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814:. Even though the Protestant Prussians were, in principle, tolerant of Catholic beliefs, state Protestantism inevitably took its toll on the Abbey. Due to the disenfranchisement of the great Catholic foundations, the Abbey's revenue sources quickly dried up. The Abbey buckled under high tax duties. Finally, the Abbey was dissolved on November 21, 1810. The holdings of the Abbey, including the contents of 59 villages and 32 agricultural holdings, were nationalized. A year later, after the closure, 471 valuable paintings, including several by Willmann, were relocated to the new Gemäldegalerie in Wrocław. The same was done with large portions of the monastery library and archives.
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of the ambulatory, covered with domes and with altars of St. Benedict and St. Bernard. The domes were decorated with stucco and frescoes in 1691/92. In the ambulatory, a memorial for the eight bishops of Wrocław interred there and valuable choir grille were erected in 1701. In 1781 a new high altar was erected, an artistic collaboration between
Michael Willmann and sculptor Matthias Steinl. In total, Michael Willmann created 14 large baroque paintings for the church. At the beginning of the 18th century, the church was given a magnificent front with the new main facade. The new twin towers were crowned with baroque domes and the newly created space became the
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predecessor, Freiberger, and was completed ten years later. The redesign of the monastery church of the
Assumption took place from 1672 to 1681. The predominantly Gothic monastery buildings were torn down. The two wings of the new complex were completed in 1699, but due to lack of funds further expansion of the complex was abandoned. Reich's successors continued the interior renovation of the monastery well into the 18th century. The abbots had a town house erected in Legnica, and perhaps the most visible feature of the modern Abbey, the double-towered facade, was completed. In 1727, a
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755:. All over the Abbey's area, existing buildings were renovated and new buildings were built in the baroque style. Despite the traditional Cistercian compulsion towards modest architecture, the open-minded monks did not object to the exuberant baroque renovations. Abbot Arnold Freiberger presided over this growth. The Abbey's many destroyed revenue sources were rebuilt, and many new ones were built. With the economic upturn, the enormous debts, especially taken on during the war, could be paid off. The
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1107: It was restored from 1990–1995. The Prince's Hall forms the eastern end of the prelature, the long corridor of which leads to the exuberant baroque portal that occupies the entire front wall. The entrance to the Prince's Hall is framed by two larger-than-life atlases, an Indian and a Moor. The upper end of the polychrome portal frame, made of white stucco, shows the abbey coat of arms with two supporters.
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488:. Henry's reign brought a considerable increase in power in Silesia, including through the acquisition of the Duchy of Krakow in 1232, which made him Senior Duke of Poland. His rule ushered in a heyday of the monastery. In 1202 the monastery already owned 27 villages and towns, some of which it had built itself and some of which had been donated to it.
1035:. From there a baroque portal led into the church. A Loreto chapel was also built north of the transept, in keeping with current European trends. Over the next few centuries, minor renovations and repairs to this structure were made, with the biggest project being the renewal of Gothic windows from 1934-1937.
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The abbey library is located above the refectory of the convent building. It occupies the second and third floors, with a ceiling height of 12 meters. It is thought to be the largest baroque library in
Silesia. The bookshelves which once furnished the room were lost after the abbey's dissolution. The
1126:. On the edge of the western part of the ceiling painting is the defeat of the Battle of Liegnitz (1241) depicted with the Silesian Duke Henry II. Henry's ancestor Boleslaw I is depicted founding the monastery. Putti with the monastery coat of arms climb up to his right. On the opposite side there is
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In 1672, Johann Reich was elected Abbot of Lubiąż. Abbot Reich continued the work of his predecessor until 1691 and the good financial situation of the monastery enabled him to redesign the monastery. The first construction project, the renovation of the princely chapel, started in 1670 under Reich's
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took a personal hand in the rebuilding of the Abbey, seeing it as a means to reconstruct the influence of
Catholicism in the area. One prominent example of the Abbey's role in the Counter-Reformation was the construction of St. Valentine's Parish Church in Lubiąż village. Despite these successes, the
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In the last two decades, various propositions have been made for the future of the abbey, including one that plans to convert the Abbey into a convention center and luxury hotel, however, this proposition is not seen as feasible. To date, only the gatehouse has been restored and the roofs installed.
