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body were not separate and they closely reflected each other, and the aspect of mind needed to be considered when examining the causes of disease. Thus, not only food and natural environment but also emotional changes in humans can be another major reason for illness. He believed that medical diagnosis and treatment should be based on person's typology rather than on symptoms alone and each person should be given different prescriptions depending on the constitution of the individual. Sasang typology (사상의학) focuses on the individual patients based on different reactions to disease and herbs. Treat illness by the treatment of the root cause through proper diagnosis. Key to this diagnosis is to first determine the internal organs or pathophysiology of each patient.
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ineffective when used alone in some situations. The medicine from the West can be used with Korean medicine, which is more effective. In Korea, this widespread practice occurs for a long time. Currently, Korean
Traditional Medicine is under challenges to undergo scientific examinations such as clinical trials to counter growing distrust. The meme '한무당'(Hanmudang), a neologism that relates Korean Traditional Medicine to shamanism has become too prevalent among young generations that there the association of Korean Traditional Medicine Protectionists had to take measures to stop the meme from auto-completing in internet searches.
1263:(동의보감) was written by Heo Jun, the first of the major physicians. This work further integrated the Korean and Chinese medicine of its time and was influential to Chinese, Japanese and Vietnamese medicine. In the late period of Joseon, Yi Je-ma's “unique system of constitutional medicine” illustrates the “nature of” the medicine that has been traditionally developed in Korea by example. Medical treatments were based upon yin and yang principles “and the five elements." A warm treatment would treat a person who is a yin. On the other hand, a cold treatment would treat a person who is a yang.
1420:
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15th centuries, Hyangyak medicine, which emphasized the use of domestic herbs, emerged. Hyangyak medicine is a type of TKM that prescribed only
Hyangyak. This local focus was crucial during times of war, when access to foreign medicinal supplies was limited.The third period, the 15th to early 17th centuries, was marked by the creation of the great medical texts such as Hyangyak Jipseongbang, which combined indigenous and foreign knowledge to form a complete system of Korean medicine.
1347:
as well. The suppression lasted until 1945, when Korea was freed from the
Japanese rule. In 1951, the enactment of the National Medical Treatment Law established an organized framework for skillful practitioners who use the medicine that has been traditionally developed to treat patients. Koreans and their government supported this medicine. In 1970s, Korean traditional medicine including acupuncture was generally acknowledged by healthcare clinics because of its value.
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1368:) in 1613, a seminal text that solidified TKM as distinct from TCM. The fifth period, roughly the 20th and 21st centuries, required a great deal of adjustment to TKM to modern medical research, yet retained TKM. This period is the time of Korea trying to incorporate KM into the national health care system and at the same time dealing with modernization and globalization.
1212:(1418–1450) measures were adopted to promote the development of a variety of Korean medicinal ingredients. These efforts were systematized and published in the Hyangyak Jipseongbang (향약집성방, 1433), which was completed and included 703 Korean native medicines, providing an impetus to break away from dependence on Chinese medicine. The medical encyclopaedia named
1189:, wormwood and garlic are described as 'edible medicine', showing that, even in times when incantatory medicine was the mainstream, medicinal herbs were given as curatives in Korea. Medicinal herbs at this time were used as remedial treatment such as easing the pain or tending injury, along with knowing what foods were good for health. In the period of the
1216:(醫方類聚, 의방유취), which included many classics from traditional chinese medicine, written by Kim Ye-mong (金禮蒙, 김예몽) and other Korean official doctors from 1443 to 1445, was regarded as one of the greatest medical texts of the 15th century. It included more than 50,000 prescriptions and incorporated 153 different Korean and Chinese texts, including the
1197:. There was important trade with foreign countries during the period of the Three Kingdoms. “In particular, medical knowledge from China and India supplemented the foundation of traditional medicine that had been handed down from the Old Joseon period." In Korea, this has “spurred further developments."
