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223:. It was the first time that the Hindus and Muslims had made a joint demand for political reform to the British. It led to a growing belief in British India that Home Rule (self-government) was a real possibility. The pact also marked the high-water mark of Hindu-Muslim unity. It established cordial relations between the Muslim League and the Indian National Congress. Before the pact, both parties were viewed as rivals who opposed each other and worked in their own interests. However, the pact brought a change in that view.
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despite the fact that the Muslim population represented less than a third. Apart from that, the
Congress agreed that no act affecting a community should be passed unless three-quarters of that community's members on the council supported it. After the signing of this pact the rivalry between moderates and extremists was reduced to some extent. There was a significant change in their relation.
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The
Congress also accepted Muslim demands such as weightage in elections and separate electorates. they earlier had rejected this concession given to Muslims in the Morley Minto reforms. This also highlighted that Congress accepted Muslim league status and that it was a separate party working for the
182:
for
Muslims in electing representatives to the Imperial and Provincial Legislative Councils. Although the Muslims were given this right in the Indian Council Act of 1909, the Indian National Congress opposed it. The Congress also agreed to the idea of one-third seats for the Muslims in the Councils
169:
The
British had announced under immense pressure from Indian masses, in order to satisfy the Indians, that they will be considering a series of proposal that would lead to at least half of the members of the Executive Council being elected and the Legislative Council having a majority of elected
254:
until his death in 1915 and later represented by Gandhi. Though Jinnah advocated a separate nation for the
Muslims 20 years later, in 1916 he was a member of both Congress and Muslim League, was an associate of Tilak, and hailed as 'ambassador of Hindu-Muslim Unity’.
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in
December 1916. Through the pact, the two parties agreed to allow representation to religious minorities in the provincial legislatures. The Muslim League leaders agreed to join the Congress movement demanding Indian autonomy. Scholars cite this as an example of a
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members needed. Both the
Congress and the Muslim League supported these. Both had realized that for further concessions to be gained, greater cooperation was required.
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interests of
Muslims. It also meant that the Hindus and Congress accepted that Hindus and Muslims are separate communities with different demands and interests.
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The
Lucknow Pact also helped in establishing cordial relations between the two prominent groups within the Indian National Congress – the '
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At least half of the members of the
Executive Council being elected, the Legislative council having a majority of elected members
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Laws/Motions which were passed by large majorities in the councils should be accepted as bindings by the British Government.
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Wilkinson, Steven Ian (September–October 2000), "India, Consociational Theory, and Ethnic Violence",
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Both parties presented some common demands to the British. They demanded:
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325:"Historic Lucknow Pact enters 100th year | Lucknow News - Times of India"
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The leaders of the Muslim League, 1940. Jinnah is seated at centre.
161:(who joined the Muslim League in 1913) participated in this event.
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The number of elected seats on the councils should be increased.
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Quaid-e-Azam College of Engineering and Technology, Sahiwal
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The History and Culture of Pakistan by Nigel Kelly page 61
144:(AIML) at a joint session of both the parties held in
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represented the Congress while framing the deal, and
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60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
219:The Lucknow Pact was seen as a beacon of hope to
201:Minorities in the provinces should be protected.
1889:Now or Never; Are We to Live or Perish Forever?
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961:
413:
8:
2534:Cities and towns in Lakhimpur Kheri district
2402:Feroze Gandhi Unchahar Thermal Power Station
2381:Chaudhary Charan Singh International Airport
207:Separating the executive from the judiciary
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891:List of properties of Muhammad Ali Jinnah
723:Quaid-e-Azam Inter Provincial Youth Games
204:All provinces should be granted autonomy.
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
391:, The Times of India, 29 December 2015.
389:Historic Lucknow Pact enters 100th year
281:
2544:Cities and towns in Raebareli district
1854:Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence
928:
885:Jinnah: India, Partition, Independence
136:was an agreement reached between the
7:
2564:Villages in Lakhimpur Kheri district
2549:Cities and towns in Sitapur district
2539:Cities and towns in Lucknow district
1861:Notes on Afghanistan and Baluchistan
916:
348:
346:
344:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
2529:Cities and towns in Hardoi district
733:Quaid-e-Azam International Hospital
355:The History and Culture of Pakistan
323:Sinha, Arunav (December 29, 2015).
