135:
seconds, the lowest of all three models. However, it produced the highest thrust of the three and was significantly cheaper. The primary change from the 5A model was that the 5B's expander bleed system circulated fuel around only the combustion chamber as opposed to both the chamber and the nozzle in the 5A. Alterations to the combustion chamber cooling passages and constituent materials were made with special emphasis on effective heat transfer to allow this method to be successful.
177:
that were becoming hard to acquire such as the electronics in the engine controller were to be replaced with modern components that could be reliably sourced for years to come, and the manufacturing method for the combustion chamber was to be likewise updated for similar reasons. The liquid hydrogen turbopump and turbine nozzle were to be updated for H3's longer mission duration times, and the performance of the liquid oxygen turbopump and fuel mixer was to be improved.
1816:
31:
121:
liquid hydrogen fuel for the cycle is drawn through tubes and passages in both the engine's nozzle and combustion chamber where the hydrogen heats up incredibly while simultaneously cooling those components. The heating of the initially cold fuel causes it to expand, and it is utilized to drive the
176:
launch vehicle, the veteran design of the LE-5B was once again revisited. To meet the requirements of the H3 and to ensure a stable supply of parts over H3's lifetime, performance was to be improved and costs were to be lowered, all while keeping development risk as low as possible. Obsolete parts
134:
was a further modified version of the LE-5A. The changes focused on lowering the per-unit cost of the engine while continuing to increase reliability. The modifications veered towards simplification and cheaper production where possible at the cost of actually lowering the specific impulse to 447
88:
igniters commonly used on some contemporary engines. Though rated for up to 16 starts and 40+ minutes of firing time, on the H-II the engine is considered expendable, being used for one flight and jettisoned. It is sometimes started only once for a nine-minute burn, but in missions to
191:
engines, performed nominally up until stage separation. Following separation, ignition of the LE-5B-3 could not be confirmed, and velocity started dropping significantly. At L+ 00:14:50, a self-destruct command was sent to H3. An investigation is currently ongoing.
76:. In terms of liquid rockets, it is a fairly small engine, both in size and thrust output, being in the 89 kN (20,000 lbf) and the more recent models the 130 kN (30,000 lbf) thrust class. The motor is capable of multiple restarts, due to a
152:
on
September 10, 2009. The main fixes were adding flow-laminarizing plates in the expander manifold, a new mixer of gaseous and liquid hydrogen in the hydrogen feed line, and a new injector plate with 306 smaller coaxial injectors (versus 180 in LE-5B). See
147:
on March 28, 2003 resulted in severe (although not damaging) vibration of the upper stage during LE-5B firing, work was initiated on an upgraded version of the LE-5B. The upgraded engine, named LE-5B-2, was first flown on a
112:
The LE-5A was a heavily redesigned version of the LE-5 intended for use on the new H-II launch vehicle's second stage. The major difference is that the operation of the engine was switched from the gas generator to
2149:
2144:
1953:
771:
1948:
699:
555:
802:
605:
2068:
157:
2139:
1467:
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1933:
1557:
587:
764:
536:
101:
90:
73:
629:
2088:
1422:
1141:
1103:
1483:
812:
100:
The original LE-5 was built as a second stage engine for the H-I launch vehicle. It used a fairly conventional
749:
1824:
1050:
1043:
903:
757:
114:
1908:
1777:
1547:
1537:
1228:
1210:
2098:
2093:
2043:
1963:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1787:
1562:
1512:
1450:
898:
93:
the engine is often fired a second time to inject the payload into the higher orbit after a temporary
2063:
2058:
2053:
2048:
2038:
1472:
784:
2073:
1893:
1593:
1463:
1148:
788:
650:"JAXA | The first information on the result of the first H3 Launch Vehicle (H3 TF1) launch (No.2)"
565:
117:. The LE-5A was the world's first expander bleed cycle engine to be put into operational service.
1888:
724:
516:
1968:
674:
612:
46:
2018:
1998:
1117:
1110:
307:
183:
On the H3 launch vehicles first flight on March 7, 2023, the first stage, consisting of two
675:"Japan's new H3 rocket fails on 1st test flight, advanced Earth observation satellite lost"
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94:
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77:
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1397:
1181:
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1023:
842:
780:
42:
58:
45:
engine and its derivative models were developed in Japan to meet the need for an
1487:
1454:
1387:
1382:
1377:
173:
81:
591:
85:
540:
1522:
118:
635:
164:. The upgrade reduced the vibrations produced by the upper stage by half.
1983:
1978:
1898:
1883:
1868:
1572:
1276:
2113:* Different versions of the engine use different propellant combinations
2078:
1903:
1878:
1873:
1633:
1628:
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1613:
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1603:
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1016:
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180:
The first example of the updated design was test fired in March, 2017.
