2293:
168:
66:
25:
613:
Elgin preferred an analysis of the language as having no long vowels and a single tone, the high tone (distinguished from "neutral, baseline pitch"), but she acknowledged that linguists using other formalisms would be justified in saying that there are two tones, high and low (or unmarked or mid).
564:
Láadan doesn't allow any double phonemes. Whenever two identical short vowels would occur side by side in a single morpheme, one of them has to be marked for high tone. When adding an affix would result in two identical vowels side by side, an
2866:
507:
series. Láadan contains a number of words that are used to make unambiguous statements that include how one feels about what one is saying. According to Elgin, this is designed to counter
3344:
3233:
2402:
3275:
494:, specifically to determine if development of a language aimed at expressing the views of women would shape a culture; a subsidiary hypothesis was that Western
3255:
2980:
502:
3260:
3219:
3265:
677:
561:
The word "Láadan" has three syllables: "lá-" with the short vowel /a/ plus high tone; "-a" with the short vowel /a/ and no tone; and "-dan".
3280:
3250:
2086:
particle, at the beginning of a sentence, can also carry several suffixes, which expand on the overall state of the sentence. For example,
1084:
867:
927:
2395:
947:
3334:
3270:
3226:
2218:
269:
251:
149:
52:
87:
80:
3324:
2492:
2442:
877:
3000:
440:
2388:
1245:
particle – this occurs at the end of statements and indicates the trustworthiness of the statement. They are:
659:
189:
3329:
3298:
2343:(The text says that "wo-" is a plural marker. This is an error; the plural marker is "me-", while "wo-" is a relativizer.)
1062:
908:
232:
130:
3339:
3293:
1327:
695:
204:
102:
3354:
3349:
2672:
937:
887:
2323:
1295:
Assumed false by speaker because speaker distrusts source; if evil intent by the source is also assumed, the form is
2244:
2809:
2362:
1040:
957:
857:
211:
185:
109:
38:
178:
76:
3303:
638:
3359:
2702:
2447:
1857:
713:
450:
2318:
218:
116:
2562:
829:
819:
414:
2334:
1117:
particle – this occurs at the beginning of the sentence and marks it as either a statement (
3032:
2469:
2308:
1854:
1080:
1058:
1036:
1017:
989:
973:
749:
709:
691:
673:
655:
634:
603:
591:
554:
542:
538:
342:
3156:
2735:
2517:
2459:
1025:
796:
786:
491:
200:
98:
2346:
1238:); without the tense particle, the sentence is assumed to have the same tense as the previous sentence.
3166:
3050:
2781:
2747:
2622:
2411:
2351:
2233:
1106:
955:
945:
935:
925:
906:
885:
875:
865:
855:
827:
817:
794:
784:
483:
333:
2801:
2764:
2532:
2454:
2184:
1320:
Used to indicate that the speaker states a total lack of knowledge as to the validity of the matter
511:
language's limitations on women, who are forced to respond "I know I said that, but I meant this".
487:
293:
498:
may be better suited for expressing the views of men than women. The language was included in her
3151:
3070:
3060:
2900:
2886:
2627:
2607:
2552:
2430:
2189:
2126:
744:
525:
348:
2303:
3007:
2920:
2892:
2856:
2819:
2752:
2632:
2425:
2214:
1339:
1199:
771:
766:
759:
754:
370:
338:
3106:
3065:
3055:
2945:
2925:
2846:
2834:
2720:
2637:
2464:
1865:
739:
734:
642:
495:
378:
3212:
2960:
2940:
2839:
2617:
778:
610:(Some people analyze these tone sequences as tonemic as well, for a total of four tones.)
