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in typical mating position of this species. The top snail is performing the male role (sperm donor), its white preputium (penis-carrying organ, Pp) can be seen inserted under the shell of the sperm recipient, where the female opening is located. During insemination, sperm (from the seminal vesicles)
784:
Feng Z-P., Zhang Z., Kesteren R. E. van, Straub V. A., Nierop P. van, Jin K., Nejatbakhsh N., Goldberg J. I., Spencer G. E., Yeoman M. S., Wildering W., Coorssen J. R., Croll R. P., Buck L. T., Syed N. I. & Smit A. B. (23 September 2009) "Transcriptome analysis of the central nervous system of
1060:
Arnaud Giusti, Pierre
Leprince, Gabriel Mazzucchelli, Jean-Pierre Thomé, Laurent Lagadic, Virginie Ducrot, Célia Joaquim-Justo : Proteomic Analysis of the Reproductive Organs of the Hermaphroditic Gastropod Lymnaea stagnalis Exposed to Different Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals; PLOS|ONE 19
276:, mainly the temperate zones of Northern America, Europe and Asia. The snail can be found in many ponds, lakes and very slow-moving rivers with a rich underwater vegetation. The northernmost populations exist in northern Norway, and in Central Europe, it inhabits even
296:. The shells vary from light brown to dark brown, and the height of an adult shell ranges from 45 to 60 millimeters. Rarely, snails with a 70 mm shell can be found. The width of an adult shell ranges from 20 to 30 mm.
815:
Koene J. M., Sloot W., Montagne-Wajer K., Cummins S. F., Degnan B. M., Smith J. S., Nagle G. T. & Maat A. ter (2010). "Male
Accessory Gland Protein Reduces Egg Laying in a Simultaneous Hermaphrodite".
405:
central nervous system are large in size (diameter: up to ~100 μm), thus allowing electrophysiological dissection of neuronal networks that has yielded profound insights in the working mechanisms of
483:
perform more inseminations in larger groups and prefer to inseminate novel over familiar partners. Such higher motivation to copulate when a new partner is encountered is known as the
299:
The shell has 4.5 to 6 weakly convex whorls. The upper whorls are pointed, while the last whorl is suddenly inflated. Young great pond snails can be confused with those of the genus
284:
used in
Germany to judge the quality of freshwater biotopes, the species has a value of 1.9 and indicates a biotope with a water quality class II, the second-highest.
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1349:
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and seminal fluids (from the prostate gland) are transferred. Since these are simultaneous hermaphrodites, sexual roles can be swapped immediately afterwards.
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is a simultaneously hermaphroditic species and can mate in the male and female role, but within one copulation only one sexual role is performed at a time.
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snails can be easily be kept in a freshwater aquarium at room temperature, and fed with various sorts of vegetables, salad, cabbage and
1219:
1021:
Hoffer J. N. A., Ellers J. & Koene J. M. (2010). "Costs of receipt and donation of ejaculates in a simultaneous hermaphrodite".
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per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis
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944:
Soldanova M., Selbach C., Sures B., Kostadinova A. & Perez-del-Olmo A. (2010). "Larval trematode communities in
1354:
1250:
582:
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401:, many of them individually identifiable, organized in a ring of interconnected ganglia. Most neurons of the
1059:
352:
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954:
909:
542:
317:
130:
1109:
311:—though adults of the latter species are a lot smaller, with shell heights of only 12 to 20 millimeters.
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looks at the ability of a biotope to self-regulate its organic matter content under aerobic conditions.
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This article incorporates CC-BY-2.0 text from references and CC-BY-2.5 text from the reference
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have also identified novel cellular and molecular mechanisms in neuronal regeneration,
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58:
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438:
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1323:
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907:(Trematoda) in its snail host under high temperature: role of host resistance".
618:, leftover food must be removed in time, and the water exchanged often. Using a
245:
to study parasitology, neurology, embryonal development and genetic regulation.
