Commission for Health Improvement and decline of mortality rates
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332:"NHS England review calls for shake-up of children's heart surgery"
232:. The Bristol Royal Infirmary Inquiry. July 2001. Archived from
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94:, published a year earlier, included the establishment of the
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University
Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust
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Official
Inquiry website (in the UK Government Web Archive)
285:"The Bristol Royal infirmary inquiry: the issue explained"
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Avon and
Wiltshire Mental Health Partnership NHS Trust
270:"Bristol, Two Decades on - Have Lessons Been Learned?"
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117:Criticism of the National Health Service (England)
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34:occurred in England during the 1990s. At the
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98:which was intended to tackle such problems.
310:"Child heart surgery deaths in UK 'halved'"
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256:"The Loneliness of the NHS Whistleblower"
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603:Health disasters in the United Kingdom
593:Medical scandals in the United Kingdom
588:Public inquiries in the United Kingdom
334:. Health Service Journal. 22 July 2015
434:University of Bristol Dental Hospital
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583:1990 disasters in the United Kingdom
414:Bristol Royal Hospital for Children
283:Butler, Patrick (17 January 2002).
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96:Commission for Health Improvement
42:Concerns raised by Stephen Bolsin
424:South Bristol Community Hospital
27:1990s medical scandal in England
138:Rebecca Smith (29 July 2010) "
67:Royal College of Anaesthetists
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516:Children's Hospice South West
207:Vick, Lawrence (March 2020).
77:An investigation chaired by
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216:Lawyers Service Newsletter
148:. Accessed 28 August 2011.
49:joined the BRI team as an
490:Cossham Memorial Hospital
472:Petherton Resource Centre
176:10.1136/bmj.316.7149.1917
537:Bristol General Hospital
521:Off the Record (charity)
467:Callington Road Hospital
457:Blackberry Hill Hospital
312:. BBC News. 3 April 2015
482:North Bristol NHS Trust
439:Weston General Hospital
419:Bristol Royal Infirmary
36:Bristol Royal Infirmary
511:Bristol heart scandal
429:St Michael's Hospital
393:Healthcare in Bristol
158:Smith R (June 1998).
140:Bristol heart scandal
79:Professor Ian Kennedy
32:Bristol heart scandal
409:Bristol Eye Hospital
73:Formal investigation
59:Department of Health
495:Southmead Hospital
598:Hospital scandals
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542:Frenchay Hospital
236:on 11 August 2009
218:. pp. 16–18.
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16:(Redirected from
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568:1998 in medicine
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338:3 September
316:1 September
230:"Who's who"
104:NHS England
557:Categories
123:References
61:, and the
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240:9 January
111:See also
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212:(PDF)
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