20:
666:
384:
re:g-, but there are phonological problems (-ei- should be -i-) and morphological problems (the ending looks like the nominative of an -i- stem, unattested for this form elsewhere in Celtic). The from is seen in
Gaulish names such as
361:"house." He notes that it is "completely obscure, not only with respect to meaning, but also grammatically: is it a verb in the 3 sg. preterite, or the Abl. sg. of a root noun?" The form
707:
741:
253:
in line 5 seem to be conjoined genitive plurals (-ok-um) probably indicating tribal names or place names, and both ending with a clitic copula (-kue); both
411:
189:"in Luzaga," is one of only three survivals of the locative case in all of Celtic (the other two also are in Celtiberian; see below.) Also in line 2,
42:
with a bradawl or similar, and which has 7 holes, perhaps in order to be held. Since its discovery in the late nineteenth century, it has been lost.
292:
seen in the second line of the
Cortono bronze (the last word of which may contain one of the only survivals of the PIE locative case in Celtic:
700:
585:
Cólera, Carlos Jordán (2007) "Celtiberian," e-Keltoi: Journal of
Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6, Article 17. p. 772 Available at:
522:
Cólera, Carlos Jordán (2007) "Celtiberian," e-Keltoi: Journal of
Interdisciplinary Celtic Studies: Vol. 6, Article 17. p. 772 Available at:
736:
621:
731:
726:
693:
654:
334:
in line 6 seems to be an accusative form of a determiner, probably related to the
Insular Celtic determiner
380:
in line 8 has been connected with the Celtic (and Proto-Indo-European) word for "king," *rig- < *h
451:
Monumenta
Linguarum Hispanicarum. IV Die tartessischen, keltiberischen und lusitanischen Inschriften
446:
597:
Jordán, Carlos (2005): “¿Sistema dual de escritura en celtibérico?”, Palaeohispanica 5, pp. 1016
470:
Jordán, Carlos (2005): “¿Sistema dual de escritura en celtibérico?”, Palaeohispanica 5, pp. 1014
555:
281:"son" in the Botorrita plaque, suggest that many of the forms in this inscription are names.
677:
547:
343:
262:
198:
207:(probably 'all this valid by order of the established authority'), meaning "valid" < *
178:
from a PIE root starting in *g-, with the meaning 'object of exchange', cf. Middle Welsh
393:
may be an exact cognate to the form here. An Old Irish Ogham inscription shows the form
720:
538:
Eska, Joseph F. (March 12, 2018). "Laryngeal
Realism and the Prehistory of Celtic".
35:
373:
so together "roofed (or partly roofed) garden or enclosure" perhaps "courtyard."
673:
422:
559:
397:. The same element may be seen in the first word of the Uxama tessera above:
551:
19:
586:
523:
412:“Novetats sobre el sistema dual de diferenciació gràfica de les oclusives”
492:
Lambert, Pierre-Yves (1996) (review of
Beltran, Hoz and Untermann, 1996)
342:
appears in a variant form (different case and/or gender?) in the third
30:
665:
39:
357:
in line 7 is discussed by
Matasovic under the Proto-Celtic root *
303:
in the first line is the genitive singular of the same form):
34:
is a plate of 16 x 15 centimeters which has, in 8 lines, 123
627:. Boletín del Museo Arqueológico Nacional. pp. 137–144.
401:(though Jordán 2005 has a different reading of this form).
622:"Unas puntualizaciones a los bronces de Luzaga y Cortono"
681:
54:
gortika : lutiakei : aukis : barazioka
222:
in line 3 may be connected to the Proto-Celtic root
150:is probably from a related but unattested Gaulish
202:
142:meaning "enclosed place" also seen in Old Irish
533:
531:
701:
8:
423:“¿Sistema dual de escritura en celtibérico?”
57:erna : uela : tigerzetaz : so
69:karuo : tegez : sa : gortika
708:
694:
511:Wörterbuch der keltiberischen Inschriften.
