85:
by hardship and danger (14-20). He disdains hunger (21-25), like the gray wolf, whom he describes in an extended simile (36-41). As for thirst, he bears it better even than the desert grouse (36-41). After years of bearing the injustices of war, now he has to bear the pains of exile (44-48). But his endurance is limitless (42-43, 49-53). On the stormiest nights, he raids camps single-handed (54-61); on the hottest days, he goes bareheaded (62-64). Finally, he depicts himself standing on a hilltop after a day of walking across the desert, admired even by the wild goats (65-68).
84:
Shanfarฤ is being abandoned by his tribe, who have apparently become disgusted with his thievery (1-4). He says he would rather live in exile anyway, for he has a more faithful tribe in the wild beasts of the desert (5-9) and his own resources (10-13). Unlike his sedentary tribe, Shanfarฤ is unmoved
64:. The debate has not been resolved; if the poem is a later composition, it figures al-Shanfarฤ as an archetypal heroic outlaw, an anti-hero nostalgically imagined to expose the corruption of the society that produced him.
67:
Notwithstanding its fame, the poem contains a large number of linguistic obscurities, making it hard to understand in Arabic today, let alone to translate reliably. The major philological study of the work was by
39:). The poem also gained a foremost position in Western views of the Orient from the 1820s onwards. The poem takes its name from the last letter of each of its 68 lines, L (Arabic ู,
763:
Schanfarร -Studien, I. Teil: Der
Wortschatz der Lรขmรฎja nebst Ubers. und beige-fรผgtem Text; II. Teil: Parallelen und Kmt. zur Lรขmรฎja, Schanfara-Bibiliographie
139:
5. And each one (of them) is vehement in resistance, and brave; only, that I, when the first of the chased beasts present themselves, am (still) braver.
56:, but it has been suspected since medieval times that it was actually composed during the Islamic period. For example, the medieval commentator
453:
136:
4. They are a family with whom the confided secret is not betrayed; neither is the offender thrust out for that which has happened.
660:
Stetkevych, Suzanne
Pinckney (1986). "Archetype and Attribution in Early Arabic Poetry: al-Shanfara and the Lamiyyat al-Arab".
610:
Stetkevych, Suzanne
Pinckney (1986). "Archetype and Attribution in Early Arabic Poetry: al-Shanfara and the Lamiyyat al-Arab".
820:
133:
3. And I have (other) familiars besides you; โ a fierce wolf, and a sleek spotted (leopard), and a long-maned hyรฆna.
33:(the L-song of the Arabs) is the pre-eminent poem in the surviving canon of the pre-Islamic 'brigand-poets' (
61:
744:
704:
677:
627:
592:
571:
535:
527:
471:(Dฤr al-Warฤqa, 1972) (includes al-Zamakhsharฤซ's commentary, and that attributed to al-Mubarrad)
94:
A good example of the poem's style and tone is provided by distichs 5-7 (3-5 in some editions).
510:
Redhouse, J. W. (1881). "The L-Poem of the Arabs, โฎูุตูุฏุฉ ูุงู
ูุฉ ุงูุนุฑุจโฌ by
Shanfarร โฎููุณููุฑูโฌ".
57:
736:
669:
619:
563:
519:
53:
814:
539:
727:
Treadgold, Warren T. (1975). "A Verse
Translation of the 'Lฤmฤซyah' of Shanfarฤ".
554:
Treadgold, Warren T. (1975). "A Verse
Translation of the 'Lฤmฤซyah' of Shanfarฤ".
17:
208:
The following is a poetic translation for the first verses of
Lamiyyat al-'Arab
69:
48:
The poem is traditionally attributed to the putatively sixth-century CE outlaw (
791:, ed. by Marlรฉ Hammond (New York: Knopft, 2014), pp. 62-77 (p. 63), repr. from
673:
623:
523:
740:
567:
35:
606:, trans. by Charles Greville Tuetey (London: KPI, 1985), pp. 106โ7 .
