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289:"certaine Burgesses of London, of the progenie of those Noble English knights to wit: Radulphus Fitzalgod, Wilmarde le Deuereshe, Orgare le Prude, Edward Hupcornehill, Blackstanus, and Alwine his kinsman, and Robert his brother, the sonnes of Leafstanus the Goldsmith, Wiso his sonne, Hugh Fitzvulgar, Algare Secusme..."
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They besought the king to haue this land, with the libertie of a Guilde for euer: the king granted to their request with conditions following: that is, that each of them should victoriously accomplish three combates, one aboue the ground, one underground, and the third in the water, and after this at
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immediately brought about trouble with
Geoffrey de Mandeville, Constable of the Tower. Having taken a piece of ground in East Smithfield and made it into a vineyard, he and his successors held it by force. The situation of the vineyard cannot be identified, but it doubtless became attached to Tower
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William king of
England to Maurice Bishop, and Godffrey de Magum, and Richard de Parre, and to his faithfull people of London, greeting: know yee mee to have granted to the men of Knighten Guilde, the Guilde that belonged to them, and the land that belonged thereunto, with all customes, as they had
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the companies of London prove to have sprung from a number of guilds, which were associations of neighbours for the purposes of mutual assistance. Such associations were very numerous in the Middle Ages, both in town and country, and they appear to have abounded in London at a very early period. A
232:"frith guild" and a "knighten- guild" seem to have existed in London in Anglo-Saxon times, and at the time of the Norman Conquest there were probably many other bodies of a like nature in London. Their main objects were the relief of poverty and the performance of masses for the dead.
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The
Knighten guild of London is known to us only through the gift of its soke to Trinity, and the consequent preservation of the documents in the Priory Chartulary. Its true character is uncertain, and its bearing on the history of municipal institutions in London has been
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There were thirteene
Knights, or Soldiers welbeloved to the king and realme, for service by them done, which requested to haue a certaine portion of land on the East part of the Citie, left desolate and forsaken by the Inhabitants, by reason of too much seruitude.
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No reason is given in any source for the transfer, and it may either indicate the Guild had run its course or the change was part of the political and ecclesiastical changes imposed by Henry I when he seized power after the death of
William Rufus.
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This charter no longer seems to exist, nor does any of the others, though Stow insists that these were present when the Guild was dissolved. However he does not quote any sources other than the Liber
Trinitae.
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The members of the
Knighten Guild in 1115 granted their estate to the Priory and Convent of Holy Trinity, Aldgate, which grant King Henry I confirmed. The transfer of the possessions of the Knighten Guild to
321:
The sources for Stow's account are uncertain, the only one given, Liber
Trinitatis, records the views of the Order of the Holy Trinity which took over the area, and so no doubt gives a biased account.
340:, in place since the early 12th century (perhaps before) was originally coterminous with the Portsoken. Both areas were then larger than they subsequently became, both reaching down to the Thames.
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The guild seems to have grown in prestige over time, as the fifteen members referred to included some of London's most influential men; an alderman, a canon of St Paul's. moneyers and goldsmiths.
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The assumption is that the Guild was dissolved after its lands were passed on. Though according to the Livery
Companies Commission, the Guild was believed to have been absorbed into London's
256:, but its earliest surviving records are from the latter Medieval period, namely the Charter of Liberties of Henry I. Though Stow quotes from an earlier charter from William I:
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a certaine day in East
Smithfield, they should run with Speares against all commers, all which was gloriously performed: and the same day the king named it knighten Guild...
211:). These churches served as a spiritual 'checkpoint' for devotions made at the boundaries of the City. Botolph is the patron saint of trade, travel and boundaries.
149:(In) Portsoken, which soundeth, the Franchise at the gate, was sometime a Guild, and had beginning in the dayes of King Edgar, more than 600 yeares since.
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The King Edgar statue by Denys Mitchell was erected in 1990 to commemorate the guild. It is situated at Devonshire Square on the Portsoken's boundary with
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from Norsemen and others – they were not the knights as the term came to be understood later in the Middle-Ages, the kind of knight typically depicted in
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church at Aldgate, sometime before 1115, or were at least its custodians. At one time a St Botolph dedicated church stood outside three city gates (
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328:, the Alderman of the Portsoken. This arrangement lasted until the Priory was dissolved, during the reformation, in the 16th century.