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were quartered in the empty complex, and a psychiatric hospital for them was set up. During this time, significant damage was inflicted upon the abbey, with interior decorations being deliberately defaced, wooden furnishings burned in stoves, and crypts being robbed for valuables. Consequently, only
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is housed on the ground floor of the southern end of the convent building. In terms of location, it is near the Prince's Hall, however, unlike the Prince's Hall, the refectory has a vaulted ceiling. The ceiling paintings dating to 1733 are by Felix Anton
Scheffler, and show, in keeping with the use
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The dominant work of art in the hall is the ceiling fresco, which extends over 360 square meters. These are ten paintings that are attached to the wooden ceiling construction and together make up "one of the greatest oil paintings on the ceiling in art history". Its creator
Christian Philipp Bentum
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The interior of the church was comprehensively redesigned in
Baroque style. From 1672 to 1682 the aisles were widened and decorated barrel vaulting added. The Gothic arches and the pillars of the central nave were fundamentally redesigned. "Open" chapels were laid out on the north and south corners
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In the 17th century the church was redesigned several times, although it retained its Gothic structure. In keeping with the taste of the
Renaissance, the interior was repainted in the early 17th century, and the choir was redecorated with a new high altar, pulpit and choir stalls. After the looting
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The monastery church got its present form towards the end of the 13th century. The old
Romanesque church was demolished and the foundations were partially used for its larger successor building. Bricks were again the principal material and stone was used for architectural detailing. The three-aisle
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The good financial situation made it possible to renovate the monastery buildings in a Gothic style, since the monastery church had become too small for the growing monastery. I 1307, the foundation stone for the new brick gothic basilica was laid. This phase of construction lasted for decades, and
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By the middle of the 13th century, Lubiąż Monastery had founded around 70 villages, settled by German colonists. By the 14th century Lubiąż became a cultural center of all East-Central Europe, with the monastery school and library (scriptorium) being especially notable. The economic strength of the
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After the Red Army soldiers withdrew in 1950, the devastated monastery was not used and had no owner. Some rooms were used as storage, especially for leftover books, such as the summer refectory, in which books were stored up to the ceiling. After the last renovation in 1937, no further repairs or
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or murdered by the
Germans on the spot. On January 25, 1945, the entire facility was evacuated, and the files housed in it were destroyed or lost. The functions of the monastery during World War II are still somewhat nebulous to this day due to this destruction. In 1985, a commemorative plaque was
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After almost two centuries of decline, the situation improved significantly under Abbot Rudolf von Hennersdorf. This development was initiated with the construction of the large gatehouse in 1601. This was followed by a renovation of the abbey Church from 1608 to 1636, which was refurbished in the
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ceiling paintings of the ducal chapel, nothing has been preserved of the interiors and furnishings of the monastery church. The tomb of Bolesław III, which once was the centerpiece of the ducal chapel, was moved to the National Museum in Wrocław. Today the church is almost in its original Gothic
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rockets. In January 1943, plans were drawn up to build high-voltage lines to the former monastery and a small sewage treatment plant was built. In addition, two new Oder crossings were built and the area was equipped with fog systems to protect it from enemy aircraft. In March of the same year,
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In 1498, Andreas Hoffman became Abbot, continuing in this position until 1524. Hoffman returned the abbey back to its former purpose, and fortified it with stone earthen ramparts in the case of another war. In 1508, he had the abbey church, which had been in ruins since the Hussite invasion,
451:) and settled them in Lubiąż as the first of their order in Silesia. Due to lack of funding and political turmoil, construction, which started in 1163, dragged on for years. The first monastery complex was finally completed 1175, when Duke Bolesław I issued the official foundation charter at
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by the Swedes in 1638, the church had to be repaired again. Abbot Freiberger had the church renovated, and a new organ was bought for 1000 thalers. Seven baroque paintings, intended for the choir, of the martyrdoms of the Apostles were commissioned for Michael Willmann at the same time.