708:
596:
531:
748:
575:
681:
631:
512:
The
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland
41:
189:
6. They are kin among whom a secret, once confided, is not revealed;
778:, ed. by Marlรฉ Hammond (New York: Knopft, 2014), pp. 62-77 (p. 62).
60:(d. 969 CE) reported that it was composed by the early anthologist
499:, 2nd edn, 3 vols (Paris: Imprimerie impรฉriale, 1826), II 134 ff.
695:
Sells, Michael (1983). "Shanfara's lamiyya: a new version".
583:
Sells, Michael (1983). "Shanfara's lamiyya: a new version".
198:
except that I, when the first of the prey appear, am braver.
604:
Classical Arabic Poetry: 162 Poems from
Imrulkais to Maโrri
180:
5. I have closer kin than you: a wolf, swift and sleek,
183:
a smooth and spotted leopard (smooth speckled snake),
476:
al-Lฤmiyyatฤn: Lฤmiyyat al-โArab, Lฤmiyyat al-โAjam
192:
nor is the criminal because of his crimes forsaken.
655:
653:
651:
649:
462:al-Shanfara, Qasidat Lamiyyat al-'Arab wa yaliha
370:ุซูููุงูุซููุฉู ุฃุตูุญููุงุจู : ูููุคูุงุฏู ู
ูุดูููููุนู
290:ูููู
ู ุงูุฃููููู ูุง ู
ูุณูุชููุฏูุนู ุงูุณูููุฑูู ุฐูุงุฆููุนู
195:7. Each one is haughty-proud and reckless-brave,
160:Thieves are not shunned, whatever they may dare.
722:
720:
718:
294:ููุฏูููููู
ู ูููุงู ุงูุฌูุงููู ุจูู
ูุง ุฌูุฑูู ููุฎููุฐููู
250:On earth, for the decent, there must be a haven
787:J. W. Redhouse, 'The L-Poem of the Arabs', in
354:ููุฅูููู ููููุงูููู ููููุฏู ู
ููู ููููุณู ุฌูุงุฒูููุงู
165:They are all proud and brave, but when we see
114:ููุฏูููููู
ู ูู๏ปปู ูฑููุฌูุงููู ุจูู
ูุง ุฌูุฑูู ููุฎูุฐููู
152:Smooth-coated leopard, jackal with long hair.
149:I have some nearer kin than you: swift wolf,
8:
662:International Journal of Middle East Studies
612:International Journal of Middle East Studies
298:A true family! They never spread your secret
254:To whom fears injustice, a land of isolation
386:ููุชููููู ู
ููู ุงูู
ููููุณ ุงูู
ูุชููููู ุชูุฒูููููู
306:ูููููููู ุฃูุจููููู ุจูุงุณูููู ุบููููุฑู ุฃููููููู
270:If he left, for hope or fear, and he's sane
157:With them, entrusted secrets are not told;
120:ุฅูุฐูุง ุนูุฑูุถูุชู ุฃููููู ูฑูุทููุฑูุงุฆูุฏู ุฃูุจูุณููู
111:ููู
ู ูฑู๏ปทูููู ๏ปป ู
ูุณูุชูููุฏูุนู ูฑูุณููุฑูู ุฐูุงุฆุนู
108:ููุฃูุฑูููุทู ุฒูููููููู ููุนูุฑูููุงุกู ุฌูููุฃููู
101:
458:A'jab al-'Ajab fi Sharh Lamiyyat al-'Arab
432:ููููุณููุชู ุจูู
ููููููุงูู ููุนูุดูููู ุณูููุงู
ููู
416:ููุฃุบูุฏู ุฎูู
ูููุตู ุงูุจูุทูู ูุง ููุณูุชููููุฒูููู
402:ุฅุฐุง ุฒููู ุนููุง ุงูุณูููููู
ู ุญูููููุชู ูุฃูููููุง
398:It's got a handle and was inlaid by stones
238:To those aims, horses and camps, I'll pull
168:The day's first quarry, I am breaver then.
