343:(Ghilji) Pashtuns used to move annually from the Afghanistan mountains to the valley of the Indus. These long-distance migrations were stopped in the early 1960s when the border with Afghanistan and Pakistan were closed, but many Kuchis are still allowed to cross as border officials recognize the Kuchi migrations which occur seasonally and allow them to pass even in times of political turmoil. In recent decades, migrations inside Afghanistan continue, although trucks are now often being used to transport livestock and family from one place to another.
62:
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head-count fees for each animal crossing someone else's property is exacting a harsh economic toll on the Kochi way of life, one that is already having to contend with recurrent droughts that are now occurring with increasing frequency. There are communities of
Pashtun Kochi origin in other parts of the world as well, including in the Caribbean, Africa and Europe. In Pakistan, some Kochis are found in
1660:, page 16: "The modern history of Afghanistan has witnessed a "Pashtunization" of the state as the customs, traditions and language of the Pashtuns have combined with the groups political power to erode the distinctive underpinnings of Afghanistan's other groups.FN20". FN20 cites: US, Department of the Army, Afghanistan: A Country Study, 5th ed. reprint (Washington, DC.: GPO, 1985) page 108.
1401:, whereby some Kochis became absentee landlords in their summer areas in the north through customary seizure procedures to attach debtors' land. However, the Kochis themselves see the northern minority groups as a non-Afghan race, and claims the Kochis were natives of northern Afghan region, and that during many years of invasion such as
1416:
as one of the largest vulnerable populations in the country. As
Afghanistan's population grows, competing claims over summer pastures, both for rainfed cultivation and for grazing of the settled communities' livestock, have created conflict over land across central and northern Afghanistan. Paying
338:
in
Afghanistan, mostly keep sheep and goats. The produce of the animals (meat, dairy products, hair and wool) is exchanged or sold in order to purchase grain, vegetables, fruit and other products of settled life. In this way an extensive network of exchange has developed along the main routes
329:
The
National Multi-sectoral Assessment of Kochi in 2004 estimated that there are about 2.4 million Kochis in Afghanistan, with around 1.5 million (60%) remaining fully nomadic; over 100,000 have been displaced due to natural disasters such as flood and drought in the past few years.
1373:," or royal proclamations, granting them use of summer pastures all over Afghanistan including the northern parts of the country. During the Taliban era, Kochis were a main factor and supporter of the
1327:
Kochis historically abstained from politics, because they are nomadic, but under
Afghanistan's constitution, they were given ten seats in parliament. Provisions are written into the
1335:, before the 30 years of war, Kochis owned 30 per cent of the country's goats and sheep and most of the camels for years, and they were largely responsible for the supply of
1413:
1314:
1071:
1022:
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413:
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O. Roy, Ethnic
Identity and Political Expression in Northern Afghanistan, in Muslims in Central Asia: Expressions of Identity and Change, 1992,
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150:
1002:
1307:
1331:(Article 14) aimed at improving the welfare of Kochis, including provisions for housing, representation, and education. According to the
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1252:
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Kochis were also favored by the Kings of
Afghanistan, who were themselves ethnic Pashtuns, since the late 1880s. They were awarded "
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Durable solutions for Kuchi IDP's in the south of
Afghanistan: Options and opportunities, Asia Consultants International
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61:
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385:
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1397:) have a long-standing distrust of the Kochi. This political dispute has been deepened over the decades of Kochi
403:
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2483:
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2382:
2352:
1904:
1328:
922:
159:
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Lansford, Tom (2003) A Bitter
Harvest: US foreign policy and Afghanistan Ashgate, Aldershot, Hants, England,
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1802:
89:
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952:
932:
483:
366:
302:
223:
121:
2724:
2710:
2704:
2621:
2586:
2375:
2135:
2047:
2019:
1954:
1918:
1910:
1874:
1354:
533:
294:
1721:
2689:
2454:
2191:
1998:
1959:
1473:
2027:
1230:
1210:
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World Food
Program, Socio-economic profile, Population and Demography, Afghanistan. Retrieved at
1526:
1358:
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503:
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1653:
1590:
1428:
1215:
697:
667:
443:
216:
50:
1933:
1609:
1518:
1457:
1432:
1336:
1150:
787:
717:
423:
318:
204:
131:
116:
78:
69:
2813:
982:
707:
543:
493:
463:
306:
274:
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184:
169:
111:
1386:
1825:
1552:
1394:
912:
837:
827:
747:
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657:
563:
513:
199:
164:
141:
2802:
1784:
1522:
1382:
1160:
1115:
902:
882:
862:
757:
687:
523:
473:
194:
39:
45:
2149:
2117:
1923:
1402:
1398:
1135:
872:
817:
647:
174:
126:
106:
1779:
2787:
2772:
2717:
2390:
2357:
2239:
1991:
1889:
1378:
1155:
1082:
617:
572:
266:
54:
321:, Ϊ©ΩΪΫ "Kochi" and "Kochiha" are the singular and plural forms (respectively).