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In its later years the Guild simply performed religious duties, later taken on by livery companies; a Royal Commission report says:
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A "dissent" report', City of London Livery Companies Commission. Report; Volume 1 (1884), pp. 57–71.. (see British History Online)
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The Portsoken Ward has its origin in the land of the guild and was in place before the Norman Conquest. The Ancient Parish of
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Stow records the Guild's account, as recorded in the Liber Trinitae, claimed its charter was given by Edgar and renewed by
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Historic extent of the Portsoken, and other City Wards. Prior to the 13th century, the Ward extended south to the
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177:. The guild did not fight on horseback, and they didn’t have the elevated social status of later knights.
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v. 477–93, and in Letter-Book C, 73–5, 216–25. See also a deed, ap. Chron. de Rameseia, 241, Rolls Ser."
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Around 1115, the guild was made of fifteen members, who passed their rights and responsibilities onto
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the same in the time of king Edward, and my father. Witnesse hugh de Buche: at Rething.
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As well as Stow (1603), the guild is also mentioned in a charter of 1042 and in the
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Edgar's decision to grant the land may have been influenced by his chief minister,
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542:, Vol. III, no. 35 (Christmas 1933 – January 1934) (Tower Hamlets History Online)
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Ward of the City of London has its origin in the guild's landholding outside the
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The statue at Devonshire Square, on the Portsoken's historic Ward boundary with
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A Survey of London, by John Stow, British History Online (University of London)
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Waeppa's People, A history of Wapping, Madge Darby, p76, ISBN 0 947699 10 4
389:(1603), reprinted by Oxford Univ Press ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsbridge,
318:. It certainly no longer exists, though Portsoken still exists as a ward.
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According to Stow these fifteen, the heirs of the original Knights, were
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https://historiclondontours.com/tales-of-london/f/the-cnihten-who-say-cni
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https://historiclondontours.com/tales-of-london/f/the-cnihten-who-say-cni
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A more recent historian, Sydney Maddocks, summarises the Guild's end:
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Historic accounts of a brotherhood of 13 knights are redolent of a
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Knighten Guild in Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase & Fable, 1898
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St Katharine's and East Smithfield The Copartnership Herald
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On taking over the Guild, the Priors of Aldgate became
463:
Churches in the Landscape, p217-221, Richard Morris,
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https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/king-edgar
141:, land east of the wall was granted to the guild by
191:The guild may have responsible for the creation of
343:The eastern boundary of the Guilds lands lay on
184:, who had close links to the large neighbouring
491:, i. 186–8. The documents have been printed in
31:, which translates into modern English as the
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16:Obscure medieval guild of the City of London
530:Citadel of the Saxons, Rory Naismith, p163
347:and the little stream that ran beside it.
454:London, 800-1216". Brooke and Keir p96-98
133:According to a legend solely recorded in
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442:Website outlining the Guild's history
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413:Website outlining the Guild's history
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207:), as well as one by the Thames at
367:having no connection to the area.
351:is believed to be a corruption of
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218:added a footnote commenting that
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94:commemorates the Knighten Guilde
607:Religion in the City of London
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602:History of the City of London
507:Notes Volume 1, pp. 101–200
169:and the eastern part of the
56:(1603), it was in origin an
560:"London Remembers" website
359:changed the street name to
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487:, 97–105, 221; and Gross,
338:St Botolph Without Aldgate
81:St Botolph without Aldgate
60:founded by the Saxon king
306:Hill which it adjoined.
493:Trans. Lond. and Midd.
481:Geoffrey de Mandeville
361:Sir Thomas More Street
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357:London County Council
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353:Knighten Guilde Lane
270:The end of the Guild
242:Edward the Confessor
118:Charter of Liberties
64:for loyal knights.
372:Bishopsgate Without
303:Holy Trinity Priory
276:Holy Trinity Priory
92:Bishopsgate Without
505:A Survey of London
431:A Survey of London
384:A Survey of London
123:Henry I of England
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49:A Survey of London
612:Guilds in England
489:The Gild Merchant
485:Commune of London
395:978-0-19-821257-7
363:in 1937, despite
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201:Bishopsgate
596:Categories
401:References
326:ex-officio
205:Aldersgate
182:St Dunstan
143:King Edgar
387:John Stow
246:William I
223:disputed.
171:City Wall
135:John Stow
125:(1100).
69:Portsoken
54:John Stow
37:Medieval
280:Aldgate
254:Henry I
197:Aldgate
167:Aldgate
111:Sources
73:Aldgate
42:of the
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332:Legacy
129:Origin
104:Thames
62:Edgar
40:guild
465:ISBN
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