469:Aโjab al-โArab fฤซ Sharแธฅ Lฤmiyyat al-โArab
436:ู
ูุฌูุฏููุนููุฉู ุณูููุจูุงููููุง ูููููู ุจููููููู
420:ุฅูู ุงูุฒูุงุฏู ุญููุฑูุตู ุฃู ูููุคุงุฏู ู
ููููููููู
378:I'm sufficed by three pals; a brave heart
350:The best in the folk is the man of honour
346:It's nothing but a kindness out of honour
310:ุฅุฐุง ุนูุฑูุถูุชู ุฃููููู ุงูุทูุฑูุงุฆููุฏู ุฃุจูุณูููู
302:Nor let you down in a trouble, to bear it
105:ููููู ุฏููููููู
ู ุฃูููููููู ุณููุฏู ุนูู
ููููุณู
440:I'm not a naive who returns from grazing
406:ู
ููุฑูุฒููุฃุฉู ุนูุฌููููู ุชููุฑููู ููุชูุนูููููู
374:ูุฃุจูููุถู ุฅุตููููุชู ููุตููููุฑูุงุกู ุนูููุทูููู
362:I'm no longer in need for the ungrateful
358:ุจูุญูุณููููู ููุง ูู ููุฑูุจูููู ู
ูุชูุนููููููู
258:ููุนูู
ุฑููู ู
ุง ูู ุงูุฃูุฑุถู ุถููู ุนููู ุงูู
ุฑุฆู
242:ูููู ุงูุฃูุฑุถู ู
ููุฃู ูููููุฑูู
ู ุนููู ุงูุฃูุฐู
645:
390:ุฑูุตูุงุฆูุนู ูุฏ ูููุทููุชู ุฅูููุง ููู
ูุญูู
ูููู
382:An unsheathed sword and a ruthless dart
117:ููููููู ุฃูุจูููู ุจูุงุณููู ุบูููุฑู ุฃููููููู
464:(Istanbul: Matba't al-Jawa'ib, 1300H).
394:My bow is strong, smooth and has tones
366:And whose presence is never delightful
334:I wait as only the greedy is impatient
262:ุณูุฑู ุฑุงุบูุจุงู ุฃูู ุฑุงููุจุงู ููููู ููุนูููู
234:Things are fated, and the moon is full
226:ููููุฏ ุญูู
ููุช ุงูุญุงุฌุงุชู ูุงูููููู ู
ููู
ูุฑู
428:But never hurry to food like a maniac
338:ูู
ุงุฐุงู ุฅูุง ุจูุณูุทูุฉู ุนู ุชูุถูู ุนููููููู
266:By you I swear, a man won't face pain
80:In the words of Warren T. Treadgold,
7:
793:Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society
443:With his camels un-fed, and starving
282:Iโve got a family; a wolf of stamina
274:ูููู ุฏูููููู
ุฃููููููู ุณูุฏู ุนูู
ููููุณู
214:ููุฅูููู ุฅููู ูููู
ู ุณููุงููู
ููุฃูู
ูููู
211:ุฃูููู
ูุง ุจููู ุฃูู
ูู ุตูุฏูุฑู ู
ูุทููููููู
424:And I return with a scrawny stomach
330:And when hands reach to the aliment
278:ููุฃูุฑููุทู ุฒูููููู ููุนูุฑูุงุกู ุฌููุฃููู
246:ูููููุง ููู
ูู ุฎุงูู ุงููููู ู
ูุชูุนูุฒููู
230:ููุดูุฏููุช ููุทูููุงุชู ู
ูุทุงูุง ููุฃูุฑูุญูู
222:As my soul, to other folks, adheres
218:O sons of my clan, fix your affairs
410:When the arrow takes off, it seems
314:Brave they are but I'm the bravest
286:A skinny leopard and a hairy hyena
102:
25:
789:Arabic Poems: A Bilingual Edition
776:Arabic Poems: A Bilingual Edition
550:, 15 (1971). (Prose translation.)