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17:
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517:
Development of the LE-X Engine, MHI Technical Review Vol. 48 No. 4
501:
496:
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149:
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29:
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1177:
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980:
939:
933:
893:
511:
506:
491:
188:
54:
753:
30:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1993:
700:"Japan launches H3 rocket, destroys it over 2nd-stage failure"
486:
69:
62:
50:
725:"Japan's H3 Rocket Fails During Inaugural Launch - TLP News"
27:
Japanese hydrolox rocket engine used on the H3 upper stage
72:. Primary design and production work was carried out by
606:"Studies on Expander Bleed Cycle Engines for Launchers"
1823:
1752:
1449:
1442:
1173:
1164:
1012:
831:
822:
811:
588:"Encyclopedia Astronautica info page on the LE-5A"
537:"Encyclopedia Astronautica info page on the LE-5"
631:Encyclopedia Astronautica info page on the LE-5B
560:(in Japanese). Turbomachinery Society of Japan/
765:
8:
2150:Rocket engines using the gas-generator cycle
1446:
1170:
828:
819:
772:
758:
750:
654:JAXA | Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
2145:Rocket engines using hydrogen propellant
199:
528:
155:LE-5B-2 development summary (Japanese)
673:Andrew Jones published (2023-03-07).
7:
803:Comparison of orbital rocket engines
80:system as opposed to the single use
250:
57:series of launch vehicles. It is a
122:turbine for the propellant pumps.
25:
1814:
1:
1599:RD-0202 to 0206, 0208 to 0213
502:H-IIB Japanese carrier rocket
497:H-IIA Japanese carrier rocket
564:. p. 10. Archived from
554:Akira Konno (October 1993).
492:H-II Japanese carrier rocket
468:
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487:H-I Japanese carrier rocket
74:Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
2166:
476:*, tank head pressure only
201:LE-5 model specifications
49:propulsion system for the
2109:
1812:
798:
456:
439:
289:
272:
222:
217:
214:
211:
208:
205:
723:S, Joseph (2023-03-07).
556:
2140:Rocket engines of Japan
1644:RD-250 to 252, 261, 262
557:わが国の液体ロケットエンジンの現状と今後の展望
273:Oxidizer to fuel ratio
611:. AIAA. Archived from
97:has been established.
35:
2120:are under development
1508:YF-20, 21, 22, 24, 25
1287:RD-107, 108, 117, 118
380:LOX rotational speed
33:
115:expander bleed cycle
1609:RD-0216, 0217, 0235
1272:RD-0107, 0108, 0110
202:
143:After flight F5 of
132:LE-5B (in Japanese)
102:gas generator cycle
223:Operational cycle
200:
160:2013-11-07 at the
36:
2127:
2126:
2069:Space Shuttle SRB
1810:
1809:
1748:
1747:
1438:
1437:
1160:
1159:
473:
472:
360:rotational speed
336:Chamber pressure
231:(nozzle/chamber)
16:(Redirected from
2157:
1818:
1817:
1654:RD-263, 268, 273
1585:along other LREs
1447:
1307:RD-191, 151, 181
1171:
829:
820:
774:
767:
760:
751:
739:
738:
736:
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698:Mari Yamaguchi.
695:
689:
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646:
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634:, archived from
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619:
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595:
590:. Archived from
584:
578:
577:
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573:
551:
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539:. Archived from
533:
308:Specific impulse
290:Expansion ratio
255:
203:
21:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2159:
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2156:
2155:
2154:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2105:
1826:
1819:
1815:
1806:
1744:
1634:RD-0255 to 0257
1629:RD-0243 to 0245
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1434:
1175:
1166:
1156:
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1008:
839:
833:
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792:launch vehicles
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569:
568:on May 28, 2021
558:
553:
552:
548:
535:
534:
530:
525:
483:
359:
316:
268:144.9 (32,500)
265:137.2 (30,800)
262:121.5 (27,300)
259:102.9 (23,100)
254:
240:
235:
230:
198:
170:
162:Wayback Machine
141:
128:
110:
95:low Earth orbit
66:
28:
23:
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2030:United States
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1784:United States
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1707:United States
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1433:
1432:
1431:
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1415:
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1405:
1400:
1395:
1393:LR70-NA , S-3D
1390:
1385:
1380:
1375:
1370:
1365:
1359:United States
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1348:
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1114:
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1095:
1089:United States
1087:
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1078:
1071:
1064:
1059:
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1029:
1027:
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969:United States
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781:Rocket engines
779:
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769:
762:
754:
747:
746:External links
744:
741:
740:
729:The Launch Pad
715:
690:
665:
641:
621:
618:on 2016-03-03.
597:
594:on 2002-06-25.