1114:. Busts of Habsburg rulers are placed above them. The ballroom was built in the last construction phase of the monastery from 1734 to 1738 and represents one of the most magnificent of the European baroque. The walls and portals are altogether richly decorated with paint and stucco.
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being displayed. The rectangular main painting is surrounded by 14 smaller medallions that continue the themes and are embedded in white stucco. Some antique furniture is displayed in the hall, along with various art exhibitions organized by the Museum of Silesian Regional Studies.
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in 1241. However, Lubiąż monastery and its monastic properties were miraculously spared, leading the abbey to play a significant role in the rebuilding of the country. However, a stagnation started following the death of Duke Henry II the Pious on April 9, 1241 at the
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The 13th century also brought with it an expansion of the reformist Cistercians originating from Lubiąż, which manifested itself in the takeover and re-establishment of monasteries in different parts of Poland. In 1220 Pope Honorius III handed over the Cistercian
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Even before the arrival of the Cistercian monks from Pforta, a wooden church had been built. With the increasing importance of the monastery, a new church became necessary, which was completed around 1200. The Romanesque church was a simple, three-aisle
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monastery and church of Saint James may have been established about 1150, but, if it had ever existed, had already been abandoned before 1163. At any rate, the area was densely forested well into the 12th century. The area had been mainly inhabited by
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visited the plant with a delegation from Telefunken. In this time, any religious functions the Abbey still held were completely terminated to keep the factories and labs under strict secrecy. The Luxembourgish prisoners were either deported to other
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in the immediate aftermath of the World War II in order to replace furnishings destroyed by the German invaders there. For instance, the so-called "angel stalls" that once decorated the Choir were mainly burned, with the remains being exhibited in
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At the moment only very few rooms are used. The main preserved halls are open for group tours. In the Summer Refectory and in the northern part of the Prelature, there are rotating exhibitions on Silesian topics, organized by the
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in 1517, the 16th century did not begin promisingly for the monastery. Over the course of this century, the Abbey recorded ever-smaller entry numbers, and the foundation suffered. In addition, Protestant polities such as the
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immortalized himself in the south corner with a self-portrait and a signature including the year 1732. In the ceiling painting, the iconography of the Princely Hall reaches its climax with glorifications of the Silesian
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factory and research laboratories for developing radar receivers. A company called “Schlesische Werkstätten Dr. Fürstenau & Co., GmbH ” also set up shop in the Abbey. These companies manufactured armaments using
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The Old refectory, now Abbot's dining hall is located in the northern wing of the prelature. It was decorated between 1690 and 1691 by Michael L. Willmann. The frescos have Greek mythological themes, with a hero's
925:, was established on September 9, 1989, which took full ownership of the monastery grounds. The foundation has been renovating the monastery with donations to since then. It receives financial support from the
992:. This corresponded to the rules of the Cistercian order. This church was the first brick vaulted building in Poland. Later re-buildings have erased most traces of this ancient church, save for a decorated
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651:. The monastery continuously expanded its land holdings and owned extensive estates and around 65 villages with large agricultural estates in Silesia, but also had properties in the east, near
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in front of battle scenes, which depict the “victory of the Catholic faith over demons, vices and heresies”. The long sides show in the north of the scene of the marriage of Maria Theresa to
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Despite the functions of the Abbey, it was never directly damaged during the war. Following the end of the war, in 1945, the abbey became again part of Poland. Soldiers of the victorious
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The hall occupies two floors, and there is a gallery on the west side of the hall. Between the two rows of windows are ten scenes, by Christian Philipp Bentum, from the life of Empress
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one set of remains in the Abbey crypt can still be identified (the mummy of Michael Willman), with the rest of the remains having been disturbed and eventually deposited into a pile.