499:
374:
2340:
225:
123:
606:, a long, high-falling tone, represented by a double vowel, the first of which is marked
3075:
2592:
2557:
2512:
1088:
594:, a long, low-rising tone, represented by a double vowel, the second of which is marked
44:
2292:
430:
3318:
3205:
3199:
3111:
2905:
2814:
2682:
2587:
2435:
1869:
1242:
1203:
508:
407:
1202:
particle – this occurs second in the sentence and marks it as either
3161:
2642:
2537:
1223:
480:
569:/h/ is inserted to prevent the forbidden sequence. The language will allow either
3121:
3116:
2871:
2791:
2769:
2602:
2597:
2580:
2568:
2507:
2298:
1373:
following a verb makes it negative. Separate clauses are joined by the particle
919:
315:
167:
65:
3091:
2985:
2950:
2692:
2657:
2547:
2375:
2356:
1213:
566:
3040:
3027:
2910:
2876:
2725:
2522:
2371:
1335:
1133:; in connected speech or writing, this particle is often omitted. They are:
970:
844:
423:
391:
398:
3101:
3017:
2995:
2975:
2935:
2930:
2829:
2774:
2740:
2710:
2667:
2662:
2647:
2527:
2121:
in Láadan are built up from a number of constituent parts. The consonant
475:
458:
446:
312:
2380:
3181:
3126:
3045:
3022:
2970:
2824:
2757:
2715:
2366:
2118:
1255:
Known to speaker because perceived by speaker, externally or internally
811:
454:
3176:
3012:
2990:
2965:
2915:
2861:
2851:
2652:
2612:
2264:
1358:
1354:
545:, a short, medium or low tone, represented by a single unmarked vowel
2333:(moderately paced lessons in Láadan by A.M.J. "Amberwind" Barnhart;
2265:
Society for the
Furtherance and Study of Fantasy and Science Fiction
1691:
1608:
3171:
3096:
2730:
2687:
2677:
2575:
1861:
623:
319:
3131:
2786:
2502:
1331:
1173:
Indicates a request; this is the usual imperative/"command" form
2384:
2245:
This is an Essay: The
Language and Legacy of Láadan (Evidently)
2209:
Foer, Joshua; Thuras, Dylan; Morton, Ella (20 September 2016).
1750:
1680:
1530:
1486:
1466:
1409:
2542:
1670:
161:
59:
18:
2286:
2157:
is used to mark a plural pronoun for numbers up to four, and
2151:
is prefixed to describe someone who is despised). The suffix
2330:
1786:
1476:
2137:
the third person. Usually, these are followed by the vowel
557:, a short, high tone, represented by a single marked vowel
457:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
1598:
2365:: a critical video review of the basics of Láadan as an
1635:
1557:
1163:
Indicates a command; very rare, except to small children
581:, but not *maa. These combinations can be described as:
3234:
La
Ricerca della Lingua Perfetta nella Cultura Europea
1285:
Assumed true by speaker because speaker trusts source
3243:
3192:
3144:
3084:
2885:
2800:
2701:
2491:
2480:
2418:
1143:
Indicates a declarative sentence (usually optional)
421:
405:
389:
384:
366:
328:
307:
299:
289:
284:
192:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2062:denotes male (otherwise female or gender neutral)
1864:to indicate various feelings and moods that many
2315:Elgin’s critique of others’ analysis of Láadan:
2098:begins a statement that is part of a narrative;
1024:with the same phonetic value as English. Three
3345:Constructed languages introduced in the 1980s
2396:
1310:Imagined or invented by speaker, hypothetical
8:
2170:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2105:
2099:
2093:
2087:
2071:
2065:
2055:
2045:
2035:
2025:
2015:
2005:
1995:
1985:
1975:
1965:
1955:
1945:
1935:
1925:
1915:
1905:
1899:
1889:
1374:
1368:
1362:
1349:
1343:
1313:
1303:
1296:
1288:
1278:
1268:
1258:
1248:
1233:
1227:
1217:
1207:
1186:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1146:
1136:
1124:
1118:
597:
585:
576:
570:
548:
532:
2145:is used to designate someone who is loved (
1091:
53:Learn how and when to remove these messages
2488:
2403:
2389:
2381:
2291:
2259:Elgin, Suzette Haden, & Diane Martin.
281:
2110:begins a question that is meant in jest.