579:
546:
543:on 2002-06-26.
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469:60%, 30%, 3%*
467:
466:60%, 30%, 3%*
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450:
447:
444:
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440:Throttleable?
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234:Expander bleed
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196:Specifications
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78:spark ignition
64:
61:design, using
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1768:RD-211 to 214
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1639:RD-215 to 219
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1614:RD-0233, 0234
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1604:RD-0207, 0214
1602:
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1583:Paektusan LRE
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1267:RD-0105, 0109
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1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1201:
1197:
1195:
1192:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1179:
1172:
1169:
1163:
1151:
1150:
1146:
1144:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1136:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1124:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1088:
1084:
1083:
1079:
1077:
1076:
1072:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1048:
1046:
1045:
1041:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1033:
1031:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1021:
1011:
1003:
1000:
998:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
982:
978:
976:
975:
971:
970:
968:
964:
963:
959:
957:
954:
952:
951:KVD-1 (RD-56)
949:
948:
946:
942:
941:
937:
935:
932:
930:
927:
926:
924:
920:
917:
915:
912:
911:
909:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
891:
889:
885:
884:
880:
878:
877:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
852:
850:
849:
847:
844:
840:
830:
827:
825:
821:
818:
816:
810:
804:
801:
800:
797:
793:
790:
786:
782:
775:
770:
768:
763:
761:
756:
755:
752:
745:
730:
726:
719:
716:
705:
701:
694:
691:
680:
676:
669:
666:
655:
651:
645:
642:
638:on 2002-08-25
637:
633:
632:
625:
622:
614:
607:
601:
598:
593:
589:
583:
580:
567:
563:
559:
550:
547:
542:
538:
532:
529:
522:
518:
515:
513:
510:
508:
505:
503:
500:
498:
495:
493:
490:
488:
485:
484:
480:
475:
474:
455:
438:
422:
419:
418:
402:
399:
398:
382:
379:
378:
362:
355:
354:
338:
335:
334:
318:
313:
309:
306:
305:
288:
271:
248:
246:Rated thrust
245:
244:
221:
204:
195:
193:
190:
186:
181:
178:
175:
167:
165:
163:
159:
156:
151:
146:
138:
136:
133:
125:
123:
120:
116:
107:
105:
103:
98:
96:
92:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
43:liquid rocket
41:
32:
19:
2117:
1658:
1579:North Korea
1350:
1343:
1311:
1239:
1227:
1220:
1198:
1147:
1140:
1128:
1116:
1109:
1102:
1080:
1073:
1066:
1049:
1042:
1035:
979:
972:
960:
938:
928:
881:
874:
785:solid motors
732:. Retrieved
728:
718:
707:. Retrieved
703:
693:
682:. Retrieved
678:
668:
657:. Retrieved
653:
644:
636:the original
630:
624:
613:the original
600:
592:the original
582:
570:. Retrieved
566:the original
549:
541:the original
531:
415:2.79 (9.21)
412:2.79 (9.21)
409:2.69 (8.88)
406:2.68 (8.84)
311:
182:
179:
172:For the new
171:
142:
129:
111:
99:
59:bipropellant
39:
37:
2116:Engines in
1763:RD-109, 119
1701:RD-864, 869
1686:RD-854, 861
1649:RD-253, 275
1297:RD-170, 171
572:January 24,
351:3.78 (548)
348:3.58 (519)
345:3.98 (577)
342:3.65 (529)
206:LE-5 model
82:pyrotechnic
47:upper stage
