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members of the military to kneel in the presence of the
Blessed Sacrament at Corpus Christi processions and church services. The policy, which had been in place when Bavaria was still almost purely Catholic before 1803, had been discontinued after the inclusion of large Protestant areas. Catholic disturbances during the funeral of the Protestant Queen
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backed by the Roman
Catholic Church gained control of the Bavarian parliament and began a campaign of changes to the constitution, such as removing civil rights that had earlier been granted to Protestants, as well as enforcing political censorship. On 14 August 1838, the King issued an order for all
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Already as crown prince Ludwig collected Early German and Early Dutch paintings, masterpieces of the
Italian renaissance, and contemporary art for his museums and galleries. He also placed special emphasis on collecting Greek and Roman sculpture. Through his agents, he managed to acquire such pieces
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managed to appease the protesters, but the royal family and the
Cabinet now turned against Ludwig. He had to sign the so-called "March Proclamation" with substantial concessions. On 16 March 1848 it was followed by renewed unrest because Lola Montez had returned to Munich after a short exile. Ludwig
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in 1841 caused a scandal. This treatment of his beloved stepmother permanently softened the attitude of
Caroline's stepson Ludwig I, who had been a strong opponent of Protestantism in spite of his marriage to a Protestant princess, Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen. The Ultramontanes' regime only ended
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in 1832 revealed the discontent of the population caused by high taxes and censorship. In connection with the unrest of May 1832, some 142 political trials were initiated. The seven death sentences that were pronounced were commuted to long-term imprisonment by the king. About 1,000 political trials
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In private life Ludwig was, in spite of his royal assertiveness, modest and companionable and was even known for his often shabby attire. Ludwig was hard of hearing and had a birthmark on his forehead which was often concealed in portraits.
89:, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Knowledge (XXG).
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892:, a former dominion of the Wittelsbach, had disappeared under Napoleon when France first annexed the left bank of the Rhine, including about half of the Palatinate, and then gave what remained on the right bank including,
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Also after his abdication, Ludwig remained an important and lavish sponsor for the arts. This caused several conflicts with his son and successor
Maximilian. Finally, Ludwig financed his projects from his own resources.
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Ludwig lived for another 20 years after his abdication and remained influential, especially as he continued several of his cultural projects. For most of his time in Munich his residence was the neo-Gothic
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but in spite of his anti-French politics the crown prince had to join the emperor's wars with allied
Bavarian troops in 1806. As commander of the 1st Bavarian Division in VII Corps, he served under
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the king faced increasing protests and demonstrations by the students and the middle classes. The king had ordered to close the university in
February, and on 4 March, a large crowd assaulted the
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were to take place during Ludwig's reign. The strict censorship, which he had reinstated after having abolished it in 1825, was opposed by large sectors of the population.
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Ludwig was an eccentric and notoriously bad poet. He would write about anything, no matter how trivial, with strings of rhyming couplets. For this, the king was teased by
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of 1803. In 1815, Baden's possession of
Manheim and Heidelberg was confirmed and only the left bank territories were given back to Bavaria. Ludwig founded the city of
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against
Napoleon in exchange for a guarantee of her continued sovereign and independent status. On 14 October, Bavaria made a formal declaration of war against
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An enthusiast for the German Middle Ages, Ludwig ordered the re-erection of several monasteries in Bavaria which had been closed during the
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who wrote several mocking poems in Ludwig's style. Ironically, Ludwig's Walhalla temple added Heine's bust to its collection in 2009.
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due to their demands against the naturalization of Ludwig I's Irish-born mistress Eliza Gilbert (better known by her stage name
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of 1830 in France, Ludwig's previous liberal policy became increasingly repressive; in 1844, Ludwig was confronted during the
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Vicende e personaggi dell'Insigne e reale Ordine di San Gennaro dalla sua fondazione alla fine del Regno delle Due Sicilie
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Ludwig's rule was strongly affected by his enthusiasm for the arts and women and by his overreaching royal assertiveness.
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Content in this edit is translated from the existing German Knowledge (XXG) article at ]; see its history for attribution.