270:Learn how and when to remove this message
252:Learn how and when to remove this message
150:Learn how and when to remove this message
2261:A First Dictionary and Grammar of Láadan
1874:
1386:
728:
3220:Conlanging: The Art of Crafting Tongues
2201:
1647:I would like to speak with you, please.
451:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
474:
86:Please improve this article by adding
1821:bíi ril le an hé eril ne bethudeha wa
1265:Known to speaker because self-evident
731:
678:near-close near-front unrounded vowel
7:
2274:: Routledge, 2005; pp. 169–182.
2163:for numbers beyond that. Therefore,
1868:can only indicate by tone of voice,
1105:Most Láadan sentences contain three
1085:voiceless alveolar lateral fricative
190:adding citations to reliable sources
2030:: "your money (gambling winnings)"
1342:, and the object is marked by the
1338:are interchangeable. There are no
528:. It utilises two distinct tones:
14:
3227:In the Land of Invented Languages
2270:Jones, Mari C. and Ishtla Singh,
2169:means "we, several beloved", and
1970:: "I was trying in vain to come"
1727:I hear the dogs will not be brown
1367:prefix to the verb. The particle
34:This article has multiple issues.
2304:Lesson One of Láadan Made Easier
1840:I know that you were at the cave
1579:PRS stroke/caress woman cat-OBJ
166:
64:
23:
2104:begins a request made in pain;
2042:possessor by unknown provenance
1715:bíi aril meleyan ra lanemid wáa
1388:Some basic sentences in Láadan
1275:Perceived by speaker in a dream
177:needs additional citations for
42:or discuss these issues on the
2372:Essays and guides about Láadan
660:open-mid front unrounded vowel
1:
3299:List of constructed languages
2175:means "they, many despised".
1573:bíi ril lámála with ruleth wa
1063:voiced postalveolar fricative
1028:require further explanation:
88:secondary or tertiary sources
2002:customary or legal possessor
1950:: "I tried in vain to come"
1910:: "unpleasantly bewildered"
1361:number is shown only by the
696:close-mid back rounded vowel
2299:Elgin's Láadan introduction
1904:: "pleasantly bewildered";
1644:REQ HYP speak/say I you-OBJ
3376:
1383:OBJ:object REQ:request ST
1041:voiceless dental fricative
318:, and featured in Elgin's
3304:List of language creators
3289:
2324:Just One More Láadan Myth
2272:Exploring Language Change
1967:bíi eril dúunásháad le wa
1585:The woman strokes the cat
918:
843:
810:
777:
758:
748:
738:
733:
639:open back unrounded vowel
437:
3335:Feminist science fiction
2092:begins a statement, but
1721:FUT PL-be_brown NEG dog
1447:PRS be_beautiful flower
714:close back rounded vowel
3325:Agglutinative languages
3276:Interlingue/Interlingua
2443:International auxiliary
2335:archived from prior URL
2213:. Workman. p. 23.
2171:
2165:
2159:
2153:
2147:
2106:
2100:
2094:
2088:
2072:
2066:
2056:
2046:
2036:
2026:
2016:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1966:
1956:
1947:bíi eril dúusháad le wa
1946:
1936:
1926:
1916:
1906:
1900:
1890:
1860:, and uses a number of
1811:
1800:
1792:
1782:
1772:
1764:
1756:
1746:
1736:
1705:
1697:
1687:
1676:
1666:
1656:
1630:
1622:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1563:
1552:
1544:
1536:
1526:
1516:
1504:Q PAST PL-go/come woman
1493:
1482:
1472:
1462:
1453:The flower is beautiful
1431:
1423:
1415:
1405:
1395:
1375:
1369:
1363:
1350:
1344:
1314:
1304:
1297:
1289:
1279:
1269:
1259:
1249:
1234:
1228:
1218:
1208:
1187:
1177:
1167:
1157:
1147:
1137:
1125:
1119:
598:
586:
577:
571:
549:
533:
373:, with influences from
2981:Middle-earth languages
2352:How to count in Láadan
2133:the second person and
1990:: "her mother's milk"
1927:bíi eril dusháad le wa
1829:embedded-clause-marker
1777:embedded-clause-marker
1507:Did the women go/come?
