365:
36:
605:
593:
581:
569:
473:
557:
545:
509:
497:
485:
533:
521:
392:
This is the usual innervation of the lumbricals (occurring in 60% of individuals). However 1:3 (median:ulnar - 20% of individuals) and 3:1 (median:ulnar - 20% of individuals) also exist. The lumbrical innervation always follows the innervation pattern of the associated muscle unit of
355:
One head originates on the radial side of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon corresponding to the little finger, while the other originates on the ulnar side of the tendon for the ring finger.
341:
One head originates on the radial side of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon corresponding to the ring finger, while the other originates on the ulnar side of the tendon for the middle finger.
251:
The lumbricals are four, small, worm-like muscles on each hand. These muscles are unusual in that they do not attach to bone. Instead, they attach proximally to the tendons of
981:
184:
1579:
974:
325:
It originates from the radial side of the second most radial tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus (which corresponds to the middle finger).
1584:
1373:
1369:
1296:
858:
644:
442:
233:
160:
131:
1340:
328:
It passes posteriorly along the radial side of the middle finger and inserts on the extensor expansion near the metacarpophalangeal joint.
1257:
1188:
1712:
1193:
967:
919:"The effects of the communicating branch between medial and lateral plantar nerves on the innervations of the foot lumbrical muscles"
1321:
394:
604:
592:
580:
303:
It originates from the radial side of the most radial tendon of the flexor digitorum profundus (corresponding to the index finger).
1653:
1132:
1546:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1247:
1104:
426:
92:
1678:
84:
364:
1617:
1574:
1541:
1390:
1385:
1326:
179:
1286:
418:
240:
20:
1291:
1094:
472:
264:
260:
252:
191:
116:
105:
63:
56:
51:
1622:
1380:
1316:
1150:
438:
311:
225:
124:
874:
Zbrodowski A, Mariéthoz E, Bednarkiewicz M, Gajisin S (June 1998). "The blood supply of the lumbrical muscles".
666:
Bilge O, Pinar Y, Ozer MA, Govsa F (October 2007). "The vascular anatomy of the lumbrical muscles in the hand".
1553:
1536:
358:
The muscle passes posteriorly along the radial side of the little finger to insert on its extensor expansion.
568:
1437:
1112:
414:
344:
The muscle passes posteriorly along the radial side of the ring finger to insert on its extensor expansion.
229:
128:
80:
40:
The muscles of the left hand. Palmar surface. (first lumbricalis labeled at bottom right of muscular group)
1591:
1469:
1281:
1140:
917:
Bozer, Cüneyt; Uzmansel, Deniz; Dönmez, Didem; Parlak, Muhammed; Beger, Orhan; Elvan, Özlem (2018-12-01).
762:
167:
155:
1459:
1276:
1502:
405:
are innervated by the median nerve, the second lumbrical will also be innervated by the median nerve).
1474:
1039:
1029:
1024:
918:
496:
484:
767:
1569:
1481:
1415:
1226:
1075:
1070:
1683:
1658:
1216:
1046:
1034:
946:
899:
831:
788:
556:
544:
508:
307:
256:
68:
532:
520:
1122:
938:
891:
854:
823:
806:
Lauritzen RS, Szabo RM, Lauritzen DB (February 1996). "Innervation of the lumbrical muscles".
780:
735:
683:
640:
1410:
1221:
930:
883:
815:
772:
725:
717:
675:
422:
88:
1531:
1364:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1145:
437:
The lumbrical muscles, with the help of the interosseous muscles, simultaneously flex the
445:
of the digit on which it inserts. The lumbricals are used during an upstroke in writing.
385:. The third and fourth lumbricals (most ulnar two) are innervated by the deep branch of
1497:
1065:
1014:
730:
705:
887:
819:
776:
706:"A biomechanical and evolutionary perspective on the function of the lumbrical muscle"
1717:
1706:
402:
950:
903:
1019:
835:
382:
109:
792:
35:
306:
It passes posteriorly along the radial side of the index finger to insert on the
386:
934:
721:
679:
1359:
298:
942:
172:
336:
784:
739:
687:
895:
827:
1002:
197:
1242:
221:
121:
243:
also have a similar action, though they are of less clinical concern.
1634:
1451:
1160:
1117:
1056:
990:
959:
398:
213:
75:
853:(10th ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 64, 82.
635:
Gosling JA, Harris PF, Humpherson JR, Whitmore I, Willan PL (2008).
454:
378:
363:
143:
99:
1516:
458:
217:
963:
1089:
994:
753:
Schweizer A (April 2003). "Lumbrical tears in rock climbers".
668:
Journal of
Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery
377:
The first and second lumbricals (the most radial two) are
368:
Lumbricals labeled at bottom left. Left hand, palmar view.