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had to let her be searched by the police on 17 March, which was the worst humiliation for him. Not willing to rule as a
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2761:. Kongelig Dansk Hof- og Statskalender (in Danish). Copenhagen: J.H. Schultz A.-S. Universitetsbogtrykkeri. p. 2
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Order of the Holy Apostle Andrew the First-called (1699–1917). Order of the Holy Great Martyr Catherine (1714–1917)
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in Munich. A collection of 36 portraits of the beautiful women painted between 1827 and 1850 mostly by
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Ludwig's plan to reunite the eastern part of the Palatinate with Bavaria could not be realized. The
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Ludwig lived for another twenty years after his abdication and remained influential. An admirer of
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Les Grand'Croix de la Légion d'honneur de 1805 à nos jours. Titulaires français et étrangers
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Ludwig, King of Bavaria, Duke of Franconia, Duke in Swabia and Count Palatine of the Rhine
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of 1830 in France, Ludwig's previous liberal policy became more and more repressive. The
804:, the later King of Greece, was born there. Between 1816 and 1825, he spent his years in
573:. In 1835, the first German railway was constructed in his domain, between the cities of
1090:, Ludwig patronized the arts as principal of many neoclassical buildings, especially in
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2879:[Portuguese Honours awarded to Princes of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha].
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All living legitimate agnatic members of the House of Wittelsbach descend from him.
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2786:(1851), "Von Seiner Majestät dem Könige Friedrich Wilhelm III. ernannte Ritter"
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in 1826. The king also encouraged Bavaria's industrialization. He initiated the
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whose policies he had opposed. He succeeded his father on the throne in 1825.
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was elected king of Greece in 1832. Otto's government was initially run by a
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in Rome, which he later also bought (1827). Ludwig supported generously as a
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Liste der Ritter des Königlich Preußischen Hohen Ordens vom Schwarzen Adler
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch des GroĂźherzogtums Hessen: fĂĽr das Jahr ... 1868
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As Ludwig had supported the Greek fight of independence his second son
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to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is
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1247:(8 July 1792 – 26 October 1854; married on 12 October 1810 in
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Ludwig had several extramarital affairs and was one of the lovers of
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2877:"Agraciamentos Portugueses Aos PrĂncipes da Casa Saxe-Coburgo-Gota"
785:. The treaty was passionately backed by Crown Prince Ludwig and by
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch des GroĂźherzogtums Oldenburg: fĂĽr ... 1865
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renounced the title of Prince and rights to the throne of Bavaria
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Countess Maria Louise Albertine of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
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Sergey Semenovich Levin (2003). "Lists of Knights and Ladies".
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In 1817 Ludwig was also involved in the fall of Prime Minister
808:. He also made numerous trips to Italy and stayed often in the
800:, whose cession to Austria he strongly opposed. His second son
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Count Christian Karl Reinhard of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Falkenburg
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Auguste Charlotte Caroline Elisabeth Amalie Marie Sophie Luise
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Almanach royal officiel, publié, exécution d'un arrête du roi
2702:"Chevaliers de la Toisón d'Or – Knights of the Golden Fleece"
1094:, and as fanatic collector. Among others he commissioned the
655:. At the time of his birth, his father was an officer in the
2910:(1837), "Herzogliche Sachsen-Ernestinischer Hausorden" p. 13
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Almanacco reale del Regno delle Due Sicilie: per l'anno ...
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Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des Königreichs Württemberg: 1866
991:). Ludwig resented that move, and the Ultramontanes under
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Ludwig strongly rejected the alliance of his father with
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State Manual of the Kingdom of Denmark for the Year 1867
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Hof- und Staats-Handbuch fĂĽr das Herzogtum Anhalt: 1867
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AdreĂź-Handbuch des Herzogthums Sachsen-Coburg und Gotha
1166:. One of his most famous conceptions is the celebrated
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Grand Crosses of the Order of Saint Stephen of Hungary
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Greater Royal Coat of Arms of King Ludwig I of Bavaria
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On 1 April 1795 his father succeeded Ludwig's uncle,
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Mathilde Caroline, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
2852:. Presidency of the Hellenic Republic. Archived from
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German philhellenes in the Greek War of Independence
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Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Königreichs Bayern: 1824
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Countess Palatine Elisabeth Auguste Sofie of Neuburg
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For the 12th- and 13th-century Duke of Bavaria, see
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Statshaandbog for Kongeriget Danmark for Aaret 1867
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Royal Bavarian House Equestrian Order of St. George
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Ludwig Karl August von Pfalz-Birkenfeld-ZweibrĂĽcken
557:. When he was crown prince, he was involved in the
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173:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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a machine-translated version of the German article.