2767:
2731:
2640:
2426:
2405:
2395:
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2317:
1894:
1856:
1170:
1145:
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179:
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2342:
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2125:
2063:
1110:
807:
553:
17:
30:"Kuchi" redirects here. For the ancient city-state in the Tarim Basin, see
2782:
2607:
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97:
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2518:
2512:
2494:
2469:
2464:
2421:
2400:
2368:
2362:
2297:
2196:
2176:
2168:
2159:
2141:
2130:
2012:
2006:
1928:
1899:
1869:
1864:
1833:
1418:
1374:
1125:
677:
298:
286:
189:
35:
2762:
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2507:
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1964:
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1120:
282:
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1985:
1977:
1938:
1884:
1639:
UNHCR, Formation of 4 Kuchi sheep/goat breedersβ service centres,
1406:
1353:
433:
290:
74:
60:
31:
1794:
2746:
2052:
1344:
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1507:"Who Are the Kuchi? Nomad Self-Identities in Afghanistan"
1553:"Program for Culture and Conflict Studies at NPS - Home"
1785:
AFGHANISTAN: Threat of ethnic clashes over grazing land
1789:
1623:"Afghanistan Online: The Constitution of Afghanistan"
2755:
2555:
2414:
2288:
2167:
2158:
2040:
1947:
1841:
1832:
265:. In the southern, western and northern regions of
65:
A Kochi girl in southern Afghanistan with her sheep
1511:The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute
258:) are pastoral nomads belonging primarily to the
1414:United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan
1700:"Wandering Kuchis pay for their Taliban links"
339:annually followed by the nomads. The merchant
1810:
1308:
334:The nomads and semi-nomads, generally called
224:
8:
27:Ghilji Pashtun nomadic people of Afghanistan
1381:. As a result, the northern ethnic groups (
1333:United Nations High Commission for Refugees
2164:
1838:
1817:
1803:
1795:
1315:
1301:
351:
281:, "herd-owner"). Some of the most notable
231:
217:
84:
1790:Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit
68:
44:
1497:
1442:
1431:describes Kochi life in his 1963 novel
365:
354:
149:
96:
38:. For the ethnic group in Gujarat, see
1741:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1734:
1595:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1588:
269:they are also referred to at times as
7:
1412:Kochis have been identified by the
2854:Ethnic groups in Kandahar Province
1361:medic vaccinating Kochi children,
25:
1762:. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford.
1523:10.1111/j.1467-9655.2007.00480.x
1480:
1465:
1445:
1282:
1272:
1271:
376:
34:. For the Montenegrin clan, see
122:Discrimination against Pashtuns
1505:Tapper, Richard (March 2008).
1:
1780:Lifestyle of Kuchi community
49:Kochi people on the move in
1435:, set in 1946 Afghanistan.
1248:Hindu and Buddhist heritage
1058:Transitional Administration
628:Principality of Chaghaniyan
2870:
2834:Immigration to Afghanistan
1351:to the national economy.
1104:Related historical regions
29:
2824:Nomadic groups in Eurasia
1758:Vogelsang, Willem. 2002.
404:Indus Valley civilisation
285:Kochi tribes include the
1329:Afghanistan Constitution
923:Principality of Qandahar
2809:Pashtun nomadic tribes
1689:, by Gilles Dorronsoro
1409:, they escaped south.