413:
Four separate sources supply blood to these muscles: the
1667:
1642:
1633:
1600:
1562:
1524:
1515:
1490:
1450:
1399:
1348:
1339:
1305:
1265:
1256:
1241:
1204:
1159:
1131:
1103:
1088:
1055:
1001:
610:
Wrist joint. Deep dissection. Anterior, palmar view
598:
Wrist joint. Deep dissection. Anterior, palmar view
586:
Wrist joint. Deep dissection. Anterior, palmar view
178:
166:
154:
142:
137:
115:
98:
74:
62:
50:
45:
28:
16:Muscles in the central compartment of the hand
975:
808:Journal of Hand Surgery (Edinburgh, Scotland)
704:Wang K, McGlinn EP, Chung KC (January 2014).
8:
263:, while the third and fourth lumbricals are
630:
628:
626:
624:
1639:
1521:
1345:
1262:
1253:
1100:
1007:
982:
968:
960:
923:Journal of the Anatomical Society of India
34:
766:
729:
478:Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina
397:(i.e. if the muscle units supplying the
269:
637:Human Anatomy: Color Atlas and Textbook
620:
468:
259:. The first and second lumbricals are
195:
25:
639:(5th ed.). Philadelphia: Mosby.
7:
851:Last's Anatomy: Regional and Applied
699:
697:
661:
659:
657:
453:The term "lumbrical" comes from the
14:
603:
591:
579:
567:
555:
543:
531:
519:
507:
495:
483:
471:
1370:extensor carpi radialis longus
1297:flexor digitorum superficialis
574:Muscles of hand, cross section
85:common palmar digital arteries
1:
888:10.1016/S0266-7681(98)80063-6
820:10.1016/s0266-7681(96)80013-1
777:10.1016/S0266-7681(02)00250-4
241:lumbrical muscles of the foot
419:common palmar digital artery
21:Lumbrical muscle of the foot
1580:flexor digiti minimi brevis
710:The Journal of Hand Surgery
1734:
1322:flexor digitorum profundus
935:10.1016/j.jasi.2018.11.006
722:10.1016/j.jhsa.2013.06.029
680:10.1016/j.bjps.2006.06.023
439:metacarpophalangeal joints
395:flexor digitorum profundus
253:flexor digitorum profundus
226:metacarpophalangeal joints
192:Anatomical terms of muscle
125:metacarpophalangeal joints
106:deep branch of ulnar nerve
57:Flexor digitorum profundus
19:For the foot muscles, see
18:
1713:Muscles of the upper limb
1010:
312:metacarpophalangeal joint
190:
149:musculi lumbricales manus
33:
1547:abductor pollicis brevis
1431:extensor pollicis longus
1426:extensor pollicis brevis
1421:abductor pollicis longus
876:Journal of Hand Surgery
755:Journal of Hand Surgery
415:superficial palmar arch
81:Superficial palmar arch
1585:abductor digiti minimi
1575:opponens digiti minimi
1542:flexor pollicis brevis
1391:extensor carpi ulnaris
1386:extensor digiti minimi
1327:flexor pollicis longus
849:Sinnatamby CS (1999).
502:Lumbricals of the hand
490:Lumbricals of the hand
443:interphalangeal joints
369:
255:, and distally to the
234:interphalangeal joints
132:interphalangeal joints
29:Lumbricals of the hand
1460:bicipital aponeurosis
1287:flexor carpi radialis
441:while extending both
427:dorsal digital artery
367:
93:dorsal digital artery
1654:extensor retinaculum
1292:flexor carpi ulnaris
1482:antebrachial fascia
1416:anatomical snuffbox
1227:triangular interval
1184:intermuscular septa
1076:infraspinous fascia
1071:supraspinous fascia
257:extensor expansions
108:, first and second
1684:palmar aponeurosis
1679:flexor retinaculum
1659:extensor expansion
1503:osborne's ligament
1381:extensor digitorum
1317:pronator quadratus
1217:quadrangular space
1151:articularis cubiti
370:
308:extensor expansion
69:Extensor expansion
1700:
1699:
1696:
1695:
1692:
1691:
1554:adductor pollicis
1537:opponens pollicis
1511:
1510:
1446:
1445:
1335:
1334:
1237:
1236:
1084:
1083:
860:978-0-443-05611-6
646:978-0-7234-3451-1
562:Lumbricals muscle
550:Lumbricals muscle
538:Lumbricals muscle
526:Lumbricals muscle
514:Lumbricals muscle
465:Additional images
362:
361:
206:
205:
201:
104:Third and fourth
1725:
1672:
1647:
1640:
1522:
1438:extensor indicis
1404:
1353:
1346:
1310:
1270:
1263:
1254:
1222:triangular space
1113:coracobrachialis
1101:
1008:
984:
977:
970:
961:
955:
954:
914:
908:
907:
871:
865:
864:
846:
840:
839:
803:
797:
796:
770:
750:
744:
743:
733:
701:
692:
691:
663:
652:
650:
632:
607:
595:
583:
571:
559:
547:
535:
523:
511:
499:
487:
475:
423:deep palmar arch
270:
198:edit on Wikidata
89:deep palmar arch
38:
26:
1733:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1688:
1668:
1663:
1643:
1629:
1596:
1592:palmaris brevis
1558:
1507:
1486:
1442:
1400:
1395:
1365:brachioradialis
1349:
1331:
1306:
1301:
1282:palmaris longus
1266:
1245:
1233:
1200:
1179:brachial fascia
1174:axillary fascia
1169:axillary sheath
1155:
1141:triceps brachii
1127:
1092:
1080:
1051:
997:
988:
958:
916:
915:
911:
873:
872:
868:
861:
848:
847:
843:
805:
804:
800:
768:10.1.1.539.6140
752:
751:
747:
703:
702:
695:
665:
664:
655:
647:
634:
633:
622:
618:
611:
608:
599:
596:
587:
584:
575:
572:
563:
560:
551:
548:
539:
536:
527:
524:
515:
512:
503:
500:
491:
488:
479:
476:
467:
451:
435:
411:
375:
249:
202:
41:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1731:
1729:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1705:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1686:
1681:
1675:
1673:
1665:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1637:
1631:
1630:
1628:
1627:
1626:
1625:
1620:
1610:
1604:
1602:
1598:
1597:
1595:
1594:
1589:
1588:
1587:
1582:
1577:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1559:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1544:
1539:
1528:
1526:
1519:
1513:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1498:cubital tunnel
1494:
1492:
1488:
1487:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1465:common tendons
1462:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1441:
1440:
1435:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1413:
1407:
1405:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1367:
1356:
1354:
1343:
1337:
1336:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1329:
1324:
1319:
1313:
1311:
1303:
1302:
1300:
1299:
1294:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1277:pronator teres
1273:
1271:
1260:
1251:
1239:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1232:
1231:
1230:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1208:
1206:
1202:
1201:
1199:
1198:
1197:
1196:
1191:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1165:
1163:
1157:
1156:
1154:
1153:
1148:
1143:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1098:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1073:
1068:
1066:deltoid fascia
1062:
1060:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1017:
1011:
1005:
999:
998:
989:
987:
986:
979:
972:
964:
957:
956:
929:(2): 130–132.
909:
866:
859:
841:
798:
745:
693:
674:(10): 1120–6.
653:
645:
619:
617:
614:
613:
612:
609:
602:
600:
597:
590:
588:
585:
578:
576:
573:
566:
564:
561:
554:
552:
549:
542:
540:
537:
530:
528:
525:
518:
516:
513:
506:
504:
501:
494:
492:
489:
482:
480:
477:
470:
466:
463:
450:
447:
434:
431:
410:
407:
374:
371:
360:
359:
356:
353:
350:
346:
345:
342:
339:
334:
330:
329:
326:
323:
320:
316:
315:
304:
301:
296:
292:
291:
286:
281:
276:
248:
245:
212:are intrinsic
204:
203:
194:
188:
187:
182:
176:
175:
170:
164:
163:
158:
152:
151:
146:
140:
139:
135:
134:
119:
113:
112:
102:
96:
95:
78:
72:
71:
66:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
43:
42:
39:
31:
30:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1730:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1710:
1708:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1677:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1605:
1603:
1599:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1571:
1568:
1567:
1565:
1561:
1555:
1552:
1548:
1545:
1543:
1540:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1533:
1530:
1529:
1527:
1525:lateral volar
1523:
1520:
1518:
1514:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1495:
1493:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1449:
1439:
1436:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1398:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1363:
1362:
1361:
1358:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1338:
1328:
1325:
1323:
1320:
1318:
1315:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1304:
1298:
1295:
1293:
1290:
1288:
1285:
1283:
1280:
1278:
1275:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1255:
1252:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1195:
1192:
1190:
1187:
1186:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1152:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1142:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1134:
1130:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1077:
1074:
1072:
1069:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1040:subscapularis
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1030:infraspinatus
1028:
1026:
1025:supraspinatus
1023:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
985:
980:
978:
973:
971:
966:
965:
962:
952:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
870:
867:
862:
856:
852:
845:
842:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
802:
799:
794:
790:
786:
782:
778:
774:
769:
764:
760:
756:
749:
746:
741:
737:
732:
727:
723:
719:
716:(1): 149–55.