206:
34:
873:
Kudlai O. S. (2009). "The discovery of the intermediate host for the trematode
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413:, locomotion, and reproduction. Studies using the central nervous system of
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taxonomy,short description, distribution, biology,status (threats), images
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leaves. Fish food will also be eaten, as well as aquarium pests like
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https://web.archive.org/web/20090925182719/http://www.lymnaea.org/
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in pond snails: male motivation in a simultaneous hermaphrodite".
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336:
301:
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1198:
1069:
706:. 10th edition. Vermes. Testacea: 700–781. Holmiae. (Salvius).
487:
and has been demonstrated in hermaphrodites firstly in 2007.
903:
Leicht K. & Seppälä O. (2014). "Infection success of
409:
controlling relatively simple behaviors such as feeding,
305:, and rarely, in cases of irregularly grown shells, with
1078:
654:Seddon, M.B.; Van Damme, D.; Cordeiro, J. (2017).
940:
938:
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934:
932:
930:
844:Koene J. M. & Maat A. T. (6 November 2007) "
679:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T155475A42428297.en
370:LPaG and RPaG: left and right parietal ganglia
364:LCeG and RCeG: left and right cerebral ganglia
368:LPIG and RPIG: left and right pleural ganglia
8:
840:
838:
836:
811:
809:
362:LBuG and RBuG: left and right buccal ganglia
877:(Trematoda, Echinostomatidae) in Ukraine".
780:
778:
776:
611:polyp, and the eggs of other water snails.
366:LPeG and RPeG: left and right pedal ganglia
1066:
952:in a reservoir system of the Ruhr River".
52:
33:
20:
743:
733:
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292:For the terms used in this section, see
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397:(CNS) consisting of a total of ~20,000
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280:at 1700 meters above sea level. In the
983:as experimental intermediate host for
580:has been experimentally infected with
433:, the neurobiology of development and
356:The dissected central ring ganglia of
716:Kuroda, Reiko; Abe, Masanori (2020).
630:must be offered to cover the snails'
7:
1365:1794f9f3-347b-4675-98c3-0d1bb40108aa
1251:ed122fc1-cc72-441a-a559-a5d8121c6cf8
272:The distribution of this species is
1440:IUCN Red List least concern species
665:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
718:"The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis"
622:is also recommended. Depending on
14:
614:Due to the development of toxic
393:has a relatively simple central
379:is widely used for the study of
328:
316:
77:
335:Great pond snail with an adult
990:Zeitschrift für Parasitenkunde
1:
1455:Gastropods described in 1758
828:10.1371/journal.pone.0010117
557:Diplostomum pseudospathaceum
441:, and adaptive responses to
241:. The great pond snail is a
1460:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
1476:
985:Elaphostrongylus rangiferi
735:10.1186/s13227-020-00169-4
583:Elaphostrongylus rangiferi
536:Echinoparyphium recurvatum
905:Echinoparyphium aconiatum
892:10.2478/v10058-009-0014-x
529:Echinoparyphium aconiatum
437:, the modulatory role of
360:. Scale bar is 1 mm.
179:
172:
74:Scientific classification
72:
50:
41:
32:
23:
1036:10.1186/1471-2148-10-393
1024:BMC Evolutionary Biology
851:BMC Evolutionary Biology
802:10.1186/1471-2164-10-451
955:Parasites & Vectors
922:10.1186/1756-3305-7-192
910:Parasites & Vectors
863:10.1186/1471-2148-7-212
766:Strictly speaking, the
571:Trichobilharzia szidati
217:of large air-breathing
1046:– Scholarpedia article
968:10.1186/1756-3305-3-56
672:: e.T155475A42428297.
473:
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373:
372:VG: visceral ganglion.