1844:
stated, "Scientists are still unable to find a shred of evidence to support the existence of meridians or Ch'i", "The traditional principles of acupuncture are deeply flawed, as there is no evidence at all to demonstrate the existence of Ch'i or meridians" and "As yin and yang, acupuncture points and
1472:
Many herbalists consider the patient's direct involvement to be critical. These methods are delivered differently depending on the herbal traditions of each area. Nature is not necessarily safe; special attention should be used when grading quality, deciding a dosage, realizing possible effects, and
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To sum up, the growth of Korean
Medicine reveals how traditional wisdom can evolve when faced with external factors or contemporary demands. Synthesis of TKM with modern science traces TKM’s evolution from folk herbal medicine to integration with scientific research, albeit with a cultural dilemma of
1346:
The
Japanese took control of Korea, which made the Korean traditional medicine fall on difficult times. Colonial rule of the Japanese started since 1910. The continuance of developing Korean medicine was suspended for 40 years due to the Japanese rule. Academic research of this medicine was suspended
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said that even if patients suffer the same illness, patients need to use different herbal applications to treat the same illness due to the pathophysiologies of individuals. He stresses that the health of human body had a close relationship with the state of mind. He believed that the human mind and
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In general, the history of Korean medicine can be divided into five periods. The first period, up to about the 12th century, was one of the alleged dark ages of Korean medicine, with TKM based primarily on folk tradition and some foreign (mostly
Chinese) elements. In the second period, the 13th to
1290:
The next recognized individual is Saam, a priest-physician who is believed to have lived during the 16th century. Although there is much unknown about Saam, including his real name and date of birth, it is recorded that he studied under the famous monk
Samyang. He developed a system of acupuncture
1460:
Herbal medicines may be presented in many forms including fresh, dried, whole, or chopped. Herbs may be prepared as infusions when an herb is soaked in a liquid or decocted—simmered in water over low heat for a certain period. Some examples of infusion are chamomile or peppermint, using flowers,
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In the late Joseon dynasty, positivism was widespread. Clinical evidence was used more commonly as the basis for studying disease and developing cures. Scholars who had turned away from politics devoted themselves to treating diseases and, in consequence, new schools of traditional medicine were
1350:
Originally, Korean traditional medicine was called “medicine of symptoms." “Principles of traditional medicine call for an assessment of eight symptoms." These symptoms are categorized “into four pairs: cold/hot, deficiency/sufficiency, large/small, and yin/yang." Korean traditional medicine is
1388:
The most common applications of Korean traditional medicine are acupuncture, herbal medicine, and moxibustion. They describe a combination of natural and medical sciences research. In Korea, adherents of the medicine that has been traditionally developed advise that acupuncture comes first.
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bark, and licorice root consisting of fruits, seeds, barks, and roots. Fresh and dried herbs can be tinctured where herbs are kept in alcohol or contained in a vinegar extract. They can be preserved as syrups such as glycerites in vegetable glycerin or put in honey known as miels.
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is a technique in which heat is applied to the body with a stick or a cone of burning mugwort. The tool is placed over the affected area without burning the skin. The cone or stick can also be placed over a pressure point to stimulate and strengthen the blood.
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is the study and practice of using plant material for the purpose of food, medicine, or health. They may be flowers, plants, shrubs, trees, moss, lichen, fern, algae, seaweed or fungus. The plant may be used in its entirety or with only specific parts.
1663:
established a national school of traditional Korean medicine to establish its national treasure on a solid basis after the closing of the first modern educational facility (Dong-Je medical school) one hundred years ago by the
Japanese invasion.
1580:) flowing through meridians, which was a major part of early belief systems. Pressure points can be stimulated through a mixture of methods ranging from the insertion and withdrawal of very small needles to the use of heat, known as
1584:. Pressure points can also be stimulated by laser, massage, and electrical means. Constitutional acupuncture, medicinal acupuncture, Sa-am acupuncture, and single-needle acupuncture are unique methods of acupuncture.
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is used to withdraw blood or stimulate certain points on humans and animals by inserting them on specific pressure points of the body. Traditional acupuncture involves the belief that a "life force" (
1389:
Moxibustion comes second and herbal medicine comes third. Depending on physical state and particular condition of the individual, these practices can be prescribed in separate ways.
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Non-oral herbal uses consist of creams, baths, oils, ointments, gels, distilled waters, washes, poultices, compresses, snuffs, steams, inhaled smoke and aromatics volatile oils.
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with the 50 undergraduate students on the
Yangsan medical campus. The new affiliated Korean Medical Hospital and Research Center for Clinical Studies are under construction.
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and promoted by the North Korean government, providing half of the reported healthcare in the country. It is largely practised in the
General Hospital of Koryo Medicine,
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retaining the past while modernizing. Such progression provides insights into the durability and applicability of traditional systems in the contemporary world.
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Ahn, Andrew C.; Colbert, Agatha P.; Anderson, Belinda J.; Martinsen, ØRjan G.; Hammerschlag, Richard; Cina, Steve; Wayne, Peter M.; Langevin, Helene M. (2008).
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has very important research value, because it keeps the contents of many ancient Korean and Chinese medical books that had been lost for a long time.
1642:. Systematic reviews of moxibustion show that there is a need for further research about these other therapeutic applications to reduce risk of
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Lee, Myeong Soo; Choi, Tae-Young; Kang, Jung Won; Lee, Beom-Joon; Ernst, Edzard (2010). "Moxibustion for Treating Pain: A Systematic Review".
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classified human beings into four main types, based on the emotion that dominated their personality and developed treatments for each type:
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Kang, Y. (2011). The characteristics of Korean medicine based on time classification. China Perspectives, 2011(3), 33-41.
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Korean medicine traditions originated in ancient and prehistoric times and can be traced back as far as 3000
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2786:"Effects of moxibustion for constipation treatment: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials"
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found moderate certainty evidence for the use of moxibustion plus usual care for reducing the chance of
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is recorded, there is a story of a tiger and a bear who wanted to reincarnate in human form and who ate
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Ko Changham. (2008). Three Popular Applications of Korea’s Traditional Medicine. Koreana, 22(1), 14–23.