92:in the second line of the Uxama tessera:
277:twice in line 5) which closely parallels
265:. These and the repeated forms beginning
639:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic.
608:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic.
574:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic.
540:Transactions of the Philological Society
481:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic.
261:are also common endings of forms on the
88:(lines 1-2) seems to parallel the forms
51:aregoratikubos : karuo : genei
18:
587:https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/17
524:https://dc.uwm.edu/ekeltoi/vol6/iss1/17
463:
309:]rDAs : oTAi : kortono :
146:"field." Note also that the place name
288:seems to be a palatalized variant of
158:may mean "mandatory, required" from *
7:
662:
660:
66:sdam : gortikam : elazunom
742:Archaeological discoveries in Spain
369:may contain the same root, if from
63:genis : garikokue : genis
16:Inscription in Celtiberian language
680:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
14:
664:
576:Leiden: Brill. 2009. pp. 378-379
507:Monumenta Linguarum Hispanicarum
197:seen in the line 2 of the third
610:Leiden: Brill. 2006. p. 378-379
620:Cólera, Carlos Jordán (2017).
1:
338:. In the same line, the form
238:, and the Gaulish place name
410:Ferrer i Jané, Joan (2005):
641:Leiden: Brill. 2009. p. 436
483:Leiden: Brill. 2006. p. 436
321:louKAiteitubos : tures
312:alaTAi : atiko :
211:'strong, valid', cf. Latin
126:may be from Indo-European *
38:characters engraved in the
758:
737:European archaeology stubs
659:
226:"lord, master" (Old Irish
170:). But Schrijver derives
118:In lines 2 and 7 the form
98:boruotureka : tureibo
60:ueizui : belaiokumkue
672:This article relating to
185:The next form in line 2,
732:Celtiberian inscriptions
727:Archaeological artifacts
655:Luzaga's history website
441:Celtiberian Inscriptions
439:Meid, Wolfgang. (1994).
432:Jordán, Carlos. (2004):
324:bunDAlos : kortonei
318:arGAtobezom : loutu
138:...) > Proto-Celtic *
552:10.1111/1467-968x.12122
513:Wiesbaden: L. Reichert.
421:Jordán, Carlos (2005):
299:"Bundalos in Cortono"--
204:soz augu arestalo damai
203:
102:eskeinis : kortica
429:5, pp. 1013–1030.
376:The second element of
109:saikios : baisais
24:
546:(3). Wiley: 320–331.
218:The first element of
130:(whence also English
22:
505:Wodtko, D.S. (2000)
418:5, pp. 957–982.
348:elazuna ensikum turo
365:probably modifying
240:(Castrum ) Tigernum
193:may be related to
174:from Proto-Celtic
106:usama : antos
25:
689:
688:
447:Untermann, Jürgen
90:es-keinis kortika
23:The Luzaga Bronze
749:
710:
703:
696:
668:
661:
642:
635:
629:
628:
626:
617:
611:
604:
598:
595:
589:
583:
577:
570:
564:
563:
535:
526:
520:
514:
503:
497:
494:Études celtiques
490:
484:
477:
471:
468:
389:, one of which,
344:Botorrita plaque
294:bundalos korton-
263:Botorrita plaque
206:
199:Botorrita plaque
162:; compare Latin
757:
756:
752:
751:
750:
748:
747:
746:
717:
716:
715:
714:
676:in Europe is a
651:
646:
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636:
632:
624:
619:
618:
614:
605:
601:
596:
592:
584:
580:
571:
567:
537:
536:
529:
521:
517:
504:
500:
496:32, pp. 268-274
491:
487:
478:
474:
469:
465:
460:
427:Palaeohispanica
416:Palaeohispanica
407:
405:Further reading
383:
234:, Middle Welsh
166:"exhort" from *
82:
48:
17:
12:
11:
5:
755:
753:
745:
744:
739:
734:
729:
719:
718:
713:
712:
705:
698:
690:
687:
686:
669:
658:
657:
650:
649:External links
647:
644:
643:
637:Matasovic, R.