2134:Categories
1503:YF-1, 2, 3
1451:Hypergolic
1423:Rutherford
1142:Prometheus
1104:Archimedes
734:2023-03-07
709:2023-03-07
684:2023-03-07
659:2023-03-07
523:References
435:290 (639)
432:285 (628)
429:248 (547)
426:255 (562)
339:MPa (PSI)
241:(chamber)
236:(chamber)
187:, and two
86:hypergolic
2044:Castor 30
1924:Zefiro 40
1919:Zefiro 23
1860:SpaB-140C
1257:NK-33, 44
1167:cryogenic
1013:Methalox
832:Hydrolox
824:Cryogenic
679:Space.com
423:kg (lbs)
119:Cryogenic
2059:Orbus-21
1914:Zefiro 9
1677:Ukraine
1455:Aerozine
1443:Storable
1335:Ukraine
1277:RD-0110R
1174:Kerolox
704:ABC News
481:See also
457:Down to
319:seconds
218:LE-5B-2
158:Archived
2118:italics
2079:Star 48
2074:Star 37
2054:Orbus-6
1975:Israel
1909:Waxwing
1865:Europe
1857:SpaB-65
1759:Russia
1624:RD-0237
1619:RD-0236
1590:Russia
1569:Israel
1529:Europe
1373:Kestrel
1319:S1.5400
1282:RD-0124
1248:Russia
1241:SCE-200
1137:Europe
1130:RD-0169
1125:Russia
1051:Longyun
1044:Lingyun
962:RD-0146
956:RD-0120
947:Russia
904:Vulcain
890:Europe
813:Liquid
789:orbital
562:J-STAGE
420:Weight
403:m (ft)
400:Length
395:18,560
392:18,000
389:17,000
386:16,000
375:53,504
372:52,000
369:51,000
366:50,000
168:LE-5B-3
139:LE-5B-2
2034:AJ-60A
1999:KM-V2b
1990:Japan
1964:Salman
1930:India
1904:Topaze
1869:Mage 1
1834:China
1825:Solid
1732:TR-201
1696:RD-856
1691:RD-855
1681:RD-843
1671:S5.98M
1660:RD-270
1554:India
1548:Viking
1538:Astris
1533:Aestus
1523:YF-50D
1499:China
1408:RS-27A
1398:Merlin
1388:LR-105
1352:RD-810
1345:RD-801
1329:TEPREL
1325:Spain
1313:RD-193
1302:RD-180
1292:RD-120
1236:India
1229:Welkin
1222:YF-130
1216:YF-115
1211:YF-102
1206:YF-100
1190:China
1118:Aeon R
1111:Aeon 1
1098:Raptor
1082:YF-215
1075:YF-209
1068:TQ-15A
1032:China
925:Japan
914:CE-7.5
910:India
865:YF-75D
851:China
215:LE-5B
212:LE-5A
2099:X-254
2094:X-248
2084:UA120
2064:Orion
2039:Algol
2024:SRB-A
2019:M-34c
1994:KM-V1
1984:RSA-3
1960:Iran
1853:FG-47
1848:FG-46
1843:FG-36
1838:FG-02
1799:XLR81
1793:RS-88
1788:Curie
1778:Gamma
1753:Other
1737:XLR81
1726:RS-88
1721:LR-91
1716:LR-87
1666:S5.92
1594:17D61
1563:Vikas
1543:Vexin
1518:YF-40
1513:YF-23
1486:, or
1466:, or
1460:UH 25
1428:XLR50
1413:RS-56
1403:RS-27
1383:LR-89
1378:LR-79
1262:RD-58
1252:NK-15
1200:TH-12
1194:TH-11
1165:Semi-
1062:TQ-12
1057:TQ-11
1037:BF-20
1002:RS-68
997:RS-25
974:BE-3U
919:CE-20
899:Vinci
883:YF-90
876:YF-79
870:YF-77
860:YF-75
855:YF-73
616:(PDF)
609:(PDF)
209:LE-5
185:SRB-3
150:H-IIB
145:H-IIA
126:LE-5B
108:LE-5A
18:LE-5A
2089:SRMU
2014:M-34
2009:M-24
2004:M-14
1979:LK-1
1969:Rafe
1954:S200
1949:S139
1899:P230
1894:P120
1827:fuel
1711:AJ10
1573:LK-4
1468:UDMH
1418:S-3D
1339:RD-8
1178:RP-1
1149:M-10
1093:BE-4
992:RL10
981:BE-7
940:LE-9
934:LE-7
929:LE-5
894:HM7B
815:fuel
787:for
783:and
574:2022
512:LE-9
507:LE-7
463:N/A
460:N/A
452:yes
449:yes
383:rpm
363:rpm
331:447
328:447
325:452
322:450
302:110
299:110
296:130
293:140
276:5.5
249:kN (
189:LE-9
130:The
68:and
55:H-II
53:and
40:LE-5
38:The
34:LE-5
2049:GEM
1944:S12
1889:P80
1884:PAP
1879:P-6
1874:P-4
1774:UK
1558:PS4
1488:HNO
1484:MON
1464:MMH
1368:H-1
1363:F-1
1182:LOX
1024:LOX
987:J-2
843:LOX
446:no
443:no
91:GTO
84:or
70:LOX
51:H-I
2136::
1939:S9
1934:S7
1482:,
1471:/
1462:,
1457:,
1180:/
1022:/
1017:CH
841:/
836:LH
727:.
702:.
677:.
652:.
356:LH
315:sp
310:,
285:5
282:5
279:5
256:)
251:lb
174:H3
104:.
63:LH
1801:*
1795:*
1739:*
1728:*
1493:)
1490:3
1479:4
1477:O
1475:2
1473:N
1453:(
1184:)
1176:(
1026:)
1019:4
1015:(
845:)
838:2
834:(
773:e
766:t
759:v
737:.
712:.
687:.
662:.
576:.
358:2
312:I
253:F
65:2
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