2747:Bille-Hansen, A. C.; Holck, Harald, eds. (1867) .
3671:Grand Crosses of the Military Order of Max Joseph
2653:Staatshandbuch fĂĽr den Freistaat Sachsen: 1865/66
2567:. Arlington, Texas: Empire Games Press, 1980. 61.
1142:also strongly influenced the cityscape of modern
744:. The wedding was the occasion of the first-ever
2667:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des GroĂźherzogtum Baden
2086:Frederick Michael, Count Palatine of ZweibrĂĽcken
998:Already in 1844, Ludwig was confronted with the
3686:Grand Crosses of the Order of Christ (Portugal)
2583:. New York: Hippocrene Books, (1909) 1976. 134.
1189:Ludwig I of Bavaria, a monument in the Walhalla
645:Count Palatine Maximilian Joseph of ZweibrĂĽcken
2630:. Paris: Archives & Culture. p. 420.
2480:Countess Katharina Polyxena of Solms-Rödelheim
2386:Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
1881:House and Merit Order of Peter Frederick Louis
1027:on 20 March 1848 in favour of his eldest son,
762:in 1809. He led his division in action at the
653:Princess Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
107:accompanying your translation by providing an
69:Click for important translation instructions.
56:expand this article with text translated from
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2206:Countess Palatine Maria Franziska of Sulzbach
2180:Joseph Charles, Hereditary Prince of Sulzbach
1793:Royal Military Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ
8:
2060:Christian III, Count Palatine of ZweibrĂĽcken
1320:Ludwig III, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
2537:, claimed to be the daughter of Ludwig and
1436:Archduke Albert of Austria, Duke of Teschen
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2813:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
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1168:"Schönheitengalerie" (Gallery of Beauties)
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3109:Ludwig I. von Bayern. Königtum im Vormärz
549:; 25 August 1786 – 29 February 1868) was
233:Learn how and when to remove this message
3656:German commanders of the Napoleonic Wars
2328:Prince George William of Hesse-Darmstadt
2302:Louis VIII, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt
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3681:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Austria
3083:(in Italian), p. 9, archived from
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2360:Countess Charlotte of Hanau-Lichtenberg
2118:Countess Caroline of Nassau-SaarbrĂĽcken
1244:Princess Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
912:there as a Bavarian rival to Mannheim.
386: 1810; died 1854)
3042:. Stamperia Granducale. 1855. p.
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2614:Die Bayerischen Orden und Ehrenzeichen
2563:Bowden, Scotty & Tarbox, Charlie.
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1547:Founder of the Royal Order of Ludwig,
1390:Archduchess Augusta of Austria-Tuscany
1062:Arms of the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1835
742:Frederick, Duke of Saxe-Hildburghausen
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962:made up of Bavarian court officials.
555:1848 revolutions in the German states
505:Augusta Wilhelmine of Hesse-Darmstadt
7:
1633:Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen
1543:Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown
1047:, which he had ordered to be built.
885:. His successors kept these titles.
171:adding citations to reliable sources
119:{{Translated|de|Ludwig I. (Bayern)}}
3691:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
3017:Almanaque imperial para el año 1866
1424:Luise Charlotte Theresia Friederike
773:of 8 October 1813 Bavaria left the
724:Starting in 1803 Ludwig studied in
713:line with the death of the elector
2924:(in French). Vol. 1. p.
2875:Bragança, Jose Vicente de (2014).
717:. His father assumed the title of
693:, and on 16 February 1799 became
585:economic union in 1834. After the
421:Luitpold, Prince Regent of Bavaria
25:
3641:People of the Revolutions of 1848
3039:Almanacco Toscano per l'anno 1855
3013:"Seccion IV: Ordenes del Imperio"
2958:Sveriges och Norges statskalender
2581:Napoleon and the Archduke Charles
881:. He changed his royal titles to
36:King of Bavaria from 1825 to 1848
3121:
3063:Stamp. Reale. pp. 400, 405.