715:
711:
707:
700:
698:
694:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
662:
660:
658:
654:
648:
642:
638:
631:
629:
627:
625:
621:
615:
606:
601:
594:
589:
582:
577:
570:
565:
558:
553:
546:
541:
534:
529:
522:
517:
510:
505:
498:
493:
486:
481:
474:
469:
464:
462:
460:
456:
448:
446:
444:
440:
432:
430:
428:
424:
420:
416:
408:
406:
404:
403:middle finger
400:
396:
390:
388:
384:
380:
372:
366:
357:
354:
351:
348:
347:
343:
340:
338:
335:
332:
331:
327:
324:
321:
318:
317:
313:
309:
305:
302:
300:
297:
294:
293:
290:
287:
285:
282:
280:
277:
275:
272:
271:
268:
266:
262:
258:
254:
246:
244:
242:
237:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
215:
211:
199:
193:
189:
186:
183:
181:
177:
174:
171:
169:
165:
162:
159:
157:
153:
150:
147:
145:
141:
136:
133:
130:
126:
123:
120:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
101:
97:
94:
90:
86:
82:
79:
77:
73:
70:
67:
65:
61:
58:
55:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
27:
22:
1669:
1644:
1612:
1607:
1601:intermediate
1563:medial volar
1464:
1401:
1351:superficial:
1350:
1307:
1268:superficial:
1267:
1248:compartments
1211:
1183:
1095:compartments
1020:rotator cuff
926:
922:
912:
882:(3): 384–8.
879:
875:
869:
850:
844:
811:
807:
801:
761:(2): 187–9.
758:
754:
748:
713:
709:
671:
667:
636:
452:
436:
412:
409:Blood supply
391:
383:median nerve
376:
373:Nerve supply
288:
283:
278:
273:
250:
238:
209:
207:
161:A04.6.02.065
148:
110:median nerve
1047:teres major
1035:teres minor
814:(1): 57–8.
457:, meaning "
387:ulnar nerve
138:Identifiers
1707:Categories
1645:posterior:
1613:interossei
1570:hypothenar
1360:mobile wad
1123:brachialis
616:References
425:, and the
379:innervated
322:unipennate
299:unipennate
261:unipennate
210:lumbricals
1670:anterior:
1608:lumbrical
1411:supinator
1341:posterior
1133:posterior
943:0003-2778
763:CiteSeerX
449:Etymology
352:bipennate
337:bipennate
310:near the
289:Insertion
265:bipennate
247:Structure
64:Insertion
1470:extensor
1258:anterior
1146:anconeus
1105:anterior
1003:Shoulder
951:81678124
904:26384944
785:12631495
740:24369943
688:17825776
433:Function
1243:Forearm
1189:lateral
1015:deltoid
993:of the
991:Muscles
896:9665531
836:8084761
828:8676031
731:4155599
401:to the
381:by the
216:of the
214:muscles
117:Actions
46:Details
1635:fascia
1623:palmar
1618:dorsal
1532:thenar
1475:flexor
1452:fascia
1374:brevis
1212:spaces
1194:medial
1161:fascia
1118:biceps
1057:fascia
949:
941:
902:
894:
857:
834:
826:
793:244111
791:
783:
765:
738:
728:
686:
643:
421:, the
417:, the
399:tendon
349:Fourth
319:Second
284:Origin
230:extend
228:, and
129:extend
76:Artery
52:Origin
1491:other
1402:deep:
1308:deep:
1205:other
947:S2CID
900:S2CID
832:S2CID
789:S2CID
651:p. 97
455:Latin
333:Third
295:First
220:that
196:[
185:37385
144:Latin
100:Nerve
1718:Hand
1517:Hand
1372:and
939:ISSN
892:PMID
855:ISBN
824:PMID
781:PMID
736:PMID
684:PMID
641:ISBN
459:worm
279:Form
239:The
232:the
224:the
222:flex
218:hand
208:The
173:2532
156:TA98
122:Flex
1090:Arm
995:arm
931:doi
884:doi
816:doi
773:doi
726:PMC
718:doi
676:doi
461:".
180:FMA
168:TA2
1709::
945:.
937:.
927:67
925:.
921:.
898:.
890:.
880:23
878:.
830:.
822:.
812:21
810:.
787:.
779:.
771:.
759:28
757:.
734:.
724:.
714:39
712:.
708:.
696:^
682:.
672:60
670:.
656:^
623:^
429:.
389:.
314:.
267:.
236:.
127:,
91:,
87:,
83:,
1250:)
1246:(
1097:)
1093:(
1059::
983:e
976:t
969:v
953:.
933::
906:.
886::
863:.
838:.
818::
795:.
775::
742:.
720::
690:.
678::
649:.
274:#
200:]
23:.
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