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troops and their Saxon allies, who plundered the newly renovated Church. Significant portions of the monastery's library were plundered and sent down the Oder to the Swedish-occupied
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greatly expanded their holdings at the expense of the weakened abbey. Although Silesia was returned to Catholic hands by 1526, the monastery was unable to reverse its decline.
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expelled the Cistercian monks and repurposed the monastery to a hunting lodge. The Cistercians were not able to return until seven years later, when Jan II retired to
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were urged by the Bishop of Kraków to use the economically and culturally successful monastery for the further development of the country. In 1227, the Piasts founded
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decided to set up a Cistercian cultural route, connecting the Abbey to other Cistercian foundations in Europe. Intending to revive the monastery for investment, the
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Because of the gradual defeat of Protestantism in Silesia, Lubiąż Monastery regained great cultural importance. In 1660, Arnold Freiberger had recruited the painter
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With a length of 28.5 meters, a width of 14.8 meters, and a height of 13.9 meters, the Prince's Hall is the largest and most important room of the Abbey. Historian
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in 1813, the monastery buildings found a new use as a hospital. After the end of the war, the hospital was no longer needed, so the Abbey was split between a royal
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Protestant-settled villages and their Protestant rulers around the monastery restricted its growth and stymied the efforts of the Counter-Reformation in Silesia.
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summoned some Cistercians from Lubiąż to Lesser Poland in 1222 , gave them the village of Mogiła and donated the local monastery church as the nucleus for a
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building in the region. When Duke Bolesław I died in 1201, he was buried under the high altar. The rise of Lubiąż continued under the rule of his son Duke
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appearance, as all baroque decorations having been removed or, like most of the altars, burned. The surviving altars and stalls were moved to a church in
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While the monastery benefited from the Habsburg rulers and the Counter-Reformation led by them, the Abbey's heyday was abruptly ended in 1742. After the
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Association. The Fürstensaal was already used as a ballroom when it was built and today is used as a dignified venue for concerts and balls.
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in 1246 to take over the town's 1210-founded Augustinian monastery, officially settling it in 1249 following the intervention of Pope
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the current structure of the Abbey Church dates back to this era. In this time, several princely Chapels and tombs, such as that of
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in Poland in 1989, repair work began again for the first time since 1937. For this purpose, a foundation for the monastery, the
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renovations, were carried out, so the abbey fell into disrepair over the next few years. Additionally, the new Soviet-installed
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river. Originally, the area had been a fortified site of pagan worship. This complex was presumably destroyed by 1109. Later, a
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The gutted interior of the Abbey Church. The destruction of the baroque interior revealed the Gothic structure of the church.
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where it is now situated. Lubiąż developed into the most important monastery in Silesia and played a significant role in the
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1179:“, which indicates silence during the meal. The frescoes have been completely renovated and the floor has now been re-done.
1175:. A curved portal made of black marble with the year 1706 shows an extract from the rule of the order leads into the hall: “
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both of which it was opposed to. In 1962, restorations were planned, but quickly abandoned due to lack of funds. After the
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Erlebnisse eines deutschen Physikers und Ingenieurs von 1912 bis Ende des Jahrhunderts. In: Der Fernmelde-Ingenieur
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455:. Through drainage works the monks reclaimed land in the swampy environs of the monastery, implemented three-field
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1480:"Uwe Rada schreibt den Lebenslauf der Oder - von den Quellen bis zur Mündung in die Gegenwart: Fremde frohe Laute"
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Otherwise, the Foundation is overstretched, and the situation of the monastery is not seen as promising.
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restored. The expansive costs of this restoration were covered by the revival of the monastery economy.
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and laid out vineyards. Their efforts were successful and marked the beginning of the medieval German
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1167:. The large fresco is surrounded by eight smaller, oval paintings that show scenes from the lives of
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Apart from a few picture frames, the choir screens, the wrought-iron choir grille, and the restored
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337:. The monastery is considered to be one of the largest of its kind with a 223 m long main facade.