1092:
1043:(always as in English
492:Sapir–Whorf hypothesis
439:This article contains
75:relies excessively on
3256:Esperanto/Interlingua
3157:Esperanto orthography
2736:Pan-Germanic language
2518:Communicationssprache
2412:Constructed languages
1501:báa eril mesháad with
1441:bíi ril áya mahina wa
472:Láadan pronunciation:
3330:Engineered languages
2748:Pan-Romance language
2623:Latino sine flexione
2347:Láadan Working Group
1930:: "I tried to come"
1153:Indicates a question
490:in 1982 to test the
484:constructed language
334:Constructed language
186:improve this article
16:Constructed language
3340:Fictional languages
2765:Pan-Slavic language
2185:Language and gender
2070:: "mother/parent";
2050:: "the cats' food"
2022:possessor by chance
1872:or circumlocution.
1389:
1328:verb–subject–object
1232:) or hypothetical (
1193:Indicates a warning
1183:Indicates a promise
488:Suzette Haden Elgin
476:[ˈlɑ˦ɑˈdɑn]
294:Suzette Haden Elgin
3355:Gender in language
3350:1982 introductions
3152:Constructed script
2628:Lingua Franca Nova
2608:International Sign
2319:Myths About Láadan
2190:Muted group theory
1962:progressive aspect
1896:disgust or dislike
1641:bóo wil di le neth
1387:
1079: –
1057: –
1035: –
708: –
690: –
672: –
654: –
633: –
602: –
590: –
553: –
537: –
349:fictional language
3312:
3311:
3167:Tolkien's scripts
3140:
3139:
2857:Logopandecteision
2820:Dutton Speedwords
2753:Neolatino Romance
2633:Lingwa de planeta
2341:Some Láadan (PDF)
2080:
2079:
1982:natural possessor
1942:to try in vain to
1866:natural languages
1846:
1845:
1200:grammatical tense
974:/p,t,k,ɡ,s,z,f,v/
969:Láadan lacks the
967:
966:
496:natural languages
465:
464:
447:rendering support
443:phonetic symbols.
371:a priori language
308:Setting and usage
280:
279:
272:
262:
261:
254:
236:
160:
159:
152:
134:
57:
3367:
3261:Esperanto/Novial
3085:Ritual and other
2926:Elvish languages
2847:Lingua generalis
2835:Astrolinguistics
2489:
2405:
2398:
2391:
2382:
2359:
2309:A Láadan Sampler
2295:
2290:
2289:
2287:Official website
2247:
2242:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2224:
2206:
2174:
2168:
2162:
2156:
2150:
2109:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2075:
2069:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1903:
1893:
1875:
1788:
1752:
1693:
1682:
1672:
1637:
1610:
1600:
1559:
1532:
1488:
1478:
1468:
1411:
1390:
1378:
1372:
1366:
1353:
1347:
1330:(VSO) language.