2669:(1834), "GroĂźherzogliche Orden"
2035:Ancestors of Ludwig I of Bavaria
2018:Order of St. Ferdinand and Merit
1993:
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736:. On 12 October 1810 he married
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43:
3019:(in Spanish), 1866, p. 243
2961:(in Swedish). 1866. p. 433
2616:, Prestel-Verlag, Monaco, 1964.
1308:Friederike Wilhelmine Charlotte
1170:, in the south pavilion of his
581:, with his Bavaria joining the
383:
158:needs additional citations for
2985:. DĂĽnnhaupt. 1867. p. 17.
2144:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
1666:Order of the WĂĽrttemberg Crown
1259:
917:Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität
738:Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
678:Crown Prince Ludwig, 1807, by
649:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
495:Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria
403:Maximilian II, King of Bavaria
372:Therese of Saxe-Hildburghausen
117:You may also add the template
1:
3621:19th-century kings of Bavaria
2546:, monument named after Ludwig
832:Count Max Josef von Montgelas
740:(1792–1854), the daughter of
431:Hildegard, Duchess of Teschen
2682:"A Szent István Rend tagjai"
2656:. Heinrich. 1866. p. 3.
2626:M. & B. Wattel. (2009).
2598:. Landesamt. 1824. pp.
1803:Order of the Tower and Sword
1537:Military Order of Max Joseph
1293:succeeded as King of Bavaria
1054:Ludwig I of Bavaria, c. 1860
1045:St. Boniface's Abbey, Munich
846:Ludwig I of Bavaria, c. 1830
663:. Ludwig was the godson and
426:Adelgunde, Duchess of Modena
359:St. Boniface's Abbey, Munich
3666:19th-century art collectors
3454:Prince Max, Duke in Bavaria
1908:Royal Order of the Seraphim
1348:Duchess Amalia of Oldenburg
1257:
699:Count Palatine of the Rhine
130:Knowledge (XXG):Translation
3717:
3701:German patrons of the arts
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2153:
2047:
1968:Order of the Mexican Eagle
1948:Order of the Eagle of Este
1944:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
1839:Saxe-Ernestine House Order
1643:Order of the Golden Fleece
1376:Karl Joseph Wilhelm Ludwig
1238:also caused some scandal.
1078:with Ruhmeshalle in Munich
1043:in 1868 and was buried in
775:Confederation of the Rhine
701:, the Arch-Steward of the
81:Machine translation, like
28:
3537:
3477:
3413:Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria
3234:
3185:
3176:
3168:
3163:
3136:
2969:– via runeberg.org.
2828:Hessen-Darmstadt (1868).
2565:Armies on the Danube 1809
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1413:Francis V, Duke of Modena
1297:Princess Marie of Prussia
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1201:versus the Greek-derived
1193:Because of King Ludwig's
960:three-man regency council
825:Greek War of Independence
709:on the extinction of the
612:and commissioned several
468:
458:
449:
252:
58:the corresponding article
3489:also an Infante of Spain
2939:Staat Oldenburg (1865).
2687:22 December 2010 at the
2008:Order of Saint Januarius
1928:Order of Albert the Bear
1707:Order of the Black Eagle
1457:never married; no issue
760:François Joseph Lefebvre
31:Louis I, Duke of Bavaria
3334:Prince Ludwig Ferdinand
3057:Napoli (Stato) (1857).
1609:House Order of Fidelity
1478:Infanta Amalia of Spain
777:and agreed to join the
728:where he was taught by
128:For more guidance, see
3646:People from Strasbourg
3636:Monarchs who abdicated
3449:Franz, Duke of Bavaria
3356:Crown Prince Rupprecht
3111:, Munich 1986 (²1997).
2945:. Schulze. p. 25.
2834:. Staatsverl. p.