1587:"Dehio, Georg: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler (Band 2): Nordostdeutschland (Berlin, 1906)"
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The destruction wrought by the Hussites was only repaired in 1508. New chapels, an organ, and a
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floor plan with a straight end of the choir was retained and supplemented by a rectangular
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had no interest in restoring Lubiąż, apparently seeing it as a monument to Catholicism and
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Unrestored courtyard at Lubiąż, showing the effect of decades of neglect on the complex
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arrived in Lubiąż and founded the new monastery on the then densely wooded bank of the
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1419:(in German). Verlag für Wissenschaft und Leben Georg Heidecker GmbH. pp. 1–109.
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849:. By 1942, the asylum was shut down for good, and the Abbey became the location of a
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Gothic structure was vaulted, with vine-themed keystones enclosing the vaults. The
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360:. The monks of Lubiąż founded an additional six monasteries within Poland by 1256.
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monastery was consolidated from 1322 onwards by several gold mines in the area of
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to work for the monastery. Before that, Willmann worked at the Prussian court in
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unveiled to commemorate the Luxembourg forced laborers who died at the Abbey.
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and choir were completed and consecrated in 1330, and the vaults and western
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Zabytki architektoniczne Ziemi Śląskiej na tle rozwoju architektury w Polsce
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A view of the church showing remnants of the organ and baroque decoration
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435:, had spent several years in German exile. When he assumed the rule of
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833:(established in 1823). The abbey served these two purposes up until
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was awarded almost all of Silesia, and with it Lubiąż Abbey, in the
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Crucifixion by Michael Willman, painted in 1702 for the Abbey Church
1635: This article incorporates text from a publication now in the
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Monastery in Krzeszów), from the Benedictines who had founded it.
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1391:"Klasztor w Lubiążu to prawdziwa architektoniczna perełka baroku"
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Religious buildings and structures in Lower Silesian Voivodeship
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In 1936, the stud farm housed in the monastery was relocated to
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The last monastery founded by Lubiąż monks was the monastery at
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About 1200 the abbey church was rebuilt, at that time the first
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1453:"Uroczystości upamiętniające obywateli Luksemburga w Lubiążu"
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frescoes in the library were painted in 1737 Philipp Bentum.
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The gatehouse, the only fully restored building of the Abbey
416:, Władysław was expelled by his younger brother and fled to
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brought yet another setback. The monastery was occupied by
393:, however, German settlement in the area slowly increased.
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The Pietà of Lubiąż, dating to 1370 and now housed in the
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in 1227. In 1249 the monks of Lubiąż took over the former
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A glimpse of the Abbey church's lost baroque choir stalls
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The Loretto Chapel, a baroque addition next to the Church
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as a dining room at the time, the biblical scene of the
1368:. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego. p. 100.
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Christian monasteries established in the 12th century
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Rebuilding and flowering after the Thirty Years' War
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937:has attracted multiple possible buyers, including
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1705:Tourist attractions in Lower Silesian Voivodeship
412:in 1138. In a fratricidal conflict of the Polish
1700:Religious organizations established in the 1170s
340:The monastery was founded by the Silesian Duke
1177:SUMMUM FIAT SILENTIUM AD MENSAM. CAP: 38 REG:
1154:The restored interior of the Summer Refectory
1112:Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
380:The abbey is situated near a ford across the
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523:and in 1256 even established a monastery at
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1023:were also built in the early 16th century.
639:and other mines. In 1327 the Silesian duke
1571:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1542:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1091:The west end of the restored Prince's Hall
948:A temporary exhibit in a hallway at Lubiąż
630:, dates to the Abbey's 14th century growth
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1317:The arms of the abbey as depicted in the
1205:View of Lubiąż from the northwest in 1910
1016:were completed in the late 14th century.
862:, most notably manufacturing engines for
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1103:the most magnificent ballroom of Silesia
927:Foundation for German-Polish Cooperation
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795:An 1870 view of the abbey as an asylum
783:was built near the village of Lubiąż .
539:Establishment of subsidiary monasteries
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1532:(in Polish). Katowice. pp. 38–40.