1317:
1307:
1300:
1292:
1282:
1272:
1262:
1252:
1237:
1231:
1221:
1211:
1190:
1180:
1170:
1160:
1150:
1140:
1128:
1122:
1095:
1082:
1060:
1038:
1019:
991:
975:
961:
951:
941:
931:
912:
891:
881:
871:
861:
833:
823:
800:
790:
729:
711:
693:
675:
657:
636:
622:Láadan has five
605:
601:
593:
589:
580:
574:
556:
552:
544:
540:
536:
478:
473:
433:
417:
401:
394:
282:
275:
268:
257:
250:
246:
243:
237:
235:
194:
170:
162:
155:
148:
144:
141:
135:
133:
92:
68:
60:
49:
27:
26:
19:
3375:
3374:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3360:Tonal languages
3315:
3314:
3313:
3308:
3285:
3266:Ido/Interlingua
3239:
3213:Bridge of Words
3188:
3136:
3080:
2890:
2881:
2796:
2697:
2618:Langue nouvelle
2494:
2484:
2482:
2476:
2414:
2409:
2357:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2256:
2254:Further reading
2251:
2250:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2208:
2207:
2203:
2198:
2181:
2116:
2010:: "my husband"
1851:
1842:
1819:
1809:
1798:
1790:
1780:
1770:
1762:
1754:
1744:
1729:
1713:
1703:
1695:
1685:
1674:
1664:
1649:
1639:
1628:
1620:
1612:
1602:
1587:
1571:
1561:
1550:
1542:
1534:
1524:
1509:
1499:
1491:
1480:
1470:
1455:
1439:
1429:
1421:
1413:
1403:
1385:
1123:), a question (
1103:
752:
743:
727:
620:
522:
517:
500:science fiction
471:
445:Without proper
429:
413:
410:
397:
390:
362:
290:Created by
276:
265:
264:
263:
258:
247:
241:
238:
195:
193:
183:
171:
156:
145:
139:
136:
93:
91:
85:
81:primary sources
69:
28:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3373:
3371:
3363:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3317:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3290:
3287:
3286:
3284:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3240:
3238:
3237:
3230:
3223:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3196:
3194:
3190:
3189:
3187:
3186:
3185:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3148:
3146:
3142:
3141:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3094:
3088:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3063:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3004:
3003:
2998:
2993:
2988:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2897:
2895:
2883:
2882:
2880:
2879:
2874:
2869:
2867:Real Character
2864:
2859:
2854:
2849:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2832:
2827:
2822:
2817:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2778:
2777:
2772:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2755:
2745:
2744:
2743:
2733:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2713:
2707:
2705:
2699:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2690:
2685:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2625:
2620:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2584:
2583:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2565:
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2419:Classification
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2331:Láadan lessons
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1853:Láadan has an
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1836:observed-truth
1816:observed-truth
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311:experiment in
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3251:Esperanto/Ido
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531:
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509:male-centered
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504:Native Tongue
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444:
442:
436:
432:
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408:Linguist List
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393:
388:
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380:
376:
372:
369:
365:
355:
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351:
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347:
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343:philosophical
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323:Native Tongue
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253:
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217:
213:
210:
206:
203: –
202:
198:
197:Find sources:
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187:
181:
180:
175:This article
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169:
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154:
151:
143:
132:
129:
125:
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118:
115:
111:
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104:
101: –
100:
96:
95:Find sources:
89:
83:
82:
78:
73:This article
71:
67:
62:
61:
56:
54:
47:
46:
41:
40:
35:
30:
21:
20:
3232:
3225:
3218:
3211:
3204:
3162:Sitelen Pona
3033:
2955:
2569:esperantidos
2538:Esperanto II
2460:Experimental
2271:
2260:
2240:
2234:Elgin's blog
2229:
2210:
2204:
2142:
2141:. The vowel
2138:
2134:
2130:
2127:first person
2122:
2117:
2083:
2081:
2007:ebahid letho
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1419:be_beautiful
1418:
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1399:
1398:
1382:
1326:Láadan is a
1325:
1224:future tense
1130:
1114:
1104:
1076:
1068:
1066:
1065:(as English
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1005:
1001:
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993:
985:
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750:Postalveolar
717:
716:(as English
705:
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698:(as English
687:
681:
680:(as English
669:
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662:(as English
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563:
560:
524:Láadan is a
523:
503:
467:
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422:
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266:
248:
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196:
184:Please help
179:verification
176:
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137:
127:
120:
113:
106:
94:
74:
50:
43:
37:
36:Please help
33:
3244:Comparisons
3122:Palawa kani
3117:Medefaidrin
2792:Weltdeutsch
2782:Runyakitara
2770:Interslavic
2603:Interlingue
2598:Interlingua
2581:Interglossa
2508:Blissymbols
2263:. Madison:
2076:: "father"
1987:lalal betha
1827:PRS I know
1047:, never as
920:Approximant
486:created by
481:gynocentric
453:instead of
316:linguistics
3319:Categories
3271:Ido/Novial
3092:Balaibalan
2802:Engineered
2658:Pasilingua
2548:Mundolinco
2455:Engineered
2376:group blog
2196:References
2125:marks the
2084:speech-act
2027:losh nethi
1907:hahodimilh
1858:morphology
1849:Morphology
1336:adjectives
1214:past tense
1115:speech-act
976:. It uses
971:consonants
849:voiceless
725:Consonants
567:epenthetic
242:March 2013
212:newspapers
140:March 2013
110:newspapers
77:references
39:improve it
3145:Neography
3071:Verdurian
3041:Syldavian
3036:languages
3034:Star Wars
3028:Spocanian
2911:Brithenig
2901:Atlantean
2887:Fictional
2877:Toki Pona
2726:Eurolengo
2563:Universal
2523:Esperanto
2495:auxiliary
2483:languages
2481:Specific
2431:Fictional
1922:to try to
1825:statement
1801:bethudeha
1741:statement
1719:statement
1683:-be_brown
1661:statement
1618:speak/say
1577:statement
1521:statement
1445:statement
1400:statement
1131:et cetera
1107:particles
845:Fricative
515:Phonology
424:Glottolog
392:ISO 639-3
45:talk page
3102:Enochian
3061:Valyrian
3051:Tsolyáni
3018:Newspeak
2996:Sindarin
2931:Enchanta
2921:Dothraki
2893:artistic
2830:Kalaba-X
2775:Iazychie
2741:Tutonish
2711:Afrihili
2668:Solresol
2663:Sambahsa
2648:Nal Bino
2558:Romániço
2553:Reformed
2533:Arcaicam
2528:Adjuvilo
2485:by group
2426:Artistic
2179:See also
2119:Pronouns
2114:Pronouns
1901:hahodimi
1891:(-)lh(-)
1884:example