2535:Ann O'Delia Diss Debar
1984:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
1858:: Grand Cordon of the
1588:Order of the Rue Crown
1496:
1218:Private life and issue
1190:
1079:
1063:
1055:
1021:constitutional monarch
847:
682:
614:neoclassical buildings
546:
469:Louis Charles Augustus
463:
3661:German art collectors
3283:King Otto I of Greece
1986:: Grand Cross of the
1966:: Grand Cross of the
1946:: Grand Cross of the
1926:: Grand Cross of the
1883:, with Golden Crown,
1879:: Grand Cross of the
1837:: Grand Cross of the
1769:Order of the Redeemer
1767:: Grand Cross of the
1747:: Grand Cross of the
1687:Order of the Elephant
1664:: Grand Cross of the
1607:: Grand Cross of the
1565:: Grand Eagle of the
1494:
1188:
1140:Friedrich von Gärtner
1074:
1061:
1053:
1000:Beer riots in Bavaria
947:. Bavaria joined the
845:
730:Johann Michael Sailer
677:
591:Beer riots in Bavaria
182:"Ludwig I of Bavaria"
101:copyright attribution
3631:House of Wittelsbach
3542:Maximillian I Joseph
3143:House of Wittelsbach
3138:Ludwig I of Bavaria
3130:at Wikimedia Commons
3128:Ludwig I. von Bayern
2726:WĂĽrttemberg (1866).
2706:La Confrérie Amicale
1745:Grand Duchy of Hesse
1466:Wilhelm Georg Ludwig
1343:first King of Greece
1037:Wittelsbacher Palais
906:German Mediatization
890:Electoral Palatinate
855:German mediatisation
792:Already at the 1815
753:Napoleon I of France
721:on 1 January 1806.
651:) by his first wife
643:, he was the son of
553:from 1825 until the
417:Princess Theodelinde
413:Otto, King of Greece
348:Second French Empire
167:improve this article
3606:Ludwig I of Bavaria
3262:Prince Karl Theodor
3238:Maximilian I Joseph
3172:Maximilian I Joseph
2920:H. Tarlier (1854).
2264:Ludwig I of Bavaria
2016:Grand Cross of the
1988:Order of St. Joseph
1801:Grand Cross of the
1791:Grand Cross of the
1786:Kingdom of Portugal
1728:Order of St. Andrew
1631:Grand Cross of the
1541:Grand Cross of the
1535:Grand Cross of the
1525:Grand Prior of the
1517:Order of St. Hubert
1176:Joseph Karl Stieler
1088:Italian Renaissance
1014:. Ludwig's brother
1004:revolutions of 1848
931:between the rivers
764:Battle of Abensberg
669:Louis XVI of France
610:patronized the arts
606:Italian Renaissance
565:between the rivers
291:Maximilian I Joseph
279:13 October 1825 –
3626:Princes of Bavaria
3464:Prince Franz-Josef
3278:King Maximilian II
3228:Princes of Bavaria
2998:Almanacco di corte
1703:Kingdom of Prussia
1510:Kingdom of Bavaria
1497:
1234:. His affair with
1191:
1172:Nymphenburg Palace
1080:
1064:
1056:
848:
794:Congress of Vienna
683:
464:Ludwig Karl August
436:Princess Alexandra
109:interlanguage link
3593:
3592:
3497:
3496:
3433:Prince Konstantin
3195:
3194:
3186:Succeeded by
3158:29 February, 1868
3126:Media related to
2883:(in Portuguese).
2637:978-2-35077-135-9
2612:Georg Schreiber,
2577:Petre, F. Loraine
2525:
2524:
2521:
2520:
1912:28 September 1844
1835:Ernestine duchies
1765:Kingdom of Greece
1584:Kingdom of Saxony
1484:
1483:
1473:21 September 1875
1454:21 September 1875
1386:Regent of Bavaria
1306:Mathilde Karoline
1232:Marianna Florenzi
1134:. His architects
1104:Villa Ludwigshöhe
995:were pushed out.
984:Caroline of Baden
915:Ludwig moved the
798:Duchy of Salzburg
787:Marshal von Wrede
783:Napoleonic France
680:Angelica Kauffman
532:
531:
515:Roman Catholicism
474:
473:
328:Kingdom of France
243:
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16:(Redirected from
3708:
3531:Kings of Bavaria
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3386:Prince Ferdinand
3221:
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3169:Preceded by
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3105:Heinz Gollwitzer
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2700:Boettger, T. F.