1366:
1289:Afghanistan portal
1226:List of heads of state
484:Greco-Bactrian kingdom
345:
313:(singular) and Ϊ©ΩΪΫΨ§Ω
82:
66:
58:
2849:Tribes of Afghanistan
1357:
534:Indo-Parthian kingdom
514:Indo-Scythian kingdom
332:
309:, the terms are Ϊ©ΩΪΫ
151:Empires and dynasties
72:
64:
48:
1474:Kabul-Jalalabad Road
1472:Kochi tent near the
1419:Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
993:Democratic Republic
1487:A young Kochi girl
1424:In Popular Culture
1367:
1196:Political violence
1003:Tanai coup attempt
638:Rashidun Caliphate
583:Hephthalite Empire
504:Indo-Greek kingdom
83:
67:
59:
2796:
2795:
2551:
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2035:
1706:. 27 August 2005.
1429:James A. Michener
1377:and their leader
1337:slaughter animals
1325:
1324:
1216:Afghan (ethnonym)
1191:Political history
1095:
1094:
943:Saqqawist Emirate
893:Sadozai Sultanate
846:
845:
632:7thβ8th centuries
601:
600:
454:Macedonian Empire
444:Achaemenid Empire
414:Oxus civilization
317:(plural). In the
241:
240:
51:Panjshir Province
16:(Redirected from
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2839:Pashtun diaspora
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2015:
2001:
1994:
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1859:
1839:
1819:
1812:
1805:
1796:
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1720:. Archived from
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1610:Willem Vogelsang
1607:
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1574:. Archived from
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1469:
1458:Urozgan Province
1449:
1317:
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1303:
1287:
1286:
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1258:Muslim conquests
1243:Hinduism history
1206:Economic history
1090:
1068:Islamic Republic
859:
858:
788:Chagatai Khanate
614:
613:
554:Kidarite kingdom
424:Gandhara kingdom
400:
399:
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319:Persian language
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132:List of Pashtuns
85:
79:Badghis Province
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1969:
1943:
1909:
1855:
1828:
1823:
1776:
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1718:"Archived copy"
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1083:Islamic Emirate
1023:Islamic Emirate
983:Saur Revolution
856:
848:
847:
778:Mongol Invasion
752:before 879β1215
611:
603:
602:
544:Sasanian Empire
528:135 BC β 248 AD
494:Parthian Empire
464:Seleucid Empire
397:
368:
361:
350:
327:
307:Pashto language
237:
81:of Afghanistan.
73:Tents of Kochi
43:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
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5:
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2857:
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1612:(2002), p. 15.
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1253:Jewish history
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913:Durrani Empire
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538:20 BC β 50? AD
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2829:Modern nomads
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2756:Allied tribes
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2415:Other Sarbani
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1768:0-631-19841-5
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1744:
1738:
1724:on 2008-12-10
1723:
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1705:
1704:theage.com.au
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1675:0-8223-1190-9
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1658:0-7546-3615-1
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1578:on 2012-12-18
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1517:(1): 97β116.
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1229:
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1224:
1222:
1221:List of years
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1188:
1181:
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1172:
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1164:
1162:
1161:Paropamisadae
1159:
1157:
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1069:
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1059:
1055:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:Islamic State
1041:
1040:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1014:
1013:Islamic State
1011:
1010:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
996:
994:
991:
990:
986:
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926:
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921:
920:
916:
914:
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910:
906:
904:
903:Afsharid Iran
901:
900:
896:
894:
891:
890:
886:
884:
883:Hotak dynasty
881:
880:
876:
874:
871:
870:
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861:
860:
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841:
839:
836:
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557:
555:
552:
551:
547:
545:
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541:
537:
535:
532:
531:
527:
525:
524:Kushan Empire
522:
521:
517:
515:
512:
511:
507:
505:
502:
501:
498:247 BCβ224 AD
497:
495:
492:
491:
487:
485:
482:
481:
477:
475:
474:Maurya Empire
472:
471:
467:
465:
462:
461:
457:
455:
452:
451:
447:
445:
442:
441:
437:
435:
434:Median Empire
432:
431:
427:
425:
422:
421:
417:
415:
412:
411:
407:
405:
402:
401:
396:
391:
390:
387:
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379:
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374:
371:
364:
359:
353:
347:
344:
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322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
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296:
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288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
261:
257:
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245:
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229:
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206:
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198:
196:
193:
191:
188:
186:
183:
181:
178:
176:
173:
171:
168:
166:
163:
161:
160:Khalji Bengal
158:
157:
156:
155:
152:
148:
143:
140:
138:
135:
133:
130:
128:
125:
123:
120:
118:
115:
113:
110:
108:
105:
104:
103:
102:
99:
95:
91:
87:
86:
80:
76:
71:
63:
56:
52:
47:
41:
40:Kutchi people
37:
33:
19:
2118:Khudiadadzai
1924:Sulaimankhel
1759:
1726:. Retrieved
1722:the original
1712:
1703:
1694:
1682:
1665:
1648:
1635:
1626:
1617:
1605:
1580:. Retrieved
1576:the original
1565:
1556:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1514:
1510:
1500:
1452:Kochis near
1427:
1411:
1403:Genghis Khan
1399:transhumance
1368:
1326:
1236:List of wars
1085:(reinstated)
1045:(reinstated)
418:2100β1800 BC
408:2200β1800 BC
340:
335:
333:
328:
314:
310:
278:
270:
255:
247:
243:
242:
165:Khalji Delhi
18:Kochi people
2718:Darweshkhel
2484:Muhammadzai
2391:Mughal Khel
2358:Mahabatkhel
2348:Khwaja Khel
2240:Mohammadzai
2041:Gharghashti
1992:Kharotakhel
1890:Ibrahimkhel
1760:The Afghans
1687:Afghanistan
1379:Mullah Omar
1156:Kushanshahr
1033:US invasion
768:Khwarezmids
618:Kabul Shahi
573:Alchon Huns
428:1500β535 BC
369:Afghanistan
367:History of
325:Description
267:Afghanistan
55:Afghanistan
2803:Categories
2768:Ismailkhel
2732:Kabul Khel
2641:Shamankhel
2427:Ghoryakhel
2406:Tahirkheli
2396:Niamatkhel
2333:Kamal Khel
2318:Chagharzai
2071:Ibrahimzai
1895:Ibrahimzai
1857:Jabbarkhel
1753:References
1728:2008-12-22
1582:2012-03-29
1171:Zabulistan
1146:Kafiristan
1141:Kabulistan
963:Daoud coup
798:Qarlughids
738:Ghaznavids
648:Tang China
593:Nezak Huns
518:155β80? BC
488:256β125 BC
478:305β180 BC
468:312β150 BC
458:330β312 BC
448:550β330 BC
438:728β550 BC
301:and nasar
175:Lodi Delhi
2695:Utmankhel
2672:Zaimukhts
2635:Bahlolzai
2460:Gumoriani
2376:Khadarzai
2343:Khan Khel
2328:Hassanzai
2323:Degankhel
2313:Balarkhel
2247:Musahiban
2126:Mandokhel
2064:Hafizkhel
1905:Musakhail
1493:Footnotes
1111:Arachosia
1077:2004β2021
1062:2001β2004
1027:1996β2001
1017:1992β1996
997:1978β1992
977:1973β1978
957:1926β1973
937:1823β1926
927:1818β1855
917:1747β1823
907:1738β1747
897:1716β1732
887:1709β1738
877:1510β1709
867:1501β1738
842:1520β1591
832:1370β1507
822:1245β1381
812:1256β1335
808:Ilkhanate
802:1224β1266
792:1226β1245
782:1219β1226
772:1215β1231
762:1037β1194
718:Saffarids
508:180β90 BC
305:. In the
277:: Ω
Ψ§ΩΨ―Ψ§Ψ±
2783:Storyani
2725:Utmanzai
2711:Ahmadzai
2608:Kharboni
2602:Khogyani
2533:Salarzai
2503:Shinwari
2476:Halimzai
2447:Mulagori
2433:Chamkani
2383:Utmanzai
2353:Madakhel
2338:Kamalzai
2290:Yusufzai
2268:Habibzai
2262:Popalzai
2234:Barakzai
2229:Alakozai
2224:Achakzai
2207:Ishakzai
2111:Jalalzai
2085:Yaqubzai
2078:Nattuzai
2058:Gandapur
1934:Tarakhel
1851:Ahmadzai
1737:cite web
1643:, pg. 15
1591:cite web
1531:20203586
1454:Tarinkot
1433:Caravans
1395:Turkmens
1277:Category
1151:Khorasan
1131:Gandhara
1072:politics
973:Republic
873:Safavids
828:Timurids
742:963β1187
728:Samanids
708:Tahirids
698:Abbasids
668:Umayyads
610:Medieval
386:Timeline
358:a series
356:Part of
341:Powindah
303:Ahmadzai
263:Pashtuns
205:Barakzai
190:Taymanis
137:Language
117:Diaspora
98:Pashtuns
90:a series
88:Part of
2665:Mamozai
2659:Orakzai
2615:Sherzad
2597:Khattak
2592:Dilazak
2582:Banuchi
2570:Bangash
2557:Karlani
2519:Kakazai
2513:Tarkani
2495:Sherpao
2489:Sherani
2470:Mohmand
2465:Kheshgi
2422:Gigyani
2401:Ranizai
2369:Abakhel
2363:Mandanr
2308:Babuzai
2298:Adokhel
2275:Sadozai
2197:Panjpai
2177:Badozai
2169:Durrani
2160:Sarbani
2142:Barozai
2131:Nasozai
2013:Harifal
2007:Sarwani
1999:Isakhel
1929:Tarakai
1900:Kharoti
1870:Alikhel
1865:Akakhel
1834:Bettani
1557:nps.edu
1439:Gallery
1375:Taliban
1365:, 2003.