454:Muhammad ibn 'Umar al-Zamakhshari
414:Like a bereaved woman who screams
546:M. Hillman, 'Lฤmฤซyat al-โArab',
326:ุจุฃุนุฌููู
ุ ุฅุฐ ุฃุฌูุดูุนู ุงูููู
ู ุฃุนุฌู
322:ูุฅู ู
ุฏุชู ุงูุฃูุฏู ุฅูู ุงูุฒุงุฏ ูู
ุฃูู
318:When we spot a prey and chase it
774:'The L-Poem of the Arabs', in
1:
506:(Stuttgart, 1846), pp. 181-85
186:and a long-maned oneโa hyena.
729:Journal of Arabic Literature
556:Journal of Arabic Literature
837:
674:10.1017/S0020743800030518
624:10.1017/S0020743800030518
524:10.1017/S0035869X00017925
495:A. I. Silvestre de Sacy,
804:Translated by Jamal Sa'd
548:Literature East and West
100:
741:10.1163/157006475X00023
568:10.1163/157006475X00023
342:ููุงู ุงูุฃูุถูู ุงูู
ุชูุถูููู
201:
173:
142:
126:
87:
821:Medieval Arabic poems
177:
146:
130:
99:
82:
795:, 13 (1881), 437-67.
497:Chrestomathie Arabe
175:Stetkevych (1986):
97:The original text:
765:(Munich, 1914-15).
144:Treadgold (1975):
483:Lฤmiyyat al-โArab
128:Redhouse (1881):
30:Lฤmiyyฤt al-โArab
18:Lฤmiyyฤt โal-Arab
16:(Redirected from
828:
805:
802:
796:
785:
779:
772:
766:
759:
753:
752:
724:
713:
712:
692:
686:
685:
657:
635:
600:
579:
543:
478:(Damascus, 1966)
467:al-Zamakhsharฤซ,
204:Poem Translation
21:
836:
835:
831:
830:
829:
827:
826:
825:
811:
810:
809:
808:
803:
799:
786:
782:
773:
769:
760:
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726:
725:
716:
694:
693:
689:
659:
658:
647:
642:
609:
582:
553:
509:
492:
450:
445:
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441:
437:
433:
429:
425:
421:
417:
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387:
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367:
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206:
125:
124:
123:
92:
78:
62:Khalaf al-Aแธฅmar
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
834:
832:
824:
823:
813:
812:
807:
806:
797:
780:
767:
754:
714:
687:
668:(3): 361โ390.
644:
643:
641:
638:
637:
636:
618:(3): 361โ390.
607:
601:
580:
551:
544:
518:(3): 437โ467.
507:
500:
491:
488:
487:
486:
485:(Beirut, 1964)
481:Badฤซโ Sharฤซf,
479:
472:
465:
449:
446:
210:
205:
202:
200:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
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172:
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155:
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153:
141:
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134:
122:
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118:
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109:
106:
91:
88:
77:
74:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
833:
822:
819:
818:
816:
801:
798:
794:
790:
784:
781:
777:
771:
768:
764:
761:Georg Jacob,
758:
755:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
723:
721:
719:
715:
710:
706:
703:(1/2): 5โ25.
702:
698:
691:
688:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
656:
654:
652:
650:
646:
639:
633:
629:
625:
621:
617:
613:
608:
605:
602:
598:
594:
591:(1/2): 5โ25.
590:
586:
581:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
557:
552:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
513:
508:
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498:
494:
493:
489:
484:
480:
477:
473:
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466:
463:
459:
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384:
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328:
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296:
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268:
264:
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697:Al-'Arabiyya
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584:
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474:al-Mullลซhฤซ,
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76:Summary
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