630:
612:
606:Matasovic, R.
599:
590:
578:
572:Matasovic, R.
565:
527:
515:
498:
485:
479:Matasovic, R.
472:
462:
461:
459:
456:
455:
454:
444:
437:
430:
419:
406:
403:
381:
328:
327:
326:
325:
322:
319:
316:
310:
273:in line 1 and
249:in line 4 and
247:belai-okum-kue
116:
115:
114:
113:
110:
107:
104:
99:
81:
78:
76:(Jordán 2005)
74:
73:
70:
67:
64:
61:
58:
55:
52:
47:
44:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
754:
743:
740:
738:
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733:
730:
728:
725:
724:
722:
711:
706:
704:
699:
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679:
675:
670:
667:
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656:
653:
652:
648:
640:
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631:
623:
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613:
609:
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594:
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588:
582:
579:
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569:
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545:
541:
534:
532:
528:
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519:
516:
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508:
502:
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495:
489:
486:
482:
476:
473:
467:
464:
457:
452:
448:
445:
442:
438:
435:
431:
428:
424:
420:
417:
413:
409:
408:
404:
402:
400:
396:
392:
388:
379:
374:
372:
368:
364:
360:
356:
351:
349:
346:, line 2.57:
345:
341:
337:
333:
323:
320:
317:
315:
311:
308:
307:
306:
305:
304:
302:
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137:
133:
129:
125:
121:
111:
108:
105:
103:
100:
97:
96:
95:
94:
93:
91:
87:
86:genei gortika
84:The sequence
79:
77:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
56:
53:
50:
49:
46:Transcription
45:
43:
41:
37:
33:
32:
21:
682:expanding it
671:
638:
633:
615:
607:
602:
593:
581:
573:
568:
543:
539:
518:
510:
506:
501:
493:
488:
480:
475:
466:
453:, Wiesbaden.
450:
440:
433:
426:
415:
399:boruotu-reka
398:
395:Voteco-rigas
394:
390:
386:
378:teiuo-reikis
377:
375:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
352:
347:
339:
335:
331:
329:
313:
300:
295:
293:
289:
285:
283:
278:
274:
270:
266:
258:
254:
250:
246:
244:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
217:
212:
208:
194:
190:
186:
184:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
123:
119:
117:
101:
89:
85:
83:
75:
28:
26:
674:archaeology
443:, Budapest.
436:, Zaragoza.
434:Celtibérico
284:In line 4,
251:gar-iko-kue
220:tiger-zetaz
182:'cattle.'
112:kaltaikikos
72:teiuoreikis
36:Celtiberian
721:Categories
458:References
245:The forms
215:'solemn'.
168:ex-gʰor-to
160:gʰor-ti-ka
124:gort-ik-am
29:Bronze of
560:0079-1636
353:The form
330:The form
224:*tigerno-
187:lutiak-ei
122:and in 6
120:gort-ik-a
449:(1997):
387:Catu-rix
371:*ad-tego
340:elazunom
301:korton-o
213:augustus
209:h₂eug-os
180:gwarthec
176:*gortikā
164:ex-horto
134:, Latin
391:Devorix
367:kortono
230:, Ogam
172:gortika
156:gortika
152:*gortia
128:ghorto-
558:
359:teg-os
336:*sind-
314:ueitui
290:ueitui
286:ueizui
279:kentis
232:TIGIRN
228:tigern
140:gorto-
136:hortus
132:garden
31:Luzaga
625:(PDF)
509:V.1.
363:atiko
355:tegez
275:genis
271:genei
259:-okum
255:-ikom
236:teyrn
191:aukis
154:. Or
148:Gorze
80:Notes
40:metal
678:stub
556:ISSN
332:sdam
267:gen-
257:and
195:augu
144:gort
27:The
548:doi
544:116
242:).
723::
554:.
542:.
530:^
425:,
414:,
350:.
296:ei
201::
709:e
702:t
695:v
684:.
562:.
550::
382:3
269:(
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