2554:Cities and towns in Unnao district
2371:Barabanki–Lucknow Suburban Railway
859:Sindh Madressatul Islam University
743:Quaid-e-Azam Law College Nawabshah
648:Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre
27:1916 Indian Hindu-Muslim agreement
25:
2162:United Provinces of Agra and Oudh
618:Jinnah Medical and Dental College
377:Remembering Gopal Krishna Gokhale
1101:Muslim nationalism in South Asia
927:
915:
904:
903:
470:
379:, India Today, 19 February 2016.
187:Demands presented to the British
178:The Congress agreed to separate
34:
2440:Katarniaghat Wildlife Sanctuary
2376:Lucknow–Kanpur Suburban Railway
1896:Causes of Indian Mutiny of 1857
869:Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall
688:Jinnah's People's Memorial Hall
653:Jinnah Sindh Medical University
543:Aiwan-e-Nawadrat-e-Quaid-i-Azam
45:needs additional citations for
2574:Villages in Raebareli district
1710:Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi
728:Quaid-e-Azam International Cup
698:Mohammad Ali Jinnah University
357:. Peak Publishing. p. 61.
1:
1821:Muhammad Ibrahim Mir Sialkoti
1715:Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari
849:Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway
563:Mohammad Ali Jenah Expressway
153:practice in Indian politics.
2721:Indian independence movement
2569:Villages in Lucknow district
2435:Kishanpur Wildlife Sanctuary
1868:Pakistan: A Personal History
1608:Iftikhar Hussain Khan Mamdot
1393:Baba-e-Urdu Maulvi Abdul Haq
753:Quaid-e-Azam Medical College
643:Jinnah Polytechnic Institute
608:Jinnah International Airport
2589:People from Lakhimpur Kheri
2559:Villages in Hardoi district
678:Jinnah University for Women
2747:
2579:Villages in Unnao district
1806:Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni
1771:Amir Habibullah Khan Saadi
1654:Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan
1453:Nawab Mohammad Ismail Khan
1378:Nawab Waqar-ul-Mulk Kamboh
783:Quaid-e-Azam Tourist Lodge
763:Quaid-e-Azam Public School
708:Pakistan Muslim League (J)
663:Jinnah Stadium, Gujranwala
242:, Bal Gangadhar Tilak and
174:Agreements by the Congress
1801:Amir Abdullah Khan Rokhri
1458:Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy
1177:
1061:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
983:
899:
758:Quaid-e-Azam Police Medal
568:Governor's House, Karachi
468:
445:Fourteen Points of Jinnah
2445:Nawabganj Bird Sanctuary
2366:Charbagh railway station
1882:Pakistan: A Hard Country
1875:The Myth of Independence
1488:Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
1483:Mohammad Amir Ahmed Khan
1202:State emblem of Pakistan
1161:Constitution of Pakistan
1011:Indian Rebellion of 1857
738:Quaid-e-Azam Law College
703:Muhammad Ali Jinnah Road
593:Jinnah Convention Centre
588:Jinnah College for Women
573:Jinnah Antarctic Station
138:Indian National Congress
2450:Samaspur Bird Sanctuary
1791:Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi
1699:Ishtiaq Hussain Qureshi
1568:Muhammad Shafi Deobandi
1498:Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan
1433:Raja Ghazanfar Ali Khan
1111:Indian Independence Act
1086:Round Table Conferences
990:timeline: 1947–present)
793:Quaid-i-Azam University
773:Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park
668:Jinnah Stadium, Sialkot
603:Jinnah Hospital, Lahore
2420:Kukrail Reserve Forest
1811:Sardar Aurang Zeb Khan
1746:Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh
1679:Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum
1669:Sheikh Sir Abdul Qadir
1408:Chaudhry Khaliquzzaman
1254:Philosophical Congress
1203:
1194:
1185:
879:Governor General House
768:Quaid-e-Azam Residency
628:Jinnah Memorial Mosque
623:Jinnah Medical College
598:Jinnah Hospital, Kabul
548:Bagh-e-Jinnah, Karachi
525:Quaid-e-Azam Residency
2599:People from Raebareli
2152:University of Lucknow
1722:(Pir of Manki Sharif)
1684:Jalaludin Abdur Rahim
1649:Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas
1644:Hakeem Mohammad Saeed
1633:Abu Bakr Ahmad Haleem
1603:Shahnawaz Khan Mamdot
1363:Sadeq Mohammad Khan V
1201:
1192:
1183:
1131:Objectives Resolution
1071:Now or Never pamphlet
798:Tamgha-e-Quaid-e-Azam
658:Jinnah Sports Stadium
553:Bagh-e-Jinnah, Lahore
353:Kelly, Nigel (2014).