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Lee, Dong-Hyo; Kim, Jong-In; Lee, Myeong Soo; Choi, Tae-Young; Choi, Sun-Mi; Ernst, Edzard (2010).
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1554:) circulates within the body in lines called meridians. Scientific investigation has not found any
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After this, many books on medical specialties were published. There are three physicians from the
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Archaeology of Psychotherapy in Korea: A Study of Korean Therapeutic Work ... By Haeyoung Jeong
1245:(1392–1910) who are generally credited with further development of traditional Korean medicine—
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2008:
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Pizzorno, Joseph E. Jr. and Pamela Snider (2000). Marc S. Micozzi and C. Everett Koop (ed.).
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1193:, traditional Korean medicine was mainly influenced by other traditional medicines such as
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2004:
Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures
2583:
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3294:
3151:
2939:"Integration of traditional and 'modern' medicine: Reflections on a visit to DPR Korea"
2914:
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2836:
2812:
2785:
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2734:
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2642:
2186:
Micozzi, Marc S., and Lisa Meserole (2000). Marc S. Micozzi and C. Everett Koop (ed.).
1521:
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In the 17th to 19th centuries, TKM became more independent with the publication of the
1242:
1201:
1120:
A Korean acupuncturist inserting a needle into the leg of a male patient (19th century)
1002:
875:
642:
627:
542:
462:
457:
2641:
Lee, Myeong Soo; Choi, Tae-Young; Park, Ji-Eun; Lee, Song-Shil; Ernst, Edzard (2010).
1845:
meridians are not a reality, but merely the product of an ancient Chinese philosophy".
1576:, and many modern practitioners no longer support the existence of life force energy (
1519:), a pill formulated with thirty odd herbs and other medicinal ingredients, including
3465:
3382:
3341:
3181:
2835:
Kim, Jong-In; Choi, Jun-Yong; Lee, Hyangsook; Lee, Myeong Soo; Ernst, Edzard (2010).
1916:
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328:
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237:
182:
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2404:
Tension-type and cervicogenic headache: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management
1480:
as a food and as a tea. A notable mushroom used in traditional Korean medicine is
2710:
2693:
3419:
3387:
2954:
2349:"Electrical properties of acupuncture points and meridians: A systematic review"
1866:
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The building in the picture is a hospital that specializes in Korean medicine.
1050:
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410:
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107:
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2534:
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2503:
Naturopathic Medicine: Fundamentals of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
2333:
3429:
3377:
3171:
3166:
3015:"Ostrich skin, Neo-Viagra and cancer cures: A shopping guide to North Korea"
2904:
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2751:
2073:
1699:
1695:
1555:
1453:
1295:
established. Simple books on medicine for the common people were published.
972:
932:
907:
612:
572:
437:
2923:
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2821:
2802:
2770:
2735:"Moxibustion for ulcerative colitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
2719:
2678:
2627:
2592:
2375:
1867:"A Korean acupuncturist inserting a needle into the leg of a male patient"
3409:
3207:
3106:
2477:
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885:
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632:
86:
1986:
Korean Medicine: A Holistic Way to Health and Healing By Seoul Selection
1204:. For example, the first training system of nurses was instituted under
3434:
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3041:
2188:
Herbal Medicine: Fundamentals of Complementary and Integrative Medicine
1779:
1724:
1526:
1246:
1220:(御醫撮要方, 어의촬요방) which was written by Choi Chong-jun (崔宗峻, 최종준) in 1226.
977:
895:
860:
850:
592:
2784:
Lee, Myeong Soo; Choi, Tae-Young; Park, Ji-Eun; Ernst, Edzard (2010).
2367:
1969:
Shin Joon-shik. (2008). Introduction to Korea’s Traditional Medicine.
1339:
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1326:
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1309:
1306:
1266:
The next major influence to traditional Korean medicine is related to
3249:
3101:
1627:
1623:
1176:
1065:
890:
845:
512:
2643:"Moxibustion for cancer care: A systematic review and meta-analysis"
2692:
Lee, M. S.; Shin, B.-C.; Kim, J.-I.; Han, C.-h.; Ernst, E. (2010).
3244:
3222:
1729:
1710:, both of which are popular with Chinese tourists to North Korea.
1598:
1379:
1226:
1146:
1115:
942:
917:
798:
348:
3239:
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1622:. Moxibustion has also been studied for the treatment of pain,
1530:
1461:
leaves and powdered herbs. Decocting examples may be rose hips,
1278:(東醫壽世保元, 동의수세보원) systematically theorized with the influence of
927:
781:
3045:
2976:
Choe Thae Sop (2001). "Koryo system of medicine in DPR Korea".
2549:
Coyle, Meaghan E.; Smith, Caroline; Peat, Brian (2023-05-09).
1667:
In 2008, the School of Korean Medicine was established inside
1564:
1550:
880:
2888:"Does moxibustion work? An overview of systematic reviews"
2694:"Moxibustion for Stroke Rehabilitation: Systematic Review"
2437:
Reinventing Acupuncture: A New Concept of Ancient Medicine
2551:"Cephalic version by moxibustion for breech presentation"
2036:"The Influence of Chinese Clothing | Oriental Style"
1690:
Koryo medicine is a form of traditional medicine used in
2886:
Lee, Myeong Soo; Kang, Jung Won; Ernst, Edzard (2010).