1359:US army
1201:Culture
1126:Bactria
1054:Interim
953:Kingdom
933:Emirate
863:Mughals
838:Arghuns
818:Kartids
758:Seljuks
748:Ghurids
732:875β999
722:863β900
712:821β873
702:750β821
692:750-977
682:680β870
678:Zunbils
672:661β750
662:660β842
652:660β669
642:652β661
622:565β879
597:484β711
587:410β557
577:380β560
558:320β465
548:230β651
395:Ancient
348:History
315:Kochian
299:Akakhel
287:Kharoti
254:: Ϊ©ΩΪΫ
200:Durrani
185:Karrani
112:Culture
2814:Nomads
2763:Sakzai
2742:Zadran
2700:Wardak
2654:Muqbil
2649:Mangal
2630:Mahsud
2575:Baizai
2565:Afridi
2526:Mamund
2508:Tareen
2440:Khalil
2303:Akazai
2254:Nawabi
2212:Nurzai
2202:Alizai
2182:Barech
1971:Marwat
1965:Lohani
1911:Nasher
1885:Hotake
1880:Gulwal
1843:Ghilji
1766:
1673:
1656:
1529:
1391:Uzbeks
1387:Tajiks
1383:Hazara
1371:firman
1363:Gardez
1349:quroot
1166:Sistan
1121:Ariana
855:Modern
360:on the
311:Kochai
283:Ghilji
279:maldar
275:Pashto
271:maldar
260:Ghilji
256:Kuchis
252:Pashto
248:Kuchis
244:Kochis
142:Tribes
75:nomads
2778:Ludin
2747:Zazai
2705:Wazir
2685:Tanai
2680:Ormur
2622:Wazir
2587:Dawar
2219:Zirak
2187:Kiral
2136:Panni
2104:Bazai
2098:Kakar
2093:Jadun
2048:Babai
2020:Miani
1986:Niazi
1978:Tatur
1955:Kundi
1939:Tokhi
1919:Nasar
1875:Andar
1551:NPS.
1536:7 May
1527:JSTOR
1407:Timur
1089:since
688:Lawik
336:Kuchi
295:Andar
291:Niazi
195:Hotak
170:Malwa
32:Kucha
2773:Khel
2690:Turi
2455:Kasi
2192:Loni
2150:Safi
2053:Dawi
1960:Lodi
1948:Lodi
1764:ISBN
1743:link
1671:ISBN
1654:ISBN
1597:link
1538:2021
1405:and
1393:and
1347:and
1345:ghee
1341:wool
1231:Wars
1211:Name
1136:Iran
1116:Aria
1091:2021
1048:2001
1037:2001
1007:1990
987:1978
967:1973
947:1929
127:Land
36:KuΔi
2788:Zai
2540:Wur
2028:Sur
1519:doi
564:Rob
246:or
180:Sur
107:Art
77:in
53:of
2805::
1739:}}
1735:{{
1702:.
1625:.
1593:}}
1589:{{
1555:.
1525:.
1515:14
1513:.
1509:.
1456:,
1389:,
1385:,
1343:,
1339:,
297:,
293:,
289:,
92:on
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1811:t
1804:v
1745:)
1731:.
1677:.
1629:.
1599:)
1585:.
1559:.
1540:.
1521::
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1309:t
1302:v
1074:)
1070:(
1056:/
273:(
250:(
232:e
225:t
218:v
57:.
42:.
20:)
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