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396:At this time the area belonged to the
1680:12th-century establishments in Poland
1365:Opactwo Cystersów w Lubiążu i artyści
586:The region was devastated during the
137:A view of Lubiąż Abbey from the North
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1651:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
1415:Mataré, Herbert Franz (April 2001).
1351:. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
44:adding citations to reliable sources
730:18th-century depiction of the abbey
675:The heyday ended abruptly with the
439:, he invited Cistercian monks from
1685:Baroque church buildings in Poland
1641:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "
1389:Kaczmar, Małgorzata (2009-02-13).
643:declared himself a vassal of King
14:
1690:Burial sites of the Piast dynasty
1339:Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913).
919:end of the communist dictatorship
841:Use in World War II and aftermath
376:from 1175, founding the monastery
1670:Cistercian monasteries in Poland
1630:
1561:(in German). Wrocław. p. 9.
1310:
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575:, named after the sovereign, in
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1281:An unrestored passage at Lubiąż
787:Prussian era and secularization
588:first Mongol invasion of Poland
491:In 1202 the couple established
31:needs additional citations for
747:After the end of the war, the
291:https://fundacjalubiaz.org.pl/
1:
829:(established in 1817) and an
618:Economic and cultural revival
431:Władysław's eldest son, Duke
1457:Dolnośląski Urząd Wojewódzki
1165:Miracle of Loaves and Fishes
711:baroque style. However, the
125:Opactwo Cysterskie w Lubiążu
307:Opactwo cystersów w Lubiążu
1721:
1621:at Biographia Cistercensis
860:German-occupied Luxembourg
424:. With the aid by Emperor
327:Lower Silesian Voivodeship
1591:digi.ub.uni-heidelberg.de
1559:Schlesiens Kunstdenkmäler
1528:Thullie, Czesław (1965).
1509:www.fundacjalubiaz.org.pl
665:Bolesław III the Generous
628:National Museum in Warsaw
130:
123:
983:Church of the Assumption
472:The Abbey Church in 2012
199:Church of the Assumption
1362:Andrzej Kozieł (2008).
698:With the advent of the
655:, and in the north, in
1265:A burial slab of Duke
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953:Current and future use
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1648:Catholic Encyclopedia
1557:Lutsch, Hans (1903).
1348:Catholic Encyclopedia
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896:Decay and restoration
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685:Frankfurt an der Oder
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402:Bolesław III Wrymouth
400:, bequeathed by Duke
371:
271:51.26167°N 16.46917°E
190:Mary, mother of Jesus
143:Monastery information
1437:: CS1 maint: year (
1169:Bernard of Clairvaux
1082:
911:communist government
597:Kamieniec Ząbkowicki
426:Frederick Barbarossa
40:improve this article
1478:Zeitung, Berliner.
1267:Bolesław I the Tall
881:concentration camps
749:Counter-Reformation
482:Henry I the Bearded
433:Bolesław I the Tall
374:Bolesław I the Tall
356:and development of
342:Bolesław I the Tall
267: /
213:Bolesław I the Tall
196:Controlled churches
120:
1675:Culture of Silesia
1293:The main refectory
1173:Benedict of Nursia
1158:The Summer (Main)
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1093:
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950:
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823:Napoleon Bonaparte
819:wars of liberation
804:First Silesian War
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649:Kingdom of Bohemia
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612:Koronowo Monastery
569:Henry II the Pious
567:and later his son
503:(nowadays part of
474:
408:to his eldest son
378:
276:51.26167; 16.46917
1614:Lubiąż Foundation
1505:"Fundacja Lubiąż"
1395:Gazeta Wrocławska
1375:978-83-229-2900-1
1060:Baroque interiors
931:Council of Europe
713:Thirty Years' War
641:Henry VI the Good
593:Battle of Legnica
565:Henry the Bearded
497:Pope Honorius III
486:Hedwig of Andechs
422:Holy Roman Empire
372:Document of Duke
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1099:described it as
812:Treaty of Berlin
765:Michael Willmann
753:Austrian Silesia
705:Duchy of Legnica
550:Bishop of Kraków
484:and his consort
447:(in present-day
398:Duchy of Silesia
329:of southwestern