1489:-go/come
1340:articles
1243:evidence
1026:digraphs
745:Alveolar
459:Help:IPA
431:laad1235
345:language
339:artistic
313:feminist
201:"Láadan"
99:"Láadan"
3182:Tengwar
3127:Yerkish
3107:Eskayan
3066:Venedic
3056:Utopian
3046:Teonaht
3023:Simlish
3001:more...
2986:Adûnaic
2971:Lydnevi
2951:Kobaïan
2946:Klingon
2825:Ithkuil
2758:Romanid
2721:Efatese
2716:Budinos
2693:Volapük
2638:Mondial
2465:Musical
2367:artlang
2363:YouTube
2267:, 1988.
2037:-(e)the
2017:-(e)thi
1997:-(e)tho
1977:-(e)tha
1881:meaning
1862:affixes
1698:lanemid
1677:meleyan
1483:mesháad
1101:Grammar
896:voiced
812:Plosive
772:lateral
767:central
760:Glottal
755:Palatal
643:English
479:) is a
455:Unicode
379:English
367:Sources
329:Purpose
226:scholar
124:scholar
3294:Portal
3177:Sarati
3013:Nadsat
2991:Quenya
2966:Loxian
2961:Lapine
2956:Láadan
2941:Kiliki
2916:Dritok
2891:other
2862:Lojban
2852:Loglan
2840:Lincos
2653:Novial
2613:Kotava
2567:other
2217:
2172:lheben
2073:thulid
2057:-(h)id
1553:ruleth
1537:lámála
1427:flower
1424:mahina
1359:plural
1357:. The
1355:suffix
740:Dental
735:Labial
624:vowels
618:Vowels
468:Láadan
375:Navajo
354:Láadan
285:Láadan
228:
221:
214:
207:
199:
126:
119:
112:
105:
97:
3193:Study
3172:Cirth
3097:Damin
3076:Wenja
3008:Naʼvi
2976:Mänti
2936:Kēlen
2731:Guosa
2703:Zonal
2688:Uropi
2678:Unish
2593:Intal
2576:Glosa
2513:Bolak
2448:Zonal
2107:báada
2101:bóoth
2095:bíide
1878:Affix
1548:woman
1497:woman
1332:Verbs
1298:waálh
1089:Welsh
1045:think
779:Nasal
658:, an
637:, an
604:/lôː/
592:/lǒː/
520:Tones
320:novel
233:JSTOR
219:books
131:JSTOR
117:books
3132:Zaum
2787:Wede
2673:Sona
2503:Babm
2374:, a
2215:ISBN
2166:lazh
2148:lhe-
2082:The
2067:thul
1937:dúu-
1804:cave
1787:PAST
1783:eril
1768:know
1667:aril
1634:you-
1631:neth
1556:cat-
1545:with
1494:with
1477:PAST
1473:eril
1351:-eth
1334:and
1241:The
1229:aril
1219:eril
1198:The
1113:The
1093:llan
1087:(as
1083:, a
1067:plea
1061:, a
1049:then
1039:, a
718:boon
712:, a
700:home
694:, a
676:, a
664:bell
646:calm
641:(as
555:/ló/
543:/lò/
539:/lō/
377:and
341:and
303:1982
300:Date
205:news
103:news
2889:and
2810:aUI
2643:Neo
2543:Ido
2361:on
2154:-zh
2089:bíi
1957:ná-
1917:du-
1833:-at
1806:-at
1796:you
1751:PRS
1747:ril
1737:bíi
1706:wáa
1701:dog
1692:NEG
1671:FUT
1657:bíi
1636:OBJ
1609:HYP
1605:wil
1599:REQ
1595:bóo
1558:OBJ
1531:PRS
1527:ril
1517:bíi
1463:báa
1416:áya
1410:PRS
1406:ril
1396:bíi
1364:me-
1348:or
1345:-th
1315:wóo
1290:waá
1280:wáa
1235:wil
1222:),
1212:),
1209:ril
1188:Bée
1168:Bóo
1148:Báa
1138:Bíi
1129:),
1126:báa
1120:bíi
1081:/ɬ/
1071:ure
1059:/ʒ/
1037:/θ/
1020:),
1018:/j/
992:),
990:/ʃ/
905:zh
874:sh
864:lh
854:th
710:/u/
692:/o/
682:bit
674:/ɪ/
656:/ɛ/
635:/ɑ/
599:lóo
587:loó
578:maá
575:or
572:máa
541:or
441:IPA
415:ldn
399:ldn
188:by
79:to
3321::
2872:Ro
2160:-n
2129:,
1812:wa
1793:ne
1773:hé
1765:an
1757:le
1688:ra
1681:PL
1623:le
1615:di
1564:wa
1487:PL
1432:wa
1379:.
1376:hé
1370:ra
1305:wo
1270:we
1260:wi
1250:wa
1178:Bé
1158:Bó
1109::
1096:).
1077:lh
1073:),
1055:zh
1051:),
1033:th
1012:,
1008:,
1004:,
1000:,
996:,
986:sh
984:,
980:,
954:y
944:l
934:r
924:w
884:h
826:d
816:b
793:n
783:m
753:/
720:).
702:),
684:),
666:),
648:),
626::
550:ló
534:lo
90:.
48:.
2404:e
2397:t
2390:v
2337:)
2223:.
2143:a
2139:e
2135:b
2131:n
2123:l
1760:I
1626:I
1467:Q
1226:(
1216:(
1206:(
1069:s
1022:h
1016:(
1014:y
1010:w
1006:r
1002:l
998:n
994:m
988:(
982:d
978:b
960:/
958:j
956:/
950:/
948:l
946:/
940:/
938:ɹ
936:/
930:/
928:w
926:/
911:/
909:ʒ
907:/
890:/
888:h
886:/
880:/
878:ʃ
876:/
870:/
868:ɬ
866:/
860:/
858:θ
856:/
832:/
830:d
828:/
822:/
820:b
818:/
799:/
797:n
795:/
789:/
787:m
785:/
742:/
706:u
688:o
670:i
652:e
631:a
470:(
461:.
273:)
267:(
255:)
249:(
244:)
240:(
230:·
223:·
216:·
209:·
182:.
153:)
147:(
142:)
138:(
128:·
121:·
114:·
107:·
84:.
55:)
51:(
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