252:Gopal Krishna Gokhale
234:' faction led by the
2455:Sandi Bird Sanctuary
2430:Dudhwa Tiger Reserve
2425:Dudhwa National Park
1741:Lady Abdullah Haroon
1508:Shabbir Ahmad Usmani
1463:Jogendra Nath Mandal
1413:Choudhary Rahmat Ali
864:Quaid-i-Azam Academy
778:Quaid-e-Azam Stadium
748:Quaid-e-Azam Library
683:Jinnah-class frigate
270:Reservation in India
54:improve this article
2594:People from Lucknow
2271:Rivers, dams, lakes
1786:Fatima Sughra Begum
1659:Sardar Ibrahim Khan
1613:Sikandar Hayat Khan
1563:Adamjee Haji Dawood
1443:Ghulam Bhik Nairang
1368:Mian Muhammad Shafi
1348:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
1333:Maulana Shaukat Ali
1328:Mohammad Ali Jauhar
1249:Renaissance Society
1239:Student Federations
1036:Partition of Bengal
986:History of Pakistan
788:Quaid-e-Azam Trophy
429:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
159:Muhammad Ali Jinnah
155:Bal Gangadhar Tilak
2604:People from Unnao
2584:People from Hardoi
1796:Viqar-un-Nisa Noon
1756:Naseer Ahmad Malhi
1736:Jahanara Shahnawaz
1664:Fida Mohammad Khan
1639:Ghulam Rasool Mehr
1618:Shaukat Hayat Khan
1598:Mian Iftikharuddin
1573:Zafar Ahmad Usmani
1473:Khawaja Nazimuddin
1319:(Nawab Salimullah)
1204:
1195:
1186:
1141:Pakistani monarchy
1116:Partition of India
1006:East India Company
854:Quaid-i-Azam House
718:Quaid-e-Azam House
457:11th August Speech
329:The Times of India
221:Hindu–Muslim unity
2726:Pakistan Movement
2708:
2707:
2298:Languages, people
2221:Kakori conspiracy
2216:Khilafat Movement
2098:
2097:
2090:
2076:
2062:
2048:
2034:
2020:
2006:
1992:
1955:Deena Public Hall
1925:Pakistan Monument
1781:Sharif al Mujahid
1731:Hafeez Jalandhari
1503:Ashraf Ali Thanwi
1493:Qazi Mohammad Isa
1438:Jafar Khan Jamali
1403:Abdur Rab Nishtar
1398:Abdul Qayyum Khan
1373:Mian Abdul Rashid
1317:Khwaja Salimullah
1096:Direct Action Day
1091:Lahore Resolution
1081:Two nation theory
1066:Allahabad Address
1046:Khilafat Movement
1016:Deobandi Movement
977:Pakistan Movement
943:
942:
633:Jinnah Naval Base
483:and personal life
462:Two nation theory
437:Pakistan Movement
250:' faction led by
244:Bipin Chandra Pal
130:
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16:(Redirected from
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2201:Siege of Lucknow
2132:Lucknow division
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2014:
2000:
1986:
1950:National Library
1935:Ziarat Residency
1915:Minar-e-Pakistan
1847:Idea of Pakistan
1776:Habib Rahimtoola
1761:Ahmed Saeed Nagi
1583:Malik Barkat Ali
1578:Ahmed Ali Lahori
1418:A. K. Fazlul Huq
1388:Bahadur Yar Jung
1358:Liaquat Ali Khan
1338:Hakim Ajmal Khan
1193:Flag of Pakistan
1171:Protestant Islam
1166:British heritage
1156:National symbols
1151:Kashmir conflict
1051:Shuddhi movement
1026:Aligarh Movement
1021:Barelvi Movement
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2613:Other Divisions
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1984:Youm-e-Pakistan
1969:
1965:Jinnah Terminal
1901:
1832:
1816:Abdullah Ropari
1720:Amin ul-Hasanat
1543:Abdullah Haroon
1524:
1423:Jamaat Ali Shah
1307:Syed Ahmad Khan
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2315:Standard Hindi
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2082:Youm-e-Viladat
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2022:
2008:
1994:
1979:
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1971:
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1968:
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1920:Bab-e-Pakistan
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1911:
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1726:Syed Wajid Ali
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1628:Ziauddin Ahmad
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1555:
1553:Mahmoud Haroon
1550:
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1534:
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1523:
1522:
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1513:Zafar Ali Khan