1056:Sequencing Consortium
979:Skorping A. (1985). "
564:Echinostoma revolutum
468:
451:
355:
1246:Fauna Europaea (new)
543:Opisthioglyphe ranae
515:, 1859) Hubner, 1939
16:Species of gastropod
699:Linnaeus C. (1758)
550:Plagiorchis elegans
519:Other parasites of
427:synaptic plasticity
44:Conservation status
1450:Molluscs of Europe
474:
458:
387:and neurobiology.
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278:montane ecosystems
1427:
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1399:Open Tree of Life
1150:lymnaea-stagnalis
1137:Lymnaea_stagnalis
1124:Lymnaea_stagnalis
1110:Lymnaea stagnalis
1080:Lymnaea stagnalis
1072:Taxon identifiers
1054:Lymnaea stagnalis
1011:Lymnaea stagnalis
950:Lymnaea stagnalis
946:Radix auricularia
875:Moliniella anceps
787:Lymnaea stagnalis
658:Lymnaea stagnalis
620:water conditioner
608:Hydra viridissima
595:Lymnaea stagnalis
578:Lymnaea stagnalis
521:Lymnaea stagnalis
508:Moliniella anceps
500:intermediate host
496:Lymnaea stagnalis
481:Lymnaea stagnalis
477:Lymnaea stagnalis
471:Lymnaea stagnalis
453:Lymnaea stagnalis
423:synapse formation
415:Lymnaea stagnalis
407:neuronal networks
403:Lymnaea stagnalis
391:Lymnaea stagnalis
377:Lymnaea stagnalis
358:Lymnaea stagnalis
264:
260:Lymnaea stagnalis
257:
249:Limnaea stagnalis
202:Lymnaea stagnalis
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183:Lymnaea stagnalis
165:L. stagnalis
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27:Lymnaea stagnalis
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323:Typical shell
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308:Radix peregra
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258:: synonym of
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127:Superorder:
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1324:NatureServe
1272:iNaturalist
1104:Wikispecies
685:12 November
411:respiration
1445:Lymnaeidae
1434:Categories
1016:Animalbase
996:: 265–270.
638:References
628:cuttlebone
461:Life cycle
239:Lymnaeidae
141:Lymnaeidae
131:Hygrophila
121:Gastropoda
728:(1): 24.
599:dandelion
523:include:
491:Parasites
274:holarctic
229:gastropod
226:pulmonate
159:Species:
97:Kingdom:
91:Eukaryota
1329:2.109532
1290:10459475
1157:BioLib:
1089:Wikidata
819:PLoS ONE
754:33292457
616:nitrates
469:Eggs of
445:stress.
381:learning
191:Linnaeus
137:Family:
111:Mollusca
107:Phylum:
101:Animalia
87:Domain:
64:IUCN 3.1
1264:2291253
1095:Q911251
1043:Lymnaea
1030:: 393.
857:: 212.
796:: 451.
745:7716593
722:EvoDevo
634:needs.
632:calcium
443:hypoxic
399:neurons
253:baltica
234:in the
232:mollusk
223:aquatic
215:species
213:, is a
193:, 1758)
152:Lymnaea
147:Genus:
117:Class:
62: (
1417:181582
1404:844828
1391:181582
1362:NZOR:
1316:155475
1238:429554
1225:285988
1212:LYMNST
1199:453306
1145:ARKive
962:: 56.
958:2010,
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605:, the
498:is an
385:memory
236:family
1412:WoRMS
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1285:IRMNG
1277:61770
1220:EUNIS
1186:3WS6G
1173:30727
603:algae
513:Molin
502:for:
435:aging
417:as a
342:snail
338:Physa
302:Physa
288:Shell
251:var.
221:, an
1386:OBIS
1378:8312
1355:6523
1350:NCBI
1311:IUCN
1298:ITIS
1259:GBIF
1207:EPPO
1168:BOLD
1160:2565
948:and
750:PMID
687:2021
670:2017
209:the
1337:NBN
1194:EoL
1181:CoL
1132:AFD
1119:ADW
1032:doi
1014:at
987:".
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