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939:Michael Jackson
935:Fundacja Lubiąż
923:Fundacja Lubiąż
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856:forced laborers
843:
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671:Decline and war
645:John of Bohemia
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546:Trzebnica Abbey
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531:, relocated to
493:Trzebnica Abbey
453:Grodziec Castle
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346:Abbey of Pforta
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1619:List of abbots
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1608:External links
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681:Jan II the Mad
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657:Greater Poland
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573:Henryków Abbey
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457:crop rotation
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437:Lower Silesia
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96:November 2021
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57: –
56:
52:
51:Find sources:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
23:
18:
17:
1646:
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1594:. Retrieved
1590:
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1512:. Retrieved
1508:
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1488:. Retrieved
1483:
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1461:. Retrieved
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1399:. Retrieved
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1074:and the god
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1054:ducal castle
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998:
986:
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967:
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915:Ostsiedlung,
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847:Książ Castle
844:
835:World War II
816:
801:
796:
781:calvary hill
777:
762:
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709:
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693:
677:Hussite Wars
674:
661:
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542:
501:Mogiła Abbey
490:
478:Brick Gothic
475:
465:to Silesia.
460:
441:Pforta Abbey
430:
410:Władysław II
395:
379:
339:
299:Lubiąż Abbey
298:
297:
219:Architecture
186:Dedicated to
180:Pforta Abbey
176:Mother house
119:Lubiąż Abbey
102:
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1626:Attribution
1486:(in German)
1459:(in Polish)
1397:(in Polish)
1319:Fürstensaal
1097:Georg Dehio
817:During the
797:(Irrenheil)
700:reformation
689:Brandenburg
601:Innocent IV
553:Iwo Odrowąż
517:Augustinian
462:Ostsiedlung
445:Saale River
386:Benedictine
274: /
249:Coordinates
160:Established
1659:Categories
1596:2021-11-10
1514:2021-11-10
1490:2021-11-08
1401:2020-03-19
1326:References
1072:apotheosis
1040:polychrome
1021:tabernacle
1002:ambulatory
978:Structures
876:Karl Hanke
851:Telefunken
773:Königsberg
354:settlement
319:Cistercian
259:51°15′42″N
209:Founder(s)
154:Cistercian
66:newspapers
1567:cite book
1538:cite book
1433:cite book
1425:0015-010X
1160:refectory
1132:Francis I
1033:vestibule
1006:cruciform
873:Gauleiter
827:stud farm
757:Habsburgs
637:Złotoryja
581:Kamieniec
535:in 1288.
521:Kamieniec
519:abbey of
505:Nowa Huta
449:Thuringia
418:Altenburg
325:, in the
262:16°28′9″E
1463:11 March
1076:Dionysus
1010:transept
990:basilica
889:Red Army
821:against
721:Szczecin
653:Oświęcim
577:Henryków
533:Koronowo
243:, Poland
237:Location
227:inactive
1639::
1192:Gallery
1183:Library
1140:Vanitas
1136:Chronos
1045:Stężyca
994:piscina
808:Prussia
717:Swedish
608:Byszewo
529:Kuyavia
525:Byszewo
443:on the
420:in the
364:History
358:Silesia
335:Wrocław
287:Website
80:scholar
1643:Leubus
1423:
1372:
1120:Piasts
1004:. The
769:Berlin
406:Poland
331:Poland
323:Lubiąż
311:German
303:Polish
241:Lubiąż
224:Status
204:People
82:
75:
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61:
53:
1138:over
1050:Brzeg
858:from
507:) in
391:Poles
149:Order
87:JSTOR
73:books
1573:link
1544:link
1465:2023
1439:link
1421:ISSN
1370:ISBN
1171:and
1014:nave
866:and
771:and
561:Krak
511:and
382:Oder
350:Oder
232:Site
171:1810
163:1175
59:news
1645:".
1052:'s
687:in
527:in
404:of
42:by
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