1276:
The Principal of Life Preservation in Oriental Medicine
2007:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 506.
1910:"The Evolution of Acupuncture in Veterinary Medicine"
1828:
1810:
1425:
Doctor's office in folk village in pre-modern Korea.
3350:
3334:
3303:
3200:
3144:
3079:
2837:"Moxibustion for hypertension: A systematic review"
1698:. Examples of Koryo medicine sold commercially are
1674:Compared with common private traditional medicine
1562:evidence for traditional Chinese concepts such as
2299:
2287:
2275:
1841:
1222:Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions
1214:Classified Collection of Medical Prescriptions
3057:
2985:. World Health Organization. pp. 69–74.
1755:List of topics characterized as pseudoscience
1618:of babies but uncertainty about the need for
1185:(제왕운기), which was written around the time of
1097:
8:
2200:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1822:
1816:
1804:
1798:
1476:An example of herbal medicine is the use of
2555:The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
1504:
1360:Principles and Practice of Eastern Medicine
1208:(1400–1418), while under the reign of King
3064:
3050:
3042:
2474:The Skeptic: Encyclopedia of Pseudoscience
1473:any interactions with herbal medications.
1159:when stone and bone needles were found in
1104:
1090:
173:Association for Research and Enlightenment
28:
2913:
2903:
2862:
2852:
2811:
2801:
2760:
2750:
2709:
2668:
2658:
2582:
2533:
2518:"Korean Oriental Medicine in Stroke Care"
1200:Medicine flourished in the period of the
2943:European Journal of Integrative Medicine
2608:The American Journal of Chinese Medicine
1858:
1791:
1282:and his clinical experiences in Korea.
40:
3373:Medicine in the medieval Islamic world
3122:Traditional healers of Southern Africa
2193:
2112:
2110:
1603:2013 World Traditional Medicine Expo,
1489:Another example of herbal medicine is
1291:that employs the five element theory.
1218:Concise Prescriptions of Royal Doctors
2229:National Institute of Korean Language
2108:
2106:
2104:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2096:
2094:
2092:
2090:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1965:
1963:
1961:
1959:
1957:
1750:List of forms of alternative medicine
1678:schools (6 years), this is a special
7:
2522:Complementary Health Practice Review
2235:from the original on 10 January 2017
1955:
1953:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1945:
1943:
1941:
1939:
1937:
3326:Medieval medicine of Western Europe
2224:Korean-English Learners' Dictionary
3192:Traditional Alaska Native medicine
2937:Canaway, Rachel (1 October 2017).
2153:"네이버, 카카오 등에서 '한무당' 자동완성 검색어 사라진다"
1686:General Hospital of Koryo Medicine
1655:Graduate School of Korean Medicine
25:
3013:Talmadge, Eric (27 August 2018).
1163:, in present-day North Korea. In
243:Chiropractic treatment techniques
3446:
3445:
3135:
2505:. St. Louis: Saunders El Sevier.
2190:. St. Louis: Saunders El Sevier.
1891:"Acupuncture Stimulated Healing"
1432:
1418:
1401:
1046:Electromagnetic hypersensitivity
48:
3405:History of alternative medicine
3290:Traditional Vietnamese medicine
3260:Sri Lankan traditional medicine
2397:de las Peñas, César Fernández;
1775:Traditional Vietnamese medicine
1384:Medicine hawker in Seoul (1976)
82:Alternative veterinary medicine
3280:Traditional Mongolian medicine
3157:Brazilian traditional medicine
2567:10.1002/14651858.CD003928.pub4
1823:
1817:
1805:
1799:
705:Water fluoridation controversy
661:Big Pharma conspiracy theories
1:
3452:Category:Traditional medicine
2409:Jones & Bartlett Learning
2128:"의사단체 "한방첩약은 비과학적, 안전·효과 불신""
2001:Selin, Helaine (2013-11-11).
1740:Korean traditional pharmacist
1445:National Folk Museum of Korea
1076:Wilson's temperature syndrome
1061:Multiple chemical sensitivity
188:Biological terrain assessment
3285:Traditional Tibetan medicine
3270:Traditional Chinese medicine
3228:Iranian traditional medicine
3162:Chumash traditional medicine
3112:Traditional African medicine
2979:Traditional medicine in Asia
2841:BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
2711:10.1161/STROKEAHA.109.566851
1770:Traditional Chinese medicine
3472:Traditional Korean medicine
3275:Traditional Korean medicine
2955:10.1016/j.eujim.2017.08.005
2401:; Gerwin, Robert D (2010).
2070:"ChaeLab - Sasang Typology"
1829:
1811:
1708:Pugang Pharmaceutic Company
1125:Traditional Korean medicine
737:Alternative medical systems
366:Fabunan Antiviral Injection
132:Fringe medicine and science
3488:
3117:Traditional Hausa medicine
1486:, also known as Song-gen.