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1924:Ascanian duchies
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1906:: Knight of the
1902:
1901:
1895:
1894:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1860:Order of Leopold
1854:
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1833:
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1826:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1784:
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1763:
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1740:
1726:: Knight of the
1722:
1720:
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1711:17 December 1825
1705:: Knight of the
1701:
1700:
1699:
1685:: Knight of the
1681:
1679:
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1660:
1658:
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1624:
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1603:
1601:
1600:
1586:: Knight of the
1582:
1580:
1579:
1567:Legion of Honour
1561:
1560:
1559:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1383:12 December 1912
1367:died in infancy
1331:Friedrich Ludwig
1287:28 November 1811
1258:
1160:Temple of Aphaea
1152:Medusa Rondanini
875:Upper Palatinate
818:
715:Charles Theodore
616:, especially in
528:
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387:
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337:29 February 1868
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87:Google Translate
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3498:
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3482:
3473:
3459:Prince Luitpold
3437:
3418:Prince Heinrich
3401:
3392:Prince Adalbert
3381:Prince Heinrich
3344:
3319:King Ludwig III
3297:
3293:Prince Adalbert
3288:Prince Luitpold
3266:
3245:
3242:King of Bavaria
3230:
3225:
3191:
3182:
3179:King of Bavaria
3174:
3153:
3151:25 August, 1786
3147:
3146:
3139:
3118:
3101:
3096:
3095:
3090:on 4 March 2016
3087:
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3074:Angelo Scordo,
3073:
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2856:on 27 June 2015
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1932:28 January 1854
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1489:
1476:married, 1856,
1434:married, 1844,
1411:married, 1843,
1408:28 October 1914
1388:married, 1844,
1387:
1358:Charlotte Luise
1346:married, 1836,
1345:
1318:married, 1833,
1295:married, 1842,
1294:
1220:
1100:Befreiungshalle
1096:Walhalla temple
1069:
1067:Cultural legacy
1012:Munich Residenz
967:July Revolution
840:
812:
779:Sixth Coalition
719:King of Bavaria
697:of Bavaria and
633:ZweibrĂĽcker Hof
629:
587:July Revolution
559:Napoleonic Wars
551:King of Bavaria
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441:Prince Adalbert
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3469:Prince Leopold
3466:
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3442:6th generation
3439:
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3406:5th generation
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3349:4th generation
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3324:Prince Leopold
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3309:King Ludwig II
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3302:3rd generation
3299:
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3116:External links
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1212:Heinrich Heine
1156:Barberini Faun
1136:Leo von Klenze
1132:New Pinakothek
1116:Bavaria statue
1084:ancient Greece
1082:As admirer of
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971:Hambacher Fest
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771:Treaty of Ried
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3273:
3269:
3263:
3260:
3258:
3257:King Ludwig I
3255:
3254:
3252:
3248:
3243:
3239:
3233:
3229:
3222:
3217:
3215:
3210:
3208:
3203:
3202:
3199:
3190:
3189:Maximilian II
3181:
3180:
3173:
3167:
3162:
3157:
3150:
3145:
3144:
3135:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3119:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3098:
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3018:
3014:
3008:
3005:
3001:. p. 30.
3000:
2999:
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2606:
2602:, 10, 14, 27.
2601:
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2019:
2015:
2013:
2009:
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1991:
1989:
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1969:
1965:
1955:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1915:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1904:Sweden-Norway
1900:
1893:
1888:
1886:
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1867:
1865:
1864:12 March 1840
1861:
1857:
1846:
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1836:
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1807:25 March 1835
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1797:25 March 1835
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1563:French Empire
1554:
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1405:19 March 1823
1404:
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1391:
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1382:
1380:12 March 1821
1379:
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1364:12 April 1817
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1298:
1292:
1290:10 March 1864
1289:
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1233:
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1213:
1208:
1207:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1195:philhellenism
1187:
1183:
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1177:
1173:
1169:
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1147:
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1141:
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1046:
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1038:
1032:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1017:
1013:
1010:to storm the
1009:
1005:
1002:. During the
1001:
996:
994:
993:Karl von Abel
990:
985:
980:
979:Ultramontanes
975:
972:
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950:
946:
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934:
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926:
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907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
886:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
863:Lower Bavaria
860:
859:Upper Bavaria
856:
851:
844:
837:
835:
833:
828:
826:
822:
816:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
790:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
767:
766:on 20 April.