1510:
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1468:K. H. Khurshid
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1365:
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1355:
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1343:Muhammad Iqbal
1340:
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839:Cinnah Caddesi
836:
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613:Jinnah Mansion
610:
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585:
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578:Jinnah Barrage
575:
570:
565:
560:
558:Cinnah Caddesi
555:
550:
545:
539:
537:
531:
530:
528:
527:
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512:
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495:Shireen Jinnah
492:
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297:(5): 767–791,
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216:
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151:consociational
128:
127:
69:"Lucknow Pact"
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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2386:Lucknow Metro
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2209:
2207:
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2199:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2167:Bara Imambara
2165:
2163:
2160:
2158:
2157:Firangi Mahal
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2133:
2126:
2121:
2119:
2114:
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2107:
2106:
2103:
2091:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2077:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2055:
2054:Youm-e-Tasees
2051:
2049:
2046:
2041:
2037:
2035:
2032:
2027:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2013:
2012:Youm-e-Takbir
2009:
2007:
2004:
1999:
1998:Youm-e-Dastur
1995:
1993:
1990:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1978:
1976:
1972:
1966:
1963:
1961:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1945:Wazir Mansion
1943:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1930:Mazar-e-Quaid
1928:
1926:
1923:
1921:
1918:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1910:
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1898:
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1769:
1767:
1766:Niaz Ali Khan
1764:
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1759:
1757:
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1623:Muhammad Asad
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1593:Yusuf Khattak
1591:
1589:
1588:Aslam Khattak
1586:
1584:
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1478:Mahmud Husain
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
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1448:Hasrat Mohani
1446:
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1379:
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1371:
1369:
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1359:
1356:
1354:
1353:Fatima Jinnah
1351:
1349:
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1235:
1232:
1228:
1227:Bengal Branch
1225:
1223:
1222:Punjab Branch
1220:
1219:
1218:
1217:Muslim League
1215:
1214:
1212:
1210:Organisations
1208:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
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1057:
1054:
1052:
1049:
1047:
1044:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1031:Urdu movement
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
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1007:
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1001:
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987:
982:
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847:
845:
844:Mazar-e-Quaid
842:
840:
837:
835:
833:
829:
827:
826:Bagh-e-Jinnah
824:
822:
821:
817:
815:
812:
811:
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805:
799:
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729:
726:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