747:Biologically based therapy
307:Dental amalgam controversy
3443:
3265:Traditional Thai medicine
3133:
3087:Ancient Egyptian medicine
2620:10.1142/S0192415X10008275
1669:Pusan National University
1500:
1255:Japanese invasion in 1592
1135:) refers to the forms of
371:Facilitated communication
3321:Medicine in ancient Rome
2660:10.1186/1471-2407-10-130
2535:10.1177/1533210105279482
2217:
1842:Singh & Ernst (2008)
1236:National Museum of Korea
1195:ancient Chinese medicine
1036:Candida hypersensitivity
218:Fake COVID-19 treatments
32:This article is part of
2905:10.1186/1756-0500-3-284
2854:10.1186/1471-2261-10-33
2752:10.1186/1471-230X-10-36
1661:South Korean government
1161:North Hamgyong Province
710:COVID-19 misinformation
638:Young blood transfusion
518:Orthomolecular medicine
483:Mind–body interventions
153:Anthroposophic medicine
93:Rise of modern medicine
3311:Ancient Greek medicine
3218:Georgian folk medicine
2803:10.1186/1749-8546-5-28
2300:Singh & Ernst 2008
2288:Singh & Ernst 2008
2276:Singh & Ernst 2008
1607:
1411:(traditional medicine)
1385:
1238:
1169:founding myth of Korea
1152:
1121:
742:Mind–body intervention
693:MMR vaccine and autism
683:Vaccine misinformation
578:Rapid prompting method
2312:Singh; Ernst (2008).
1602:
1383:
1230:
1150:
1119:
1071:Vertebral subluxation
1020:Alternative diagnoses
608:Thought Field Therapy
248:Vertebral subluxation
3425:Prehistoric medicine
3363:Alternative medicine
3073:Traditional medicine
2739:BMC Gastroenterology
2411:. pp. 251–254.
2399:Arendt-Nielsen, Lars
2126:김, 준호 (2020-07-16).
1139:practiced in Korea.
1137:traditional medicine
1041:Chronic Lyme disease
770:Traditional medicine
752:Manipulative methods
553:Postural Integration
416:Bach flower remedies
292:Craniosacral therapy
120:Therapeutic nihilism
65:Alternative medicine
42:Alternative medicine
2516:Kim, Y.-S. (2005).
2356:Bioelectromagnetics
2315:Trick or Treatment?
1871:Wellcome Collection
1616:breech presentation
1478:medicinal mushrooms
1312:) or "greater yang"
1280:Korean Confucianism
688:Vaccines and autism
678:Anti-vaccinationism
671:OPV AIDS hypothesis
473:Megavitamin therapy
386:Functional medicine
163:Applied kinesiology
59:General information
3316:Byzantine medicine
3021:. Associated Press
2892:BMC Research Notes
2480:. p. 283291.
2464:Ulett, GA (2002).
1908:Dr. DiLeva, Rose.
1632:ulcerative colitis
1608:
1574:acupuncture points
1386:
1332:) or "greater yin"
1322:) or "lesser yang"
1239:
1153:
1122:
1056:Leaky gut syndrome
1031:Aerotoxic syndrome
968:Prophetic medicine
666:HIV/AIDS denialism
493:Myofascial release
401:Holistic dentistry
381:Feldenkrais Method
361:Estrogen dominance
287:Conversion therapy
3459:
3458:
3092:Tabernanthe iboga
3002:on July 31, 2020.
2368:10.1002/bem.20403
1735:Korean philosophy
1704:Royal Blood-Fresh
1483:Phellinus linteus
1342:) or "lesser yin"
1114:
1113:
841:Chinese herbology
598:Scientific racism
563:Psychodermatology
468:Medical intuitive
448:Lightning Process
406:Hologram bracelet
354:Therapeutic touch
255:Christian Science
228:Cancer treatments
16:(Redirected from
3479:
3449:
3448:
3177:Mapuche medicine
3139:
3066:
3059:
3052:
3043:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3026:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3001:
2995:. Archived from
2984:
2973:
2967:
2966:
2934:
2928:
2927:
2917:
2907:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2866:
2856:
2832:
2826:
2825:
2815:
2805:
2790:Chinese Medicine
2781:
2775:
2774:
2764:
2754:
2730:
2724:
2723:
2713:
2689:
2683:
2682:
2672:
2662:
2638:
2632:
2631:
2603:
2597:
2596:
2586:
2546:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2513:
2507:
2506:
2498:
2492:
2491:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2429:
2423:
2422:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2353:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2309:
2303:
2297:
2291:
2285:
2279:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2242:
2240:
2216:"Cheongsimhwan"
2212:
2206:
2205:
2199:
2191:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2165:
2164:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2123:
2117:
2114:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2072:. Archived from
2066:
2060:
2057:
2051:
2050:
2048:
2047:
2038:. Archived from
2032:
2026:
2025:
2023:
2021:
1998:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1967:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1927:
1921:
1915:. Archived from
1914:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1893:. Archived from
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1877:
1863:
1846:
1839:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1808:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1796:
1644:publication bias
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1502:
1439:Preparation for
1436:
1422:
1405:
1210:Sejong the Great
1106:
1099:
1092:
856:Gill plate trade
618:Vaginal steaming
265:Colloidal silver
233:Charcoal cleanse
52:
29:
21:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3481:
3480:
3478:
3477:
3476:
3462:
3461:
3460:
3455:
3439:
3398:herbs and fungi
3393:Herbal medicine
3346:
3330:
3299:
3255:Siddha medicine
3196:
3187:Navajo medicine
3140:
3131:
3127:Yorùbá medicine
3075:
3070:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3024:
3022:
3012:
3011:
3007:
2999:
2993:
2982:
2975:
2974:
2970:
2936:
2935:
2931:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2834:
2833:
2829:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2732:
2731:
2727:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2605:
2604:
2600:
2561:(5): CD003928.