765:
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749:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
722:
720:
716:
712:
708:
704:
700:
696:
692:
689:, as duke of
688:
681:
676:
672:
670:
666:
662:
659:stationed at
658:
654:
650:
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638:
634:
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624:
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477:
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368:
364:
360:
356:
352:
349:
345:
336:
332:
329:
325:
313:
309:
305:
302:
301:Maximilian II
299:
295:
292:
289:
285:
281:20 March 1848
278:
274:
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267:
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237:
234:
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212:
208:
205:
201:
198:
194:
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187:
184: –
183:
179:
178:Find sources:
172:
168:
162:
161:
156:This article
154:
150:
145:
144:
131:
127:
124:
116:
110:
106:
102:
98:
94:
91:
88:
84:
80:
77:
74:
73:
67:
61:
59:
54:You can help
50:
41:
40:
32:
27:
19:
3584:
3576:
3568:
3560:
3552:
3549:
3544:
3428:Prince Eugen
3371:Prince Georg
3366:Prince Franz
3256:
3177:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3108:
3085:the original
3076:
3069:
3059:
3052:
3038:
3032:
3021:, retrieved
3016:
3007:
2997:
2991:
2981:
2975:
2963:. Retrieved
2957:
2951:
2941:
2934:
2921:
2915:
2905:
2901:
2889:. Retrieved
2884:
2881:Pro Phalaris
2880:
2870:
2858:. Retrieved
2854:the original
2844:
2830:
2823:
2800:
2794:
2783:
2779:
2769:– via
2765:16 September
2763:. Retrieved
2754:
2749:
2742:
2728:
2721:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:
2695:
2677:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2646:
2627:
2621:
2613:
2608:
2594:
2588:
2580:
2572:
2564:
2559:
2263:
2011:
2001:Two Sicilies
1971:
1951:
1931:
1911:
1884:
1863:
1842:
1806:
1796:
1772:
1752:
1749:Ludwig Order
1731:
1710:
1690:
1669:
1646:
1636:
1612:
1591:
1570:
1548:
1530:
1520:
1480:; had issue
1470:19 July 1828
1463:
1444:
1438:; had issue
1431:2 April 1864
1428:10 June 1825
1421:
1415:; had issue
1398:
1392:; had issue
1373:
1355:
1338:26 July 1867
1328:
1305:
1299:; had issue
1280:
1241:
1240:
1225:
1221:
1209:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1180:
1148:
1112:LudwigstraĂźe
1081:
1033:
997:
977:In 1837 the
976:
964:
953:
929:Ludwig Canal
914:
910:Ludwigshafen
887:
882:
852:
849:
829:
791:
768:
750:
723:
707:Duke of Berg
684:
640:
631:Born in the
630:
627:Crown prince
622:
599:
563:Ludwig Canal
538:
534:
533:
339:(1868-02-29)
259:Portrait by
229:
220:
210:
203:
196:
189:
177:
165:Please help
160:verification
157:
105:edit summary
96:
63:
55:
26:
3616:1868 deaths
3611:1786 births
3585:(1913–1918)
3577:(1886–1913)
3569:(1864–1886)
3561:(1848–1864)
3553:(1825–1848)
3545:(1805–1825)
3361:Prince Karl
3314:King Otto I
2891:28 November
2539:Lola Montez
1885:1 July 1841
1662:WĂĽrttemberg
1356:Theodolinde
1350:; no issue
1341:became the
1335:1 June 1815
1322:; no issue
1315:25 May 1862
1236:Lola Montez
1120:Ruhmeshalle
1016:Prince Karl
989:Lola Montez
904:during the
821:Philhellene
813: [
810:Villa Malta
746:Oktoberfest
691:ZweibrĂĽcken
657:French Army
485:Wittelsbach
287:Predecessor
3600:Categories
3582:Ludwig III
3183:1825–1848
2732:. p.