704:
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699:
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693:Mazar-e-Quaid
691:
689:
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669:
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664:
661:
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611:
609:
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589:
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584:
583:Jinnah Bridge
581:
579:
576:
574:
571:
569:
566:
564:
561:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
538:
536:
532:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
515:Wazir Mansion
513:
511:
508:
506:
505:Maryam Jinnah
503:
501:
500:Emibai Jinnah
498:
496:
493:
491:
490:Fatima Jinnah
488:
487:
485:
482:
478:
473:
463:
460:
458:
455:
453:
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448:
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142:Muslim League
139:
135:
124:
121:
113:
110:December 2018
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78:
74:
71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
2508:Mohanlalganj
2206:Lucknow Pact
2205:
2182:
2086:
2081:
2072:
2068:Youm-e-Iqbal
2067:
2058:
2053:
2044:
2040:Youm-e-Difah
2039:
2030:
2026:Youm-e-Azadi
2025:
2016:
2011:
2002:
1997:
1988:
1983:
1960:Bab-e-Khyber
1940:Iqbal's Tom'
1907:Architecture
1895:
1888:
1881:
1874:
1867:
1860:
1853:
1846:
1825:
1751:Fatima Begum
1689:Z. A. Suleri
1674:M. M. Sharif
1558:Altaf Husain
1548:Yusuf Haroon
1538:Hamid Nizami
1517:
1312:Aga Khan III
1286:
1279:
1272:
1264:
1146:Republic Day
1136:Independence
1076:World War II
1056:Nehru Report
1041:Lucknow Pact
1040:
932:
920:
908:
883:
831:
818:
673:Jinnah Tower
451:Lucknow Pact
450:
449:
384:
372:
363:
354:
332:. Retrieved
328:
318:
294:
291:Asian Survey
290:
284:
246:), and the '
229:
225:
218:
190:
177:
168:
134:Lucknow Pact
133:
131:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
18:Lucknow pact
2413:sanctuaries
2185:(newspaper)
2183:The Pioneer
2177:Lucknow Zoo
2087:25 December
2045:6 September
1280:Nawa-i-Waqt
1259:Print media
1126:Durand Line
814:Caucus Case
638:Jinnah Park
520:South Court
236:Lal Bal Pal
180:electorates
2715:Categories
2695:Saharanpur
2650:Chitrakoot
2498:Rae Bareli
2395:Industries
2310:Hindustani
2073:9 November
2059:24 October
1838:Literature
1704:Jalal Baba
1428:G. M. Syed
1287:Contractor
934:Wikiquotes
874:Jinnah Cap
820:My Brother
510:Dina Wadia
334:2020-06-01
276:References
265:Poona Pact
215:Importance
165:Background
80:newspapers
2690:Prayagraj
2685:Moradabad
2660:Gorakhpur
2655:Devipatan
2488:Dhaurahra
2464:Lok Sabha
2329:Transport
2252:Raebareli
2230:Districts
2031:14 August
1975:In Memory
1694:G. Allana
1530:Activists
535:Memorials
232:extremist
2700:Varanasi
2680:Mirzapur
2640:Bareilly
2635:Azamgarh
2522:See also
2411:Wildlife
2285:(Sarayu)
2283:Ghaghara
2003:10 April
1989:23 March
1637:Maulana
1244:Khaksars
1234:Unionist
910:Category
259:See also
248:moderate
140:and the
2630:Ayodhya
2625:Aligarh
2503:Sitapur
2493:Lucknow
2478:Misrikh
2257:Sitapur
2247:Lucknow
2194:History
2140:General
1706:of NWFP
1298:Leaders
998:History
922:Commons
807:Related
311:3021176
146:Lucknow
94:scholar
2675:Meerut
2670:Kanpur
2665:Jhansi
2473:Hardoi
2361:NH 56B
2356:NH 56A
2346:NH 25A
2336:NH 24B
2305:Awadhi
2278:Ganges
2237:Hardoi
2134:topics
2017:28 May
1271:Daily
834:(film)
832:Jinnah
481:Family
309:
238:trio (
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
2645:Basti
2513:Unnao
2483:Kheri
2351:NH 56
2341:NH 25
2289:Gomti
2262:Unnao
2147:Awadh
307:JSTOR
101:JSTOR
87:books
2620:Agra
2320:Urdu
1827:more
1519:more
1305:Sir
1273:Jang
1265:Dawn
132:The
73:news
299:doi
56:by
2717::
343:^
327:.
305:,
295:40
293:,
2124:e
2117:t
2110:v
2089:)
2085:(
2075:)
2071:(
2061:)
2057:(
2047:)
2043:(
2033:)
2029:(
2019:)
2015:(
2005:)
2001:(
1991:)
1987:(
988:(
969:e
962:t
955:v
421:e
414:t
407:v
337:.
301::
123:)
117:(
112:)
108:(
98:·
91:·
84:·
77:·
50:.
20:)
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