2548:
2547:
2543:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2431:
2430:
2426:
2419:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2351:
2346:
2345:
2341:
2326:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2298:
2294:
2286:
2282:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2253:
2252:
2248:
2238:
2236:
2219:
2214:
2213:
2209:
2192:
2185:
2184:
2180:
2175:
2171:
2162:
2160:
2151:
2150:
2146:
2137:
2135:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2115:
2088:
2079:
2077:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2058:
2054:
2045:
2043:
2034:
2033:
2029:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2000:
1999:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1968:
1935:
1925:
1923:
1922:on July 7, 2011
1919:
1912:
1907:
1906:
1902:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1875:
1873:
1865:
1864:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1849:
1840:
1836:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1765:Sasang typology
1716:
1688:
1680:graduate school
1657:
1652:
1612:Cochrane Review
1590:
1543:
1516:
1514:clear-mind pill
1513:
1510:
1507:
1451:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1437:
1428:
1427:
1426:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1406:
1395:
1393:Herbal medicine
1378:
1268:Sasang typology
1145:
1110:
1081:
1080:
1026:Adrenal fatigue
1021:
1013:
1012:
787:Southern Africa
772:
762:
761:
732:
730:Classifications
722:
721:
698:in chiropractic
656:
648:
647:
568:Quantum healing
558:Psychic surgery
433:Ionized jewelry
396:Herbal medicine
344:Esoteric energy
334:Energy medicine
302:Cupping therapy
297:Crystal healing
270:Colon cleansing
208:Bowen technique
178:Auriculotherapy
133:
125:
124:
60:
23:
22:
18:Korean medicine
15:
12:
11:
5:
3485:
3483:
3475:
3474:
3464:
3463:
3457:
3456:
3444:
3441:
3440:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3401:
3400:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3354:
3352:
3348:
3347:
3345:
3344:
3338:
3336:
3332:
3331:
3329:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3307:
3305:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3297:
3295:Unani medicine
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3237:
3236:
3235:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3204:
3202:
3198:
3197:
3195:
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3152:Aztec medicine
3148:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3089:
3083:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3071:
3069:
3068:
3061:
3054:
3046:
3039:
3038:External links
3036:
3033:
3032:
3005:
2991:
2968:
2929:
2878:
2827:
2776:
2725:
2684:
2633:
2598:
2541:
2528:(2): 105–117.
2508:
2493:
2486:
2456:
2449:
2424:
2417:
2389:
2362:(4): 245–256.
2339:
2324:
2304:
2292:
2280:
2268:
2246:
2207:
2178:
2169:
2144:
2118:
2086:
2061:
2052:
2027:
2013:
1988:
1979:
1933:
1900:
1897:on 2015-04-09.
1882:
1857:
1856:
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1851:
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1847:
1834:
1790:
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1752:
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1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1715:
1712:
1706:, sold by the
1687:
1684:
1656:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1589:
1586:
1542:
1539:
1522:calculus bovis
1438:
1431:
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1429:
1424:
1417:
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1415:
1407:
1400:
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1377:
1374:
1344:
1343:
1333:
1323:
1313:
1305:Tae-Yang (태양,
1274:and his book,
1243:Joseon Dynasty
1191:Three Kingdoms
1144:
1141:
1133:Koryo medicine
1112:
1111:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1094:
1086:
1083:
1082:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1063:
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1053:
1048:
1043:
1038:
1033:
1028:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
965:
960:
955:
950:
945:
940:
935:
930:
925:
920:
915:
910:
905:
900:
899:
898:
893:
888:
883:
878:
876:Pressure point
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
843:
838:
828:
823:
818:
813:
808:
807:
806:
801:
791:
790:
789:
784:
773:
768:
767:
764:
763:
760:
759:
757:Energy therapy
754:
749:
744:
739:
733:
728:
727:
724:
723:
720:
719:
718:
717:
707:
702:
701:
700:
695:
690:
685:
675:
674:
673:
663:
657:
654:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
643:Zero balancing
640:
635:
630:
628:Vision therapy
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
590:
585:
580:
575:
570:
565:
560:
555:
550:
545:
543:Parapsychology
540:
535:
530:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
500:
495:
490:
485:
480:
475:
470:
465:
463:Manual therapy
460:
458:Magnet therapy
455:
450:
445:
440:
435:
430:
425:
420:
419:
418:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
357:
356:
351:
346:
341:
331:
326:
321:
320:
319:
312:Detoxification
309:
304:
299:
294:
289:
284:
279:
278:
277:
267:
262:
257:
252:
251:
250:
245:
235:
230:
225:
220:
215:
210:
205:
200:
195:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
150:
145:
140:
134:
131:
130:
127:
126:
123:
122:
117:
116:
115:
105:
100:
95:
90:
89:(health fraud)
84:
79:
78:
77:
72:
61:
58:
57:
54:
53:
45:
44:
38:
37:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3484:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3454:
3453:
3442:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3399:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3383:Ethnomedicine
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3355:
3353:
3349:
3343:
3342:Bush medicine
3340:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3308:
3306:
3302:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3182:Maya medicine
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3143:
3138:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3078:
3074:
3067:
3062:
3060:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3047:
3044:
3037:
3020:
3019:National Post
3016:
3009:
3006:
2998:
2994:
2992:9789290222248
2988:
2981:
2980:
2972:
2969:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2944:
2940:
2933:
2930:
2925:
2921:
2916:
2911:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2879:
2874:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2831:
2828:
2823:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2795:
2791:
2787:
2780:
2777:
2772:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2748:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2729:
2726:
2721:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2704:(4): 817–20.