2551:References
1732:March 1826
1281:Maximilian
1228:Jane Digby
1124:Glyptothek
1108:Pompejanum
1029:Maximilian
965:After the
949:Zollverein
898:Heidelberg
879:Palatinate
687:Charles II
661:Strasbourg
595:Maximilian
583:Zollverein
324:Strasbourg
317:1786-08-25
223:March 2011
193:newspapers
65:(May 2020)
3566:Ludwig II
2965:6 January
2809:cite book
2803:. Moscow.
1877:Oldenburg
1445:Alexandra
1422:Hildegard
1399:Adelgunde
1242:Issue by
1025:abdicated
1023:, Ludwig
951:in 1834.
945:Nuremberg
867:Franconia
769:With the
734:Göttingen
637:StraĂźburg
608:, Ludwig
579:Nuremberg
547:Ludwig I.
521:Signature
467:English:
297:Successor
123:talk page
60:in German
3550:Ludwig I
3244:in 1806.
3023:29 April
2685:Archived
2529:See also
2027:Ancestry
1843:May 1836
1464:Adalbert
1374:Luitpold
1130:and the
1086:and the
935:and the
921:Landshut
894:Mannheim
806:WĂĽrzburg
726:Landshut
711:Sulzbach
665:namesake
604:and the
569:and the
535:Ludwig I
511:Religion
248:Ludwig I
99:provide
18:Ludwig I
3099:Sources
2860:3 April
2711:25 June
1856:Belgium
1683:Denmark
1571:1806/07
1487:Honours
1150:as the
1076:Bavaria
757:Marshal
732:and in
695:Elector
647:(later
539:Louis I
388:
380:
376:
207:scholar
121:to the
103:in the
62:.
3154:
2757:]
2634:
1998:
1874:
1853:
1783:
1742:
1721:
1680:
1659:
1623:
1602:
1581:
1507:
1447:Amelie
1283:Joseph
1270:Notes
1253:Munich
1164:Aegina
1154:, the
1144:Athens
1126:, the
1122:, the
1118:, the
1114:, the
1110:, the
1106:, the
1102:, the
1098:, the
1092:Munich
1008:Armory
937:Danube
925:Munich
871:Swabia
705:, and
703:Empire
618:Munich
571:Danube
543:German
501:Mother
491:Father
460:German
366:Spouse
354:Burial
263:, 1825
209:
202:
195:
188:
180:
3156:Died:
3149:Born:
3088:(PDF)
3081:(PDF)
2788:p. 19
2759:(PDF)
2753:[
2671:p. 31
1605:Baden
1267:Death
1264:Birth
941:FĂĽrth
919:from
902:Baden
900:, to
838:Reign
817:]
575:FĂĽrth
480:House
454:Names
395:Issue
382:(
378:
276:Reign
214:JSTOR
200:books
83:DeepL
3574:Otto
3025:2020
2967:2018
2893:2019
2885:9–10
2862:2013
2815:link
2767:2019
2713:2019
2632:ISBN
2478:15.
2420:14.
2358:13.
2300:12.
2236:11.
2178:10.
2012:1829
1972:1865
1952:1856
1773:1833
1670:1818
1647:1825
1637:1816
1613:1812
1592:1808
1531:1801
1521:1799
1329:Otto
1261:Name
1138:and
1041:Nice
956:Otto
943:and
933:Main
896:and
877:and
823:the
802:Otto
577:and
567:Main
344:Nice
334:Died
311:Born
186:news
97:must
95:You
76:View
3240:as
3044:274
2887:: 5
2446:7.
2384:3.
2326:6.
2262:1.
2204:5.
2142:2.
2116:9.
2084:4.
2058:8.
1162:on
1128:Old
923:to
671:.
667:of
639:as
635:in
537:or
169:by
85:or
3602::
3487:§
3481:â‰
3388:≠§
3107:,
3015:,
2926:37
2811:}}
2807:{{
2734:29
2704:.
2579:.
2010:,
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1970:,
1950:,
1930:,
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1862:,
1841:,
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1788::
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1751:,
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2640:.
2600:5
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1204:Y
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541:(
319:)
315:(
236:)
230:(
225:)
221:(
211:·
204:·
197:·
190:·
163:.
132:.
125:.
33:.
20:)
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