2703:
2699:
2695:
2688:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2644:
2637:
2634:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2617:
2614:(5): 829–38.
2613:
2609:
2602:
2599:
2594:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2564:
2560:
2556:
2552:
2545:
2542:
2536:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2519:
2512:
2509:
2504:
2497:
2494:
2489:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2466:"Acupuncture"
2460:
2457:
2452:
2446:
2442:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2425:
2420:
2418:9780763752835
2414:
2410:
2406:
2405:
2400:
2393:
2390:
2385:
2381:
2377:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2361:
2357:
2350:
2343:
2340:
2335:
2331:
2327:
2325:9780593061299
2321:
2317:
2316:
2308:
2305:
2302:, p. 387
2301:
2296:
2293:
2290:, p. 107
2289:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2272:
2269:
2256:
2255:"Acupuncture"
2250:
2247:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2225:
2220:
2211:
2208:
2203:
2197:
2189:
2182:
2179:
2173:
2170:
2158:
2154:
2148:
2145:
2133:
2129:
2122:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2109:
2107:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2099:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2091:
2087:
2076:on 2010-11-15
2075:
2071:
2065:
2062:
2056:
2053:
2042:on 2011-10-08
2041:
2037:
2031:
2028:
2016:
2014:9789401714167
2010:
2006:
2005:
1997:
1995:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1964:
1962:
1960:
1958:
1956:
1954:
1952:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1944:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1926:September 14,
1918:
1911:
1904:
1901:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1859:
1852:
1843:
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1831:
1813:
1795:
1792:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1776:
1773:
1771:
1768:
1766:
1763:
1761:
1760:Pharmacognosy
1758:
1756:
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1751:
1748:
1746:
1743:
1741:
1738:
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1733:
1731:
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1713:
1711:
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1676:undergraduate
1672:
1670:
1665:
1662:
1654:
1649:
1647:
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1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
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1561:
1560:physiological
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1528:
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1492:cheongsimhwan
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1362:(東醫寶鑑, 동의보감,
1361:
1356:
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1338:
1334:
1331:
1328:
1325:Tae-Eum (태음,
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1315:So-Yang (소양,
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1260:Dongeui Bogam
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914:
913:Faith healing
911:
909:
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821:Bush medicine
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811:Balneotherapy
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655:Controversies
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623:Vegetotherapy
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148:Alkaline diet
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3450:
3415:Mithridatism
3274:
3213:Dhivehi beys
3023:. Retrieved
3018:
3008:
2997:the original
2978:
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2259:. Retrieved
2257:. NHSChoices
2249:
2237:. Retrieved
2222:
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2187:
2181:
2172:
2161:. Retrieved
2156:
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2131:
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2074:the original
2064:
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2040:the original
2030:
2018:. Retrieved
2003:
1982:
1974:
1970:
1924:. Retrieved
1917:the original
1903:
1895:the original
1885:
1874:. Retrieved
1870:
1861:
1837:
1794:
1720:Dongui Bogam
1689:
1673:
1666:
1658:
1640:hypertension
1636:constipation
1609:
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1556:histological
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1365:Dongui Bogam
1363:
1359:
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1353:
1349:
1345:
1335:So-Eum (소음,
1297:
1293:
1289:
1275:
1265:
1258:
1253:. After the
1249:, Saam, and
1240:
1232:Dongui Bogam
1221:
1217:
1213:
1206:King Taejong
1199:
1186:
1180:
1167:, where the
1154:
1132:
1124:
1123:
993:Thai massage
963:Naftalan oil
947:
836:Blood stasis
715:Turbo cancer
603:ThetaHealing
528:Osteomyology
428:Hypnotherapy
423:Hydrotherapy
329:Ear candling
324:Dry needling
275:Coffee enema
238:Chiropractic
203:Bone-setting
183:Bates method
168:Aromatherapy
26:
3420:Naturopathy
3388:Health care
2159:(in Korean)
2134:(in Korean)
2020:9 September
1745:Kyung-ok-ko
1692:North Korea
1593:Moxibustion
1588:Moxibustion
1582:moxibustion
1546:Acupuncture
1541:Acupuncture
1535:Chinese yam
1187:Samguk Yusa
1182:Jewang Ungi
1129:North Korea
953:Mien Shiang
871:Moxibustion
583:Reflexology
508:Oil pulling
503:Naturopathy
443:Jilly Juice
223:Camel urine
193:Black salve
143:Acupuncture
138:Acupressure
103:Antiscience
75:Terminology
3368:Apothecary
2647:BMC Cancer
2487:1576076539
2470:Shermer, M
2450:0750648570
2318:. Bantam.
2239:10 January
2163:2023-04-27
2138:2023-04-27
2080:2010-09-22
2046:2011-07-13
1977:(1), 8–13.
1876:2024-05-26
1853:References
1127:(known in
1051:Heavy legs
1008:Vietnamese
988:Sri Lankan
548:Phrenology
533:Osteopathy
523:Orthopathy
411:Homeopathy
317:Foot detox
213:Breathwork
158:Apitherapy
113:Scientific
108:Skepticism
3430:Shamanism
3378:Electuary
3172:Kallawaya
3167:Curandero
2963:1876-3820
2949:: 32–38.
2575:1469-493X
2334:190777228
2196:cite book
1700:Kumdang-2
1696:Pyongyang
1650:Education
1605:Sancheong
1570:meridians
1454:Herbalism
973:Shamanism
958:Mongolian
933:Kayakalpa
908:Curandero
826:Cambodian
816:Brazilian
613:Urophagia
573:Radionics
478:Mesmerism
438:Iridology
3466:Category
3410:Humorism
3208:Ayurveda
3145:Americas
3107:Saltigue
2924:21054851
2873:20602794
2822:20687948
2771:20374658
2720:20150551
2679:20374659
2628:20821815
2593:37158339
2584:10167788
2478:ABC-CLIO
2441:Elsevier
2435:(2000).
2376:18240287
2233:Archived
1830:Hyangyak
1812:Hanuihak
1714:See also
1463:cinnamon
1299:Yi Je-ma
1284:Yi Je-ma
1272:Yi Je-ma
1270:(사상의학).
1251:Yi Je-ma
1173:wormwood
1165:Gojoseon
943:Japanese
886:San Jiao
866:Meridian
794:Ayurveda
633:Vitalism
198:Bodywork
87:Quackery
34:a series
3435:Theriac
3358:Alchemy
3335:Oceania
3233:Ancient
2915:2987875
2898:: 284.
2864:2912786
2813:2922210
2762:2864201
2670:2873382
2653:: 130.
2472:(ed.).
2433:Mann, F
2384:7001749
1971:Koreana
1780:Yakchim
1725:Ginseng
1682:(4+4).
1527:ginseng
1508:
1376:Methods
1247:Heo Jun
1143:History
998:Tibetan
978:Shiatsu
923:Iranian
903:Chumash
896:Zang-fu
861:Long gu
851:Gua sha
831:Chinese
777:African
593:Rolfing
70:History
3304:Europe
3250:Ramuan
3102:Nganga
3080:Africa
2989:
2961:
2922:
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2698:Stroke
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1827:;
1821:;
1809:;
1803:;
1638:, and
1628:stroke
1624:cancer
1572:, and
1537:root.
1533:, and
1497:Korean
1441:hanyak
1409:hanyak
1202:Joseon
1177:garlic
1066:PANDAS
983:Siddha
948:Korean
891:Tui na
846:Dit da
513:Orgone
3351:Other
3245:Kampo
3223:Hilot
3025:1 May
3000:(PDF)
2983:(PDF)
2468:. In
2380:S2CID
2352:(PDF)
2261:2 May
1920:(PDF)
1913:(PDF)
1815:; or
1786:Notes
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1179:. In
1003:Unani
938:Kambo
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349:Reiki
3240:Jamu
3201:Asia
3097:Muti
3027:2020
2987:ISBN
2959:ISSN
2920:PMID
2869:PMID
2818:PMID
2767:PMID
2716:PMID
2675:PMID
2624:PMID
2589:PMID
2571:ISSN
2559:2023
2482:ISBN
2445:ISBN
2413:ISBN
2372:PMID
2330:OCLC
2320:ISBN
2263:2015
2241:2017
2202:link
2157:한의신문
2022:2016
2009:ISBN
1928:2010
1702:and
1659:The
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1505:lit.
1175:and
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782:Muti
588:RBOP
498:NAET
2951:doi
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2655:doi
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2579:PMC
2563:doi
2530:doi
2364:doi
2218:청심환
1806:韓醫學
1800:한의학
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